US20160256337A1 - Wheelchair suspension - Google Patents
Wheelchair suspension Download PDFInfo
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- US20160256337A1 US20160256337A1 US15/159,264 US201615159264A US2016256337A1 US 20160256337 A1 US20160256337 A1 US 20160256337A1 US 201615159264 A US201615159264 A US 201615159264A US 2016256337 A1 US2016256337 A1 US 2016256337A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wheelchair
- link
- front caster
- caster
- assembly
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
- A61G5/063—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps with eccentrically mounted wheels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
- A61G5/041—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven having a specific drive-type
- A61G5/043—Mid wheel drive
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1078—Parts, details or accessories with shock absorbers or other suspension arrangements between wheels and frame
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G5/00—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements
- B60G5/01—Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements the set being characterised by having more than two successive axles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
- A61G2203/10—General characteristics of devices characterised by specific control means, e.g. for adjustment or steering
- A61G2203/14—Joysticks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/24—Wheelchairs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S180/00—Motor vehicles
- Y10S180/907—Motorized wheelchairs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S297/00—Chairs and seats
- Y10S297/04—Wheelchair
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to conveyances and, more particularly, to wheelchair suspensions.
- Wheelchairs are an important means of transportation for a significant portion of society. Whether manual or powered, wheelchairs provide an important degree of independence for those they assist. However, this degree of independence can be limited if the wheelchair is required to traverse obstacles such as, for example, curbs that are commonly present at sidewalks, driveways, and other paved surface interfaces.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,964,473 to Degonda et al. describes a wheelchair having front and rear casters similar to Garin and a pair of additional forward lift wheels.
- the lift wheels are positioned off the ground and slightly forward of the front caster. Configured as such, the lift wheels first engage a curb and cause the wheelchair to tip backwards. As the wheelchair tips backwards, the front caster raises off the ground to a height so that it either clears the curb or can be driven over the curb.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,196,343 to Strautnieks also describes a wheelchair having front and rear casters.
- the front casters are each connected to a pivot arm that is pivotally attached to the sides of the wheelchair frame. Springs bias each pivot arm to limit the vertical movement thereof. So constructed, each front caster can undergo vertical movement when running over an obstacle.
- the present invention relates to a wheelchair suspension that includes a frame, a pivoting assembly, at least one front caster, and at least one rear caster.
- the pivoting assembly has a first link pivotally coupled to the frame member, a second link pivotally coupled to the frame member, a drive assembly fixedly connected to a first end of the first link, and a third link pivotally connected to the first link and pivotally connected to the second link.
- the drive assembly causes downward pivotal movement of the first end of the first link and upward pivotal movement of a second end of the first link.
- the upward pivotal movement of the second end of the first link causes the second link and the caster assembly to undergo upward movement.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wheelchair incorporating the suspension of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of certain components of the wheelchair of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is an exploded detail view of certain components of a side frame assembly of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the side frame assembly under static conditions.
- FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the side frame assembly traversing an obstacle by ascending an obstacle.
- FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the side frame assembly traversing an obstacle by descending the obstacle.
- the present invention provides a wheelchair and suspension for traversing obstacles and rough terrain.
- the present invention facilitates the traversing of obstacles and rough terrain by allowing for the vertical and lateral movement of one or more front caster assemblies coupled to the wheelchair.
- Wheelchair 100 is preferably a mid-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive wheelchair. As shown, wheelchair 100 has a chair 102 having arm supports 104 and 106 . A control device such as, for example, a joystick controller 108 is attached to the chair 102 for controlling any power-related aspects of wheelchair 100 . Wheelchair 100 further has removable decorative shrouds 110 covering the wheelchair's suspension, drive, and control systems. Projecting forward from the shrouds 110 is footrest 112 for supporting the feet of the wheelchair's user.
- FIG. 2 Illustrated in FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of certain components of wheelchair 100 .
- the suspension system has a sub-frame 200 for accommodating, among other things, removable batteries 226 and 228 .
- Removably attached to sub-frame 200 are first and second side frame assemblies 202 and 204 .
- Side frame assemblies 202 and 204 are removably attached to sub-frame 202 via interfaces preferably in the form of spring loaded hooks and latches.
- the spring loaded hooks preferably reside on sub-frame 200 with the corresponding latches residing on side-frame assemblies 202 and 204 . In this manner, an individual can manually without the use of tools take apart wheelchair 100 for easy transportation in, for example, the trunk of a car or other large vehicle.
