US20040059868A1 - Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus - Google Patents
Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- US20040059868A1 US20040059868A1 US10/668,635 US66863503A US2004059868A1 US 20040059868 A1 US20040059868 A1 US 20040059868A1 US 66863503 A US66863503 A US 66863503A US 2004059868 A1 US2004059868 A1 US 2004059868A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/12—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
- G11B20/1217—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/00007—Time or data compression or expansion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/10527—Audio or video recording; Data buffering arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/18—Error detection or correction; Testing, e.g. of drop-outs
- G11B20/1883—Methods for assignment of alternate areas for defective areas
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/02—Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers
- G11B27/031—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
- G11B27/034—Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals on discs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B27/00—Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/10—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel
- G11B27/102—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers
- G11B27/105—Programmed access in sequence to addressed parts of tracks of operating record carriers of operating discs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F2003/0697—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers device management, e.g. handlers, drivers, I/O schedulers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
- G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/10527—Audio or video recording; Data buffering arrangements
- G11B2020/1062—Data buffering arrangements, e.g. recording or playback buffers
- G11B2020/10629—Data buffering arrangements, e.g. recording or playback buffers the buffer having a specific structure
- G11B2020/10666—Ring buffers, e.g. buffers wherein an iteratively progressing read or write pointer moves back to the beginning of the buffer when reaching the last storage cell
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/20—Disc-shaped record carriers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/20—Disc-shaped record carriers
- G11B2220/25—Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is based on a specific recording technology
- G11B2220/2508—Magnetic discs
- G11B2220/2516—Hard disks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
- G11B2220/40—Combinations of multiple record carriers
- G11B2220/41—Flat as opposed to hierarchical combination, e.g. library of tapes or discs, CD changer, or groups of record carriers that together store one title
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
- Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
Abstract
An information recording method and apparatus and an information reproducing method and apparatus in which AV data can be recorded or reproduced temporally continuously without producing fragmentation. To this end, the apparatus includes a storage unit 7 at least including a management information region and a user data region made up of plural logical blocks, and a recording unit 9 for continuously recording information signals from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block in the user data region of the storage unit 7 and again recording information signals from the recording start logical block.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- This invention relates to an information recording method and apparatus, and an information reproducing method and apparatus for recording/reproducing information signals, such as moving picture data for a recording medium.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- In a filing system for a personal computer for controlling e.g., a conventional hard disc drive (HDD), the main theme has been to handle inherently discrete text data. The result is that, in such file system, such a file is produced in which, due to the recording/reproducing operations, logical addresses are constituted by non-contiguous sectors, thus producing file fragmentation due to recording/reproducing operations.
- Meanwhile, in recording/reproducing temporally continuous AV data, such as acoustic or moving picture data, by an HDD, the continuous data transfer rate is crucial. However, if the file is recorded/reproduced by the above-described file system, the overhead indicating the management information such as recorded sector numbers, is voluminous, due to file fragmentation, thus consuming a lot of time for recording/reproduction to render it impossible to assure the minimum continuous data transfer rate. If it is impossible to assure the continuous data transfer rate, there may arise an inconvenience that the inherently temporally continuous AV data cannot be reproduced temporally continuously.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an information recording method and apparatus, and an information reproducing method and apparatus for recording/reproducing temporally continuous AV data without producing the above-mentioned fragmentation.
- In one aspect, the present invention provides an information recording apparatus including a disc-shaped recording medium at least having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality of logical blocks, and recording means for continuously recording information signals in the user data region of the storage means from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block and for again recording the information signals from the recording start logical block.
- With the present information recording apparatus, information signals are continuously recorded by recording means in the logical blocks of the disc-shaped recording medium.
- In another aspect, the present invention provides an information recording method for recording information signals on a disc-shaped recording medium at least having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality oflogical blocks, including continuously recording information signals in the user data region from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block of the disc-shaped recording medium and again recording the information signals from the recording start logical block.
- With the present information recording method, information signals are continuously recorded in the logical blocks of the disc-shaped recording medium.
- In a further aspect, the present invention provides an information recording/reproducing apparatus including a disc-shaped recording medium at least having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality of logical blocks, recording means for continuously recording information signals in the user data region of the storage means from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block and for again recording the information signals from the recording start logical block, and reproducing means for reproducing information signals stored in the recording means. The recording means and the reproducing means records information signals in the user data region of the disc-shaped recording medium, while reproducing the information signals recorded in the user data region of the disc-shaped recording medium.
