US20140081655A1 - Monitoring Patient Conditions - Google Patents
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- US20140081655A1 US20140081655A1 US14/091,471 US201314091471A US2014081655A1 US 20140081655 A1 US20140081655 A1 US 20140081655A1 US 201314091471 A US201314091471 A US 201314091471A US 2014081655 A1 US2014081655 A1 US 2014081655A1
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Abstract
Among other things, a computer implemented method for monitoring patients released from an intensive care unit in a healthcare environment is described. The method comprises receiving medical information of a patient located at a location different from the intensive care unit, evaluating conditions of the patient by applying one or more rules to the medical information of the patient, and sending a message to the intensive care unit when the conditions of the patient match the one or more rules.
Description
- This application is a continuation application and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §120 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/550,043 filed on Aug. 28, 2009, which claims benefit under §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application 61/092,527, filed Aug. 28, 2008. The application is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- This description relates to monitoring patient conditions to provide intensive care services within and external to intensive care units.
- Medical monitoring equipment is located in a variety of healthcare facilities. One facility that may contain such equipment can be an intensive care unit (ICU) that allows patients in critical condition to be monitored. In general, an ICU is a specialized section of a healthcare facility (e.g., a hospital) and is equipped with the state-of-the-art electronic medical devices and a dedicated medical staff so that comprehensive and continuous care can be provided to patients with potentially life-threatening conditions. The use of the medical equipment in the ICUs can incur significant financial costs and the maintenance of the equipment may similarly call for significant fees.
- In general, in one aspect, a computer implemented method for monitoring patients released from an intensive care unit in a healthcare environment is described. The method comprises receiving medical information of a patient located at a location different from the intensive care unit, evaluating conditions of the patient by applying one or more rules to the medical information of the patient, and sending a message to the intensive care unit when the conditions of the patient match the one or more rules.
- Implementations may include one or more of the following features. The patient at the location is monitored using a clinical medical device. The patient's location is determined using an electronic device. The electronic device is integrated with a device collecting the medical information of the patient at the location. The electronic device comprises a portable electronic device. Medical information of the patient is stored in a centralized data repository; and providing users at the intensive care unit with access to the centralized data repository. A user is authenticated when the user requests to access the centralized data repository. The medical information of the patient is updated in the centralized data repository. The one or more rules in connection with the medical information are updated. Treatment recommendations are provided to users at the location or at the intensive care unit. The conditions of the patient are displayed in the intensive care unit continuously.
- In general, in another aspect, a computer-readable medium for storing instructions that are executable by a computer is described. The execution of the instructions causes the computer to receive medical information of a patient located in at a location different from an intensive care unit, evaluate conditions of the patient by applying one or more rules to the patient information of the patient, and send a message to the intensive care unit when the conditions of the patient match the one or more of the rules.
- Implementations may include one or more of the following features. The computer monitors the patient at the location using a clinical medical device. The computer to determines the patient's location using a electronic device. The electronic device is integrated with a device collecting the medical information of the patient at the location. The electronic device comprises a portable electronic device. The computer stores medical information of the patient in a centralized data repository and provided users at the intensive care unit with access to the centralized data repository. The computer authenticates a user when the user requests to access the centralized data repository. The computer updates the medical information of the patient in the centralized data repository and updates the one or more rules in connection with the medical information. The computer provides treatment recommendations to users at the location or at the intensive care unit. The computer displays the conditions of the patient in the intensive care unit continuously.
- In general, in another aspect, a system comprises a computing device comprising a memory and an engine. The engine is for receiving medical information of a patient located at a location different from an intensive care unit, evaluating conditions of the patient by applying one or more rules to the medical information of the patient, and sending a message to the intensive care unit when the conditions of the patient match the one or more rules.
- Implementations may include one or more of the following features. The medical information is obtained by monitoring the patient at the location using a clinical medical device. The medical information comprises information about the patient's location determined by an electronic device. The electronic device is integrated with a device collecting the medical information of the patient at the location. The electronic device comprises a portable electronic device. The memory comprises a centralized data repository for storing medical information of the patient and the computer provides users at the intensive care unit with access to the centralized data repository. The computer authenticates a user when the user requests to access the centralized data repository. The engine updates the medical information of the patient in the centralized data repository and the one or more rules in connection with the medical information. The engine is configured to provide treatment recommendations to users at the location or at the intensive care unit. Conditions of the patient is displayed by a display in the intensive care unit continuously.
