US20050190728A1 - Apparatus and method for transmitting control information in a mobile communication system - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for transmitting control information in a mobile communication system Download PDFInfo
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- US20050190728A1 US20050190728A1 US11/055,608 US5560805A US2005190728A1 US 20050190728 A1 US20050190728 A1 US 20050190728A1 US 5560805 A US5560805 A US 5560805A US 2005190728 A1 US2005190728 A1 US 2005190728A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G1/00—Mirrors; Picture frames or the like, e.g. provided with heating, lighting or ventilating means
- A47G1/06—Picture frames
- A47G1/065—Interconnected frames; Frame assemblies; Frames for two or more pictures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2628—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA]
- H04B7/2637—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA] for logical channel control
Abstract
Description
- This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) to an application entitled “Apparatus and Method for Transmitting Control Information in a Mobile Communication System” filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Feb. 14, 2004 and assigned Serial No. 2004-9858, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates generally to a mobile communication system. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for transmitting control information in a mobile communication system.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) mobile communication systems developed from a voice based IS-95 standard into a high-speed data transmission based IMT-2000 that also supports voice signal transmission. The IMT-2000 standard provides high-quality voice service, moving image service, and Internet search service.
- In the mobile communication system, various schemes for servicing such information as voice and data are being realized, and a typical one of the schemes is a High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) scheme in a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) communication system.
- Generally, the HSDPA scheme refers to a data transmission scheme, including a high speed-downlink shared channel (HS-DSCH), which is a downlink data channel for supporting high-speed downlink packet data transmission, and its associated control channels. In order to support the high-speed downlink packet data service, an Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) scheme, a Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request (HARQ) scheme, and a Fast Cell Select (FCS) scheme have been proposed. A description will now be made of the HARQ scheme, especially, an n-channel Stop And Wait HARQ (n-channel SAW HARQ) scheme.
- In the HARQ scheme, the following two methods have recently been applied to increase the transmission efficiency of an Automatic Retransmission Request (ARQ) scheme. According to a first method, retransmission request and Acknowledgement/Negative-Acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) are exchanged between a user equipment (UE) and a Node B. According to a second method, a UE temporarily stores defective data and combines the stored defective data with retransmitted data of the corresponding defective data before decoding the data. The high-speed downlink packet data service method has introduced the n-channel SAW HARQ scheme in order to compensate for the defect of the conventional Stop And Wait ARQ (SAW ARQ) scheme. In the case of the SAW ARQ scheme, next packet data cannot be transmitted before an ACK for a previous packet data is received. Therefore, in some cases, a UE should wait for an ACK even though it can currently transmit packet data.
- In the n-channel SAW HARQ scheme, a UE continuously transmits a plurality of data packets before it receives the ACK for a previous data packet, thereby increasing channel efficiency. That is, if each of n logical channels established between a UE and a Node B can be identified by a specific time or its unique channel number, the UE receiving packet data at a specific time can determine a channel over which the packet data was received. Therefore, the UE can take necessary measures such as reordering data packets in their right reception order and soft-combining the corresponding data packets.
- Table 1 and Table 2 below illustrate downlink and uplink physical channels used in a mobile communication system, respectively.
TABLE 1 Downlink Physical Channels Functions DPDCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel CPICH Common Pilot Channel P-CCPCH Primary Common Control Physical Channel S-CCPCH Secondary Common Control Physical Channel SCH Synchronization Channel PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel AICH Acquisition Indicator Channel AP-AICH Access Preamble Acquisition Indicator Channel PICH Paging Indicator Channel CSICH CPCH (Common Packet Channel) Status Indicator Channel CD/CA-ICH CPCH Collision Detection/Channel Assignment Indicator Channel HS-PDSCH High Speed-Physical Downlink Shared Control Channel HS-SCCH High Speed-Shared Control Channel -
TABLE 2 Uplink Physical Channels Functions DPDCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel PRACH Physical Random Access Channel PCPCH Physical Common Packet Channel HS-DPCCH High Speed-Dedicated Physical Control Channel - The downlink physical channels are distinguished using orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) codes.