- Each side frame assembly has at least one drive assembly having a motor drive 210 and 212 and a drive wheel 206 and 208 .
- Each motor drive 210 and 212 preferably has either a motor/gear box combination or a brushless, gearless motor.
- Each side frame assembly further has at least one front caster assembly 218 and 220 coupled thereto via pivoting assemblies 214 and 216 .
- At least one rear caster assembly 222 and 224 are also provided for each side frame assembly.
- Each of the side frame assemblies are identical in construction and, hence, the present discussion will focus on describing side frame assembly 202 with the understanding that such discussion is equally applicable to side frame assembly 204 .
- side frame assembly 202 has a side frame member 301 having sub-members 302 , 304 , 306 , and 318 .
- These side frame sub-members are preferably tubular (i.e., circular, oval, or rectangular in cross-section) and formed and welded together has shown.
- Pivoting assembly 214 has a first pivoting linkage 319 defined by sub-linkages 320 , 322 , 324 , and 326 .
- These sub-linkages are also preferably tubular in configuration, as described above, and formed and welded together as shown.
- Sub-linkage 326 has a motor drive assembly mounting bracket 328 attached thereto.
- a second pivoting linkage 334 is also provided. As shown in FIG. 3 , the overall length of the first pivoting linkage 319 is greater than the overall length of the second pivoting linkage 334 . As will be presently described, this configuration facilitates, for example, the dual functions of lifting and retracting the front caster assembly 335 away from the obstacle to be traversed and inward toward the wheelchair.
- the first pivoting linkage 319 is pivotally coupled to side frame member 301 via tubular stud or extension 308 .
- the second pivoting linkage 334 is pivotally coupled to side through member 301 via tubular stud or extension 312 .
- a compression plate 332 is provided for additional stability and is coupled to side frame member 301 via tubular studs or extensions 308 and 312 and pivot stop member 310 .
- Resilient extension springs 344 and 346 are provided between side frame member 301 and first pivoting linkage 319 .
- spring 344 has a first connection to frame member 301 via bracket 314 and a second connection to first pivoting linkage 319 via bracket 330 .
- Spring 346 has a first connection to frame member 301 via bracket 316 and a second connection to first pivoting linkage 319 via bracket 348 .
- extension springs 344 and 346 are connected to first pivoting linkage 319 on either side of the linkages pivotal connection to side frame member 301 and provide a unidirectional bias force around the first pivoting linkage 319 pivotal coupling to side frame member 301 .
- resilient elastomeric members can be integrated into the pivotal coupling between first pivoting linkage 319 and side frame member 301 .
- resilient elastomeric members can be integrated into the pivotal coupling between second pivoting linkage 334 and side frame member 301 .
- Such resilient elastomeric members can be “Rosta”-type bearings or other similar structures.
- a front caster assembly 335 is pivotally coupled to each of the first and second pivoting linkages 319 and 334 .
- front caster assembly 335 has an integral head tube/bracket 336 for receiving a caster fork 337 and making the aforementioned pivotal couplings to linkages 319 and 334 .
- These pivotal couplings to linkages 319 and 334 are facilitated by first and second holes 338 and 340 in head tube/bracket 336 and corresponding tubular formations in first and second pivoting linkages 319 and 334 .
- a rear caster is attached to side frame assembly 301 via rear caster fork 342 , which is received in sub-frame member 318 .
- first and second pivoting linkages 319 and 334 pivot with respect to side frame member 301 .
- front caster assembly 335 undergoes spatial displacement with the pivotal movement of first and second pivoting linkages 319 and 334 .
- the rear caster wheel and fork 342 are generally not affected by the pivotal movement of first and second pivoting linkages 319 and 334 .
- FIG. 4 an outer side elevational view of side frame assembly 202 is shown under static conditions (i.e., the wheelchair is standing still or neither accelerating or decelerating).
- Drive wheel 206 is only partially shown so to not obscure the relevant components of side frame assembly 202 . In this state, all wheels including the drive wheels and front and rear caster wheels are in contact and maintain contact with the ground or other riding surface.
- FIG. 5 an inner side elevational view of side frame assembly 202 is shown as the wheelchair traverses an elevated obstacle.
- the component displacement shown in FIG. 5 normally occurs when the wheelchair is quickly accelerated forward to traverse an obstacle such as curb 500 .