- The details of one or more examples are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Further features, aspects, and advantages are apparent in the description, the drawings, and the claims.
-
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary monitoring system for a network-integrated intensive care unit (NI-ICU). -
FIG. 2 illustrates exemplary types of information collected and maintained by a monitoring system for an NI-ICU. -
FIG. 3 is illustrates processes executed by a monitoring system for an NI-ICU. -
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of operations of a data manager software in a monitoring system for an NI-ICU. -
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of operations of a rules manger software in a monitoring system for an NI-ICU. -
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an example computer system. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , amedical information system 100 includes one or more computer devices, such as general-purpose personal computers, personal digital assistants, specialized computing devices, or reading machines. The computer devices collect various types of medical information at multiple locations (e.g., patient locations) and exchange the collected information over a sharednetwork 108. The medical information can be processed by manager software stored on a patientspecific rules engine 144, and can be displayed at an ICUstation 110 of a healthcare facility. In this arrangement, some patients (e.g., patient 126) that are considered relatively healthy may be released from the ICUstation 110 and are remotely monitored bymedical professionals 160 at the ICUstation 110. Medical information (e.g., monitoring equipment readouts) of these patients may be collected, for example, in real time and processed by a patientspecific rules engine 144 and other associated software. Patient conditions may be monitored and identified as needed, and messages (e.g., alert messages) may be sent tomedical professionals station 110 to act on the conditions of the patient 126 (e.g., a message is issued to prompt intervention). - By allowing medical information to be collected from sites external to the ICU
station 110, a network-integrated healthcare facility is produced. Through such a network, resources, e.g., equipment andmedical professionals 160, at the ICU are efficient used and conserved. Cost of care for patients (e.g., patient 126) and equipment related cost may be reduced. In one arrangement, theICU station 110 can be located within a healthcare facility (e.g., a hospital) and external patient stations 106 (e.g., to which thepatient 126 is moved) may be linked to theICU station 110 within themedical information system 100. Thehealthcare professionals 160 at theICU station 110 can monitor patients released from theICU station 110 independent of the patients' current locations. Effectively,virtual ICUs patient stations 106 external to theICU 110. Through connections via thenetwork 108, theICU 110 and thevirtual ICUs - The
BSUs 122, 132 can also receive input by themedical professionals BSUs 122, 132 can be connected with a display system, e.g., including a universal interface device for facilitating information input and output. In one arrangement, the universal interface device is an RS-232 interface. - In some implementations, an operating system, such as Microsoft Windows®, is implemented in the
BSUs 122, 132 to provide a user-friendly interface for a user to access and input or retrieve patient medical information. Patients in each NI-ICU (e.g., located in an ICU or virtual ICU of the NI-ICU system) may equipped with locators (e.g.,locators 124, 134). In some instances the locators may be positioned on structures associated with the location of the patients (e.g., wall mounted). The locators may provide real-time geographic information of thepatient BSUs 122, 132, and theICU 110,virtual ICUs patient locators BSUs 122, 132, respectively, or installed separately as portable devices for the patient to carry around inside or outside a hospital. - The NI-
ICUs locators locators - Patient information collected in each NI-
ICU - In some implementations, the
network 108 can be a wired and/or wireless distributed computing network. Thenetwork 108 can transmit the patient information among the NI-ICU centralized server 102 may include astorage 101 for storing acomputer program product 139 to manage a NI-ICU system. In addition, thecentralized server 102 can also include adatabase storage 104, e.g., a computer storage medium, for example, magnetic or optical disk storage, or non-volatile semiconductor memory storage. Thecentralized server 102 can also provide an interface shared by multiple units in the healthcare facility (e.g., the hospital). Each NI-ICU network 108 via a network interface. In the event of a network failure, patient medical information or data can be replicated at theserver 102 and the local NI-ICUs to reduce the probability of losing information. - In one arrangement, the
computer program product 139 may include instructions, such that when executed, thecentralized server 102 performs functions of acommunicator 140. Thecommunicator 140 operates, e.g., to specify a user communication protocol for the user's hardware, operating system, line configuration, etc. For example, thecommunicator 140 can specify an appropriate communication port, speed (baud rate), interrupt settings, modem type and control strings, dial prefix, pulse or tone, and call waiting/shut-off for a standard duplex communication of telephone/audio connection 156, 168 (in the ICU 110). Thecommunicator 140 can maintain a reliable connection among the NI-ICUs - The