- In order to support a packet data service with an uplink in a mobile communication system, a similar scheme to the scheme for supporting a packet data service with a downlink can be introduced. Therefore, in order to provide a packet data service in an uplink, it is necessary to transmit packet data of the uplink and control information of the downlink. The control information refers to, for example, “ACK/NACK information.” A scheme for transmitting control information including the ACK/NACK information using the downlink is classified into a scheme for transmitting the control information over an existing physical channel after time multiplexing, and a scheme for transmitting the control information over the existing physical channel after code multiplexing.
- The time multiplexing scheme and the code multiplexing scheme will be described herein below with reference to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , respectively. -
FIG. 1 illustrates a structure of a downlink physical channel for time-multiplexing ACK/NACK information, control information, with data before transmission. The types and functions of physical channels in the downlink have been illustrated in Table 1. Referring toFIG. 1 , the ACK/NACK information which is control information is time-multiplexed to a space generated by puncturing data on a physical channel, before being transmitted. That is, the physical channel includes the ACK/NACK in a partial duration where no data is transmitted, before being transmitted. -
FIG. 2 illustrates a structure of a downlink physical channel for code-multiplexing ACK/NACK information, control information, with an existing physical channel before transmission. Referring toFIG. 2 , a separate physical channel for transmitting ACK/NACK information is generated in addition to an existing physical channel, and the ACK/NACK information is transmitted over the generated physical channel. The existing physical channel and the physical channel for transmitting the ACK/NACK information are separated using OVSF codes, as described above. Also, the physical channel for transmitting the ACK/NACK information can include control information indicating an ACK/NACK information transmission channel. - The time multiplexing scheme illustrated in
FIG. 1 should include the ACK/NACK information which is control information in a partial duration of an existing physical channel, causing a possible loss of data transmitted over the existing physical channel. Although the code multiplexing scheme illustrated inFIG. 2 prevents data loss in the existing physical channel, it requires additional power and OVSF codes for the physical channel generated to transmit the ACK/NACK information which is control information. - It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for transmitting control information for packet data without assigning a separate channel.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for transmitting control information for packet data without a loss of other data.
- It is further another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for transmitting control information without using a separate channel or code, thereby preventing performance deterioration.
- It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for modulating a pattern and phase of a pilot field of a dedicated physical channel in order to transmit control information without requiring a separate overhead.
- In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for transmitting control information for receipt of data in a receiver in a mobile communication system including a transmitter for transmitting data and the receiver for receiving the data. The method comprises the steps of selecting control information according to whether the data is received; and selecting a pilot pattern according to the control information, and inserting the selected pilot pattern in a pilot field of a physical channel as the control information, before transmission; wherein the pilot pattern includes a first pilot pattern used when the control information is transmitted, a second pilot pattern being orthogonal with the first pilot pattern for a second control information, and a third pilot pattern generated by inverting a sign of the second pilot pattern for a third control information.
- In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for receiving control information for receipt of data transmitted by a receiver in a transmitter in a mobile communication system including the transmitter for transmitting data and the receiver for receiving the data. The method comprises the steps of detecting a pilot pattern inserted as the control information from a pilot field of a physical channel transmitted from the transmitter in response to the data; and determining whether the data is received and, if received, whether the received data is defective, based on the detected pilot pattern; wherein the pilot pattern includes a first pilot pattern used when a first control information is not transmitted, a second pilot pattern being orthogonal with the first pilot pattern for a second control information, and a third pilot pattern generated by inverting a sign of the second pilot pattern for a third control information.
- In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for transmitting control information for receipt of data in a receiver in a mobile communication system including a transmitter for transmitting data and the receiver for receiving the data. The apparatus comprises a pilot pattern selector for selecting one pilot pattern from among a predetermined number of different pilot patterns according to whether the data is received and, if received, whether the received data is defective; a pilot pattern inserter for inserting the selected pilot pattern in a pilot field of a physical channel as the control information; and an antenna for transmitting the physical channel; wherein the pilot patterns include a first pilot pattern used when a first control information is not transmitted, a second pilot pattern being orthogonal with the first pilot pattern for a second control information, and a third pilot pattern generated by inverting a sign of the second pilot pattern.
