US20110024519A1 - Diffusion device - Google Patents
Diffusion device Download PDFInfo
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- US20110024519A1 US20110024519A1 US12/893,867 US89386710A US2011024519A1 US 20110024519 A1 US20110024519 A1 US 20110024519A1 US 89386710 A US89386710 A US 89386710A US 2011024519 A1 US2011024519 A1 US 2011024519A1
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- Prior art keywords
- housing
- wick
- diffusion
- container
- active material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
- A61L9/02—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air by heating or combustion
- A61L9/03—Apparatus therefor
- A61L9/037—Apparatus therefor comprising a wick
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
- A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
- A01M1/2061—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source
- A01M1/2072—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source combined with a fan
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
- A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
- A01M1/2061—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source
- A01M1/2077—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source using an electrical resistance as heat source
Definitions
- Diffusion devices or diffusers for emitting volatile or active materials are well known in the art.
- some diffusion devices include heaters to evaporate and dispense the volatile materials, while others include fans to evaporate and dispense volatile materials.
- One device having a heater is a plug-in device that includes electrical blades or prongs that are inserted into an electrical socket, wherein the device remains plugged into the socket for extended periods of time.
- the device includes a housing, a heater disposed within the housing, and a container having a wick extending therefrom and a volatile material disposed therein, wherein the container is adapted to be inserted into the housing such that the wick is disposed adjacent the heater.
- a diffusion device includes a housing and an opening in the housing adapted for insertion of a container having an active material therein and a wick extending therefrom.
- the device further includes a heater disposed in a rear portion of the housing and spaced from the wick when a container is inserted into the housing.
- a vent is disposed in a front portion of the housing.
- An active material diffusion-interference member is disposed directly above and axially aligned with the wick when the container is inserted into the device, wherein the diffusion-interference member inhibits diffusion of the active material from the housing such that heat generated by the heater is trapped around the wick, thus increasing volatilization and dispersion of the active material from the diffusion device as compared to a diffusion device that does not have a diffusion-interference member.
- FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the diffusion device of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 9 is a bottom trimetric view of the diffusion device of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 12 is a front isometric view of a container for holding a liquid active material for use with the diffusion device of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the container of FIG. 12 ;
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing various design configurations utilized in the second testing protocol.
- a diffusion device having a heater and/or a fan wherein an opening disposed above the wick has a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is smaller than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane (a “non-exposed wick)
- the rate of diffusion of an active material from the wick can also be increased as compared to a similar device with an opening having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane (an “exposed” wick).
- the horizontal planes as discussed herein refer to planes through the wick and one or more opening when the device is in an operative position.
- FIGS. 1-11 illustrate one embodiment of the present invention that includes a diffusion device 30 for emitting active materials therefrom.
- the device 30 includes a housing 32 in which a container 34 (FIGS. 2 and 12 - 14 ) is detachably retained, wherein the container 34 includes a “non-exposed” wick 36 extending therefrom.
- an “exposed” wick is a wick that, when a container having a wick is inserted into a diffusion device, no active material diffusion-interference members are disposed directly above and axially aligned with the wick and a vent having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane and that is substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane is disposed directly above the wick to disperse an active material that is volatilized by the device directly into the surroundings.
- An example of an “exposed” wick is shown and described in Pedrotti et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,862,403.
- Pedrotti discloses a vaporizer 100 having a bottle 120 with a wick 190 extending therefrom, wherein the bottle 120 is inserted into the vaporizer 100.
- the vaporizer 100 includes a heater 250 spaced from the wick 190 and an opening 320 disposed immediately above the wick 190 and having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that encompasses and is larger than a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane of the wick 190 for dispersing volatilized active material.
- Vents 310 are also disposed in a front portion of the housing opposite a fan unit 260.
- the front portion 40 of the housing 32 forms a cover for the first and second shell portions 44 , 46 of the rear portion 42 of the housing 32 .
- the front portion 40 includes a plurality of vents 140 disposed therethrough but, as best seen in FIG. 2 , the headspace above the top of the wick remains substantially enclosed.
- the vents 140 are disposed at an upper portion 142 of the front portion 40 and opposing the fan unit 60 when the device 30 is assembled.
- the wick 36 is substantially enclosed by the front portion 40 .
- volatilized active material is therefore pushed upwardly between the fan unit 60 and the vents 140 and dispersed into the surroundings by same. This effect was not previously recognized by those skilled in the art.
- the diffusion-interference members 143 are depicted as members extending between the vents 140 , the diffusion interference members 143 may take any form that would inhibit immediate movement of active material from the wick 36 directly into the surroundings.
- the front portion 40 of the housing 32 may be vertically aligned and vents 140 may be formed in the front portion 40 , but such vents 140 would not be disposed above the wick 36 .
- a top portion of the device 30 would not include any vents, and thus the top portion would constitute an active material diffusion-interference member 143 because the top portion would inhibit vaporized active material from streaming upwardly and out of the device 30 .
