US20080001648A1 - Device having temperature compensation for providing constant current through utilizing compensating unit with positive temperature coefficient - Google Patents
Device having temperature compensation for providing constant current through utilizing compensating unit with positive temperature coefficient Download PDFInfo
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- US20080001648A1 US20080001648A1 US11/428,542 US42854206A US2008001648A1 US 20080001648 A1 US20080001648 A1 US 20080001648A1 US 42854206 A US42854206 A US 42854206A US 2008001648 A1 US2008001648 A1 US 2008001648A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
- G05F1/567—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for temperature compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for providing constant current, and more particularly, to a device having temperature compensation for providing a substantially constant current through utilizing a compensating unit with a positive temperature coefficient.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a related art constant current source 100 . As shown in FIG.
- the constant current source 100 includes a band-gap block 110 for providing a constant voltage V BP ; an operational amplifier 120 , coupled to the band-gap block 110 , for receiving the constant voltage V BP and a load voltage V load as a negative feedback to hold the load voltage V load equal to the constant voltage V BP by outputting an output voltage V out ; a current source 130 , coupled to the operational amplifier 120 , for receiving the output voltage V out to provide the load voltage V load and to provide a necessary amount of current to be drained; and a resistor 140 , coupled to the load voltage V load , for transforming the constant load voltage V load into a substantially constant current I const drained from the above current source 130 .
- resistive value (resistance) of the resistor 140 varies slightly when the resistor 140 experiences a temperature variation. This causes a magnitude of the current I const to fluctuate due to a temperature variation and thus makes the constant current source 100 fail to maintain a constant current as desired.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compensating load 200 according to the related art.
- the compensating load 200 includes a resistor 210 and an NMOS transistor 220 .
- the resistor 210 possesses a positive temperature coefficient such that as the ambient temperature increases, the resistive value (resistance) of the resistor 210 increases accordingly, leading to a current flowing through the resistor 210 to decrease.
- the threshold voltage of the NMOS transistor 220 also decreases when the ambient temperature increases, there will be a larger voltage drop across the resistor 210 compared to an original voltage drop across the resistor 210 before the ambient temperature changes. This reduces the current flowing through the resistor 210 , but increases a voltage drop across the resistor 210 .
- this compensating load 200 is able to compensate the current for the temperature variation.
- the related art technique is limited to compensating for a resistor with positive temperature coefficient. Very often, rather than a resistor with a positive temperature coefficient, one needs to compensate for a resistor with a negative temperature coefficient.
- a resistive device in VLSI, can be composed of poly silicon and may possess negative temperature coefficient for a resistive value corresponding to the resistive device. Therefore, in order to stabilize the current flowing through a resistor with a negative temperature coefficient, it is desired to provide a compensating mechanism satisfying this constant current requirement.
- the claimed invention provides a device having temperature compensation.
- the device includes a constant voltage provider for providing a constant voltage; and a compensating load coupled to the constant voltage provider for providing a resistive load to transform the constant voltage into a substantially constant current.
- the compensating load contains a resistor, having a negative temperature coefficient and coupled to the constant voltage; and a compensating unit, having a positive temperature coefficient and coupled in series to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation.
- the claimed invention further provides a device having temperature compensation.
- the device includes a constant voltage provider for providing a constant voltage; and a compensating load coupled to the constant voltage provider for providing a resistive load to transform the constant voltage into a substantially constant current.
- the compensating load contains a resistor, having a negative temperature coefficient and coupled to the constant voltage; and a compensating unit, having a positive temperature coefficient and coupled in parallel to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a related art constant current source.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of a compensating load according to the related art.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a variation of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a variation of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source 300 having temperature compensation according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the constant current source 300 comprises a constant voltage provider 310 and a compensating load 320 .
- the constant voltage provider 310 includes a voltage source 312 and a pass transistor 314 .
- the compensating load 320 includes a resistor 322 and an NMOS transistor 324 .
- the constant voltage provider 310 provides a constant voltage V const1 for the compensating load 320 .
- the compensating load 320 provides an overall resistive value to transform the constant voltage V const1 into a substantially constant current I ref1 , which is substantially constant despite the temperature variation.
- the voltage source 312 holds the constant voltage V const1 to be substantially constant by receiving the constant voltage V const1 as a negative feedback and outputting an output voltage V out1 to the following pass transistor 314 .