- In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for receiving control information for receipt of data transmitted by a receiver in a transmitter in a mobile communication system including the transmitter for transmitting data and the receiver for receiving the data. The apparatus comprises a channel compensator for performing channel compensation on a physical channel transmitted from the transmitter in response to the data; and a control signal discriminator for detecting a pilot pattern inserted as the control information from a pilot field of the physical channel, and outputting control information corresponding to the detected pilot pattern; wherein the pilot pattern includes a first pilot pattern used when a first control information is transmitted, a second pilot pattern being orthogonal with the first pilot pattern for a secdond control information, and a third pilot pattern generated by inverting a sign of the second pilot pattern for a third control information.
- The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a conventional downlink physical channel for time-multiplexing control information with data before transmission; -
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a conventional downlink physical channel for code-multiplexing control information with a physical channel before transmission; -
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a transmitter for transmitting control information according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a transmitter for transmitting MISS/ACK/NACK information signals as control information according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 6 is a detailed block diagram illustrating an example of a structure of the control signal discriminator illustrated inFIG. 5 ; -
FIG. 7 is a detailed block diagram illustrating another example of a structure of the control signal discriminator illustrated inFIG. 5 ; and -
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a transmitter and a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention - Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the annexed drawings. In the following description, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein has been omitted for conciseness.
- The embodiments of the present invention provide a scheme for transmitting/receiving control information using a symbol/bit phase and pattern of a common pilot channel, instead of transmitting control information using the conventional time multiplexing method in the separate code channel or the existing physical channel. For convenience, it will be assumed herein that three types of control information including first to third control information are transmitted. The first to third control information corresponds to the control information necessary for transmitting uplink packets in an asynchronous mobile communication system. MISS/ACK/NACK can be used as the three types of control information. Therefore, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the foregoing three types of control information. However, other types of control information can also be transmitted without departing from the scope of the present invention. Although an embodiment of the present invention will be described using a downlink channel, it should be obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to an uplink channel. In the following description of embodiments of the present invention, a pilot pattern will be expressed using bits. However, the embodiments of the present invention can also be applied to a pilot pattern configured with symbols.
- A method proposed by the present invention for generating a pilot pattern according to control information includes the following two steps:
-
Step 1 - An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to an existing system in which a pilot pattern configured with N bits (or symbols) in an ith slot is transmitted. An nth pilot bit in an existing ith slot is denoted by pi0(n), and an nth pilot bit in a newly generated ith slot for newly transmitting jth control information is denoted by pij(n). Here, the newly generated pij(n) denotes a pattern which is orthogonal with the existing pilot pattern pi0(n).
- If it is assumed that there are N orthogonal patterns which are orthogonal with the pi0(n), N patterns pi,0, pi,1, . . . , pi,N−1 are generated, and this indicates that N pieces of control information can be transmitted through a pilot field. Equation (1) shows the N patterns generated.
- Among the N patterns generated by Equation (1), patterns pia (where a=1.3. . . . ,2N−3) excepting pi0 are reordered in the order they were generated.
-
Step 2 - A pattern whose sign is inverted is searched from the pilot patterns generated in
Step 1. If a pattern obtained by inverting a sign of the pattern pia is denoted by pia+1, the number of newly generated pilot patterns including the existing pilot pattern amounts to a minimum of 3 and a maximum of 2N−1. This number depends on whether the existing pilot pattern is configured with an appropriate number of bits for generating an orthogonal pattern. - In this embodiment of the present invention, if the foregoing method is used for generating a pattern by which control information will be carried, and there are N orthogonal patterns, then (2N−1) pieces of information can be transmitted. Therefore, a transmitter separately transmits control information pieces with the following patterns according to features thereof.
-
- Control information 0: pi0 (exiting pattern)
- Control information 1: pi1
- Control information 2: pi2 (sign-inverted pattern of pi1)
- Control information 3: pi3
- Control information 4: pi4 (sign-inverted pattern of pi3)
- . . .
