US20100006291A1 - Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream - Google Patents

Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100006291A1
US20100006291A1 US12/307,713 US30771307A US2010006291A1 US 20100006291 A1 US20100006291 A1 US 20100006291A1 US 30771307 A US30771307 A US 30771307A US 2010006291 A1 US2010006291 A1 US 2010006291A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
multiphase
gas
separator
conduit
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Abandoned
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US12/307,713
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Edwin Poorte
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Shell USA Inc
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Individual
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Assigned to SHELL OIL COMPANY reassignment SHELL OIL COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: POORTE, EDWIN
Publication of US20100006291A1 publication Critical patent/US20100006291A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E21B43/36—Underwater separating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0206—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
    • F28D1/022—Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid for immersion in a natural body of water, e.g. marine radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0059—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for petrochemical plants

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream.
  • the gas liquid separator and heat exchanger may be immersed in (sea)water and the heat exchanger may be cooled by the surrounding (sea) water.
  • the driving force for the liquid circulation may be provided by the static head between the liquid level in the separator and the injection point.
  • Particular advantages of the method according to the invention are that any gas carry-under to the liquid stream or liquid carry-over to the gas stream are immaterial, hence no level control is needed.
  • the system may therefore consist entirely of static equipment (i.e. requires no pump, no power, no instrumentation and no controls) and is therefore extremely robust, solids tolerant and of low cost.
  • the multiphase well effluent stream is transported from one or more gas and/or crude oil production wells to the gas liquid separator via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit and the cooled liquid enriched fraction may be reinjected into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit by means of a jet pump, where the multiphase effluent will be the motive fluid. This will cause a minor drop in pressure of the multiphase effluent.
  • the gas liquid separator may be a hybrid cyclonic and gravity separator comprising a substantially vertically orientated tubular separation vessel with a liquid outlet near the bottom of the vessel and a gas outlet near the top of the vessel and a substantially tangential multiphase fluid inlet which is connected to the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a schematic view of assembly for use in the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the assembly of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 depicts a subsea natural gas and/or crude oil production well 1 from which the produced multiphase well effluent stream G+L is transported to a gas liquid separator 2 via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3 , which may be located close to the sea bed 4 .
  • the gas liquid separator 2 comprises a gravity type separation vessel in which a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 5 in which a heat exchanger 6 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid L cold into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3 , which recycled cold liquid L cold cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream G+L cooled that is discharged via an upper outlet 7 of the gas liquid separator 2 .
  • FIG. 2 depicts a preferred embodiment of a gas liquid separator for use in the method according to the invention, wherein the separator comprises a substantially vertically oriented separating vessel 22 into which a multiphase well effluent mixture G+L is fed via a tangential inlet conduit 20 from a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23 , which is connected to a subsea gas and/or crude oil production well 21 .
  • the tangential inlet conduit 20 ensures bulk gas/liquid separation.
  • a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 25 in which a heat exchanger 26 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid L cold into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23 , which recycled cold liquid L cold cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream (G+L) cooled that is discharged via an upper outlet 27 of the gas liquid separator 22 .
  • G+L cooled multiphase well effluent stream
  • the cold recycled liquid L cold is injected into the conduit 23 through a jet pump 28 , which induces the multiphase well effluent stream G+L to suck the recycled cold liquid L cold into the conduit 23 , without requiring a recycling pump and such that the recycled cold liquid L cold is intimately mixed with the multiphase well effluent stream G+L and effectively cools said stream.
  • An advantage of recycling cold liquid into the conduit 23 over arranging a seawater cooled heat exchanger in the conduit 23 itself is that the heat exchanger 6 , 26 in the liquid recycling conduit is a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, which may be about ten times smaller than a gas-liquid heat exchanger that would be required to cool the potentially predominantly gaseous well effluent stream G+L flowing through the well effluent transportation conduit 3 , 23 .
  • An additional advantage is that the multiphase well effluent may contain solids that could risk significant erosion over time on the heat exchanger if it was arranged in conduit 23 . This risk is substantially reduced as the velocity in the cooler 26 is fairly low and it can be arranged such that most of the solids directly leave the separator 20 through conduit 27 rather than be recycled into conduit 25 .
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for cooling a multiphase well effluent stream in an efficient manner at a subsea location, with a compact liquid-liquid heat exchanger 6 , 26 and without requiring additional subsea pumping and/or flow regulating means.

