US20110209272A1 - Protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers - Google Patents
Protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110209272A1 US20110209272A1 US12/715,240 US71524010A US2011209272A1 US 20110209272 A1 US20110209272 A1 US 20110209272A1 US 71524010 A US71524010 A US 71524010A US 2011209272 A1 US2011209272 A1 US 2011209272A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- helmet
- shell
- facemask
- layer
- shock
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010019196 Head injury Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 8
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 206010010254 Concussion Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000028373 Neck injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036770 blood supply Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
- A42B3/069—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with soft external layer, e.g. for use in impact sports
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/18—Face protection devices
- A42B3/20—Face guards, e.g. for ice hockey
Landscapes
- Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
Abstract
A protective helmet having a layer of foam covering the hard shell of the helmet configured such that the foam absorbs shock from an impact thereby decreasing the amount of force translated to the head, neck, or spine of the wearer. A force-distributing shock absorber coupled to a helmet and facemask to protect the jaw from shock impacts.
Description
- 1. Technical Field
- The invention relates generally to protective headgear. More specifically, the invention relates to a protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- The potential for an individual suffering a head injury while participating in a sporting activity depends upon the type of sport as well as the skill of its participants. High impact sports necessitate the use of the headwear; however, head injuries still occur despite participant skill. Headwear protection must also be capable of withstanding repeated impacts without imparting injury to the individual.
- Headwear designed to protect an individual's head from injury is commonly referred to as a helmet. Proper helmet construction cannot be emphasized enough when used in such sports as football. In fact, it is a requirement that high school, college, and professional football players wear a helmet during play. Typically, these helmets have included: an outer shell, generally made of an appropriate plastic material, having the requisite strength and durability characteristics to enable them to be used in the sport of football; some type of shock absorbing liner within the shell; a face guard; and a chin protector, or chin strap, that fits snugly about the chin of the wear of the helmet, in order to secure the helmet to the wearer's head, as are all known in the art.
- When a user's head impacts a hard object while wearing a helmet, some of the energy of the impact is absorbed and displaced by the padding as it compresses against and between the user's head and the outer casing. However, despite the mandated requirement for helmet use and construction, head injuries still occur in notable numbers.
- The rule makers for football have recognized the importance of the helmet and face mask combination and have imposed rules to help to reduce injuries. However, a rule in itself cannot prevent injury and/or maiming of a player. Such a rule can only invoke a yardage penalty, a fine, or at worst a suspension of a player. The injury and associated damage, however, will have still occurred to the victim player.
- Head trauma and head injuries are some of the most under diagnosed and misunderstood afflictions in sports. As more and more data and information comes to light regarding athletes and concussions, the closer sports and medical professionals come to finding a workable solution and possibly better prevention methods.
- In fact, the United States Congress has recently considered a study performed at the University of Michigan that revealed that football players who suffer head injuries have much higher rates of dementia and cognitive disabilities later in their lives. In response, the National Football League has announced that it will conduct scientific research that will give players and equipment managers more information about helmets and will help manufacturers know where they could improve equipment.
- Numerous helmet manufacturers have developed various helmet designs and materials of construction in an effort to reduce head injury. As mentioned above, the common element in all such helmets is that the outer skeletal shell is constructed of an impact resistant hard plastic shell which operates to protect the wearer's head and spine should the individual wearing such a helmet impact another person or another obstacle. However, known solutions do not adequately address the risk of head injury as evidenced by the staggering amount of head injuries that still occur.
- Additionally, during sporting events, blows are commonly directed to the chin or jaw. When a heavy blow is delivered to the chin, the force extends into the jaw joint. The forces are transmitted to major nerves at the base of the brain, to the blood supplies to the brain, as well as to the balance center located near the jaw joint. In short, this force can leave the athlete with a concussion. Scientific studies and practical experience time and again have demonstrated the effectiveness of chin and jaw protection in the prevention of concussion.