- In this information recording/reproducing apparatus, information signals are continuously recorded in logical blocks of the disc-shaped recording medium, while continuously recorded information signals are reproduced.
- In yet another aspect, the present invention provides an information recording/reproducing method including continuously recording information signals from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block on a disc-shaped recording medium having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality of logical blocks, and again recording information signals from the recording start logical block, and reproducing the information signals recorded in the user data region of the disc-shaped recording medium.
- In this information recording/reproducing method, information signals are continuously recorded in logical blocks of the disc-shaped recording medium, while continuously recorded information signals are reproduced.
- In the information recording method and apparatus of the present invention, the information signals are continuously recorded from the logical block of the leading end logical address to the trailing end logical block and are again recorded as from the logical block of the leading end logical address, thus enabling data to be recorded temporally continuously in the user data region. Thus, with the present information recording method and apparatus, continuity of recorded data is assured, there being no risk of fragmentation of recorded data. Since no data fragmentation is produced, the data overhead can be reduced to improve the continuous data transfer rate during reproduction.
- Also, with the information recording/reproducing method and apparatus of the present invention, information signals are continuously recorded from the continuously recorded from the logical block of the leading end logical address to the trailing end logical block and are again recorded as from the logical block of the leading end logical address, while the information signals recorded are reproduced. Thus, with the present information recording/reproducing method and apparatus, continuity of the recorded data is assured, while information signals can be reproduced temporally continuously. Thus, with the present information recording/reproducing method and apparatus, there is no risk of fragmentation produced in the recorded information signals. Also, with the present information recording method and apparatus, since no data fragmentation is produced, it is possible to reduce the overhead of the information signals, thereby improving the continuous data transfer rate during reproduction. In addition, with the present information recording method and apparatus, the user data region of the recording medium can be split into plural regions for recording/reproduction, the frequency of recording can be hierarchized, thus realizing diversified application.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an illustrative structure of an information recording/reproducing apparatus embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a file system housed in a ROM.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view for illustrating the contents of a root area of a file system.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the contents of a TOC area of the file system.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the contents of a defect list area of the file system.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an illustrative structure of an AV cluster stored in the user data region.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view for illustrating the capacity of an AV cluster in each recording mode.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view for illustrating audio data stored in the AV cluster.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view for illustrating a still picture cluster stored in audio data.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual view for illustrating recording/reproduction with twice the capacity of the AV data area and the memo data area in the information recording/reproducing apparatus having two HDDs.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for illustrating the processing on startup of an information recording/reproducing apparatus embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart for illustrating the updating processing for updating a root area in the processing on startup of an information recording/reproducing apparatus embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart for illustrating the updating processing for the TOC area and the defect list area in the processing on startup of an information recording/reproducing apparatus embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart for illustrating the processing for reproducing AV data by an information recording/reproducing apparatus embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart for illustrating the processing for recording AV data by the information recording/reproducing apparatus embodying the present invention.
