US2137132A - Duplex needle - Google Patents

Description

K. L. COOLEY DUPLEX NEEDLE Nov. 15, 1938.

Filed Sept. 17,193? I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. firmezZ/l. 6 002934- ATTORNEYS Nov. 15, 1938. KL. COOLEY- 2,137,132

DUPLEX NEEDLE Filed Sept. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 n INVENTOR.

'fizb ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE 1 Claim.

This invention deals with the irradiation of blood and other liquids, and provides a novel and advantageous method for accomplishing irradiation, and simplified and satisfactory appa- 5 ratus for this purpose.

An object of the invention is the provision oi an improved needle for use in securing blood or other liquids from the body of a human being or animal.

To these and other ends the invention resides in certain improvements and combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claim at the end of the specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a rear elevation of apparatus made in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the improved needle of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line of Fig. 2, on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 4 is a. longitudinal section through the needle, with the stylette removed;

Fig. 5 is a section through a fragment of the sharp end of the needle, on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 6 is an end view oi the needle viewed from the sharp end, and

Fig. 7 is a side view of the stylette.

The same reference numerals throughout several views indicate the same parts.

In the preferred form of apparatus of which the needle of the present invention forms a part, intended especially for treatment of human beings, the apparatus is mounted upon a bench or table 21 supported from legs 23 at its opposite side edges, the legs being spaced sufliciently far apart so that they may straddle the body of a person of normal size. Thus, when the patient lies preferably in a recumbent or semi-recumbent position, the table 2! is placed over him, with the long axis of the table extending crosswise of the'body, and with the legs 23 extending down at the sides of the body, into contact with a suit-. able supporting surface.

Upon the table 2i are mounted supporting standards 25, 21, 29, 3i, and 33, having notches in their upper surfaces for receiving tubes or hoses.

The blood or other liquid to be treated is led from the source of supply through a conduit 4!, which may, for example, be a small rubber tube, to the irradiating container or receptacle indicated in general by the numeral 45. This irradi- 5 ating receptacle comprises a stem ll having the so the major portion of its length formed in spiral convolutions, preferably in a flat or plane spiral.

Extensions or nipples 5i and 53 communicate respectively with the outer end ofthe stem 41 on opposite sides of a central partition therein (not shown). v

The stem Al, or at least the spiral part thereof, is made of some material which is transparent to ultra-violet light rays or other irradiating rays of the type with which this irradiating container is to be employed. Preferably quartz is the material from which the spiral portion of the stem 41 is constructed, although, if desired, it may be madeof any special glass or glass-like substance which is transparent to the desired irradiating rays.

The tube 4! connected to the source of supply of the blood or other liquid to be treated, passes over the top of the standard 25 and is held by the clamping device thereon, and is connected to the nipple 5i of the irradiating container it. The nipples 5i and 53 of this container rest on the tops of the standards 21 and 29 and are held by the clamping devices thereon, with the container 45 in an upright position, that is, with the spiral portion arranged above the nipples 5i and 53 and with the axis of the spiral approximately horizontal, as shown. The liquid supplied by the tube 4| enters the nipple 5i, flows into the stem 41 on the first side of the partition 43, through the entire length of the stem to the end of the spiral, then back through the stem on the second side of the partition, and to the nipple 53, from which it is discharged into a suitable conduit Gl, such as a rubber hose distended over and connected to the end of the nipple 53. This hose Bi is supported by the standards 3! and 33 and held by the clamping means mounted on those standards. The hose leads to the desired delivery point of the liquid being treated.

If gravity alone, or if the pressure of the source from which the liquid is supplied, is insufiiclent to insure proper flow of liquid through the apparatus, pumping means may be employed. When the apparatus is to be used in the treatment of human beings, pumping means is preferably employed in any event, in order to provide a metered or measured rate of flow of the liquid, so that the quantity treated and the degree of treatment may be regulated. Any convenient form of metering pump may be used, its details not being specifically disclosed. Between the standards 31 and 33, the rubber tube 8| passes through a pump casing between the bottom part The main pump operating gear 9| is driven from any suitable source of power such as an :3 electric motor (not shown) controlled from a control box 99 and supplied with current from any suitable source by an electric cord I03.

