US20070157911A1 - Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation - Google Patents
Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070157911A1 US20070157911A1 US11/330,466 US33046606A US2007157911A1 US 20070157911 A1 US20070157911 A1 US 20070157911A1 US 33046606 A US33046606 A US 33046606A US 2007157911 A1 US2007157911 A1 US 2007157911A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- hose
- crankcase
- engine
- air intake
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/06—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding lubricant vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
- F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
- F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
- F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
- F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
- F01M13/028—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of positive pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S123/00—Internal-combustion engines
- Y10S123/12—Hydrogen
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
A hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation system uses hydrogen to allow crankcase fumes, for example blow-by, to be burned by the engine. The system preferably includes a hydrogen generation system as a hydrogen source connected to an engine air intake by a first hose, a second hose connecting the crankcase to the air intake, and a third hose connecting a fresh air source to the crankcase. An orifice or a vacuum regulator in cooperation with the second hose may be included to regulate crankcase vacuum. A filter may reside inline with the second hose to capture solids or liquids which enter the second hose from the crankcase. A back flow preventor may be included in cooperation with the third hose to prevent a back flow of crankcase fumes through the third hose.
Description
- The present invention relates to reducing emissions from diesel engines and in particular mixing hydrogen with crankcase fumes to facilitate combustion.
- Diesel engines are commonly used in commercial applications such as trucks and stationary engines. These engines typically have much higher compression ratios than gasoline engines, and as a result, a substantial amount of diesel blow-by escapes past the piston rings. Unlike gasoline engines which use a simple crankcase ventilation, the diesel blow-by is generally vented to the outside, and presents a source of unpleasant fumes. The diesel engines typically can not simply vent the crankcase to the engine intake, because the diesel blow-by includes components which will degrade the diesel engine operation.
- The present invention addresses the above and other needs by providing a hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation system which uses hydrogen to allow crankcase fumes, for example blow-by and/or fumes resulting from the breakdown of engine oil, to be burned in the engine. The system preferably includes a hydrogen generation system as a hydrogen source connected to an engine air intake by a first hose, a second hose connecting the crankcase to the air intake, and a third hose connecting a fresh air source to the crankcase. An orifice or a vacuum regulator in cooperation with the second hose may be included to regulate crankcase vacuum. A filter may reside inline with the second hose to capture solids or liquids which enter the second hose from the crankcase. A back flow preventor may be included in cooperation with the third hose to prevent back flow of crankcase fumes through the third hose.
- In accordance with one aspect of the invention, there is provided a hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation system. The system includes a hydrogen generator, a first hose connecting the hydrogen generator to an engine air intake, a second hose connecting an engine crankcase to the engine air intake, and a third hose connecting a fresh air source to the engine crankcase. The engine air intake preferably resides between an air cleaner and a supercharger, and more preferably a turbo charger. The first hose carries hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated in the hydrogen generator to the air intake. A regulator or an orifice cooperates with the second hose to regulate a flow through the second hose and/or to regulate crankcase vacuum. A back flow preventor cooperating with the third hose to prevent a back flow of crankcase fumes through the third hose.
- The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following more particular description thereof, presented in conjunction with the following drawings wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a prior art diesel engine. -
FIG. 2 is an improved diesel engine including a hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation system according to the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a second embodiment of an improved diesel engine including a hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation system according to the present invention. - Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding components throughout the several views of the drawings.
- The following description is of the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention. This description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely for the purpose of describing one or more preferred embodiments of the invention. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the claims.