- the plug assembly 50 includes at least one, or two, extra outlets 172 , as shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 , and 11 , a pair of rigid conductive members 174 are press fit over the spring contacts 166 , thereby electrically connecting the extra outlets 172 to the plug blades 52 .
- the conductive members 174 are made of brass, although other well-known conductive materials could also be used.
- the plug assembly 50 rotates within the guide 82 of the second shell portion 46 .
- a pair of contact carriers 176 is fixed within the housing 32 , substantially surrounding a cylindrical surface of the plug assembly 50 , as seen in FIG. 11 .
- the contact carriers 176 are made of phosphor bronze, but other well-known conductive materials could also be utilized.
- the contact carriers 176 selectively provide an electrical connection between the plug assembly 50 and the electrical components of the diffusion device 30 .
- the first shell portion 44 of the housing 32 may include windows 178 ( FIGS. 1 , 2 , 6 , 10 , and 11 ) that correspond with the extra outlets 172 such that the extra outlets 172 may be accessed.
- the rotatable plug assembly 50 may be similar to that disclosed in Pedrotti et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,862,403, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.
- the container 34 includes a wick or capillary member 36 with a first end 202 disposed within the container 34 in contact with a liquid active material within the container 34 and a second end 206 that extends out of the container portion 34 through an opening 207 .
- a neck closure 208 is disposed within a neck 210 of the container 34 and includes a channel 212 through which the wick 36 extends and the neck closure 208 retains the wick 36 within the container 34 .
- the container 34 further includes a cap 214 connected to the neck 210 of the container 34 for shipping and storing the container 34 . The cap 214 is removed before inserting the container 34 into the device 30 .
- the container 34 is formed by first and second opposing longitudinal sidewalls 224 a , 224 b having a concave curvature and first and second opposing lateral sidewalls 226 a , 226 b connecting the longitudinal sidewalls 224 a , 224 b .
- a recess 230 ( FIG. 14 ) is disposed in the first longitudinal sidewall 224 a and a downwardly facing ledge 232 ( FIGS. 12 and 14 ) is formed in the second longitudinal sidewall 224 b of the container 34 .
- the recess 230 is disposed higher in the sidewall 224 a than the ledge 232 is disposed in the sidewall 224 a , such that the recess 230 is closer to the opening 207 than the ledge 232 .
- the first and second projections 126 a , 126 b prevent further upward movement of the container 34 so that the wick 36 is not damaged during insertion of the container 34 into the device 30 .
- the projections 126 a , 126 b are disposed adjacent upper shoulders 300 a , 300 b ( FIGS. 2 and 13 ) of the container 34 when the container 34 is inserted into the device 30 and interfere with the shoulders 300 a , 300 b to prevent upward movement of the container 34 .
- the container 34 is removed from the dispensing device 30 by pulling the container 34 away from the interior cavity 250 . As the container 34 is pulled, the walls defining the recess 230 and the ledge 232 and the lower portion 254 of the front portion 40 of the housing 32 flex outwardly, thereby allowing removal the container 34 .
- a method of increasing the volatilization of an active material includes in one embodiment, the step of providing a diffusion device 30 having a housing 32 and fan unit 60 and/or a heater 72 .
- the method further includes the step of inserting a container 34 having a wick 36 extending therefrom into the device 30 .
- the method includes the step of providing an active-material diffusion-interference member 143 in the housing 32 directly above and axially aligned with the wick 36 to inhibit or obstruct the diffusion of volatile material from within the housing 32 to an area outside the housing 32 .
- Design T is a “non-exposed” wick device.
- Unit Nos. 1071-1074 are units having Designs M, Q, R, and S, all of which are similar to Design T in that they do not include a vent having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane substantially equivalent to or larger than a wick disposed therein. Designs M, Q, R, and S are only different in that they implement different vent patterns.
- Unit SCJ-088 is an S.C. Johnson commercial fan-based device sold under the name (Oust® Fan and which is described in detail in Schwarz U.S. Publication No. 2006/0170119, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- an “end-point” is defined as a time point when all but 2 grams of the original active material (11 grams to begin) has been evaporated and/or dispersed into the surroundings.
- Samples 1-4 included heaters in a first position (disposed 2.65 mm behind the wick) and samples 5-8 included heaters in a second position (disposed 9 mm behind the wick). Each different heater position was tested with “exposed” and “non-exposed” wicks and with both 1.9 kOhm and 2.9 kOhm heaters.
- a second test was performed, the results of which are shown in Table 2 below and the graph of FIG. 16 .
- the type of heater and the fragrance used were kept constant (and the same as the first test) for samples 1-7 and the configuration of vents was changed to determine a configuration for the vents that would optimize weight loss, and therefore efficiency.
- samples 1-5 and 7 had “non-exposed” wicks and included designs corresponding to the designs as seen in FIG. 17 .
- Sample 6 had an “exposed” wick and included the design configuration P as shown in FIG. 17 .
- Sample 8 was again used to generally show the weight loss over time of the active material using only a fan. Referring to Table 2 and the graph of FIG.