- Additionally, a helmet wearer's comfort is an additional concern to designers. Notably, a helmet should allow warm air to escape the helmet through vents and allow breathability. Accordingly, a helmet is needed which provides superior breathability, padding, and impact resistance for the user, while simultaneously offering more resilient external surfaces for contact with opposing objects. A player should have confidence that a head injury can be avoided through the use of such equipment. Likewise, a helmet is needed which provides superior protection to chin and jaw impact.
- The invention relates to a helmet having a layer of foam covering the hard shell of the helmet and a shock absorbent facemask. According to some embodiments, a helmet is configured such that the foam absorbs shock from an impact thereby decreasing the amount of force translated to the head, neck, or spine of the wearer.
- In some embodiments of the invention, more foam is placed in areas that protect against the most common impacts. In some embodiments of the invention, a flexible, durable plastic covering covers the foam. The plastic covering is preferably paintable and does not freeze during common sports conditions. In some embodiments the shell and the foam covering include ventilation holes to allow for breathability.
- In some embodiments of the helmet couples with the facemask of the helmet with a force-distributing shock absorber to protect the jaw from shock impacts. In some embodiments, the force-distributing shock absorber includes a snap-on coupling. In some other embodiments, the force-distributing shock absorber includes a quick-release coupling.
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FIG. 1 illustrates an isometric view of a basic protective helmet of the prior art; -
FIG. 2A illustrates a cross-sectional view of an improved helmet according to some embodiments of the invention; -
FIG. 2B illustrates a front view of a helmet having a shell, a layer of foam, ventilation holes, and gaps in the foam according to some embodiments of the invention; -
FIG. 2C illustrates a cross-sectional view of a helmet with a layer of shock absorbent foam with a deformable polymer outer-shell according to some embodiments of the invention; -
FIG. 2D illustrates a front view of a helmet with a layer of shock absorbent foam with a deformable polymer outer-shell according to some embodiments of the invention; -
FIG. 3 illustrates an isometric detail of a helmet coupled with a facemask via a shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism according to some embodiments of the invention; -
FIG. 4A is an overhead view of the shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism and a vertical member of the facemask via a snap-on, c-shaped clip according to some embodiments of the invention; -
FIG. 4B is an overhead view of the shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism coupled with a vertical member of the facemask via a snap-on, c-shaped clip according to some embodiments of the invention; -
FIG. 5A is an overhead view of the shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism and a vertical member of the facemask via a u-shaped clip and a securing strap according to some embodiments of the invention; and -
FIG. 5B is an overhead view of the shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism coupled with a vertical member of the facemask via the u-shaped clip according to some embodiments of the invention. - The invention comprises an improved protective helmet. Helmets are configured to protect a wearer's head, face, and spine from a plurality of impact forces.
FIG. 1 illustrates an isometric view of a basicprotective helmet 100 of the prior art. Thehelmet 100 includes ashell 101 configured to receive the head of a wearer of thehelmet 100. Thehelmet 100 comprises afront region 102, acrown region 103, arear region 104, twoside regions 105, ajaw protection region 106, achin strap 107, and afacemask 108. Thehelmet 100 of the prior art provides only a base level of protection against head impact and impact to the wearer's jaw and chin during a collision. -
FIG. 2A illustrates a cross-sectional view of animproved helmet 200 according to some embodiments of the invention. Thehelmet 200 includes ashell 201 designed to securely receive the head of a wearer. In the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, thehelmet 200 includes a layer of cushioning 299 coupled to the outer surface of ashell 201. For the remainder of the disclosure, the cushioning 299 is referred to as foam. However, it will be readily apparent to those with ordinary skill in the art having benefit of this disclosure that other suitable materials, now known or later developed, that decrease shock forces are equally suitable as cushioning. - The layer of
foam 299 is configured to absorb impact forces on the wearer's head. In the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, the layer offoam 299 is permanently coupled with theshell 201 of thehelmet 200. - In the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, the maximum thickness of the layer of foam falls within a range of 0.25 inches and 2.50 inches. In some embodiments the layer of
foam 299 is contoured such that the layer is thinner in some areas and thicker in other areas. For example, in some embodiments of the invention, thefoam 299 is thicker in areas most frequently impacted during the normal course of a sporting event. - In the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, the layer of foam has a density in the range of 0.75 pounds per cubic foot to 2.00 pounds per cubic foot. In some embodiments of the invention, the layer of
foam 299 utilizes a plurality of foam regions, each one of which possibly uses different foam density values. - Although specific thickness and density values are specified herein, it will be readily apparent to those with ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure that a wide variety of thicknesses and densities are feasible.