A reflector I35 is provided behind the irradiating container 65, the reflector preferably being in the form of an upstanding sheet of metal having a brightly polished surface on that side thereof which is toward the container 45 and the lamp. The reflector I35 may be made of stainless steel or may have chromium plating or other nontarnishing material on its surface.

The present invention provides an improved needle for use in withdrawing blood-from a body, which needle is especially adapted for use with the irradiating apparatus above mentioned, but which is also useful whenever blood is to be withdrawn, whether or not it is to be irradiated.

The improved needle comprises, an outer tube i5I having a sharply beveled end I53 for insertion into the flesh, the other end of the tube be- .11 ing expanded as at I55 to fit tightly into afemale connection member I51 rigidly secured in fluidtight manner on the end of the tube. Within this outer tube I5! is a smaller tube IGI occupying but a part of the cross section at the interior :J) of the outer tube. This inner tube has one end closed at I63 by a solid plate inclined to corre spond to the angle at which the end i 53 of the outer tube is beveled. Just within the openend of the outer tube and. the closed end of the inner :3 tube, the inner tube is provided with an undercut nick or groove I65 forming an opening. The opposite end of the tube I St is bent at an angle to the main length thereof and extends out through the side of the tube i5I, as shown in Fig. 4, and is expandedat I61? to make it engage with the female connection member I69 which is rigidly secured in liquid-tight manner to the portion I 61 of the inner tube, and to the outer surface of the outer tube. A guard member or thumb piece I'll surrounds the outer tube and is rigidly secured thereto near the connection member I69.

A stylette I having a knob IT! at one end may be inserted in the space between the outer tube HI and the inner tube I6I. When the stylette is in place within the needle, the knob I11 fits tightly against the connecting member I51, and the length of the stylette extends through the needle to the beveled end H53, the end of the stylette being correspondingly beveled to be flush with the beveled end of the needle when the stylette is fully inserted. That portion of the length of the stylette which lies alongside the inner tube I 6| when the stylette is fully inserted, is

- formed with a groove on one side, to make room for the inner tube IGI, as indicated in Fig. 3..

To use this needle for withdrawing blood, the

sharp end is thrust into the flesh by pressure conveniently exerted against the member I'll,

'3 in position to pass into a vein, artery, or other desired part of the circulatory system. The stylette may be removed from the needle prior to insertion in the flesh or may remain in the needle until after insertion. A suitable solution, such gas a saline solution or a sodium citrate solution, for example, is introduced into the connection I69-of thesmall tube of the needle, and flows along this tube to the opening I65, being unable tov escape from the tube until it reaches this opening. The rate of flow of the solution is determined by the size of this opening and by the hydrostatic head under which the solution is supplied to the needle. If more difierent rates of flow of solution are required than can be obtained conveniently by raising or lowering the solution receptacle to vary the hydrostatic head, the physician may be provided with a series of these needles, substantially identical with each other except that they have different sized openings M55. The solution passes through the opening I55 into the larger tube and aids the flow of blood back through the larger tube from the sharp end thereof to the connection i5l, which is connected to a rubber tube or any other suitable conduit through which the mixture of blood and solution flows away to the desired point. Thus the improved needle of the present invention may be used advantageously whenever it is desired to withdraw blood or other liquid from a body, irrespective of whether or not such liquid is to be irradiated, but the needle is especially useful in connection with the present irradiating method and apparatus.

In using the apparatus for irradiating blood of a person and introducing the irradiated blood immediately into the body of the same person,-

the apparatus may be connected up in the man ner shown in Fig. 1. The container or receptacle shown diagrammatically at I8I contains the saline solution, sodium citrate solution, or other desired solution which is to be used in aiding the flow of blood. This container is connected by the rubber hose or other suitable flexible conduit I83 to a nipple inserted in the connecting member I69 of the needle. In the other connection 65'! of the needle there is inserted a nipple to which i:- connected the hose or other conduit ll 4 leading to the irradiating chamber 45. One or more glass or other transparent sections I81 may be inserted at suitable points in the hose II, for the purpose of observing the flow of liquid therethrough.