- Control information 2(N−1): pi2(N−1)
-
FIG. 3 illustrates a structure of a transmitter for transmitting control information according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring toFIG. 3 , a Node B, receiving information on an uplink packet (e.g., data rate information) from a UE, receives uplink packet data based on the received information and demodulates the received uplink packet data. The Node B determines whether the received packet data is defective according to a result of the demodulation, and generates control information according to the analysis result. The generated control information is delivered to apilot pattern selector 310. It is shown inFIG. 3 that only one control information piece selected from a plurality of control information pieces is input to thepilot pattern selector 310. - The
pilot pattern selector 310 generates a particular signal pi0(n), pi1(n) or pi2(n) according to the input control information. The particular signal, i.e., pilot pattern, can be generated in the manner described above. An output signal of thepilot pattern generator 310 is delivered to apilot pattern inserter 306. - A
data channel generator 300 generates a data channel signal using received data bits, and delivers the generated data channel signal to a multiplexer (MUX) 304. Acontrol channel generator 302 generates a control channel signal using received control information such as Transmit Power Control (TPC) bits and Transport Format Combination Indicator (TFCI) bits. The generated control channel signal is delivered to themultiplexer 304. Themultiplexer 304 generates a channel signal by multiplexing the data channel signal and the control channel signal, and delivers the generated channel signal to thepilot pattern inserter 306. - The
pilot pattern inserter 306 time-multiplexes the pilot pattern provided from thepilot pattern selector 310 with the channel signal. The time-multiplexed channel signal is modulated by amodulator 308, and then transmitted via a transmission antenna. - A first embodiment of the present invention proposes an apparatus and method for transmitting control information using one slot comprising a pilot field of a dedicated physical channel. To this end, this embodiment of the present invention defines pilot patterns which are uniquely allocated to control information pieces. Among the pilot patterns, a first pilot pattern is equal to a pilot pattern for an existing ith slot, a second pilot pattern is one of a plurality of pilot patterns which are orthogonal with the first pilot pattern, and a third pilot pattern is a pilot pattern obtained by inverting a sign of the second pilot pattern.
- With reference to the accompanying drawing, a detailed description will now be made of the structure and operation of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
-
FIG. 4 illustrates the structure of a transmitter for transmitting MISS/ACK/NACK information according to an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a scheme for transmitting MISS/ACK/NACK information using a pilot field of an existing downlink dedicated physical channel (DPCH). The transmitter comprises a dedicated physical data channel (DPDCH)generator 400, a dedicated physical control channel (DPCCH)generator 402, amultiplexer 404, apilot pattern inserter 406, amodulator 408, and apilot pattern selector 410. - Referring to
FIG. 4 , a Node B, receiving information on an uplink packet (e.g., data rate information) from a UE, receives uplink packet data based on the received information and demodulates the received uplink packet data. The Node B determines whether the received packet data is defective according to a result of the demodulation, and generates control information according to the determination. Specifically, if the received data is defective, the Node B generates NACK information for requesting retransmission of the data, and if the received data is error-free, the Node B generates ACK information indicating normal receipt of the corresponding data. However, if it is determined that no data is received, the Node B generates MISS information indicating a failure to receive corresponding data. The generated control information is delivered to thepilot pattern selector 410. Thepilot pattern selector 410 generates a particular signal according to the provided control information. For example, thepilot pattern selector 410 generates pi0(n) if the control information is MISS information, generates pi1(n) if the control information is ACK information, and generates pi2(n) if the control information is NACK information. The pi0(n) is equal to a pilot pattern for an existing ith slot, the pi1(n) denotes a new pilot pattern newly defined such that it should be orthogonal with the pi0(n), and the pi2(n) denotes a sign-inverted pilot pattern of the pi1(n). It is possible to define pi1(n) which is orthogonal with all of (Npilot>2) pi0(n). An output signal of thepilot pattern selector 410 is delivered to thepilot pattern inserter 406. - The