Abstract
A diffusion device includes a housing and an opening in the housing adapted for insertion of a container having an active material therein and a wick extending therefrom. The device further includes a heater disposed in a rear portion of the housing and spaced from the wick when a container is inserted into the housing. A vent is disposed in a front portion of the housing. An active material diffusion-interference member is disposed directly above and axially aligned with the wick when the container is inserted into the device, wherein the diffusion-interference member inhibits diffusion of the active material from the housing such that heat generated by the heater is trapped around the wick, thus increasing volatilization and dispersion of the active material from the diffusion device as compared to a diffusion device that does not have a diffusion-interference member.
Description
- This application is a continuation of Belongia et al. U.S. application Ser. No. 11/821,006, filed Jun. 21, 2007, and entitled “Diffusion Device.”
- Not applicable
- Not applicable
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates generally to diffusion devices that emit active materials, and more particularly to diffusion devices that dispense active materials through a capillary member or a wick.
- 2. Description of the Background of the Invention
- Diffusion devices or diffusers for emitting volatile or active materials are well known in the art. To increase the diffusion of the volatile materials, some diffusion devices include heaters to evaporate and dispense the volatile materials, while others include fans to evaporate and dispense volatile materials. One device having a heater is a plug-in device that includes electrical blades or prongs that are inserted into an electrical socket, wherein the device remains plugged into the socket for extended periods of time. The device includes a housing, a heater disposed within the housing, and a container having a wick extending therefrom and a volatile material disposed therein, wherein the container is adapted to be inserted into the housing such that the wick is disposed adjacent the heater. In order to increase the evaporation of the volatile material from the diffuser, the device further includes an adjustment mechanism that a user must adjust to move the wick toward the heater in order to increase the intensity of heat applied to the wick. In addition, a vent is disposed above or adjacent the wick for immediate dispersion of the volatile material out of the device.
- One device that employs a fan includes a housing, a fan disposed within a first side of the housing, and one or more vents disposed in a second side of the housing that is opposite the first side. A container having a wick extending therefrom and a volatile material disposed therein is inserted into the housing such that the wick is disposed between the fan and the vent(s). The fan is cycled on and off to create an airflow through the housing and over the wick to evaporate and dispense the volatile material through the vent(s).
- Still other devices utilize both heaters and fans to evaporate and dispense volatile materials into the atmosphere. One of such devices includes a housing, a heater disposed within a rear portion of the housing, and a fan disposed within the rear portion of housing and above the heater. A container having a wick extending therefrom and a volatile material therein is disposed in a front portion of the housing such that the wick is adjacent the heater. A first vent is disposed in the housing directly above the wick to immediately diffuse at least a portion of the volatile material upon vaporization of the volatile material by the heater. The first vent also has a cross-sectional area in a horizontal plane that is greater than a cross-sectional area in a horizontal plane of the wick. In addition, a plurality of vents is disposed in the front portion of the housing opposite the fan such that any vaporized volatile material that does not exit the first vent is moved through the plurality of vents by the fan. The device also includes an adjustment mechanism that a user must adjust to increase the intensity of the heat applied to the wick. The adjustment mechanism adjusts the intensity of the heat by moving the wick toward and away from the heater.
- Therefore, there remains a need for additional ways to increase the rate of diffusion of a volatile material from a diffusion device. A more cost efficient or user friendly device is also desired. The discussion that follows discloses diffusion devices that address one or more of these needs.
- According to one aspect of the present invention, a diffusion device includes a housing and an opening in the housing adapted for insertion of a container having an active material therein and a wick extending therefrom. The device further includes a heater disposed in a rear portion of the housing and spaced from the wick when a container is inserted into the housing. A vent is disposed in a front portion of the housing. An active material diffusion-interference member is disposed directly above and axially aligned with the wick when the container is inserted into the device, wherein the diffusion-interference member inhibits diffusion of the active material from the housing such that heat generated by the heater is trapped around the wick, thus increasing volatilization and dispersion of the active material from the diffusion device as compared to a diffusion device that does not have a diffusion-interference member.
- Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, wherein similar structures have similar reference numerals.
-
FIG. 1 is a top isometric view of an embodiment of a diffusion device; -
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4 is a rear elevational view of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 4A is a plan view of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 5 is a top perspective view of a first shell portion of a rear portion of a housing of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6 is a rear perspective view of a second shell portion of the rear portion of the housing of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 7 is a front trimetric view of the second shell portion of the rear portion of the housing of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 8 is a rear trimetric view of a front portion of the housing of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 9 is a bottom trimetric view of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 with electrical components removed therefrom; -
FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 12 is a front isometric view of a container for holding a liquid active material for use with the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the container ofFIG. 12 ; -
FIG. 14 is a side elevational view of the container ofFIG. 12 illustrating the manner in which the container is retained within the diffusion device ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 15 is a graph depicting results of a first testing protocol; -
FIG. 16 is a graph depicting results of a second testing protocol; and -
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing various design configurations utilized in the second testing protocol. - It has been discovered that by providing a diffusion device having a heater and/or a fan wherein an active material diffusion-interference member is disposed directly above and axially aligned with a wick that extends from a container into the device (a “non-exposed” wick), the rate of diffusion of an active material from the wick can be increased as compared to a similar device with no active material diffusion-interference member (an “exposed” wick). It has also been found that by providing a diffusion device having a heater and/or a fan wherein an opening disposed above the wick has a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is smaller than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane (a “non-exposed wick), the rate of diffusion of an active material from the wick can also be increased as compared to a similar device with an opening having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane (an “exposed” wick). The horizontal planes as discussed herein refer to planes through the wick and one or more opening when the device is in an operative position. Although not wishing to be bound by theory, and as further explained below, it is believed that by containing heat within the diffusion device by utilizing one or more active material diffusion-interference members and/or not placing an opening having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane and disposed above the wick, superior diffusion rates can be achieved.