- A typical known
diesel cycle engine 10 is shown inFIG. 1 . Diesel cycle engines generally use common diesel fuel, but may use other fuels, for example, bio diesel fuel, or the like. Thediesel engine 10 includes anengine block 16 which encloses a crankcase. One or twocylinder heads 17 are attached to theblock 16 and generally contain valves and intake and exhaust ports. Anairflow 15 used in the combustion process enters thediesel cycle engine 10 through anair cleaner 10, passing through anair intake 13 and asuper charger 14, whichsuper charger 14 is preferably a turbo charger. Thediesel cycle engine 10 further includes anoil fill cap 18 on anoil fill tube 20 for adding motor oil to thediesel cycle engine 10. Thediesel cycle engine 10 also includes acrankcase breather 22 with anopen end 24 for venting the crankcase and allowing diesel blow-by and the like to escape the crankcase. - An improved
diesel cycle engine 10 b with a hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation system is shown inFIG. 2 . Thediesel cycle engine 10 a includes ahydrogen source 26 which is preferably a hydrogen generator. Examples of suitable hydrogen generators are well known and described in US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0258049 for “Hydrogen Generator For Use in a Vehicle Fuel System,” U.S. Pat. No. 4,573,435 for “Method and Apparatus for Generating Hydrogen Gas for Use As a Fuel Additive on a Diesel Engine,” U.S. Pat. No. 6,155,212 for “Method and Apparatus for Operation of Combustion Engines,” and U.S. Pat. No. 6,901,889 for “Fumigation System for a Diesel Engine”. The '049 application and the '435, '212, and '889 patents are herein incorporated by reference. - The
hydrogen source 26 is connected to theair intake 13 by afirst hose 28. Afirst flow 30 including hydrogen gas is carried by thefirst hose 28 from thehydrogen source 26 to theair intake 13. Preferably, thefirst flow 30 includes both hydrogen gas and oxygen gas produced by a hydrogen generator from water. The breather 22 (seeFIG. 1 ) is replaced by abreather hose 52,filter 36, andsecond hose 32 connecting theblock 16 to theair intake 13. Theair intake 13 may provide theair flow 15 to the diesel cycle engine through asupercharger 14, or directly to the diesel cycle engine. A supercharge generally provides greater vacuum in thesecond hose 32, but in many cases, the intake manifold vacuum in a normally aspirated (i.e., non-supercharged) engine is sufficient. Thehoses second flow 34 comprising blow-by and other crankcase fumes (e.g., fumes generated by the breakdown of engine oil) and material which previously were vented to the atmosphere through thebreather 22. Thehose 28 andhose 32 are preferably connected to theair intake 32 at spaced apart points. - A
restriction 38 restricts thesecond flow 34, whichrestriction 38 preferably cooperates with thehose 32 or thehose 52, and more preferably resides proximal to the connection point of thehose 32 to theair intake 13. Therestriction 38 regulates (or limits) theflow 34 into theair intake 13. Therestriction 38 may be manually adjustable or may be self adjusting, for example, like a pressure or vacuum regulator, or may, for example, be a fixed size replaceable orifice, a variable orifice, or a clamp to squeeze the outside of thehose 32 or thehose 52 to restrict thesecond flow 34. Therestriction 38 may be used to adjust crankcase vacuum and preferably results in between approximately one pound and approximately four pounds of crankcase vacuum, and more preferably results in approximately two pounds of crankcase vacuum. In general, a larger engine will operate with a higher crankcase vacuum, and a small engine will operate with a lower crankcase vacuum. Therestriction 38 may further cooperate with a vacuum regulator in thefresh air hose 48 to regulate crankcase vacuum. - The
fourth hose 52 and afilter 36 preferably connect between thecrankcase 16 and thehose 32. Thehose 52 preferably connects to theblock 16 where the breather 22 (seeFIG. 1 ) would otherwise connect and thefilter 36 catches any solids or liquids which enter thehose 52. Thefilter 36 may further include a clear body to allow observation of any solids or liquids collected by thefilter 36, and may further include a back flow preventor. - A
second air filter 40 is connected to theoil fill tube 20 by a third (or fresh air)hose 48 and acoupling 46. Theair filter 40 allows athird flow 42 of fresh air to enter the crankcase to support a flow through the crank case and into thehose 32, and/or to help cool the crankcase. Aback flow preventor 44 may reside inline in thehose 48 to prevent blow-by or other fumes, liquids, or solids from escaping thediesel cycle engine 10 a through theair filter 40. Theback flow preventor 44 may further include a vacuum regulator to regulate the crankcase vacuum. The crankcase vacuum is preferably regulated to be between approximately one and approximately four pounds. - While
hoses flows hose 52 and thehose 48 may connect with the crankcase at any suitable point using any suitable connection, and are not limited to connecting through existing connection points. - A second embodiment of an improved
diesel engine 10 b including a hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation system according to the present invention is shown inFIG. 3 . The improveddiesel engine 10 b includes a “T” 50 connecting thefresh air hose 48 to thebreather hose 52. The improveddiesel engine 10 b is otherwise similar to the improveddiesel engine 10 a. - While the invention herein disclosed has been described by means of specific embodiments and applications thereof, numerous modifications and variations could be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention set forth in the claims.