Abstract

A method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream comprises: separating the multiphase well effluent stream (G+L) into gas enriched and liquid enriched fractions in a gas liquid separator (2, 22); cooling the liquid enriched fraction in a heat exchanger (6,26); reinjecting the cooled liquid enriched fraction into the well effluent stream (G+L) at a location upstream of the gas liquid separator (2, 22), thereby cooling the well effluent stream without requiring a gas-liquid heat exchanger to directly cool the multiphase well effluent stream, which may be ten times larger than the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (6, 26) for cooling the recycled liquid enriched fraction (Lcold).

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • The invention relates to a method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream.
  • Such a method is known from OTC paper 17399 “Subsea Gas Compression—Challenges and Solutions” presented by R. Fantoft at the Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, USA on 2-5 May 2005 and from International patent applications WO30/033870, WO03/035335 and WO 2005/026497. The method known from WO2005/026497 comprises:
      • transferring the multiphase well effluent mixture via a multiphase well effluent flowline to a gas liquid separator in which the multiphase well effluent mixture is separated into substantially gaseous and liquid fractions;
        • transferring the substantially liquid fraction into a liquid flowline in which a liquid pump is arranged;
        • transferring the substantially gaseous fraction into a gas flowline in which a gas compressor is arranged;
        • protecting the gas compressor against surge by recirculating a recycled gas stream via a gas recycling conduit through the gas compressor in response to detection of the onset of surge at low inlet flowrate to the compressor.
  • It is desirable to cool the gas prior to compression for reasons of maximizing capacity for a given installed compression power.
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of cooling a multiphase well effluent mixture.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • In accordance with the invention there is provided a method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream, the method comprising:
      • separating the multiphase well effluent stream into gas enriched and liquid enriched fractions in a gas liquid separator;
      • cooling the liquid enriched fraction in a heat exchanger;
      • reinjecting the cooled liquid enriched fraction into the well effluent stream at a location upstream of the gas liquid separator.
  • The gas liquid separator and heat exchanger may be immersed in (sea)water and the heat exchanger may be cooled by the surrounding (sea) water.
  • The driving force for the liquid circulation may be provided by the static head between the liquid level in the separator and the injection point. Particular advantages of the method according to the invention are that any gas carry-under to the liquid stream or liquid carry-over to the gas stream are immaterial, hence no level control is needed. The system may therefore consist entirely of static equipment (i.e. requires no pump, no power, no instrumentation and no controls) and is therefore extremely robust, solids tolerant and of low cost.
  • Optionally, the multiphase well effluent stream is transported from one or more gas and/or crude oil production wells to the gas liquid separator via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit and the cooled liquid enriched fraction may be reinjected into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit by means of a jet pump, where the multiphase effluent will be the motive fluid. This will cause a minor drop in pressure of the multiphase effluent.
  • The gas liquid separator may be a hybrid cyclonic and gravity separator comprising a substantially vertically orientated tubular separation vessel with a liquid outlet near the bottom of the vessel and a gas outlet near the top of the vessel and a substantially tangential multiphase fluid inlet which is connected to the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit.
  • These and other features, embodiments and advantages of the method according to the invention are described in the accompanying claims, abstract and the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 depicts a schematic view of assembly for use in the method according to the invention; and
  • FIG. 2 depicts a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the assembly of FIG. 1.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 depicts a subsea natural gas and/or crude oil production well 1 from which the produced multiphase well effluent stream G+L is transported to a gas liquid separator 2 via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3, which may be located close to the sea bed 4.
  • The gas liquid separator 2 comprises a gravity type separation vessel in which a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 5 in which a heat exchanger 6 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid Lcold into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3, which recycled cold liquid Lcold cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream G+Lcooled that is discharged via an upper outlet 7 of the gas liquid separator 2.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a preferred embodiment of a gas liquid separator for use in the method according to the invention, wherein the separator comprises a substantially vertically oriented separating vessel 22 into which a multiphase well effluent mixture G+L is fed via a tangential inlet conduit 20 from a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23, which is connected to a subsea gas and/or crude oil production well 21. The tangential inlet conduit 20 ensures bulk gas/liquid separation.
  • In the separator vessel 22 a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 25 in which a heat exchanger 26 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid Lcold into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23, which recycled cold liquid Lcold cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream (G+L)cooled that is discharged via an upper outlet 27 of the gas liquid separator 22.
  • The cold recycled liquid Lcold is injected into the conduit 23 through a jet pump 28, which induces the multiphase well effluent stream G+L to suck the recycled cold liquid Lcold into the conduit 23, without requiring a recycling pump and such that the recycled cold liquid Lcold is intimately mixed with the multiphase well effluent stream G+L and effectively cools said stream.
  • An advantage of recycling cold liquid into the conduit 23 over arranging a seawater cooled heat exchanger in the conduit 23 itself is that the heat exchanger 6,26 in the liquid recycling conduit is a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, which may be about ten times smaller than a gas-liquid heat exchanger that would be required to cool the potentially predominantly gaseous well effluent stream G+L flowing through the well effluent transportation conduit 3,23. An additional advantage is that the multiphase well effluent may contain solids that could risk significant erosion over time on the heat exchanger if it was arranged in conduit 23. This risk is substantially reduced as the velocity in the cooler 26 is fairly low and it can be arranged such that most of the solids directly leave the separator 20 through conduit 27 rather than be recycled into conduit 25. It may be desired to cool the multiphase well effluent stream if the stream is separated and/or compressed at a location downstream of the heat exchanger 2,22. The flow capacity for given compression suction and discharge pressures will be higher if the temperature of the compressed gas is lower. Therefore the method according to the invention is suitable for cooling a multiphase well effluent stream in an efficient manner at a subsea location, with a compact liquid- liquid heat exchanger 6,26 and without requiring additional subsea pumping and/or flow regulating means.