- the pass transistor 314 passes the substantially constant current I ref1 and insulates the substantially constant current I ref1 from the output voltage V out1 of the voltage source 312 .
- the pass transistor 314 can be simply implemented by a MOS transistor, a BJT transistor or any circuit possessing the same functionality as mentioned above.
- the resistor 322 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in series with the NMOS transistor 324 , where a gate terminal of the NMOS transistor 324 is coupled to the constant voltage V const1 .
- the NMOS transistor 324 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient.
- a resistive value of the resistor 322 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of the NMOS transistor 324 grows.
- This growth and declination in resistive values can make the overall resistive value of the compensating load 320 substantially constant.
- the compensating load 320 experiences a temperature decrease, the resistive value of the resistor 322 grows and at the same time, the resistive value of the NMOS transistor 324 declines. Again, this growth and declination in resistive values will make the overall resistive value of the compensating load 320 substantially constant.
- the overall resistive value provided by the compensating load 320 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current I ref1 .
- a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of the compensating load 320 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements.
- the gate terminal of the NMOS transistor 324 can also be coupled to the supply voltage V CC as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the voltage source 312 can be implemented by any device whose functionality matches what is required in this variation of the first embodiment.
- the NMOS transistor 324 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by the NMOS transistor 324 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source 400 having temperature compensation according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the constant current source 300 shown in FIG. 3 , the constant current source 400 comprises a constant voltage provider 410 and a compensating load 420 . The operation of the constant voltage provider 410 is similar to the constant voltage provider 310 in FIG. 3 , and further description is omitted here for brevity.
- the compensating load 420 includes a resistor 422 and an NMOS transistor 424 .
- the resistor 422 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in parallel with the NMOS transistor 424 , where a gate terminal and a drain terminal of the NMOS transistor 424 are both coupled to the constant voltage V const2 .
- the NMOS transistor 424 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient.
- a resistive value of the resistor 422 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of the NMOS transistor 424 grows. This growth and declination in resistive values can make an overall resistive value of the compensating load 420 substantially constant.
- the overall resistive value provided by the compensating load 420 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current I ref2 .
- a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of the compensating load 420 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements.
- the gate terminal of the NMOS transistor 324 can also be coupled to a supply voltage V CC as shown in FIG. 6 .
- the voltage source 412 can be implemented by any device whose functionality matches what is required in this variation of the second embodiment.
- the NMOS transistor 424 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by the NMOS transistor 424 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source 500 having temperature compensation according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the constant current source 300 in FIG. 3 , the constant current source 500 comprises a constant voltage provider 510 and a compensating load 520 . The operation of the constant voltage provider 510 is similar to the constant voltage provider 310 in FIG. 3 , and further description is omitted here for brevity.
- the compensating load 520 includes a resistor 522 and a PMOS transistor 524 . The resistor 522 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in series with the PMOS transistor 524 , where a gate terminal of the PMOS transistor 524 is coupled to the ground.
- the PMOS transistor 524 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient.
- a resistive value of the resistor 522 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of the PMOS transistor 524 grows.
- This growth and declination in resistive values can make an overall resistive value of the compensating load 520 substantially constant.
- the resistive value of the resistor 522 grows and at the same time, the resistive value of the PMOS transistor 524 transistor declines. Again, this growth and declination in resistive values will make the overall resistive value of the compensating load 520 substantially constant.
- the overall resistive value provided by the compensating load 520 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current I ref3 .
- a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of the compensating load 520 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements.
- the PMOS transistor 524 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by the PMOS transistor 524 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source 600 having temperature compensation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the constant current source 500 comprises a constant voltage provider 610 and a compensating load 620 .
- the operation of the constant voltage provider 610 is similar to the constant voltage provider 310 in FIG. 3 , and detailed description is omitted here for brevity.
- the compensating load 620 includes a resistor 622 and a PMOS transistor 624 .
- the resistor 622 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in parallel with the PMOS transistor 624 , where a gate terminal of the PMOS transistor 624 is coupled to the ground.
- the PMOS transistor 624 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient.
- a resistive value of the resistor 622 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of the PMOS transistor 624 grows.
- This growth and declination in resistive values can make an overall resistive value of the compensating load 620 substantially constant.