The hose ti, which may also have one or more glass or other transparent sections I89 therein for observation purposes, is connected to a needle I9! which may be made of a single tube having a sharp beveled end, no second or inner tube being necessary.

With the patient placed in a recumbent or semi-recumbent position, and with the table 2i extending across the patients body near the middle thereof, the needle I Si is properly inserted into the circulatory system of the patient at any suitable point, such as in the patients right arm. The needle i9! is inserted in the patients circulatory system at any other desired point such as in the patients left arm. Then when the pump is started and the irradiating lamp is turned on, solution will flow from the container I8I into the duplex needle, and will mix with the blood by passing through the opening I65, and the mixture of blood and solution will pass out from the needle through the tube 8i into and through the irradiating chamber 45, where the liquid will be irradiated. After passing completely through the irradiating chamber and being irradiated to the desired extent, the liquid will move past the pump, which regulates or meters the rate of flow, and through the tube GI, and back into the patients body through the needle I 9| When initially starting operation, the tube 6i may be disconnected from the needle I9I until the flow commences, .thus clearing trapped air from all parts of the apparatus and preventing air bubbles I from entering the patients body with the returned blood. Suitable sanitary precautions are observed, of course, as will be understood by all physicians.

If it is desired to irradiate the patients blood and then hold it for further treatment instead of returning it directly to the patient's body, the apparatus may be used in the way just described except that the tube 6| would lead to any desired receptacle or container for holding the irradiated blood, instead of leading to a needle inserted in the patient's body. If it is desired to irradiate blood previously obtained from any source, instead of irradiating it as it is withdrawn from the body, the tube ll may be connected to the receptacle or container in which the blood to be irradiated is located, instead of being connected to the needle l5l. After the blood has been irradiated and has entered the tube 8|, it may then pass directly into the body of the patient to be supplied with this blood, as through the needle IN, or it may pass .into another receptacle or container to be transferred later to the patient. If thisapparatus is used as part of a blood transfusion, the needle Iii will be inserted in the body of the donor, while the needle l9! will be inserted in the body of the donee patient, and the blood 01 the donor will be suitably irradiated as it passes to the body of the donee.

The extent of irradiation produced upon the blood or other liquid being irradiated can be readily controlled by means of the various adjustments above mentioned, to produce whatever eifect may be desired by the attending physician.

I claim:

A duplex needle for use in withdrawing blood from a body, said needle including an outer tube having one end bevelled to a relatively sharp point for insertion into the body, an inner tube within said outer tube and extending substantially to said bevelled end of saidouter tube, said inner tube occupying less than the entire cross sectional area within the outer tube so as to leave a. space for flow of liquid along said outer tube between it and the inner tube, means closing that end of said inner tube which is adjacent said bevelled end of said outer tube, means forming a lateral opening in said inner tube leading into the space between said inner tube and said outer tube at a point near said bevelled end of said outer tube, inlet connection means associated with the end of said inner tube remote from said bevelled end, so that a blood diluting solution may be introduced into said inner tube, and outlet connection means associated with the end or said outer tube remote from said bevelled end, so that a mixture of blood and diluting solution may flow out from said outer tube through said outlet connection means.

KENNETH L. COOLEY.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 2,157,132.

November 1 5, 1958 v v KIEHN ETH L. COOL-El.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed'specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, first column, line 2, for the word "ball" read bail; andline 7, after the manor al and period "105." insert the following paragraph The irradiating source itself may be of any suitable knom construction, so mounted as to irradiate the'spiral portion of the container 11,5.

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 27th day of December, A. D. 1958.

(Seal) Henry Van Arsdale Acting Commissioner df Patents.

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