Claims (7)

1. A self-controlling subsea system for cooling a multiphase well stream from a subsea production well where a multiphase conduit (3, 23) is led into a separator (2) for separating gas and liquid, and where a liquid recycling conduit (5) extends from the separator (2), and where the system furthermore includes a sea water cooled heat exchanger (6),
characterized in that
the liquid recycling conduit (5) extends directly into the heat exchanger (6) and further directly into the multiphase conduit (3, 23) upstream of the separator (2), such that the equipment exclusively includes static equipment.
2. The self-controlling subsea system as defined in claim 1, further including a jet pump (28), allowing the multiphase well flow to suck liquid from the separator (2), placed inside the multiphase conduit (3, 23).
3. The self-controlling subsea system as defined in claim 1, further comprising that the separator (2) includes a vertically orientated tubular separation vessel (22) with a liquid outlet near the bottom of the vessel and a gas outlet near the top of the vessel, said vessel being supplied with the multiphase well stream through a substantially tangential multiphase fluid inlet (20) from the multiphase conduit (3, 23).
4. A method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream, the method comprising:
separating the multiphase well effluent stream into gas enriched and liquid enriched fractions in a gas liquid separator;
characterized in leading the liquid enriched fraction directly to a heat exchanger (6),
cooling the liquid enriched fraction in the heat exchanger (6),
lead the liquid enriched fraction from the heat exchanger (6) directly into the multiphase well stream,
injection the cooled liquid enriched fraction into the well effluent stream at a location upstream of the gas liquid separator.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the gas liquid separator and heat exchanger are immersed in water and the heat exchanger is cooled by the surrounding water.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the multiphase well effluent stream is transported from one or more gas an/or crude oil production wells to the gas liquid separator via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit ad the cooled liquid enriched fraction is reinjected into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit by means of a jet pump.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the gas liquid separator is a hybrid cyclonic and gravity separator comprising a substantially vertically orientated tubular separation vessel with a liquid outlet near the bottom of the vessel and a gas outlet near the top of the vessel and a substantially tangential multiphase fluid inlet which is connected to the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit.
US12/307,713 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream Abandoned US20100006291A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20063165A NO325979B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 System and method for dressing a multiphase source stream
NO20063165 2006-07-07
PCT/NO2007/000247 WO2008004881A1 (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream

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AU (1) AU2007270185B2 (en)
GB (1) GB2454126B (en)
NO (1) NO325979B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008004881A1 (en)

Cited By (9)