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FIG. 2A shows the layer offoam 299 covering afront region 202, acrown region 203, andrear region 204 of thehelmet 200. In some embodiments of the invention, the layer of foam covers fewer regions or more regions. For example,FIG. 2B illustrates a front view of ahelmet 200 having ashell 201 with a layer offoam 299 coveringfront region 202, acrown region 203, andside regions 205 of thehelmet 200 according to some embodiments of the invention. - Although specific examples of helmets are disclosed herein with placement of foam layers in specific regions, it will be readily apparent to those with ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure that a helmet can include a foam layer in any region of the helmet.
- While protection against shock impact is the primary purpose of a helmet, the helmet should also provide comfort and breathability. Referring again to
FIG. 2B , thehelmet 200 is configured withventilation holes 275 disposed in theshell 201. According to some embodiments of the invention, the layer offoam 299 includesgaps 285 for letting the ventilation holes 275 breathe. - In some embodiments of the invention, the
helmet 200 includes an outer-shell 298 covering a layer offoam 299.FIGS. 2C and 2D illustrate a cross-sectional view and a front view of ahelmet 200 with a layer of shockabsorbent foam 299 with a deformable polymer outer-shell 298 according to some embodiments of the invention. - In the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, the outer-
shell 298 is a deformable polymer. The outer-shell 298 is preferably paintable such that a team logo, player number, etc. may be applied to the outer-shell 298. The outer-shell 298 also preferably maintains deformability at low temperatures. Although specific preferences are disclosed, it will be readily apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art that the outer-shell 298 can be composed of a number of different materials and have a number of different configurations. - As explained above, shocking blows to a human's chin or jaw can leave them with a concussion. Accordingly, some embodiments of the invention include a shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism to reduce the risk of injury to an athlete.
FIG. 3 illustrates an isometric detail of ahelmet 300 coupled with afacemask 350 via a shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375. - According to
FIG. 3 , the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375 comprises anaxial member 376 containing a dampeningmechanism 377 for absorbing force components parallel to theaxial member 376. For example, according toFIG. 3 , the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375 is configured such that forces components in the −z direction are absorbed by the dampeningmechanism 377. - According to
FIG. 3 , theaxial member 376 is coupled with anear protection region 305 of thehelmet 300. In some embodiments of the invention, the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375 is fixed to thehelmet 300. For example,FIG. 3 shows the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375 fixed to thehelmet 300 via abolt 380. In some other embodiments, the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375 is removably coupled to thehelmet 300. - Likewise, in some embodiments of the invention, the shock-absorbent
facemask coupling mechanism 375 is fixed to thefacemask 350, while in other embodiments the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375 is removably coupled to the facemask.FIG. 3 shows the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 375 coupled with a vertical member of thefacemask 350 via a snap-on, c-shaped clip 360. -
FIG. 4A is an overhead view of the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 475 and avertical member 450 of the facemask extending in an out of the page. The shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 475 comprises anaxial member 476 containing a dampeningmechanism 477 coupled with ashaft 478. Theshaft 478 terminates with a snap-on, c-shapedclip 460. The axial member is coupled with aflange 479 having aconduit 481 disposed therein. The snap-on, c-shapedclip 460 is preferably a resilient material that deforms to expand. Accordingly, the snap-on, c-shapedclip 460 is configured to snap onto thevertical member 450 of the facemask. - Preferably the facemask extends far enough away from the wearer's chin such that the facemask does not impact the wearer's chin during full compression of the dampening
mechanism 477. -
FIG. 4B is an overhead view of the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 475 coupled with avertical member 450 of the facemask via a snap-on, c-shapedclip 460. Additionally, according toFIG. 4B , abolt 480 is inserted into theconduit 481 for coupling the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 475 with the helmet. - In some situations it may be desirable to provide a helmet having a shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism with a quick release feature such that the facemask can be opened without an application of force. For example, if a wearer experiences a neck injury while wearing the helmet, it is desirable to open the facemask and remove the helmet with as little force as possible to prevent further injury. Accordingly, some embodiments of the invention provide a shock-absorbent facemask coupling mechanism that uses a coupling that is easily removable.