centralized server 102 also includes adata manager software 142 that may provide different users the ability to manage the patient medical information and data stored on thedatabase storage 104. Thedata manager software 142 also allows users to process resources (e.g., information from equipment) and control equipment through multiple user logic views at different locations (e.g., different terminals). Thedata manager software 142 also allows users (e.g., authorized users) to access thedatabase storage 104 e.g., to analyze and update patient medical information and data. Thedata manager software 142 may also control and enforce database security by preventing unauthorized users from viewing, accessing and updating the database stored in thedatabase storage 104. - As will be described in more detail below in
FIG. 3 , thecentralized server 102 and the database storage 104 (also referred to as data repository 104) store comprehensive patient records, results from measurements at the BSUs. Thecentralized server 102 can be configured to allow authorized users to access such information over a network, e.g., thenetwork 108. In some arrangements theserver 102 may also channel information to authorized users. Because information associated with the patients and the hospital can be stored in a centralized fashion at thecentralized server 102, themedical information system 100 allows simultaneous monitoring and access to the information by multiple users. - In addition, the
centralized server 102 also includes therules manager software 144. Therule manager software 144 evaluates the patient conditions, e.g., continuously, by applying one or more rules. In some implementations, the rules are applied based on the information stored in thecentralized server 102 anddatabase storage 104. Implemented as a decision support module, therules manager software 144 can search for and analyze patterns, values, trends, etc. of the information. The result of the search or analysis can be indicative of clinical deterioration or recovery of the patients and messages can be sent to thehealthcare professions 160, 158 (e.g., physicians, nurses, etc.). The messages can be sent to a variety of devices by one or more networks, e.g., thenetwork 108. The devices can include, for example,desktop computers cell phones console 112 of theICU station 110. U.S. Pat. No. 6,322,502, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, describes a medical information system in which data from multiple BSUs is provided to a common database. - The medical team on duty, including the
medical professionals 158 may monitor the patients in each NI-ICU and conduct routine medical services and practices. Patient information and physical location (e.g., current location) may also displayed and stored on computer terminals installed at doctor offices and nurse stations. - In some implementations, the
centralized console 112 is installed at anICU 110 to provide themedical personnel 160 with the ability to retrieve multiple step-down NI-ICU patients records from thecentralized server 102 and thedata depository 104 through thenetwork 108. Current conditions of one or more NI-ICU patients can be displayed, e.g., in an automatic manner and substantially in real-time, on thecentralized console 112. The medical professional 160 at theICU 110 can integrate the data from a plurality of sources to make an informed diagnosis regarding a certain NI-ICU patient. For patient information periodically collected from each NI-ICU, data updates may occur during the review time of medical professional 160. In some implementations, a message may automatically appear on the display screen of theconsole 112 to inform (e.g., alert) the professional that a particular data set has been updated. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , thecommunicator 140, thedata manager software 142 and therules manager software 144 that reside oncentralized server 102, anddatabase storage 104 are capable of collecting and storing comprehensive patient records transmitted from one or more departments and devices in the healthcare facility (e.g., the hospital). In the illustrated example, the data manager software 142 (shown inFIG. 1 ) supports organizing, searching, sharing, and synchronizing data along with providing security to the data that resides in thedatabase storage 104. The data management operations may be implemented, for example, based upon a relational data model. In some implementations, specific types of patient data are described in schemas in such a data model, and thedata manager software 142 can conveniently and efficiently provide a mechanism to extend the set of schemas to include new types of data defined as subtypes of the corresponding basic type. Updates of the patient data are also monitored and tracked by themedical information system 100.System 100 may also include an application programming interface (API), which enables various application programs to access the data described in the schemas. - In some implementations, a patient's demographics (e.g., patient's name, address, marital status, age, gender, and ethnicity), health and medical history (e.g., illness, allergies, and medications) can be accessed by all the authorized departments and staff of the hospital. Results of laboratory tests and diagnosis (e.g., radiology reports and microbiology reports), cardiac information, surgical information, and medication information may be accessed and updated by physicians or other staff at the hospital. To reduce human errors, the