- the pivotal coupling between first pivoting linkage 319 and side frame member 301 is designated by pivot P 1 .
- the pivotal coupling between the second pivoting linkage 334 and side frame member 301 is designated by pivot P 2 .
- pivot P 2 is below and laterally offset from pivot P 1 in a direction toward the front caster.
- pivot P 2 is laterally closer to front caster assembly 335 than is pivot P 1 .
- this configuration provides the dual functions of lifting and retracting the front caster assembly 335 away from the obstacle to be traversed and inward toward the wheelchair.
- first pivoting linkage 319 to pivot or rotate in a clockwise direction about pivot P 1 thereby raising front caster assembly 335 .
- second pivoting linkage 334 to undergo pivotal motion.
- the resulting effect of second pivoting linkage 334 motion is to cause front caster assembly 335 to pivot about its pivotal coupling 338 to first pivoting linkage 319 .
- This pivotal movement causes front caster assembly 335 to be drawn inward toward the wheelchair itself and away from the obstacle 500 being traversed.
- FIG. 6 an inner side elevational view of side frame assembly 202 is shown as the wheelchair traverses descends an obstacle 600 .
- the resultant moment arm generated by springs 344 and 346 is greater than any other moment arm around pivot P 1 .
- This causes first pivoting linkage 319 to rotate counter-clockwise and to lower the front caster assembly 335 on the lower supporting or riding surface.
- the respective position of pivot P 2 and the overall length of second pivoting linkage 334 compared to the position of pivot P 1 and the overall length of first pivoting linkage 319 provide for front caster assembly 335 to descend to the lower supporting surface.
- second pivoting linkage 334 causes front caster assembly 335 to pivot about its pivotal coupling 338 to first pivoting linkage 319 .
- This motion causes front caster assembly 335 to extend forward.
- the combined effect of lowering and extending front caster assembly 335 provide the wheelchair with greater stability when descending a obstacle because the wheelchair is sooner and longer in contact with the differing elevations that represent the obstacle.
- the maximum pivotal movement is once again limited by stop 310 , which physically engages side frame member 301 sub-linkage 322 in this scenario.
- the present invention facilitates the traversing of obstacles and rough terrain by allowing for the vertical and lateral movement of one or more front caster assemblies.
Abstract
A wheelchair suspension includes a frame, a pivoting assembly, at least one front caster, and at least one rear caster. The pivoting assembly has a first link pivotally coupled to the frame member, a second link pivotally coupled to the frame member, a drive assembly fixedly connected to a first end of the first link, and a third link pivotally connected to the first link and pivotally connected to the second link. The drive assembly causes downward pivotal movement of the first end of the first link and upward pivotal movement of a second end of the first link. The upward pivotal movement of the second end of the first link causes the second link and the caster assembly to undergo upward movement.
Description
- This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/585,393, filed Dec. 30, 2014, titled “Wheelchair Suspension,” which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/465,268, filed May 7, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,925,943, issued Jan. 6, 2015, titled, “Wheelchair Suspension,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/330,554, filed Dec. 9, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,172,015, issued May 8, 2012, titled “Wheelchair Suspension,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/429,687, filed May 8, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,472,767, issued Jan. 6, 2009, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/762,977, filed Jan. 22, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,055,634, issued Jun. 6, 2006, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/974,348, filed Oct. 10, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,040,429, issued May 9, 2006, the disclosures of which are fully incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- The invention relates generally to conveyances and, more particularly, to wheelchair suspensions.
- Wheelchairs are an important means of transportation for a significant portion of society. Whether manual or powered, wheelchairs provide an important degree of independence for those they assist. However, this degree of independence can be limited if the wheelchair is required to traverse obstacles such as, for example, curbs that are commonly present at sidewalks, driveways, and other paved surface interfaces.
- In this regard, most wheelchairs have front and rear casters to stabilize the chair from tipping forward or backward and to ensure that the drive wheels are always in contact with the ground. One such wheelchair is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,435,404 to Garin. On such wheelchairs, the caster wheels are typically much smaller than the driving wheels and located both forward and rear of the drive wheels. Though this configuration provided the wheelchair with greater stability, it made it difficult for such wheelchairs to climb over obstacles such as, for example, curbs or the like, because the front casters could not be driven over the obstacle due to their small size and constant contact with the ground.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,964,473 to Degonda et al. describes a wheelchair having front and rear casters similar to Garin and a pair of additional forward lift wheels. The lift wheels are positioned off the ground and slightly forward of the front caster. Configured as such, the lift wheels first engage a curb and cause the wheelchair to tip backwards. As the wheelchair tips backwards, the front caster raises off the ground to a height so that it either clears the curb or can be driven over the curb.