- Turning now to the drawings,
FIGS. 1-11 illustrate one embodiment of the present invention that includes adiffusion device 30 for emitting active materials therefrom. Thedevice 30 includes ahousing 32 in which a container 34 (FIGS. 2 and 12-14) is detachably retained, wherein thecontainer 34 includes a “non-exposed”wick 36 extending therefrom. A “non-exposed” wick occurs when adevice 30 in which thecontainer 34 is used includes an active material diffusion-interference member disposed directly above and axially aligned thewick 36 and/or thedevice 30 does not have an opening or vent disposed above thewick 36 and having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of thewick 36 in a horizontal plane. In other words, any opening disposed above thewick 36 has a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is less than a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane of thewick 36. In a device with a “non-exposed”wick 36, there may be vents, but the vents are configured to retain heat from, for example, a heater, within the device around thewick 36 such that active material in thewick 36 is more quickly vaporized. As illustrated inFIG. 1-4 , vents 140 may be provided to allow diffusion of the active material from the diffusion device, but the area directly above and directly surrounding the top of the wick is mostly enclosed by thehousing 32 and the active material diffusion-interference member, as discussed in greater detail hereinafter. By utilizingvents 140, none of which have a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of thewick 36 in a horizontal plane, and/or by utilizing an active material diffusion-interference member, heat may be trapped around thewick 36, causing the temperature surrounding thewick 36 to increase as compared to a housing that allows the majority of the heat to rise and escape through the top of the housing above or directly surrounding a top of thewick 36. - As used herein, an “exposed” wick is a wick that, when a container having a wick is inserted into a diffusion device, no active material diffusion-interference members are disposed directly above and axially aligned with the wick and a vent having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane and that is substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane is disposed directly above the wick to disperse an active material that is volatilized by the device directly into the surroundings. An example of an “exposed” wick is shown and described in Pedrotti et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,862,403. Pedrotti discloses a
vaporizer 100 having abottle 120 with a wick 190 extending therefrom, wherein thebottle 120 is inserted into thevaporizer 100. Thevaporizer 100 includes aheater 250 spaced from the wick 190 and an opening 320 disposed immediately above the wick 190 and having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that encompasses and is larger than a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane of the wick 190 for dispersing volatilized active material. Vents 310 are also disposed in a front portion of the housing opposite a fan unit 260. - The
container 34 includes an active material, such as for example, a liquid formulation including a fragrance, a disinfectant, a sanitizer, an air purifier, an aromatherapy scent, an antiseptic, an odor eliminator, an air freshener, a deodorizer, an insecticide, an insect repellant, an insect attractant, or any other active material(s) or ingredient(s) that are usefully dispersed into the air. The term “container” as used herein is used in its broadest sense to include any receptacle that is capable of holding an active material in liquid form. - As best seen in
FIGS. 1-4 , 10, and 11, thehousing 32 includes afront portion 40 and arear portion 42 connected to thefront portion 40. As seen inFIGS. 1 , 2, 5-7, 10 and 11, therear portion 42 includes first andsecond shell portions electrical plug assembly 50 is disposed within thefirst shell 44 and extends outwardly therefrom. Theplug assembly 50 may serve the dual purpose of supplying power to electrical components of thedevice 30 and also supports thedevice 30 within a wall outlet. Theplug assembly 50 includes twoplug blades 52 that are inserted into the wall outlet for operation of thedevice 30. The remaining components of theplug assembly 50 will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter. Theplug assembly 50 may be rotatable to allow for rotation of theblades 52. Rotation of theblades 52 allows thedevice 30 to be utilized in a wall outlet with horizontal or vertical apertures. - As seen in
FIG. 5 , acasing 58 is disposed within thefirst shell portion 44 above theplug assembly 50. Afan unit 60 is disposed within anupper portion 62 of thecasing 58. As seen inFIGS. 4 and 10 , a plurality ofair inlets 64 are disposed through arear surface 66 of thefirst shell portion 44 for supplying air to thefan unit 60. Referring again toFIG. 5 , acircuit board 70 for controlling the electrical components of thedevice 30 is disposed within thecasing 58 below thefan unit 60 and aheater 72 is disposed adjacent and electrically connected to thecircuit board 70 by wires 73 (FIG. 11 ), wherein theheater 72 is also disposed below thefan unit 60. During operation of thedevice 30, theheater 72 may run continuously and thefan unit 60 may also run continuously. - Referring to
FIG. 6 , afirst side 80 of thesecond shell portion 46 includes aguide 82 at abottom portion 84 thereof for guiding theplug assembly 50 during rotation thereof. Acavity 86 is also disposed within acentral portion 88 of thefirst side 80 of thesecond shell portion 46. When the first andsecond shell portions heater 72 is disposed within thecavity 86. A set oflouvers 90 is disposed in anupper portion 92 of thesecond shell portion 46. Thelouvers 90 extend between thefirst side 80 and a second opposingside 94 of thesecond shell portion 46. Thelouvers 90 are illustratively transverse to anorientation axis 100 of thedevice 30 such that air from thefan unit 60 is directed in a generally horizontal direction when thedevice 30 is in an operative position. - A