DPDCH generator 400 generates a DPDCH signal using received DCH data, and delivers the generated DPDCH signal to themultiplexer 404. TheDPCCH generator 402 generates a DPCCH signal using received TPC bits and TFCI bits, and delivers the generated DPCCH signal to themultiplexer 404. Themultiplexer 404 multiplexes the provided DPDCH signal and DPCCH signal into a DPCH signal, and delivers the DPCH signal to thepilot pattern inserter 406. - The
pilot pattern inserter 406 time-multiplexes the DPCH signal with the pilot pattern provided from thepilot pattern selector 410. The time-multiplexed DPCH signal is modulated by themodulator 408, and then transmitted via a transmission antenna. - With reference to the accompanying drawing, a detailed description will now be made of the structure and operation of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
-
FIG. 5 illustrates the structure of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention. An embodiment of the present invention provides a scheme for receiving MISS/ACK/NACK information using a pilot field of an existing downlink DPCH. The receiver comprises achannel compensator 500, ademodulator 502, acontrol signal discriminator 504, and apacket channel adjuster 506. - Referring to
FIG. 5 , a reception signal from a transmission side is input to thechannel compensator 500. A DPCH signal in which a particular pilot pattern is inserted can be used as the reception signal. Thechannel compensator 500 performs channel compensation process based on a predetermined channel estimation value. The reception signal channel-compensated by thechannel compensator 500 is provided to themodulator 502 and thecontrol signal discriminator 504. Themodulator 502 modulates the channel-compensated reception signal, and thecontrol signal discriminator 504 checks a pilot pattern inserted in the channel-compensated reception signal, and determines control information to be transmitted through the pilot field based on the check result. A detailed structure and operation of thecontrol signal discriminator 504 will be described in detail later with reference toFIGS. 6 and 7 . The control information from thecontrol signal discriminator 504 is provided to thepacket channel adjuster 506. Any one of MISS/ACK/NACK information can be determined as the control information. Thepacket channel adjuster 506 determines whether to retransmit packet data based on the provided MISS/ACK/NACK information. -
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate different embodiments of thecontrol signal discriminator 504 illustrated inFIG. 5 . Thecontrol signal discriminator 504 illustrated inFIG. 6 includes acorrelation part 600 comprising a plurality of correlators and acomparator 620. Each of the correlators comprise one multiplier and one accumulator. Thecorrelation part 600 comprises a maximum of (2N−1) correlators, and inFIG. 6 , thecorrelation part 600 comprises three correlators, by way of example. Thecontrol signal discriminator 504 illustrated inFIG. 7 includes acorrelation part 700 comprising a plurality of correlators, acomparator 720, and asign discriminator 730. Thecorrelation part 700 comprises a maximum of N correlators, and inFIG. 7 , thecorrelation part 700 comprises two correlators, by way of example. - Referring to
FIG. 6 , an output of thechannel compensator 500 is delivered tomultipliers correlation part 600. The output signal of thechannel compensator 500 delivered to themultipliers
{circumflex over (r)} i(n)=|h(i,n)|2 ·p i,j(n) n∈{pilot field} (2) - In Equation (2), pij(n) (j=0, 1 or 2) is a pilot pattern used in a transmission side and denotes a pilot pattern of control information j corresponding to an nth pilot signal in an ith slot, and h(i,n) denotes a response signal of a fading channel that an nth pilot signal has experienced in an ith slot. In addition, {overscore (r)}i(n) denotes a channel-compensated reception signal that underwent despreading.