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FIG. 5A is an overhead view of the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 575 and avertical member 550 of the facemask. The shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 575 includes au-shaped clip 560 and a securingstrap 557 The shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 575 comprises anaxial member 576 containing a dampeningmechanism 577 coupled with ashaft 578. The axial member is also coupled with aflange 579 having aconduit 581 disposed therein. Theu-shaped clip 560 is configured to accommodate thevertical member 550 of the facemask. Theu-shaped clip 560 also comprises astrap 557 with the female end of asnap 556 disposed on a first end of thestrap 557 and arivet 558 disposed on the other end of thestrap 556 for coupling with theu-shaped clip 560. Likewise, theu-shaped clip 560 includes a male end of asnap 559. Accordingly, theu-shaped clip 560 is configured to fit onto thevertical member 550 of the facemask with thestrap 556 securing it therein. -
FIG. 5B is an overhead view of the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 575 coupled with avertical member 550 of the facemask via theu-shaped clip 560. As shown, the female end of thesnap 556 is snapped to the male end of thesnap 559, thereby securing the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 575 with thevertical member 550. Additionally, according toFIG. 5B , abolt 580 is inserted into theconduit 581 to couple the shock-absorbentfacemask coupling mechanism 575 with the helmet. - Although the invention is described herein with reference to the preferred embodiment, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other applications may be substituted for those set forth herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention should only be limited by the Claims included below.
Claims (21)
1. A helmet comprising:
a helmet shell configured to receive a head of a wearer of the helmet and configured to receive an impact force, wherein the helmet shell has a plurality of regions including:
a crown region;
a rear region;
a front region; and
two side regions;
a layer of cushioning coupled to the outside of the helmet shell, wherein the layer of cushioning is configured to absorb at least a portion of said impact force;
a faceguard configured to substantially cover the face, jaw, and chin of said wearer, wherein said faceguard is coupled with the front region of said helmet shell and to each of said two side regions via a shock-absorbent facemask coupling, said shock-absorbent facemask coupling comprising:
an axial member extending parallel to an axis of a predominant force component of a force exerted on the chin and jaw of a wearer during a head-to-head collision between the wearer and another human;
a dampening mechanism coupled to said axial member configured to at least partially resist said predominant force component of said force; and
a quick-release mechanism configured to release said shock-absorbent facemask coupling.
2. The helmet according to claim 1 , further comprising an inner cushioning layer coupled with the inner surface of the our shell outer-shell.
3. The helmet according to claim 1 , wherein said layer of cushioning comprises a polymer foam.
4. The helmet according to claim 3 , wherein said foam is contoured over the surface of said shell such that said foam is thicker in regions most frequently impacted during normal sport.
5. The helmet according to claim 3 , wherein the thickness of said foam falls within a range between 0.25 inches and 2.50 inches.
6. The helmet according to claim 3 , wherein the density of said foam falls into a range between 0.75 pounds per cubic foot and 2.00 pounds per cubic foot.