Claims (20)
1. A hydrogen augmented crankcase ventilation system comprising:
a hydrogen source;
a first hose connecting the hydrogen source to an engine air intake, the first hose carrying a first flow including hydrogen from the hydrogen source to the air inlet;
a second hose connecting an engine crankcase to the engine air intake, the second hose carrying a second flow from the crankcase to the engine air intake; and
a third hose in fluid communication with the engine crankcase, the third hose carrying a third flow of fresh air.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen source is a hydrogen generator and the first hose carries hydrogen gas to the air intake.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the first hose carries both hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to the air intake.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the engine air intake resides between an air cleaner and a super charger.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the engine air intake resides between an air cleaner and a turbo charger.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the third hose is connected between a second air cleaner and the crankcase.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the second air filter includes an in-line back flow preventor.
8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the third hose includes an in-line back flow preventor.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the third hose connects to the crankcase through an oil fill tube.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second hose includes an inline filter for collecting liquids which enter the second hose.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the in-line filter includes a clear portion for viewing liquids collected by the in-line filter.
12. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second flow is restricted to limit the amount of flow.
13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the second flow is restricted to result in a crankcase vacuum between approximately one pound and approximately four pounds.
14. The system of claim 1 , further including an orifice for regulating the second flow through the second hose from the crankcase to the air intake.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the orifice resides proximal to where the second hose connects to the air intake.
16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first hose and the second hose connect to the engine air intake at spaced apart points.
17. The system of claim 1 , wherein the third hose includes a vacuum regulator.
18. A diesel cycle engine including a hydrogen augmented crankcase ventilation system, the engine comprising:
a hydrogen generator which generates hydrogen gas and oxygen gas;
an engine air intake residing between an air cleaner and a super charger;
a first hose connecting the hydrogen generator to the engine air intake which first hose carries a first flow from the hydrogen generator to the air intake;
a diesel cycle engine crankcase containing at least one of a set of crankcase fumes consisting of blow-by and fumes resulting from the breakdown of engine oil;
a second hose connecting the diesel cycle engine crankcase to the engine air intake, which second hose carries a second flow of crankcase fumes from the crankcase to the engine air intake;
a third hose connecting a second air cleaner to the engine crankcase to provide a third flow of fresh air to the crankcase; and
a restriction cooperating with the second flow.
19. The system of claim 18 , wherein the third hose includes a vacuum regulator.
20. A hydrogen augmented diesel cycle engine crankcase ventilation system comprising:
a hydrogen generator;
an engine air intake residing between an air cleaner and a turbo charger.