- the compensating load 620 experiences a temperature decreases, the resistive value of the resistor 622 grows and at the same time, the resistive value of the PMOS transistor 624 declines. Again, this growth and declination in resistive values will make the overall resistive value of the compensating load 620 substantially constant.
- the overall resistive value provided by the compensating load 620 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current I ref4 .
- a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of the compensating load 620 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements.
- the PMOS transistor 624 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by the PMOS transistor 624 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region.
- the device having temperature compensation according to the present invention is capable of providing a compensating unit, which has a positive temperature coefficient and is coupled in series or in parallel to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation. Therefore, with the help of the compensating unit, the current passing through the resistor is stabilized.
Abstract
A device, having temperature compensation, includes a constant voltage provider for providing a constant voltage; and a compensating load coupled to the constant voltage provider for providing a resistive load to transform the constant voltage into a substantially constant current. The compensating load contains a resistor, having a negative temperature coefficient and coupled to the constant voltage; and a compensating unit, having a positive temperature coefficient and coupled in series to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation.
Description
- The present invention relates to a device for providing constant current, and more particularly, to a device having temperature compensation for providing a substantially constant current through utilizing a compensating unit with a positive temperature coefficient.
- In many analog integrated circuits, a constant voltage or a constant current source is needed for the operation of the whole circuit. The constant voltage source or the constant current source, therefore, plays an important role and can deeply affect the system performance. Usually, in a constant current source circuit, there is a band-gap block used as a temperature-independent voltage generating circuit to supply a constant voltage which is transformed into current by utilizing a resistive load. Considering no other factors, the induced current is a constant current. Please refer to
FIG. 1 .FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a related art constantcurrent source 100. As shown inFIG. 1 , the constantcurrent source 100 includes a band-gap block 110 for providing a constant voltage VBP; anoperational amplifier 120, coupled to the band-gap block 110, for receiving the constant voltage VBP and a load voltage Vload as a negative feedback to hold the load voltage Vload equal to the constant voltage VBP by outputting an output voltage Vout; acurrent source 130, coupled to theoperational amplifier 120, for receiving the output voltage Vout to provide the load voltage Vload and to provide a necessary amount of current to be drained; and aresistor 140, coupled to the load voltage Vload, for transforming the constant load voltage Vload into a substantially constant current Iconst drained from the abovecurrent source 130. - However, in practice, a resistive value (resistance) of the
resistor 140 varies slightly when theresistor 140 experiences a temperature variation. This causes a magnitude of the current Iconst to fluctuate due to a temperature variation and thus makes the constantcurrent source 100 fail to maintain a constant current as desired. - In a related art technique, the above-mentioned
resistor 140 is replaced by a compensating load that is composed of a resistor and an NMOS transistor that is operated in the saturation region. Please refer toFIG. 2 .FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of acompensating load 200 according to the related art. The compensatingload 200 includes aresistor 210 and anNMOS transistor 220. Theresistor 210 possesses a positive temperature coefficient such that as the ambient temperature increases, the resistive value (resistance) of theresistor 210 increases accordingly, leading to a current flowing through theresistor 210 to decrease. However, since the threshold voltage of theNMOS transistor 220 also decreases when the ambient temperature increases, there will be a larger voltage drop across theresistor 210 compared to an original voltage drop across theresistor 210 before the ambient temperature changes. This reduces the current flowing through theresistor 210, but increases a voltage drop across theresistor 210. Thus thiscompensating load 200 is able to compensate the current for the temperature variation. Nevertheless, the related art technique is limited to compensating for a resistor with positive temperature coefficient. Very often, rather than a resistor with a positive temperature coefficient, one needs to compensate for a resistor with a negative temperature coefficient. For example, in VLSI, a resistive device can be composed of poly silicon and may possess negative temperature coefficient for a resistive value corresponding to the resistive device. Therefore, in order to stabilize the current flowing through a resistor with a negative temperature coefficient, it is desired to provide a compensating mechanism satisfying this constant current requirement. - It is therefore one of the objectives of the claimed invention to provide a device having temperature compensation for a resistor with a negative temperature coefficient to supply a substantially constant current, to solve the above-mentioned problems.