system 100 can provide customized input masks. For example, if a physician inputs patient data that is incorrect, e.g., being incompatible with default information or existing information stored in thesystem 100, a message appears on a user interface to request the physician to check the input. - Each NI-ICU provides real time measurement data obtained from
BSUs 122, 132 (such as electrocardiograph (ECG) data, blood pressure data, pulse rate data, body temperature data, and patient locations) to thecentralized data depository 104. Patients and physicians in each NI-ICU ICU station 110 and thepatient station 106 to decide whether or not to take immediate action for the patient. Hospital resources may be maintained up-to-date, such that themedical team 160 of theICU station 110 can order therapies and discuss patient care issues with available specialists and physicians and generate an appropriate treatment plan in a timely fashion. - Referring to
FIG. 3 , therules manager software 144 includes a rules repository that receives patient measurement data 302 (e.g., real time data) from one or more bedside monitors andpatient record data 304 from thesever 102 andcentralized database 104. The rules repository contains arules store 306 that supports general and complex decisions in diagnosis and aconfiguration module 308 that allows physicians to customize rules for one or more specific patients. For example, by comparing measured data (e.g., from theBSUs 122, 132) to one or more predefined values (e.g., thresholds), the condition of one or more patients may be analyzed by therules manager software 144 in a continuous or periodic manner. When the condition of a patient deteriorates, e.g., based on results from hemodynamics and respiratory measures, a message (e.g., an alert) to appropriate medical staff may be triggered. The rules store 306 manages parameters, such as values of a threshold for monitoring patient conditions. The threshold can be chosen or determined based on theoretical or empirical data or information of the patient or other patients having similar medical conditions. Healthcare professionals may also generate rules by themselves based on patient conditions. For example, logical statements and parameters such as: -
- heart rate>120 bpm and temperature>100 degree
may be used in one or more rules in the rules store 306 or configured by the physicians. When the patient conditions satisfy the rules, a message, e.g., including a flag or an alert, may be delivered to ask the physicians to take appropriate actions.
- heart rate>120 bpm and temperature>100 degree
- A user interface, such as a graphical user interface (GUI), can be implemented to integrate with the
communicator 140 to enable the users (e.g., doctors, nurses) to access, e.g., review and manipulate (e.g., create, delete and modify) the patient information. Such a GUI may also facilitate rule creation, e.g., by displaying to the users a rules template for default rules or threshold values. Some arrangements may provide a rule wizard for creating rules on a step-by step basis. - The
rules manager software 144 stores rules that have been created. In some implementations, the name of a person who created the rule and the time the rule is created, the results of the application of the rule are also stored. Invalid or obsolete rules are purged out of therules module 306 periodically. Therules module 306 can also be updated by authorized users, such as a database administrator. Therules manager software 144 proactively monitorssystem 100 to provide support to the medical professionals. As such, thesystem 100 can be configured and administered in accordance with dynamic situations of the patients and multiple departments of the hospital. Thesystem 100 is supported by backups and can maintain and manage dynamic changes in the patient database. Performance of thesystem 100 can be analyzed and evaluated for adjustment of portions of thesystem 100, e.g., to improve efficiency or accuracy of the medical care provided to different patients. - Referring to
FIG. 4 , aflow chart 400 represents some operations of thedata manager software 142 for dynamically maintaining patient information received from one or more sources of a healthcare environment. As mentioned above, thedata manager software 142 collects and maintains comprehensive, patient-related information. In some arrangements, upon receiving (402) patient information through thenetwork 108, thedata manager software 142 authenticates (404) data input through various mechanisms. In some embodiments, the sources, e.g., a lab or a department of a hospital, of the input data can be checked. For example, usernames, passwords, e.g., one-time passwords, or record biometrics information of the user, e.g., fingerprints, hand geometry, and voice can be checked. In some embodiments, the destinations of the input data can be examined. For example, results of the BSU measurements or patient location information may be reported to certain physicians or departments in a particular format. The authentication process can take the form of checking and confirming special verifiers (e.g., labels or serial numbers) previously assigned to certain devices (e.g.,locators BSUs 122, 132). The authentication can also be performed within a particular time window by incorporating timestamps within protocol messages where authentication data is carried. Additionally, other types of information, such as clinical research study information, information related to patient symptoms and diseases, may also be provided to thedata manager software 142 from various devices (e.g., a medical content integrated service). In order to enhance the integrity and consistency ofsystem 100, the patient information is categorized and stored (406) in thecentralized server 102 and thedata depository 104. - In use, the users may need to request (410) specific patient information from the