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US20100252227A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2010-10-07 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Subsea cooler
WO2012091779A2 (en) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
WO2013184410A2 (en) * 2012-06-04 2013-12-12 Elwha Llc Fluid recovery in chilled clathrate transportation systems
WO2014154470A2 (en) * 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Separation system using heat of compression
WO2014197567A1 (en) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-11 Shell Oil Company Subsea production cooler
US20160160852A1 (en) * 2014-12-08 2016-06-09 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Multiphase Production Boost Method and System
AU2013274971B2 (en) * 2012-06-14 2017-07-06 Aker Subsea As Using wellstream heat exchanger for flow assurance
US9822932B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2017-11-21 Elwha Llc Chilled clathrate transportation system
US10578128B2 (en) 2014-09-18 2020-03-03 General Electric Company Fluid processing system

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NO328277B1 (en) * 2008-04-21 2010-01-18 Statoil Asa Gas Compression System

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US5591922A (en) * 1994-05-27 1997-01-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for measuring multiphase flows
US6007306A (en) * 1994-09-14 1999-12-28 Institute Francais Du Petrole Multiphase pumping system with feedback loop
US20070131428A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-06-14 Willem Cornelis Den Boestert J Methods of filtering a liquid stream produced from an in situ heat treatment process
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US20100155970A1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2010-06-24 Edwin Poorte Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream

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US3384169A (en) * 1966-05-17 1968-05-21 Mobil Oil Corp Underwater low temperature separation unit
US5044440A (en) * 1989-01-06 1991-09-03 Kvaerner Subsea Contracting Underwater station for pumping a well flow
US5398762A (en) * 1991-02-08 1995-03-21 Kvaerner Rosenberg A.S. Kvaerner Kvaerner Subsea Contracting Compressor system in a subsea station for transporting a well stream
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US20100155970A1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2010-06-24 Edwin Poorte Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream

Cited By (22)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8739882B2 (en) * 2007-06-01 2014-06-03 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Subsea cooler
US20100252227A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2010-10-07 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Subsea cooler
US9127897B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2015-09-08 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
WO2012091779A3 (en) * 2010-12-30 2014-01-30 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
US10627171B2 (en) * 2010-12-30 2020-04-21 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
WO2012091779A2 (en) * 2010-12-30 2012-07-05 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
US20150226361A1 (en) * 2010-12-30 2015-08-13 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
US9303819B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2016-04-05 Elwha Llc Fluid recovery in chilled clathrate transportation systems
WO2013184410A2 (en) * 2012-06-04 2013-12-12 Elwha Llc Fluid recovery in chilled clathrate transportation systems
WO2013184410A3 (en) * 2012-06-04 2014-02-13 Elwha Llc Fluid recovery in chilled clathrate transportation systems
US9822932B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2017-11-21 Elwha Llc Chilled clathrate transportation system
US9464764B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2016-10-11 Elwha Llc Direct cooling of clathrate flowing in a pipeline system
AU2013274971B2 (en) * 2012-06-14 2017-07-06 Aker Subsea As Using wellstream heat exchanger for flow assurance
WO2014154470A3 (en) * 2013-03-26 2015-03-12 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Separation system using heat of compression
WO2014154470A2 (en) * 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Separation system using heat of compression
AU2014243330B2 (en) * 2013-03-26 2017-05-25 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Separation system using heat of compression
WO2014197567A1 (en) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-11 Shell Oil Company Subsea production cooler
CN105339583A (en) * 2013-06-06 2016-02-17 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Subsea production cooler
US10578128B2 (en) 2014-09-18 2020-03-03 General Electric Company Fluid processing system
US20160160852A1 (en) * 2014-12-08 2016-06-09 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Multiphase Production Boost Method and System
US10774822B2 (en) 2014-12-08 2020-09-15 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Multiphase production boost method and system
US10801482B2 (en) * 2014-12-08 2020-10-13 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Multiphase production boost method and system

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GB0902045D0 (en) 2009-03-18
AU2007270185B2 (en) 2010-12-02
WO2008004881A1 (en) 2008-01-10
NO20063165L (en) 2008-01-08
AU2007270185A1 (en) 2008-01-10
GB2454126B (en) 2011-04-20
GB2454126A (en) 2009-04-29
NO325979B1 (en) 2008-08-25

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