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,196,343 to Strautnieks also describes a wheelchair having front and rear casters. The front casters are each connected to a pivot arm that is pivotally attached to the sides of the wheelchair frame. Springs bias each pivot arm to limit the vertical movement thereof. So constructed, each front caster can undergo vertical movement when running over an obstacle.
- The present invention relates to a wheelchair suspension that includes a frame, a pivoting assembly, at least one front caster, and at least one rear caster. The pivoting assembly has a first link pivotally coupled to the frame member, a second link pivotally coupled to the frame member, a drive assembly fixedly connected to a first end of the first link, and a third link pivotally connected to the first link and pivotally connected to the second link. The drive assembly causes downward pivotal movement of the first end of the first link and upward pivotal movement of a second end of the first link. The upward pivotal movement of the second end of the first link causes the second link and the caster assembly to undergo upward movement.
- In the accompanying drawings which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, embodiments of the invention are illustrated, which, together with a general description of the invention given above, and the detailed description given below, serve to example the principles of this invention.
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wheelchair incorporating the suspension of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of certain components of the wheelchair ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is an exploded detail view of certain components of a side frame assembly of the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the side frame assembly under static conditions. -
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the side frame assembly traversing an obstacle by ascending an obstacle. -
FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the side frame assembly traversing an obstacle by descending the obstacle. - The present invention provides a wheelchair and suspension for traversing obstacles and rough terrain. The present invention facilitates the traversing of obstacles and rough terrain by allowing for the vertical and lateral movement of one or more front caster assemblies coupled to the wheelchair.
- Referring now to
FIG. 1 , a perspective view of awheelchair 100 of the present invention is shown. Wheelchair 100 is preferably a mid-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive wheelchair. As shown,wheelchair 100 has achair 102 having arm supports 104 and 106. A control device such as, for example, ajoystick controller 108 is attached to thechair 102 for controlling any power-related aspects ofwheelchair 100. Wheelchair 100 further has removabledecorative shrouds 110 covering the wheelchair's suspension, drive, and control systems. Projecting forward from theshrouds 110 isfootrest 112 for supporting the feet of the wheelchair's user. - Illustrated in
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of certain components ofwheelchair 100. The suspension system has asub-frame 200 for accommodating, among other things,removable batteries sub-frame 200 are first and secondside frame assemblies Side frame assemblies sub-frame 202 via interfaces preferably in the form of spring loaded hooks and latches. The spring loaded hooks preferably reside onsub-frame 200 with the corresponding latches residing on side-frame assemblies wheelchair 100 for easy transportation in, for example, the trunk of a car or other large vehicle. - Each side frame assembly has at least one drive assembly having a
motor drive drive wheel motor drive front caster assembly pivoting assemblies rear caster assembly side frame assembly 202 with the understanding that such discussion is equally applicable toside frame assembly 204. - Referring now to
FIG. 3 , an exploded detailed perspective of certain components of side frame simply 202 is shown. In this regard,side frame assembly 202 has aside frame member 301 havingsub-members assembly 214 has afirst pivoting linkage 319 defined bysub-linkages Sub-linkage 326 has a motor driveassembly mounting bracket 328 attached thereto. Asecond pivoting linkage 334 is also provided. As shown inFIG. 3 , the overall length of thefirst pivoting linkage 319 is greater than the overall length of thesecond pivoting linkage 334. As will be presently described, this configuration facilitates, for example, the dual functions of lifting and retracting thefront caster assembly 335 away from the obstacle to be traversed and inward toward the wheelchair. - The
first pivoting linkage 319 is pivotally coupled toside frame member 301 via tubular stud orextension 308. Thesecond pivoting linkage 334 is pivotally coupled to side throughmember 301 via tubular stud orextension 312. Acompression plate 332 is provided for additional stability and is coupled toside frame member 301 via tubular studs orextensions pivot stop member 310. - Resilient extension springs 344 and 346 are provided between