- A
first multiplier 602 comprising a first correlator multiplies an output signal of thechannel compensator 500 by pi0(n), and delivers the multiplication result to afirst accumulator 608. Asecond multiplier 604 comprising a second correlator multiplies the output signal of thechannel compensator 500 by pi1(n), a pattern which is orthogonal with the pi0(n), and delivers the multiplication result to asecond accumulator 610. A third multiplier 606 comprising a third correlator multiplies the output signal of thechannel compensator 500 by pi2(n), a sign-inverted pattern of the pi1(n), and delivers the multiplication result to athird accumulator 612. Theaccumulators multipliers accumulators - In Equation (3), N denotes the number of pilot bits, Nstart and Nend denote indexes of a start bit and an end bit of a pilot field, respectively, and {overscore (r)}i(n) denotes a power level of a pilot bit. In addition, k denotes an index designating a particular accumulator. For example, an index indicating the
first accumulator 608 is k=0, an index indicating thesecond accumulator 610 is k=1, and an index indicating thethird accumulator 612 is k=2. - As can be understood from Equation (3), a signal output from a correlator where the same pilot pattern as the pilot pattern used in the transmission side has a value of |{overscore (h(i))}|2·|p|2. However, when the pilot pattern used in the transmission side is not identical to the pilot pattern used in a multiplier of a reception side, the following two cases can be taken into consideration. In a first case where a pilot pattern pi,k used in a kth correlator is orthogonal with a pilot pattern pi,j used in the transmission side, a value of 0 is ideally output from the kth correlator. In a second case where a pilot pattern pi,k used in a kth correlator is a pilot pattern generated by inverting a sign of a pilot pattern pi,j used in the transmission side, a value of the pi,k is output from the kth correlator.
- The output values of the correlators are provided to the
comparator 620. Three types of values, described above, are output from the correlators. Thecomparator 620 compares signal values provided from thefirst accumulator 608, thesecond accumulator 610, and thethird accumulator 612 with one another. That is, thecomparator 620 selects a correlator that ideally outputs |{overscore (h(i))}|2·|p|2 among the values output from the correlators. This is because outputting |{overscore (h(i))}|2·|p|2 indicates that a pilot pattern used in the corresponding correlator is identical to the pilot pattern used in the transmission side. Therefore, as the reception side can determine which pilot pattern was used in the transmission side, it can acquire control information to be transmitted. In this case, the transmitted control information is discriminated as control information j(≠k). That is, an index k of a correlator (or an accumulator) outputting the |{overscore (h(i))}|2·|p|2 is regarded as transmitted control information j. For example, if a signal from thefirst accumulator 608 has a maximum value of |{overscore (h(i))}|2·|p|2, thecomparator 620 outputs MISS which is control information corresponding to an index of thefirst accumulator 608. If a signal from thesecond accumulator 610 has a maximum value of |{overscore (h(i))}|2·|p|2, thecomparator 620 outputs ACK which is control information corresponding to an index of thesecond accumulator 610. That is, l is output as a k value designating thesecond accumulator 610. Otherwise, if a signal from thethird accumulator 612 has a maximum value of |{overscore (h(i))}|2·|p|2, thecomparator 620 outputs NACK which is control information corresponding to an index of thethird accumulator 612. However, when a k value rather than control information is output from thecomparator 620, a separate structure for determining control information is additionally required. - As described above, in a first embodiment of the
control signal discriminator 504, if MISS/ACK/NACK control information (j=0, 1, 2) is transmitted from the transmission side, correlation values for respective pilot patterns are calculated through 3 correlators in thecontrol signal discriminator 504. Thereafter, by determining a pilot pattern used in the transmission side based on the correlation values, the reception side can acquire control information corresponding to the pilot pattern. - Next, referring to
FIG. 7 , an output signal of thechannel compensator 500 is delivered tomultipliers correlation part 700. The output signal of thechannel compensator 500 delivered to themultipliers - A
first multiplier 702 comprising a first correlator multiplies the output signal of thechannel compensator 500 by p*i0(n), and delivers the multiplication result to afirst accumulator 706. Asecond multiplier 704 comprising a second correlator multiplies the output signal of thechannel compensator 500 by p*i1(n), a pattern which is orthogonal with the p*i0(n), and delivers the multiplication result to asecond accumulator 708. Theaccumulators multipliers accumulators - In Equation (4), N denotes the number of pilot bits, Nstart and Nend denote indexes of a start bit and an end bit of a pilot field, respectively, and |P|2 denotes a power level of a pilot bit. In addition, k denotes an index designating a particular accumulator.