retention ledge 120 is formed in abottom portion 124 of thesecond side 94 of thesecond shell portion 46, as seen inFIGS. 1-3 , 7, and 9-11. Theledge 120 interacts with thecontainer 34 to aid in retaining thecontainer 34 within thedevice 30. Such interaction will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter. First and secondopposing projections second side 94 of thesecond shell portion 46 and are disposed above theretention ledge 120. Theprojections upper portions lower portions projections upper portions lower portions projections third projection 131 extends outwardly from thesecond side 94 of thesecond shell portion 46, as best seen inFIGS. 7 , 10, and 11. Thethird projection 131 includes acircular aperture 132 therethrough. The purpose and functionally of theretention ledge 120, the first andsecond projections third projection 131 will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter. - As seen in
FIGS. 1-3 , 8, 10, and 11, thefront portion 40 of thehousing 32 forms a cover for the first andsecond shell portions rear portion 42 of thehousing 32. Thefront portion 40 includes a plurality ofvents 140 disposed therethrough but, as best seen inFIG. 2 , the headspace above the top of the wick remains substantially enclosed. Thevents 140 are disposed at anupper portion 142 of thefront portion 40 and opposing thefan unit 60 when thedevice 30 is assembled. As seen inFIG. 4A , thewick 36 is substantially enclosed by thefront portion 40. In particular, thewick 36 has a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is transverse to theorientation axis 100 of thedevice 30, wherein the cross-sectional size and shape of thewick 36 in a horizontal plane is less than a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane of any one of thevents 140. - As best seen in
FIG. 4A , active material diffusion-interference members 143 are formed by thefront portion 40 of thehousing 32 directly above and axially aligned with at least a portion of thewick 36. Although not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the diffusion-interference members 143 obstruct and/or inhibit diffusion of active material from within thehousing 32 to an area outside thedevice 30, and therefore trap heat within thehousing 32, which results in an overall increase in temperature surrounding thewick 36. By increasing the temperature surrounding thewick 36, the overall diffusion of the active material from thediffusion device 30 increases because, for example, the increase in temperature more quickly volatilizes the active material, thereby causing a build-up of active material within the device. In order to accommodate this increase in volatilized material within thedevice 30, some of the volatilized active material is therefore pushed upwardly between thefan unit 60 and thevents 140 and dispersed into the surroundings by same. This effect was not previously recognized by those skilled in the art. - Although the diffusion-
interference members 143 are depicted as members extending between thevents 140, thediffusion interference members 143 may take any form that would inhibit immediate movement of active material from thewick 36 directly into the surroundings. For example, thefront portion 40 of thehousing 32 may be vertically aligned and vents 140 may be formed in thefront portion 40, butsuch vents 140 would not be disposed above thewick 36. In such embodiment, a top portion of thedevice 30 would not include any vents, and thus the top portion would constitute an active material diffusion-interference member 143 because the top portion would inhibit vaporized active material from streaming upwardly and out of thedevice 30. - As seen in
FIGS. 10 and 11 , the first andsecond shell portions rear portion 42 may be permanently attached to one another by a plurality ofposts 144 extending from thefirst shell portion 44, wherein theposts 144 are heat staked to thesecond shell portion 46 during manufacture and assembly of thedevice 30. When the first andsecond shell portions heater 72 is disposed within thecavity 86 in thesecond shell portion 46 and thelouvers 90 are disposed adjacent thefan unit 60. As seen inFIG. 8 , a plurality ofcylindrical projections 150 extend from a rear surface 152 of thefront portion 40 and are secured within a plurality ofstandoffs 154 extending from thesecond side 94 of thesecond shell portion 46 to aid in retaining thefront portion 40 on therear portion 42. In addition, a pair ofarms front portion 40 and engagegrooves third projection 131 extending from thesecond shell portion 46 to further retain thefront portion 40 on therear portion 42. In this embodiment, once thedevice 30 has been assembled, it is provided to a consumer such that disassembly is difficult. - Referring to
FIG. 11 , theplug assembly 50 includes a stepped, cylindrically-shaped body 160. Theblades 52 protrude through narrow slits (not shown) in arear face 164 of the plug assembly body 160, in a direction parallel to an axis of rotation of theplug assembly 50. Eachplug blade 52 includes aspring contact 166 at its distal end and a slidingcontact 168. The slidingcontacts 168 protrude slightly through openings 170 (only one shown) provided on opposite sides of the plug assembly body 160. Theplug blades 52, including thespring contacts 166 and slidingcontacts 168, may be made of nickel-plated brass, although other well-known conductive materials could also be utilized. - The