system 100. The users can log into thesystem 100, e.g., using usernames and passwords. In response to patient information request by healthcare professionals, e.g., 158, 160, thedata manager software 142 automatically polls theserver 102 and thedata depository 104 and determines operations the requesting party is allowed to perform. For example, only doctors are permitted to access and enter information regarding prescriptions for drugs and treatment therapies; and only pharmacists are permitted to access and enter information related to the filling of prescriptions. Nurses and other medical staff are permitted to access and enter information with regards to administration of drugs and treatments. Similarly, user authentication (412) can be performed by various methods, as described above. Unauthorized users or hostile accessing attempts are denied (414) by thesystem 100. In order to retrieve (416) desired patient records, thedata manager software 142 checks or interprets the user request based upon medical knowledge, and subsequently applies appropriate algorithms to search for the records in thedata depository 104. Simultaneous editing of same set of patient data may be prohibited by thesystem 100 in order to maintain the consistency of the patient records. The patient records stored at various locations can be automatically updated 408 when the user updates the records at one of the locations. - The
rules manager software 144 can calculate a score representing the severity of a patient's conditions according to user-specified rules. The patient's score reflects relationships between various factors. Each factor can be weighted according to its significance as defined in a formulae used for calculating the score. Members of authorized medical teams in the hospital can define and update the formulae for each patient. Thephysicians 160 in theICU 110 can receive messages from therules manager software 144. Using the received messages and the diagnosis, the physicians can determine whether the treatment of a patient needs to be adjusted. For example, if a patient's complex shows abnormality or an acute condition, an emergency condition service moves the patient from avirtual ICU ICU 110. The resources of the hospital are then reallocated. For example, more devices and physicians can be added, the pharmacy department can be informed for medications, and the specialists can be called in. If the patient conditions become complicated due to persistent symptoms, a symptom assessment service will be launched to better assist the physicians to address the problem. For example, therules manager software 144 can be adapted to guide thephysicians 160 through a series of calculations based on the available patient data to reach a subjective conclusion. If a patient becomes observably healthier, the patient can be routinely examined on a periodic basis, and be discharged from the hospital. Therefore, the NI-ICU system in the hospital can continuously provide patients that have been released from an ICU with high quality and reliable medical services that are usually provided when the patients are in the ICU. -
FIG. 5 is a flow chart 500 of exemplary operations of therules manager software 144. The instructions of therules manager software 144 can be executed by a single computing device or by distributed multiple devices. Therules manager software 144 and modules associated with the software may be standalone programs. Therules manager software 144 receives (502) patient medical information collected from a wide variety of clinical devices. Therules manager software 144 monitors (504) the patient's current clinical data in real-time and checks the validity of certain rule or a set of rules defined for a specific patient in the virtual ICU of the NI-ICU system. The monitoring and checking may include searching, accessing and retrieving patient records stored in thecentralized server 102 anddata depository 104 for data comparison and updating. By continuously evaluating (506) patient information, therules manager software 144 can detect abnormal symptoms or risk factors in the conditions of the patients in a timely fashion. In the event of a violation of a rule, Therules manager software 144 can send (508) a message, e.g., including an alert, to thecentralized console 112, such that themedical team 160 can take proper actions. - In some implementation, the location of the patient can be reported to relevant medical personnel and departments for appropriate medical care arrangement and scheduling. The
rules manager software 144 may also be configured to recommend possible treatment procedures, e.g., at critical times, such that both the localmedical team 158 in the virtual ICUs and themedical team 160 in theICU 110 can work together. The physicians at different locations may collaborate on diagnosis and treatment plans through thecommunicator 140. - The apparatus, methods, flow diagrams, and structure block diagrams described in this patent document can be implemented in computer processing systems including program code comprising program instructions that are executable by the computer processing system.