- An output value the
first correlator 706 is provided to anabsolute value calculator 710, and an output value of thesecond correlator 708 is provided to anabsolute value calculator 712. Theabsolute value calculators accumulators comparator 720, and the operation of distinguishing between ACK and NACK is performed by thesign discriminator 730. The operation of acquiring control information is divided into two sub operations in this manner is due to characteristics of pilot patterns used to transmit control information in the transmission side. That is, the transmission side uses two pilot patterns which are orthogonal with each other, and a sign-inverted pilot pattern of any one of the two pilot patterns. The orthogonal pilot patterns are distinguished using thecomparator 720, and the sign-inverted pilot pattern is distinguished by thesign discriminator 730. - The absolute values output from the
absolute value calculators comparator 720. Thecomparator 720 compares the absolute values provided from theabsolute value calculators comparator 720 compares the two absolute values and selects a larger absolute value. Based on the selected absolute value, thecomparator 720 determines whether the control information is MISS or ACK/NACK. If the absolute value from theabsolute value calculator 710 is selected, thecomparator 720 determines that the control information is MISS. Otherwise, if the absolute value from theabsolute value calculator 712 is selected, thecomparator 720 determines that the control information is ACK/NACK. If MISS is acquired as the control information, thecomparator 720 outputs the MISS information to thepacket channel adjuster 506. However, if ACK/NACK is acquired as the control information, thecomparator 720 informs thesign discriminator 730 of the acquisition of the ACK/NACK. Being informed by thecomparator 720 that the ACK/NACK was acquired, thesign discriminator 730 checks a sign of the value provided from thesecond accumulator 708. If a sign of the value provided from thesecond accumulator 708 is positive, thesign discriminator 730 outputs ACK to thepacket channel adjuster 506 as control information. However, if a sign of the value provided from thesecond accumulator 708 is negative, thesign discriminator 730 outputs NACK to thepacket channel adjuster 506 as control information. -
FIG. 8 illustrates an operation of a transmitter and a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference toFIG. 8 , a detailed description will now be made of an operation of a transmitter and a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention. - In
step 800, the transmitter determines whether a packet channel processing result indicates transmission timing. The packet channel processing result refers to a determination result on whether packet data is received and, if so, whether the received packet data is defective. If it is determined that the packet channel processing result indicates transmission timing, the transmitter proceeds to step 802. Otherwise, if it is determined that the packet channel processing result does not indicate transmission timing, the transmitter proceeds to step 804. Instep 802, the transmitter selects a pilot pattern corresponding to the uplink packet channel processing result. Pilot patterns corresponding to the uplink packet channel processing result include pi0(n), pi1(n) and pi2(n). The pi0(n) is a predetermined pilot pattern and indicates that corresponding packet data is not received. The pi1(n) is a pilot pattern being orthogonal with the pi0(n) and indicates that received packet data is error-free. The pi2(n) is a sign-inverted pilot pattern of the pi1(n) and indicates that received packet data is defective. Instep 804, the transmitter generates pi0(n) which is a common pilot pattern as an uplink packet channel processing signal. After selecting a pilot pattern instep step 806, the transmitter inserts the selected pilot pattern in a DPCH through time multiplexing, and then proceeds to step 808 where it transmits the time-multiplexed DPCH to the receiver after modulation. For reference, a procedure betweenstep 808 and step 810 is developed on a radio channel. - In
step 810, the receiver receives the DPCH and despreads the received DPCH, and proceeds to step 812 where it performs channel estimation. Insteps step 818, the receiver acquires control information transmitted from the transmitter through a pilot field in the method described with reference toFIGS. 6 and 7 . If MISS information is acquired as control information, the receiver determines that the transmitter has failed to receive its desired packet data. If ACK information is received as control information, the receiver determines that the transmitter has successfully received its desired packet data. If NACK information is received as control information, the receiver determines that packet data desired by the transmitter is defective. Thereafter, instep 820, the receiver retransmits the corresponding packet data or transmits the next packet data according to the acquired control information. For reference, a procedure betweenstep 820 and step 822 is developed on a radio channel. - In