plug assembly 50 includes at least one, or two,extra outlets 172, as shown inFIGS. 1 , 2, and 11, a pair of rigidconductive members 174 are press fit over thespring contacts 166, thereby electrically connecting theextra outlets 172 to theplug blades 52. Theconductive members 174 are made of brass, although other well-known conductive materials could also be used. - The
plug assembly 50 rotates within theguide 82 of thesecond shell portion 46. A pair ofcontact carriers 176 is fixed within thehousing 32, substantially surrounding a cylindrical surface of theplug assembly 50, as seen inFIG. 11 . Thecontact carriers 176 are made of phosphor bronze, but other well-known conductive materials could also be utilized. Thecontact carriers 176 selectively provide an electrical connection between theplug assembly 50 and the electrical components of thediffusion device 30. Thefirst shell portion 44 of thehousing 32 may include windows 178 (FIGS. 1 , 2, 6, 10, and 11) that correspond with theextra outlets 172 such that theextra outlets 172 may be accessed. Therotatable plug assembly 50 may be similar to that disclosed in Pedrotti et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,862,403, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. - As shown in
FIGS. 12-14 , thecontainer 34 includes a wick orcapillary member 36 with afirst end 202 disposed within thecontainer 34 in contact with a liquid active material within thecontainer 34 and asecond end 206 that extends out of thecontainer portion 34 through anopening 207. Aneck closure 208 is disposed within aneck 210 of thecontainer 34 and includes achannel 212 through which thewick 36 extends and theneck closure 208 retains thewick 36 within thecontainer 34. Thecontainer 34 further includes acap 214 connected to theneck 210 of thecontainer 34 for shipping and storing thecontainer 34. Thecap 214 is removed before inserting thecontainer 34 into thedevice 30. - Referring to
FIG. 12 , thecontainer 34 is formed by first and second opposinglongitudinal sidewalls lateral sidewalls longitudinal sidewalls FIG. 14 ) is disposed in the firstlongitudinal sidewall 224 a and a downwardly facing ledge 232 (FIGS. 12 and 14 ) is formed in the secondlongitudinal sidewall 224 b of thecontainer 34. Therecess 230 is disposed higher in thesidewall 224 a than theledge 232 is disposed in thesidewall 224 a, such that therecess 230 is closer to theopening 207 than theledge 232. - The
cap 214 is removed from thecontainer 34 and thecontainer 34 is releasably secured to the dispensingdevice 30 by inserting thewick 36 of thecontainer 34 into an interior cavity 250 (FIG. 9 ) formed between thefront portion 40 and thesecond shell portion 46 of therear portion 42 and through theaperture 132 of thethird projection 131 and pushing thecontainer 34 upwardly into the dispensingdevice 30. As seen inFIGS. 8 and 14 , aninward projection 252 formed by alower portion 254 of thefront portion 40 engages walls defining therecess 230 in the firstlongitudinal sidewall 224 a of thecontainer 34 and theretention edge 120 of thesecond shell portion 46 engages theledge 232 in thecontainer 34 to retain thecontainer 34 within the dispensingdevice 30. As seen inFIG. 2 , the first andsecond projections container 34 so that thewick 36 is not damaged during insertion of thecontainer 34 into thedevice 30. In particular, theprojections upper shoulders FIGS. 2 and 13 ) of thecontainer 34 when thecontainer 34 is inserted into thedevice 30 and interfere with theshoulders container 34. - The
container 34 is removed from the dispensingdevice 30 by pulling thecontainer 34 away from theinterior cavity 250. As thecontainer 34 is pulled, the walls defining therecess 230 and theledge 232 and thelower portion 254 of thefront portion 40 of thehousing 32 flex outwardly, thereby allowing removal thecontainer 34. - Illustratively, and as seen in
FIG. 4A , when thecontainer 34 is fully inserted into thedevice 30, none of thevents 140 has a horizontal cross-sectional size or shape in a horizontal plane that is substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane of thewick 36. Such a vent configuration, alone or in combination with the active material diffusion-interference members 143, increases the evaporation efficiency and weight loss of thedevice 30, as will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter. - The
container 34 and the mechanism for retaining thecontainer 34 within thedevice 30 are discussed in greater detail in Duston et al. U.S. Pat. No. 7,032,831 and Kotary et al. U.S. Publication No. 2004/0184969, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein. - A method of increasing the volatilization of an active material is also provided. The method includes in one embodiment, the step of providing a
diffusion device 30 having ahousing 32 andfan unit 60 and/or aheater 72. The method further includes the step of inserting acontainer 34 having awick 36 extending therefrom into thedevice 30. Still further, the method includes the step of providing an active-material diffusion-interference member 143 in thehousing 32 directly above and axially aligned with thewick 36 to inhibit or obstruct the diffusion of volatile material from within thehousing 32 to an area outside thehousing 32. - A further method of increasing the volatilization of an active material is also provided. The method includes in this embodiment, the step of providing a
diffusion device 30 having ahousing 32 andfan unit 60 and/or aheater 72. The method further includes the step of inserting acontainer 34 having awick 36 extending therefrom into thedevice 30. Still further, the method includes the step of providing avent 140 within thehousing 32, wherein thevent 140 has a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is smaller than a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane of thewick 36. - Diffusion devices were tested for their ability to increase the rate of diffusion of a volatile active material from the