side frame member 301 andfirst pivoting linkage 319. In this regard,spring 344 has a first connection to framemember 301 viabracket 314 and a second connection tofirst pivoting linkage 319 viabracket 330.Spring 346 has a first connection to framemember 301 viabracket 316 and a second connection tofirst pivoting linkage 319 viabracket 348. As will be described in more detail, extension springs 344 and 346 are connected tofirst pivoting linkage 319 on either side of the linkages pivotal connection toside frame member 301 and provide a unidirectional bias force around thefirst pivoting linkage 319 pivotal coupling toside frame member 301. Alternatively, resilient elastomeric members can be integrated into the pivotal coupling between first pivotinglinkage 319 andside frame member 301. Similarly, resilient elastomeric members can be integrated into the pivotal coupling between second pivotinglinkage 334 andside frame member 301. Such resilient elastomeric members can be “Rosta”-type bearings or other similar structures. - A
front caster assembly 335 is pivotally coupled to each of the first andsecond pivoting linkages front caster assembly 335 has an integral head tube/bracket 336 for receiving acaster fork 337 and making the aforementioned pivotal couplings tolinkages linkages second holes bracket 336 and corresponding tubular formations in first andsecond pivoting linkages side frame assembly 301 viarear caster fork 342, which is received insub-frame member 318. - Configured as such, first and
second pivoting linkages side frame member 301. Moreover,front caster assembly 335 undergoes spatial displacement with the pivotal movement of first andsecond pivoting linkages second pivoting linkages - Referring now to
FIG. 4 , an outer side elevational view ofside frame assembly 202 is shown under static conditions (i.e., the wheelchair is standing still or neither accelerating or decelerating).Drive wheel 206 is only partially shown so to not obscure the relevant components ofside frame assembly 202. In this state, all wheels including the drive wheels and front and rear caster wheels are in contact and maintain contact with the ground or other riding surface. - Referring now to
FIG. 5 , an inner side elevational view ofside frame assembly 202 is shown as the wheelchair traverses an elevated obstacle. The component displacement shown inFIG. 5 normally occurs when the wheelchair is quickly accelerated forward to traverse an obstacle such ascurb 500. For purposes of the present discussion, the pivotal coupling between first pivotinglinkage 319 andside frame member 301 is designated by pivot P1. Similarly, the pivotal coupling between thesecond pivoting linkage 334 andside frame member 301 is designated by pivot P2. In relationship to each other, it can be seen that pivot P2 is below and laterally offset from pivot P1 in a direction toward the front caster. In other words, pivot P2 is laterally closer tofront caster assembly 335 than is pivot P1. In combination with the respective overall lengths of first andsecond pivoting linkages front caster assembly 335 away from the obstacle to be traversed and inward toward the wheelchair. - In this regard, when the wheelchair is accelerated forward by a high rate, the resulting moment arm generated by the
drive wheel 206 will exceed the resultant moment arm generated bysprings linkage 319 to pivot or rotate in a clockwise direction about pivot P1 thereby raisingfront caster assembly 335. This motion also causes second pivotinglinkage 334 to undergo pivotal motion. The resulting effect ofsecond pivoting linkage 334 motion is to causefront caster assembly 335 to pivot about itspivotal coupling 338 tofirst pivoting linkage 319. This pivotal movement causesfront caster assembly 335 to be drawn inward toward the wheelchair itself and away from theobstacle 500 being traversed. The maximum amount of pivotal movement is limited bystop 310, which physically engagesside frame member 301sub-linkage 320. The same effect described above is achieved should sideframe assembly 202 be driven directly overobstacle 500. Once the resultant movement arm generated bydrive wheel 206 is less than the resultant movement arm generated bysprings front caster assembly 335 is lowered. - Referring now to
FIG. 6 , an inner side elevational view ofside frame assembly 202 is shown as the wheelchair traverses descends anobstacle 600. In this regard, the resultant moment arm generated bysprings linkage 319 to rotate counter-clockwise and to lower thefront caster assembly 335 on the lower supporting or riding surface. In this regard, the respective position of pivot P2 and the overall length ofsecond pivoting linkage 334 compared to the position of pivot P1 and the overall length offirst pivoting linkage 319 provide forfront caster assembly 335 to descend to the lower supporting surface. Concurrently therewith, the pivotal motion ofsecond pivoting linkage 334 causesfront caster assembly 335 to pivot about itspivotal coupling 338 tofirst pivoting linkage 319. This motion causesfront caster assembly 335 to extend forward. The combined effect of lowering and extendingfront caster assembly 335 provide the wheelchair with greater stability when descending a obstacle because the wheelchair is sooner and longer in contact with the differing elevations that represent the obstacle. The maximum pivotal movement is once again limited bystop 310, which physically engagesside frame member 301 sub-linkage 322 in this scenario. - Hence, the present invention facilitates the traversing of obstacles and rough terrain by allowing for the vertical and lateral movement of one or more front caster assemblies.