step 822, the transmitter performs demodulation and decoding on the received packet data, and outputs control information corresponding to an uplink packet channel processing result through the demodulation and decoding process. Here, the control information will be any one of MISS/ACK/NACK. Thereafter, the transmitter performssteps 802 through 808 based on the control information. - The foregoing embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to a scheme for transmitting control information (ACK/NACK or MISS/ACK/NACK) using one slot. However, when greater reliability is required, a pilot pattern can be repeatedly transmitted/received over a plurality of slots. Specifically, a transmission side performs demodulation and decoding on received packet data, and outputs control information corresponding to an uplink packet channel processing result through the demodulation and decoding process. The transmission side repeatedly transmits a pilot pattern corresponding to the control information over 3 slots. The next 3 slots are used for repeatedly transmitting a pilot pattern including control information for the next packet. Then a reception side receives control information over 3 slots and generates final control information by combining the received control information, thereby improving reliability of the control information. As an alternative method, the transmission side performs demodulation and decoding on received packet data, and outputs control information corresponding to an uplink packet channel processing result through the demodulation and decoding process. The transmission side generates a pilot pattern corresponding to the control information on a 3-slot pilot pattern basis. Then the reception side receives a pilot pattern over 3 slots, and extracts control information transmitted by the transmission side. Therefore, when the number of bits of a pilot pattern included in one slot is 4, a total of 12 bits constitute one piece of control information, improving reliability of the control information as compared with when one piece of control information comprises 4 bits.
- As another alternative method, a field specified for another use in the existing pilot field is maintained, and only a part of the field can be used for transmission of control information. For example, the above-stated “another use” includes a frame sync word (FSW) used for matching frame synchronization in an asynchronous mobile communication system. Also, a part of the pilot pattern can be used for channel estimation.
-
- Because an operation of the present invention has been described on a per-bit basis, symbols in Table 3 are expressed in terms of bits. In the case of Normal, 0th and 1st bits are regularly configured with (1 1), but 2nd and 3rd bits are changed every slot. In Table 3, the bits which are changed every slot are shaded. The shaded part, serving as an FSW, is a predetermined pattern used for matching synchronization. It is also possible to search for an orthogonal pilot pattern for all of 4 bits, including the shaded part. However, in order to avoid modification of an existing pilot pattern designed for a special purpose, this embodiment of the present invention is applied only to a part of the 0th and 1st bits in transmitting MISS/ACK/NACK. For example, for MISS, the existing (1 1) is used. However, for ACK, (1 0) is defined as a pilot pattern, and for NACK, (0 1) is defined as a pilot pattern, in applying the present invention. In Table 3,
expressions 0 and 1 of a binary signal correspond to +1 and −1, respectively. In this case, thechannel compensator 500 ofFIG. 5 should have an additional function of separately extracting bits defined for a predetermined purpose and pilot bits generated for transmission of control information in a pilot pattern transmitted through a pilot field of a DPCH. This function is equal in principle to an operation of extracting only a pilot pattern from a time-multiplexed DPCH signal, and can be realized by a person skilled in the art. - Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the examples in which MISS/ACK/NACK are mapped to a particular pilot pattern, the mapping relation between MISS/ACK/NACK and a pilot pattern is variable according to operator's choice. In addition, although only MISS/ACK/NACK were used as control information in the embodiments of the present invention, as many pieces of control information as the number of pilot patterns generated according to the gist of the present invention can also be transmitted using a pilot field.
- As described above, the embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus and method for realizing transmission of control information using a new pattern generated from an existing pilot pattern. That is, a Node B transmits an uplink packet channel decoding result using a pilot field of a downlink DPCH, and a UE extracts the uplink packet channel decoding result by extracting a pilot field of a DPCH and performs an ARQ or HARQ operation on an uplink packet channel. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention transmit an uplink packet channel decoding result without a separate physical channel or a data loss of the existing channel, preventing additional consumption of power and OVSF code resources. In addition, performance deterioration of the existing physical channel is prevented in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Finally, because a part of the existing pilot pattern is designed for a special purpose, control information can be transmitted without affecting such the part.
- While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
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KR1020040009858A KR100929091B1 (en) | 2004-02-14 | 2004-02-14 | Apparatus and method for transmitting control information in mobile communication system |
KR10-2004-0009858 | 2004-02-14 |
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