device 30. The devices tested are shown inFIG. 17 and all includelouvers 90 with a generally horizontal orientation and further include various configurations ofvents 140. Unit Nos. 1020, 1021, 1024, and 1025 are units having Design P ofFIG. 17 , where a vent having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane substantially equivalent to or larger than a cross-sectional size and shape of a wick in a horizontal plane (or an “exposed wick”) is disposed in a front portion thereof. Unit Nos. 1022, 1023, 1026, 1027, and 1075 are units having Design T, the unit described in detail herein. As described in detail herein, Design T is a “non-exposed” wick device. Unit Nos. 1071-1074 are units having Designs M, Q, R, and S, all of which are similar to Design T in that they do not include a vent having a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane substantially equivalent to or larger than a wick disposed therein. Designs M, Q, R, and S are only different in that they implement different vent patterns. Unit SCJ-088 is an S.C. Johnson commercial fan-based device sold under the name (Oust® Fan and which is described in detail in Schwarz U.S. Publication No. 2006/0170119, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. For each diffusion device, an “end-point” is defined as a time point when all but 2 grams of the original active material (11 grams to begin) has been evaporated and/or dispersed into the surroundings. - For all tests, the containers for each diffusion device were filled with 11 grams of active material and the weight loss in grams of the active material was measured against time. The containers and wicks utilized were identical to the
container 34 andwick 36 as discussed in detail herein and which are discussed in detail in Kotary et al. U.S. Publication No. 2004/0184969 (“the '969 publication”), the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Specifically, the containers are identical to that discussed with respect toFIG. 10 of the '969 publication. The containers and wicks are also commercially available as a refill for or as a set with the (Oust® Odor-Free Fan, both sold by S.C. Johnson of Racine, Wis., wherein the only scent utilized for all tests was the (Oust® citrus scent. - In a first test, (the results are shown below in Table 1 and
FIG. 15 ), multiple sample diffusion devices were tested, wherein various factors were tested. All samples included a fan and samples 1-12 also included a heater. In particular, all fans are 12V, DC, brushless Axial fans with a product description code of 16523-FNM-ELE-120V, which are manufactured and sold by Power Logic Tech Inc. of Taipei Hsien, Taiwan, wherein the fan has a velocity of 2400 rotations per minute. All heaters are 7 W metal oxide resistor heaters manufactured and sold by Great Land Enterprise Co., Ltd. of Shenzhen, China, wherein the heater has a temperature of 89 degrees Celsius. Samples 1-4 included heaters in a first position (disposed 2.65 mm behind the wick) and samples 5-8 included heaters in a second position (disposed 9 mm behind the wick). Each different heater position was tested with “exposed” and “non-exposed” wicks and with both 1.9 kOhm and 2.9 kOhm heaters. - Referring to Table 1 and
FIG. 15 and comparing the devices with “exposed” wicks against the devices with “non-exposed” wicks, in all cases, the devices with “non-exposed” wicks resulted in greater volatilization and greater weight loss of the active material and met their end-point before the “exposed” wicks in substantially identical devices.Sample 9 included only a fan and was used in this testing protocol to generally show the weight loss over time of the active material using only a fan. As would be expected, the active materials disposed within the samples having both a heater and a fan (samples 1-12) had a greater weight loss over time thansample 9, which only had a fan. -
TABLE 1 Sam- Heater Design/ Front Design/ K Ohm End-Point ple Unit # Description Setting (Heater) Fragrance (Days) 1 1020 Resistor in current Exposed Wick 1.9 Oust 14 position Citrus 2 1021 Resistor in current Exposed Wick 2.9 Oust 17 position Citrus 3 1022 Resistor in current Non-Exposed 1.9 Oust 9 position Wick Citrus 4 1023 Resistor in current Non-Exposed 2.9 Oust 12 position Wick Citrus 5 1024 Resistor 6-8 mm Exposed Wick 1.9 Oust 20 back Citrus 6 1025 Resistor 6-8 mm Exposed Wick 2.9 Oust 23 back Citrus 7 1026 Resistor 6-8 mm Non-Exposed 1.9 Oust 11 back Wick Citrus 8 1027 Resistor 6-8 mm Non-Exposed 2.9 Oust 17 back Wick Citrus 9 SCJ-088 Current Oust Fan Current Oust 34 Citrus - A second test was performed, the results of which are shown in Table 2 below and the graph of
FIG. 16 . In the second test, the type of heater and the fragrance used were kept constant (and the same as the first test) for samples 1-7 and the configuration of vents was changed to determine a configuration for the vents that would optimize weight loss, and therefore efficiency. In particular, samples 1-5 and 7 had “non-exposed” wicks and included designs corresponding to the designs as seen inFIG. 17 . Sample 6 had an “exposed” wick and included the design configuration P as shown inFIG. 17 .Sample 8 was again used to generally show the weight loss over time of the active material using only a fan. Referring to Table 2 and the graph ofFIG. 16 , the devices having “non-exposed” wicks all had a greater weight loss and the active materials therein met their end-point before the device with the “exposed” wick. Additionally, as would be expected, all samples having both a heater and a fan had a greater weight loss thansample 8, which only included a fan. - The overall conclusion of the second test was that, no matter what vent design configuration is used, the “non-exposed” wick devices increase volatilization and create a greater weight loss over time of the active material from the device compared to “exposed” wick devices.