- While the present invention has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicant to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. For example, a plurality of casters can be used instead of one caster, the casters can be coupled to the pivot arms via shock absorbing fork assemblies, and the specific locations of the pivotal couplings can be modified so long as the above-described overall relationships are maintained. Therefore, the invention, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures can be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant's general inventive concept.
Claims (3)
1. A wheelchair suspension defining a forward direction and a rearward direction of the wheelchair, the suspension comprising:
a frame;
at least one main drive wheel for engaging the ground;
at least one front caster for engaging the ground forward of the main drive wheel; and
a pivoting assembly mounting the front caster to the frame so that the front caster can move upwardly and rearwardly when encountering an object, the pivoting assembly comprising an upper link and a lower link, the upper link being pivotally mounted to the front caster and to the frame at respective upper pivot axes, the lower link being pivotally mounted to the front caster and to the frame at respective lower pivot axes, the distance between the upper pivot axes being different than the distance between the lower pivot axes.
2. The wheelchair suspension of claim 1 , further comprising at least one rear caster for engaging the ground rearward of the main drive wheel, the front caster and rear caster being mounted with respect to the frame so that the front caster, the main drive wheel and the rear caster can all engage level ground at the same time, and further wherein the front caster is biased to normally remain in contact with the ground.
3. The wheelchair suspension of claim 1 , wherein the front caster is biased to remain in contact with the ground.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/159,264 US20160256337A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2016-05-19 | Wheelchair suspension |
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/974,348 US7040429B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2001-10-10 | Wheelchair suspension |
US10/762,977 US7055634B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2004-01-22 | Wheelchair suspension |
US11/429,687 US7472767B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2006-05-08 | Wheelchair suspension |
US12/330,554 US8172015B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2008-12-09 | Wheelchair suspension |
US13/465,268 US8925943B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2012-05-07 | Wheelchair suspension |
US14/585,393 US9370455B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2014-12-30 | Wheelchair suspension |
US15/159,264 US20160256337A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2016-05-19 | Wheelchair suspension |
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US14/585,393 Division US9370455B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2014-12-30 | Wheelchair suspension |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/974,348 Expired - Lifetime US7040429B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2001-10-10 | Wheelchair suspension |
US10/762,977 Expired - Lifetime US7055634B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2004-01-22 | Wheelchair suspension |
US11/429,687 Expired - Lifetime US7472767B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2006-05-08 | Wheelchair suspension |
US12/330,554 Expired - Lifetime US8172015B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2008-12-09 | Wheelchair suspension |
US13/465,268 Expired - Fee Related US8925943B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2012-05-07 | Wheelchair suspension |
US14/585,393 Expired - Lifetime US9370455B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2014-12-30 | Wheelchair suspension |
US15/159,264 Abandoned US20160256337A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2016-05-19 | Wheelchair suspension |
Family Applications Before (6)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/974,348 Expired - Lifetime US7040429B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2001-10-10 | Wheelchair suspension |
US10/762,977 Expired - Lifetime US7055634B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2004-01-22 | Wheelchair suspension |
US11/429,687 Expired - Lifetime US7472767B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2006-05-08 | Wheelchair suspension |
US12/330,554 Expired - Lifetime US8172015B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2008-12-09 | Wheelchair suspension |
US13/465,268 Expired - Fee Related US8925943B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2012-05-07 | Wheelchair suspension |
US14/585,393 Expired - Lifetime US9370455B2 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2014-12-30 | Wheelchair suspension |
Country Status (6)
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US (7) | US7040429B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2409674B1 (en) |
AU (4) | AU2002341765B2 (en) |
CA (3) | CA2463493C (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ532715A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003030800A1 (en) |
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Owner name: INVACARE CORPORATION, OHIO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:MOLNAR, JAMES H.;REEL/FRAME:040407/0637 Effective date: 20040421 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
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