7. The helmet according to claim 1 , wherein shell includes one or more ventilation holes disposed therein, and wherein said layer of cushioning includes one or more ventilation slits disposed therein, wherein one or more of said ventilation holes and one or more of said ventilation slits are substantially lined up, thereby exposing at least a portion of the head of the wearer to the environment.
8. The helmet according to claim 1 , further comprising a deformable polymer outer-shell coupled to an outside surface of said layer of cushioning.
9. The helmet according to claim 8 , wherein said deformable polymer outer-shell is paintable and does not freeze during environmental conditions normally associated with sports activity.
10. The helmet according to claim 1 , wherein said shock-absorbent facemask coupling couples with said facemask via a snap-on clip.
11. The helmet according to claim 1 , wherein said shock-absorbent facemask coupling couples with said facemask via clip, and wherein said clip includes a quick release strap mechanism for securing said facemask within the clip such that said coupling can be released by releasing said quick release strap mechanism.
12. The helmet according to claim 1 , wherein said layer of cushioning is permanently coupled with said shell.
13. A helmet comprising:
a shell configured to receive a head of a wearer of the helmet and configured to receive an impact force, wherein the shell has a plurality of regions including:
a crown region;
a rear region;
a front region; and
two side regions;
a layer of cushioning coupled to the shell, wherein the layer of cushioning is configured to absorb at least a portion of said impact force.
14. The helmet according to claim 13 , wherein said layer of cushioning comprises a polymer foam.
15. The helmet according to claim 13 , wherein said layer of cushioning is permanently coupled with said shell.
16. The helmet according to claim 14 , wherein said foam is contoured over the surface of said shell such that said foam is thicker in regions most frequently impacted during normal sport.
17. The helmet according to claim 14 , wherein the thickness of said foam falls within a range between 0.25 inches and 2.50 inches, and wherein the density of said foam falls into a range between 0.75 pounds per cubic foot and 2.00 pounds per cubic foot.
18. The helmet according to claim 13 , wherein shell includes one or more ventilation holes disposed therein, and wherein said layer of cushioning includes one or more ventilation slits disposed therein, wherein one or more of said ventilation holes and one or more of said ventilation slits are substantially lined up, thereby exposing at least a portion of the head of the wearer.
19. The helmet according to claim 13 , further comprising a deformable polymer outer-shell coupled to an outside surface of said layer of cushioning.
20. A helmet comprising:
a shell configured to receive a head of a wearer of the helmet and configured to receive an impact force, wherein the shell has a plurality of regions including:
a crown region;
a rear region;
a front region; and
two side regions;
a faceguard configured to substantially cover the face, jaw, and chin of said wearer, wherein said faceguard is coupled with the front region of said shell and to each of said two side regions via a shock-absorbent facemask coupling, said shock-absorbent facemask coupling comprising:
an axial member extending parallel to an axis of a predominant force component of a force exerted on the chin and jaw of a wearer during a head-to-head collision between the wearer and another human;
a dampening mechanism coupled to said axial member configured to at least partially resist said predominant force component of said force.
21. The helmet according to claim 20 , wherein said shock-absorbent facemask coupling couples with said facemask via a means selected from among:
a snap-on clip; and
a u-shaped clip, and wherein said u-shaped clip includes a quick release strap mechanism for securing said facemask within said u-shaped clip such that said coupling can be released by releasing said quick release strap mechanism.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/715,240 US20110209272A1 (en) | 2010-03-01 | 2010-03-01 | Protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/715,240 US20110209272A1 (en) | 2010-03-01 | 2010-03-01 | Protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers |
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US20110209272A1 true US20110209272A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
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US12/715,240 Abandoned US20110209272A1 (en) | 2010-03-01 | 2010-03-01 | Protective sports helmet with energy-absorbing padding and a facemask with force-distributing shock absorbers |
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US11166511B2 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2021-11-09 | Riddell, Inc. | Protective sports helmet chinstrap assembly |
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