-
TABLE 2 Estimated Sam- Heater Design/ Front End-Point ple Unit # Description Design Fragrance (Days) 1 1071 Resistor 6-8 mm M Oust 14 back, 2.9 K Citrus 2 1072 Resistor 6-8 mm Q Oust 18 back, 2.9 watt Citrus 3 1073 Resistor 6-8 mm R Oust 14 back, 2.9 K Citrus 4 1074 Resistor 6-8 mm S Oust 15 back, 2.9 K Citrus 5 1075 Resistor 6-8 mm T Oust 18 back, 2.9 K Citrus 6 1025 Resistor 6-8 mm Exposed Oust 27 back, 2.9 K Wick (P) Citrus 7 1027 Resistor 6-8 mm M Oust 14 back, 2.9 K Citrus 8 SCJ-088 Current Oust Current Oust 33 Fan Citrus - The present disclosure provides a device for emitting active materials therefrom, wherein the device has been designed to have an optimal weight loss. In particular, the devices includes one or more of a heater, a fan, a plurality of vents disposed opposite the fan, and a set of louvers disposed adjacent the fan. A container having a wick extending therefrom and an active material disposed therein is inserted into the device for dispersion of the active material. The wick is non-exposed in that there are no active material diffusion-interference members disposed directly above and axially aligned with the wick and/or any vents disposed above the wick have a cross-sectional size and shape in a horizontal plane that is smaller than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane.
- Numerous modifications to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the foregoing description. Accordingly, this description is to be construed as illustrative only and is presented for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to make and use the invention and to teach the best mode of carrying out same. The exclusive rights to all modifications which come within the scope of the appended claims are reserved.
Claims (8)
1. A diffusion device, comprising:
a housing;
an opening in the housing adapted for insertion of a container having an active material therein and a wick extending therefrom;
a heater disposed in a rear portion of the housing and spaced from the wick when a container is inserted into the housing;
a vent disposed in a front portion of the housing; and
an active material diffusion-interference member disposed directly above and axially aligned with the wick when the container is inserted into the device, wherein in use, the diffusion-interference member inhibits diffusion of the active material from the housing such that heat generated by the heater is trapped around the wick, thus increasing volatilization and dispersion of the active material from the diffusion device as compared to a diffusion device that does not have a diffusion-interference member.
2. The diffusion device of claim 1 , further including a fan disposed in a rear portion of the housing opposite the vent and spaced from a top portion of the wick, wherein the fan moves vaporized active material out of the housing through the vent.
3. The diffusion device of claim 2 , wherein a set of louvers is disposed adjacent the fan for directing air from the fan and through the housing.
4. The diffusion device of claim 3 , wherein the louvers are oriented horizontally in an operative position to direct the airflow out the vent.
5. The diffusion device of claim 3 , wherein the heater and the fan are spaced from one another along a vertical axis in an operative position such that active material vaporized by the heater is not immediately dispersed by the fan, but slowly moves into the airflow to be dispersed by the fan.
6. The diffusion device of claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional size and shape of the vent in a horizontal plane is smaller than a cross-sectional size and shape of the wick in a horizontal plane.
7. The diffusion device of claim 1 , wherein the container is disposed within a front portion of the housing adjacent a rear portion of the housing and opposing projections extend from the rear portion of the housing to limit movement of the container into the housing.
8. The diffusion device of claim 7 , wherein the projections abut shoulders of the container when the container has been sufficiently inserted into the housing.
Priority Applications (1)
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US12/893,867 US20110024519A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2010-09-29 | Diffusion device |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/821,006 US7840123B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2007-06-21 | Diffusion device |
US12/893,867 US20110024519A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2010-09-29 | Diffusion device |
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US11/821,006 Continuation US7840123B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2007-06-21 | Diffusion device |
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WO2008156805A1 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
US7840123B2 (en) | 2010-11-23 |
US20080315006A1 (en) | 2008-12-25 |
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