- The claimed invention provides a device having temperature compensation. The device includes a constant voltage provider for providing a constant voltage; and a compensating load coupled to the constant voltage provider for providing a resistive load to transform the constant voltage into a substantially constant current. The compensating load contains a resistor, having a negative temperature coefficient and coupled to the constant voltage; and a compensating unit, having a positive temperature coefficient and coupled in series to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation.
- The claimed invention further provides a device having temperature compensation. The device includes a constant voltage provider for providing a constant voltage; and a compensating load coupled to the constant voltage provider for providing a resistive load to transform the constant voltage into a substantially constant current. The compensating load contains a resistor, having a negative temperature coefficient and coupled to the constant voltage; and a compensating unit, having a positive temperature coefficient and coupled in parallel to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation.
- These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
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FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a related art constant current source. -
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a compensating load according to the related art. -
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a first embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a variation of the first embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a second embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a variation of the second embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a third embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a constant current source having temperature compensation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. - Please refer to
FIG. 3 .FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a constantcurrent source 300 having temperature compensation according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The constantcurrent source 300 comprises aconstant voltage provider 310 and acompensating load 320. Theconstant voltage provider 310 includes avoltage source 312 and apass transistor 314. The compensatingload 320 includes aresistor 322 and anNMOS transistor 324. Theconstant voltage provider 310 provides a constant voltage Vconst1 for the compensatingload 320. The compensatingload 320 provides an overall resistive value to transform the constant voltage Vconst1 into a substantially constant current Iref1, which is substantially constant despite the temperature variation. Thevoltage source 312 holds the constant voltage Vconst1 to be substantially constant by receiving the constant voltage Vconst1 as a negative feedback and outputting an output voltage Vout1 to the followingpass transistor 314. In this embodiment, thepass transistor 314 passes the substantially constant current Iref1 and insulates the substantially constant current Iref1 from the output voltage Vout1 of thevoltage source 312. Thepass transistor 314 can be simply implemented by a MOS transistor, a BJT transistor or any circuit possessing the same functionality as mentioned above. In thecompensating load 320, theresistor 322 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in series with theNMOS transistor 324, where a gate terminal of theNMOS transistor 324 is coupled to the constant voltage Vconst1. TheNMOS transistor 324 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient. Thus, as thecompensating load 320 experiences a temperature increase, a resistive value of theresistor 322 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of theNMOS transistor 324 grows. This growth and declination in resistive values can make the overall resistive value of thecompensating load 320 substantially constant. On the other hand, as thecompensating load 320 experiences a temperature decrease, the resistive value of theresistor 322 grows and at the same time, the resistive value of theNMOS transistor 324 declines. Again, this growth and declination in resistive values will make the overall resistive value of thecompensating load 320 substantially constant. - Therefore, when a temperature variation experienced by the
compensating load 320 remains in a predetermined range, the overall resistive value provided by thecompensating load 320 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current Iref1. Moreover, by controlling a size of theNMOS transistor 324 and the resistive value of theresistor 322, a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of thecompensating load 320 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements. - Please note that according to a variation of the first embodiment, the gate terminal of the
NMOS transistor 324, except being coupled to the constant voltage Vcosnt1, can also be coupled to the supply voltage VCC as shown inFIG. 4 . Additionally, thevoltage source 312 can be implemented by any device whose functionality matches what is required in this variation of the first embodiment. In addition, theNMOS transistor 324 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by theNMOS transistor 324 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region. - Please refer to
FIG. 5 .FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a constantcurrent source 400 having temperature compensation according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the constantcurrent source 300 shown inFIG. 3 , the constantcurrent source 400 comprises aconstant voltage provider 410 and a compensatingload 420. The operation of theconstant voltage provider 410 is similar to theconstant voltage provider 310 inFIG. 3 , and further description is omitted here for brevity. The compensatingload 420 includes aresistor 422 and anNMOS transistor 424. In the compensatingload 420, theresistor 422 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in parallel with theNMOS transistor 424, where a gate terminal and a drain terminal of theNMOS transistor 424 are both coupled to the constant voltage Vconst2. TheNMOS transistor 424 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient. Thus, as the compensatingload 420 experiences a temperature increase, a resistive value of theresistor 422 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of theNMOS transistor 424 grows. This growth and declination in resistive values can make an overall resistive value of the compensatingload 420 substantially constant. On the other hand, as the compensatingload 420 experiences a temperature decrease, the resistive value of theresistor 422 grows and at the same time, the resistive value of theNMOS transistor 424 declines. Again, this growth and declination in resistive values will make the overall resistive value of the compensatingload 420 substantially constant. - Therefore, when the compensating