-
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example computer system 600. The system 600 can be used for practicing operations described above. The system 600 can include aprocessor 610, a memory 620, a storage device 630, and input/output devices 640. Each of thecomponents system bus 650. Theprocessor 610 is capable of processing instructions within the system 600. These instructions can implement one or more aspects of the systems, components and techniques described above. In some implementations, theprocessor 610 is a single-threaded processor. In other implementations, theprocessor 610 is a multi-threaded processor. Theprocessor 610 can include multiple processing cores and is capable of processing instructions stored in the memory 620 or on the storage device 630 to display graphical information for a user interface on the input/output device 640. - The memory 620 is a computer readable medium such as volatile or non volatile that stores information within the system 600. The memory 620 can store processes related to various functionality, for example. The storage device 830 is capable of providing persistent storage for the system 600. The storage device 630 can include a floppy disk device, a hard disk device, an optical disk device, or a tape device, or other suitable persistent storage mediums. The storage device 630 can store the various databases described above. The input/
output device 640 provides input/output operations for the system 600. The input/output device 640 can include a keyboard, a pointing device, and a display unit for displaying graphical user interfaces. - The computer system 600 illustrates one example of a computing device. In general, embodiments of the subject matter and the functional operations described in this specification can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer software, firmware, or hardware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents, or in combinations of one or more of them. Embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can be implemented as one or more computer program products, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a computer readable medium for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus. The computer readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a memory device, a composition of matter effecting a machine-readable propagated signal, or a combination of one or more of them. The term “data processing apparatus” encompasses all apparatus, devices, and machines for processing data, including by way of example a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple processors or computers. The apparatus can include, in addition to hardware, code that creates an execution environment for the computer program in question, e.g., code that constitutes processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, or a combination of one or more of them. A propagated signal is an artificially generated signal, e.g., a machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signal, that is generated to encode information for transmission to suitable receiver apparatus.
- A computer program (also known as a program, software, software application, script, or code) can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a markup language document), in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files that store one or more modules, sub programs, or portions of code). A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers that are located at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.
- The processes and logic flows described in this specification can be performed by one or more programmable processors executing one or more computer programs to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. The processes and logic flows can also be performed by, and apparatus can also be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit).
- Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read only memory or a random access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for performing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer will also include, or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, e.g., magnetic, magneto optical disks, or optical disks. However, a computer need not have such devices. Moreover, a computer can be embedded in another device, e.g., a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile audio player, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, to name just a few. Computer readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non volatile memory, media and memory devices, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto optical disks; and CD ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in, special purpose logic circuitry.
- To provide for interaction with a user, embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can be implemented on a computer having a display device, e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor, for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device, e.g., a mouse or a trackball, by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback, e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback; and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
- Embodiments of the invention can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component, e.g., as a data server, or that includes a middleware component, e.g., an application server, or that includes a front-end component, e.g., a client computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the invention, or any combination of one or more such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication, e.g., a communication network. Examples of communication networks include a local area network (“LAN”) and a wide area network (“WAN”), e.g., the Internet.
- The computing system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.
- While this specification contains many specifics, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular embodiments of the invention. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
- Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the embodiments described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products.
- This written description sets forth the best mode of the invention and provides examples to describe the invention and to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. This written description does not limit the invention to the precise terms set forth. Thus, while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the examples set forth above, those of ordinary skill in the art can effect alterations, modifications and variations to the examples without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (42)
1. A computer implemented method for monitoring patients comprising:
during a period of time, continuously monitoring a patient released from a healthcare unit,
wherein the continuous monitoring occurs at a recovery stage between a first recovery stage of patients remaining at the healthcare unit and a second recovery stage of patients only needing periodic routine examination without continuous monitoring;
evaluating conditions of the released patient being continuously monitored by applying one or more rules to medical information of the released patient; and
sending a message to a healthcare professional based on the evaluated conditions of the released patient, wherein the message prompts the healthcare professional to determine
whether to readmit the released patient to the healthcare unit in response to the evaluated conditions indicating the released patient is in the first recovery stage or
whether to discontinue continuously monitoring the released patient in response to the evaluated conditions indicating the patient is in the second recovery stage.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising monitoring the released patient using a clinical medical device.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a location of the released patient using an electronic device.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the electronic device is integrated with a device collecting the medical information of the released patient.
5. The method of claim 3 wherein the electronic device comprises a portable electronic device.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
storing medical information of the patient in a centralized data repository; and
providing users with access to the centralized data repository.
7. (canceled)
8. The method of claim 6 further comprising:
updating the medical information of the patient in the centralized data repository; and
updating the one or more rules in connection with the medical information.
9. The method of claim 1 further comprising providing treatment recommendations to users outside or at the healthcare unit.
10. The method of claim 1 further comprising displaying the conditions of the released patient in the healthcare unit continuously.