- Referring to the drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an illustrative structure of an information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1 embodying the present invention. The information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, shown in FIG. 1, includes anantenna 2 for receiving digital data of the Moving Picture Experts Group System (MPEG system), anantenna 3 for receiving analog signals of, for example, the National Television System Committee (NTSC) system, asignal processing circuit 4 for signal-processing digital data and analog data received overantennas host bus 5 as a common bus for information transmission. The information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 also includes aninterfacing buffer 6 for mediating information transmission between thesignal processing circuit 4 and thehost bus 5, a hard disc drive (HDD) 7, having a recording medium for recording the information thereon, and an AT attachment adapter (ATA) 8 for mediating information transmission between thehost bus 5 and the HDD 7. - The
host bus 5 is a parallel transmission line for transmission of the information among various parts of the information recording/reproducingapparatus 1. - The
interfacing buffer 6 mediates transmission of an audio and/or visual digital data stream, referred to hereinafter simply as AV data, between thesignal processing circuit 4 and thehost bus 5. For example, theinterfacing buffer 6 converts the transfer rate of the AV data or adjusts the transfer timing. Thisinterfacing buffer 6 has an internal 2-bank RAM which is made up of two RAMs alternately switched for adjusting information transmission. - The HDD7 is a is a disc apparatus for recording input AV data. The ATA
adapter 8 is interposed between thehost bus 5 and the HDD 7 for conversion between parallel data of thehost bus 5 and the data-format data of the HDD 7. - The HDD7 includes an internal recording medium for recording AV data. On this recording medium is recorded AV data multiplexed by a
multiplexer 19 in accordance with a file system which will be explained subsequently. If loaded with a magnetic disc as a recording medium, the HDD 7 includes a magnetic head for recording temporally continuous AV data on the magnetic disc. - When recording continuous AV data on the magnetic disc, the HDD7 causes the magnetic head to scan the magnetic disc from the outer rim towards the inner rim thereof to follow the tracks formed on the magnetic disc. When data has been recorded from the outermost rim to the innermost rim, the HDD 7 causes the magnetic head to be moved again to the outermost rim to record AV data. At this time, a routine HDD again records the information from the outermost rim after lapse of the time during which the magnetic head is moved from the innermost rim to the outermost rim and the rotational waiting time until the time of reaching the logical block address of initiating the recording. However, with this HDD 7, the rotational waiting time until the recording starting logical block address is set to zero to assure temporal AV data continuity.
- That is, with the magnetic head in this HDD7, the rotational waiting time is set to zero by calculating the position of the logical block address for recording starting arrayed at the outermost rim. That is, if the time for one complete revolution of the magnetic disc is r, the seek time until the magnetic head is moved from the innermost rim to the outermost rim is t, the angle through which the magnetic disc is rotated during this skew time t (skew angle) is θ, the sector number is n and the number of sectors for cone complete revolution is n0,
- θ>t/rX360° (1)
- and
- n=(t/rXn 0)−α (2)
- In the above equation (2), α is the number of sectors of rotation during the time needed for the HDD7 to construe a command from a CPU since the inputting of the command and to set the command in each circuit in the HDD 7. That is, the equation (1) indicates that, if the seek time t is approximately 5 ms and the time for one complete revolution r is approximately 10 ms, the skew angle is approximately 180°, meaning that the recording starting logical block address may be positioned with an offset of approximately 180° from the recording end logical block address. The sector number corresponding to the recording starting logical block address can be calculated by substituting a pre-set numerical value into the equation (2). Therefore, it is possible with the present HDD 7 to record non-interrupted data even in case of temporally continuous recording.
- The information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1 also includes theCPU 9 as a central processing unit for concentrated information processing, aRAM 10 as a volatile memory and aROM 11 as a non-volatile memory. - The
CPU 9 controls a series of operations of the information recording method by the present information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, such as data transfer or control operations for the HDD 7, by software control. The software, starting this series of operations, is recorded in, for example, aROM 11, and is occasionally read out for execution. ThisCPU 9 operates under the reduced instruction set computer (RISC) system such that the CPU is a reduced instruction set computer in which the basic commands are simplified to reduce the number of commands for improving the processing speed. - This