load 420 experiences a temperature variation and the temperature variation remains in a predetermined range, the overall resistive value provided by the compensatingload 420 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current Iref2. Moreover, by controlling a size of theNMOS transistor 424 and the resistive value of theresistor 422, a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of the compensatingload 420 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements. - Please note that according to a variation of the second embodiment, the gate terminal of the
NMOS transistor 324, except being coupled to the constant voltage Vcosnt1, can also be coupled to a supply voltage VCC as shown inFIG. 6 . Additionally, thevoltage source 412 can be implemented by any device whose functionality matches what is required in this variation of the second embodiment. In addition, theNMOS transistor 424 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by theNMOS transistor 424 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region. - Please refer to
FIG. 7 .FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a constantcurrent source 500 having temperature compensation according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the constantcurrent source 300 inFIG. 3 , the constantcurrent source 500 comprises aconstant voltage provider 510 and a compensatingload 520. The operation of theconstant voltage provider 510 is similar to theconstant voltage provider 310 inFIG. 3 , and further description is omitted here for brevity. The compensatingload 520 includes aresistor 522 and aPMOS transistor 524. Theresistor 522 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in series with thePMOS transistor 524, where a gate terminal of thePMOS transistor 524 is coupled to the ground. ThePMOS transistor 524 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient. Thus, as the compensatingload 520 experiences a temperature increase, a resistive value of theresistor 522 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of thePMOS transistor 524 grows. This growth and declination in resistive values can make an overall resistive value of the compensatingload 520 substantially constant. On the other hand, as the compensatingload 520 experiences a temperature decreases, the resistive value of theresistor 522 grows and at the same time, the resistive value of thePMOS transistor 524 transistor declines. Again, this growth and declination in resistive values will make the overall resistive value of the compensatingload 520 substantially constant. - Therefore, when the compensating
load 520 experiences a temperature variation and the temperature variation remains in a predetermined range, the overall resistive value provided by the compensatingload 520 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current Iref3. Moreover, by controlling a size of thePMOS transistor 524 and the resistive value of theresistor 522, a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of the compensatingload 520 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements. Please note that thePMOS transistor 524 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by thePMOS transistor 524 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region. - Please refer to
FIG. 8 .FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a constantcurrent source 600 having temperature compensation according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the constantcurrent source 300 inFIG. 3 , the constantcurrent source 500 comprises aconstant voltage provider 610 and a compensatingload 620. The operation of theconstant voltage provider 610 is similar to theconstant voltage provider 310 inFIG. 3 , and detailed description is omitted here for brevity. The compensatingload 620 includes aresistor 622 and aPMOS transistor 624. Theresistor 622 having a negative temperature coefficient is coupled in parallel with thePMOS transistor 624, where a gate terminal of thePMOS transistor 624 is coupled to the ground. ThePMOS transistor 624 operates in a linear region or a saturation region and can be viewed as a compensating resistor with a positive temperature coefficient. Thus, as the compensatingload 620 experiences a temperature increase, a resistive value of theresistor 622 declines and at the same time, a resistive value of thePMOS transistor 624 grows. This growth and declination in resistive values can make an overall resistive value of the compensatingload 620 substantially constant. On the other hand, as the compensatingload 620 experiences a temperature decreases, the resistive value of theresistor 622 grows and at the same time, the resistive value of thePMOS transistor 624 declines. Again, this growth and declination in resistive values will make the overall resistive value of the compensatingload 620 substantially constant. - Therefore, when the compensating
load 620 experiences a temperature variation and the temperature variation remains in a predetermined range, the overall resistive value provided by the compensatingload 620 will be substantially constant, resulting in a substantially constant current Iref4. Moreover, by controlling a size of thePMOS transistor 624 and the resistive value of theresistor 622, a temperature coefficient of the overall resistive value of the compensatingload 620 can be adjusted to be slightly positive or slightly negative to meet different kinds of application requirements. Please note that thePMOS transistor 624 can be easily replaced by a BJT transistor, while the same functionality provided by thePMOS transistor 624 is still achieved. In such a case, the BJT transistor preferably operates in a saturation region. - In contrast to the related art, the device having temperature compensation according to the present invention is capable of providing a compensating unit, which has a positive temperature coefficient and is coupled in series or in parallel to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation. Therefore, with the help of the compensating unit, the current passing through the resistor is stabilized.
- Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.
Claims (18)
1. A device having temperature compensation, comprising:
a constant voltage provider for providing a constant voltage; and
a compensating load coupled to the constant voltage provider for providing a resistive load to transform the constant voltage into a substantially constant current, the compensating load comprising:
a resistor, having a negative temperature coefficient and coupled to the constant voltage; and
a compensating unit, having a positive temperature coefficient and coupled in series to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the constant voltage provider comprises:
a voltage source for receiving the constant voltage as a negative feedback to generate a voltage output; and
a pass transistor coupled to the voltage output and the constant voltage for passing the substantially constant current and insulating the substantially constant current from the voltage source.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the compensating unit is a PMOS transistor operating in a linear region or a saturation region.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the compensating unit is an NMOS transistor operating in a linear region or a saturation region.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein a gate terminal of the NMOS transistor is coupled to the constant voltage.
6. The device of claim 4 , wherein a gate terminal of the NMOS transistor is coupled to a supply voltage.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the compensating unit is a BJT transistor operating in a saturation region.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein a base terminal of the BJT transistor is coupled to the constant voltage.
9. The device of claim 7 , wherein a base terminal of the BJT transistor is coupled to a supply voltage.
10. A device having temperature compensation, comprising:
a constant voltage provider for providing a constant voltage; and
a compensating load coupled to the constant voltage provider for providing a resistive load to transform the constant voltage into a substantially constant current, the compensating load comprising:
a resistor, having a negative temperature coefficient and coupled to the constant voltage; and
a compensating unit, having a positive temperature coefficient and coupled in parallel to the resistor, for compensating a resistance variation of the resistor for a temperature variation.
11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the constant voltage provider comprises:
a voltage source for receiving the constant voltage as a negative feedback to generate a voltage output; and
a pass transistor coupled to the voltage output and the constant voltage for passing the substantially constant current and insulating the substantially constant current from the voltage source.
12. The device of claim 10 , wherein the compensating unit is a PMOS transistor operating in a linear region or a saturation region.
13. The device of claim 10 , wherein the compensating unit is an NMOS transistor operating in a linear region or a saturation region.
14. The device of claim 13 , wherein a gate terminal of the NMOS transistor is coupled to the constant voltage.
15. The device of claim 13 , wherein a gate terminal of the NMOS transistor is coupled to a supply voltage.
16. The device of claim 10 , wherein the compensating unit is a BJT transistor operating in a saturation region.
17. The device of claim 16 , wherein a base terminal of the BJT transistor is coupled to the constant voltage.
18. The device of claim 16 , wherein a base terminal of the BJT transistor is coupled to a supply voltage.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/428,542 US7504878B2 (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2006-07-03 | Device having temperature compensation for providing constant current through utilizing compensating unit with positive temperature coefficient |
TW096108944A TW200805030A (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2007-03-15 | Device having temperature compensation for providing constant current through utilizing compensating unit with positive temperature coefficient |
CNA2007101046604A CN101101490A (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2007-05-28 | Temperature compensation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US11/428,542 US7504878B2 (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2006-07-03 | Device having temperature compensation for providing constant current through utilizing compensating unit with positive temperature coefficient |
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Cited By (3)
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CN103345291A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-09 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Constant current source capable of adjusting positive and negative temperature coefficients and adjustment method thereof |
CN109582076A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-05 | 上海晟矽微电子股份有限公司 | Reference current source |
US20230336174A1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2023-10-19 | Infsitronix Technology Corporation | Reference voltage ciruit with temperature compensation |
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CN103345291A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-10-09 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Constant current source capable of adjusting positive and negative temperature coefficients and adjustment method thereof |
CN103345291B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-05-20 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Constant current source capable of adjusting positive and negative temperature coefficients and adjustment method thereof |
CN109582076A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-05 | 上海晟矽微电子股份有限公司 | Reference current source |
US20230336174A1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2023-10-19 | Infsitronix Technology Corporation | Reference voltage ciruit with temperature compensation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101101490A (en) | 2008-01-09 |
US7504878B2 (en) | 2009-03-17 |
TW200805030A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
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