11. A computer-readable medium for storing instructions that are executable by a computer, the execution of the instructions causes the computer to:
during a period of time, continuously monitor a patient released from a healthcare unit,
wherein the continuous monitoring occurs at a recovery stage between a first recovery stage of patients remaining at the healthcare unit and a second recovery stage of patients only needing periodic routine examination without continuous monitoring;
evaluate conditions of the released patient being continuously monitored by applying one or more rules to patient information of the released patient; and
send a message to a healthcare professional based on the evaluated conditions of the released patient, wherein the message prompts the healthcare professional to determine
whether to readmit the released patient to the healthcare unit in response to the evaluated conditions indicating the released patient is in the first recovery stage or
whether to discontinue continuously monitoring the released patient in response to the evaluated conditions indicating the patient is in the second recovery stage.
12. The computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising causing the computer to monitor the released patient using a clinical medical device.
13. The computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising causing the computer to determine a location of the released patient using an electronic device.
14. The computer-readable medium of claim 13 wherein the electronic device is integrated with a device collecting the medical information of the released patient.
15. The computer-readable medium of claim 13 wherein the electronic device comprises a portable electronic device.
16. The computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising causing the computer to:
store medical information of the patient in a centralized data repository; and
provide users with access to the centralized data repository.
17. (canceled)
18. The computer-readable medium of claim 16 further comprising causing the computer to:
update the medical information of the patient in the centralized data repository; and
update the one or more rules in connection with the medical information.
19. The computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising causing the computer to provide treatment recommendations to users outside or at the healthcare unit.
20. The computer-readable medium of claim 11 further comprising causing the computer to display the conditions of the released patient in the healthcare unit continuously.
21. A system comprising:
a computing device comprising
a memory; and
an engine configured to
during a period of time, continuously monitor a patient released from a healthcare unit of a healthcare environment,
wherein the continuous monitoring occurs at a recovery stage between a first recovery stage of patients remaining at the healthcare unit and a second recovery stage of patients only needing periodic routine examination without continuous monitoring;
evaluate conditions of the released patient being continuously monitored by applying one or more rules to medical information of the patient, and
send a message to a healthcare professional based on the evaluated conditions of the released patient, wherein the message prompts the healthcare professional to determine
whether to readmit the released patient to the healthcare unit in response to the evaluated conditions indicating the released patient is in the first recovery stage or
whether to discontinue continuously monitoring the released patient in response to the evaluated conditions indicating the patient is in the second recovery stage.
22. The system of claim 21 wherein the medical information is obtained by monitoring the released patient using a clinical medical device.
23. The system of claim 21 wherein the medical information comprises information about a location of the released patient determined by an electronic device.
24. The system of claim 23 wherein the electronic device is integrated with a device collecting the medical information of the released patient.
25. The system of claim 23 wherein the electronic device comprises a portable electronic device.
26. The system of claim 21 wherein the memory comprises a centralized data repository for storing medical information of the patient and the computer provides users with access to the centralized data repository.
27. (canceled)
28. The system of claim 26 wherein the engine updates the medical information of the patient in the centralized data repository and the one or more rules in connection with the medical information.
29. The system of claim 21 wherein the engine is configured to provide treatment recommendations to users outside or at the healthcare unit.
30. The system of claim 21 further comprising:
a display for displaying the conditions of the released patient in the healthcare unit continuously.
31. The method of claim 3 , wherein the location of the released patient is outside a hospital.
32. The method of claim 1 , wherein the medical information of the released patient includes data integrated from a plurality of sources.
33. The method of claim 1 , wherein evaluating the conditions of the released patient includes calculating a score representing severity of the conditions of the released patient.
34. The method of claim 33 , wherein the score reflects a relationship between different medical factors.
35. The computer-readable medium of claim 13 , wherein the location of the released patient is outside a hospital.
36. The computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein the medical information of the released patient includes data integrated from a plurality of sources.
37. The computer-readable medium of claim 11 , wherein evaluating the conditions of the released patient includes calculating a score representing severity of the conditions of the released patient.
38. The computer-readable medium of claim 37 , wherein the score reflects a relationship between different medical factors.
39. The system of claim 23 , wherein the location of the released patient is outside a hospital.
40. The system of claim 21 , wherein the medical information of the released patient includes data integrated from a plurality of sources.
41. The system of claim 21 , wherein evaluating the conditions of the released patient includes calculating a score representing severity of the conditions of the released patient.
42. The system of claim 41 , wherein the score reflects a relationship between different medical factors.
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