CPU 9 is connected to an actuating input unit, such as a keyboard, not shown, so that it is fed with an actuating input signal from the user. TheCPU 9 is fed with an actuating input signal for commanding the recording and reproduction of, for example, AV data, to control the various portions of the information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 responsive to the actuating input signal. - In the
ROM 11 is stored a file system as a control program as later explained. The file system, stored in theROM 11, is read by theCPU 9. TheCPU 9 reading this file system controls the recording/reproduction for the HDD. - The
RAM 10, connected to thehost bus 5, is a volatile memory for transient data storage. TheROM 11, connected to thehost bus 5, is a non-volatile memory in which pre-set data and the software are recorded. - In the
RAM 10 are stored a root, stored in the HDD 7 during startup and recording/reproduction, and the management information indicating the TOC. This management information is incidentally updated by theCPU 9 during startup and recording/reproduction. - The
signal processing circuit 4 includes atuner 15, fed with signals viaantenna 3 receiving video and audio signals of the analog system, an A/D conversion circuit 16 for converting video signals entering thetuner 15 into digital data, and anNTSC decoder 17 fed with digital system video signals from the A/D conversion circuit 16. Thesignal processing circuit 4 also includes anMPEG2 encoder 18 fed with the video signals converted into baseband signals by theNTSC decoder 17 and amultiplexer 19 of the MPEG system of the digital system. - This
signal processing circuit 4 also includes an A/D conversion circuit 20 fed with audio signals entering thetuner 15 and anMPEG1 encoder 21 fed with audio signals converted into digital signals by the A/D conversion circuit 20. - The
tuner 15 is fed with, for example, NTSC signals received by theantenna 3. Thetuner 15 receives and detects the video and audio signals received by theantenna 3. Thetuner 15 outputs the detected video signals to the A/D conversion circuit 16 while outputting the audio signals to the A/D conversion circuit 20. - The A/D conversion circuit16 A/D converts the video signals from the video input terminal or the
tuner 15 into video data. The A/D conversion circuit 16 also outputs the video data of, for example, the NTSC system to theNTSC decoder 17. - The
NTSC decoder 17 is fed with the video data of the NTSC system from the A/D conversion circuit 16. ThisNTSC decoder 17 expands the input video data to generate baseband signals. TheNTSC decoder 17 outputs the baseband signals to theMPEG2 encoder 18 viaterminal 1 of aswitch 22. - The
MPEG2 encoder 18 compresses the baseband signals from theNTSC decoder 17. At this time, the MPEG2 encoder compresses the input baseband signals into digital data of the MPEG2 system. ThisMPEG2 encoder 18 encodes the input baseband signals at a compression rate specified by theCPU 9 so as to be an integer number multiple of the logical sector of the recording medium. That is, theMPEG2 encoder 18 performs compression so that the maximum data value of the input GOP and/or the I-frame will be data volume equal to an integer number multiple of the logical sector of the recording medium. - The
MPEG2 encoder 18 is fed with baseband signals from anMPEG2 decoder 24 viaterminal 2 of theswitch 22 andterminal 2 of theswitch 26. ThisMPEG2 encoder 18 encodes the baseband signals from theMPEG2 decoder 24 at a pre-set compression rate. - The
tuner 15 outputs audio signals, among the input signals from theantenna 3, to the A/D conversion circuit 20. The A/D conversion circuit 20 A/D converts the input audio signals to audio data. This A/D conversion circuit 20 outputs the audio data to theMPEG1 encoder 21. - The
MPEG1 encoder 21 compresses the audio data from the A/D conversion circuit 20 to output the compressed data to themultiplexer 19. - The
multiplexer 19 multiplexes the video data from theMPEG2 encoder 18 and the audio data from theMPEG1 encoder 21. Themultiplexer 19 compresses the MPEG signals along the time axis to VAVAVA . . . in GOP time units, where V and A are video data and audio data, respectively. Themultiplexer 19 outputs the multiplexed AV data to theinterfacing buffer 6. - The
multiplexer 19 is fed via interfacingbuffer 6 with AV data recorded on a recording medium in the HDD 7. Themultiplexer 19 splits the AV data entering from the interfacingbuffer 6 into video data and audio data. Thismultiplexer 19 outputs the video data obtained on splitting viaterminal 2 to amultiplexer 32 viaterminal 2 of theswitch 34 and to theMPEG2 decoder 24 viaterminal 1 of theswitch 23. Themultiplexer 32 outputs the audio data obtained on splitting to themultiplexer 32 via adelay circuit 33 and to anMPEG1 decoder 25. - The
signal processing circuit 4 includes anantenna 2 for receiving digital data of the MPEG system, a settop box STB 30, a digital I/F circuit 31, themultiplexer 32 and thedelay circuit 33. - The