a first hose connecting the hydrogen generator to the engine air intake, which first hose carries hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated in the hydrogen generator to the air intake;
a second hose connecting an engine crankcase to the engine air intake to carry a second flow of crankcase fumes from the engine crankcase to the engine air intake;
a restriction cooperating with the second flow to restrict the second flow;
a third hose connecting a fresh air source to the engine crankcase to carry fresh air to the engine crankcase; and
a back flow preventor cooperating with the third hose to prevent a back flow through the third hose.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/330,466 US7249598B1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2006-01-12 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
PCT/US2007/000998 WO2007082100A2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-01-11 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
CA002635428A CA2635428A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-01-11 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
US11/781,826 US7571719B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-23 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
US11/876,145 US7503319B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-10-22 | Positive crankcase ventilation system T fitting |
US12/537,076 US20100089341A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2009-08-06 | Hydrogen Reactor and Injection System for Augmenting Crankcase Ventilation in an Internal Combustion Engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/330,466 US7249598B1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2006-01-12 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/781,826 Continuation-In-Part US7571719B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-23 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20070157911A1 true US20070157911A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
US7249598B1 US7249598B1 (en) | 2007-07-31 |
Family
ID=38231567
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/330,466 Expired - Fee Related US7249598B1 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2006-01-12 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
US11/781,826 Expired - Fee Related US7571719B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-23 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/781,826 Expired - Fee Related US7571719B2 (en) | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-23 | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7249598B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2635428A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007082100A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009115589A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-24 | Aquafuel Research Limited | Combustion method and apparatus |
US20100064989A1 (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-03-18 | Timothy Huttner | System and method for use with a combustion engine |
EP2326806A1 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2011-06-01 | Serge V. Monros | Pollution control system |
CN110494636A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-11-22 | 托姆热氢氧流动公司 | Two-stroke internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7503319B2 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2009-03-17 | James Richardson | Positive crankcase ventilation system T fitting |
US20100089341A1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2010-04-15 | James Richardson | Hydrogen Reactor and Injection System for Augmenting Crankcase Ventilation in an Internal Combustion Engine |
US7249598B1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-31 | Richardson James M | Hydrogen augmented diesel crankcase ventilation |
JP4720783B2 (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2011-07-13 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Supercharger lubrication device |
JP2009293464A (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-17 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | Blow-by gas recirculating device for engine with supercharger |
US20100032221A1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2010-02-11 | Charles Robert Storey | Electrolysis system for hydrogen and oxygen production |
US8887697B2 (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2014-11-18 | Albert Chin-Tang Wey | Efficient combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in engines |
US10724510B2 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2020-07-28 | Scott Daniel Fleischman | Apparatus and method for gas compression |
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GB2460996B (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2010-08-25 | Aquafuel Res Ltd | Combustion method |
AU2009227030B2 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2014-05-08 | Aquafuel Research Limited | Combustion method and apparatus |
GB2460996A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-12-23 | Aquafuel Res Ltd | Combustion method and apparatus |
GB2460997A (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-12-23 | Aquafuel Res Ltd | Combustion of renewable oils and fats |
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WO2009115590A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-24 | Aquafuel Research Limited | Combustion of renewable oils and fats |
US20110088395A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2011-04-21 | Mcneil John | combustion method and apparatus |
WO2009115589A1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2009-09-24 | Aquafuel Research Limited | Combustion method and apparatus |
US8875685B2 (en) | 2008-03-20 | 2014-11-04 | Aquafuel Research Limited | Combustion method and apparatus |
EA017673B1 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2013-02-28 | Аквафьюел Рисерч Лимитед | Combustion method and apparatus |
US20100064989A1 (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-03-18 | Timothy Huttner | System and method for use with a combustion engine |
US8336508B2 (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2012-12-25 | Timothy Huttner | System and method for use with a combustion engine |
EP2326806A1 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2011-06-01 | Serge V. Monros | Pollution control system |
EP2326806A4 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2013-01-02 | Serge V Monros | Pollution control system |
CN110494636A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-11-22 | 托姆热氢氧流动公司 | Two-stroke internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7249598B1 (en) | 2007-07-31 |
US20080011249A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
WO2007082100A3 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
WO2007082100A2 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
CA2635428A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
US7571719B2 (en) | 2009-08-11 |
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