antenna 2 again receives digital data of, for example, the MPEG system. Thisantenna 2 outputs the received digital data as RF signals to theSTB 30. - The
STB 30 receives and detects the digital data from theantenna 2 at a front end. TheSTB 30 descrambles the scrambled digital data to output the resulting descrambled data to the digital I/F circuit 31. - The
STB 30 is fed from the digital I/F circuit 31 with digital data. TheSTB 30 has an MPEG decoder enclosed therein. TheSTB 30 decodes the digital data from the digital I/F circuit 31, using the MPEG decoder to expand the compressed video data and audio data for conversion to video signals and audio signals. - The digital I/
F circuit 31 has a physical layer/link layer processing circuit and performs signal processing, such as signal conversion, on digital data from theSTB 30, to output the processed data to themultiplexer 32. - The digital I/
F circuit 31 is also fed with digital data multiplexed from the video data and the audio data from themultiplexer 32. This digital I/F circuit 31 outputs the digital data to theSTB 30. - The
multiplexer 32 splits the digital data from the digital I/F circuit 31 into video data and audio data. Themultiplexer 32 outputs the video data obtained on splitting to theMPEG2 decoder 24 viaterminal 1 to theswitch 34 and viaterminal 2 of theswitch 23. Thismultiplexer 32 outputs the audio data to thedelay circuit 33. - The
multiplexer 32 is fed with video data from themultiplexer 19 viaswitch 34 and with audio data via thedelay circuit 33. Themultiplexer 32 multiplexes the input video and audio data to output the multiplexed data to the digital I/F circuit 31. - The
delay circuit 33 adjusts the delay of the audio data from themultiplexer 32. Thisdelay circuit 33 delays the input video or audio data to adjust the time difference between the input video and audio data to output the audio data to themultiplexer 32. - The
delay circuit 33 is fed as input only with audio data among the video and audio data as split by themultiplexer 19. Thedelay circuit 33 adjusts the delay with respect to the video data to output the audio data to themultiplexer 32. - The
signal processing circuit 4 includes theMPEG2 decoder 24 fed with video data viaterminal 2 of theswitch 23, theMPEG1 decoder 25 fed with audio data obtained on splitting by themultiplexer 19, and anNTSC encoder 27 fed with video data decoded by theMPEG2 decoder 24 viaterminal 1 of theswitch 26. Thesignal processing circuit 4 also includes a D/A conversion circuit 28 fed with data encoded by theNTSC encoder 27 and a D/A converting circuit 29 fed with audio data decoded by theMPEG1 decoder 25. - The
MPEG2 decoder 24 is fed viaterminal 1 of theswitch 23 with video data obtained in such a manner that the AV data recorded on the HDD 7 is read out by the data transfer software of theCPU 9 and split viaATA adapter 8,host bus 5 and interfacingbuffer 6 by themultiplexer 19. ThisMPEG2 decoder 24 expands the compressed input video data. Also, theMPEG2 decoder 24 is fed video data viaterminal 2 of theswitch 23 from themultiplexer 32. TheMPEG2 decoder 24 outputs to theswitch 26 the video data obtained on expanding the input video data. - The
switch 23 is controlled so that it is coupled to theterminal 2 or to theterminal 1 when the video data from themultiplexer 32 is entered to theMPEG2 decoder 24 or when the video data from the multiplexer is entered to theMPEG2 decoder 24, respectively. - Also, the
switch 26 is controlled so that it is couped to theterminal 2 or to theterminal 1 when video data from theMPEG2 decoder 24 is outputted to theswitch 22 or to theNTSC encoder 27, respectively. - The
NTSC encoder 27 is fed viaterminal 1 of theswitch 26 with video data decoded by theMPEG2 decoder 24. ThisNTSC encoder 27 compresses the input video data by the NTSC system to output the compressed data to the D/A conversion circuit 28. - The D/A conversion circuit28 D/A converts the video data from the
NTSC encoder 27 into video signals. This D/A conversion circuit 28 outputs the video signals to a video output terminal. - The
MPEG1 decoder 25 is fed with audio data obtained on splitting by themultiplexer 19. ThisMPEG1 decoder 25 expands the input audio data. ThisMPEG1 decoder 25 outputs the expanded audio data to the D/A converting circuit 29. - The D/A converting circuit29 D/A converts the audio data from the
MPEG1 decoder 25 into audio signals. This D/A converting circuit 29 outputs the audio signals to an audio output terminal. - When recording the digital data of the MPEG system received by the
antenna 2 on the recording medium in the HDD 7, thesignal processing circuit 4 outputs the digital data viaSTB 30 and digital I/F circuit 31 to themultiplexer 32. - The
multiplexer 32 separates the input digital data into video data and audio data. Themultiplexer 32 outputs the audio data to thedelay circuit 33. - Also, the
multiplexer 32 outputs the video data viaswitch 34 and switch 23 to theMPEG2 decoder 24. At this time, control is made so that the movable contacts of theswitches terminals - The
MPEG2 decoder 24 expands the compressed video data to output the expanded data viaswitches MPEG2 encoder 18. At this time, control is made so that theswitches terminal 2. - The
MPEG2 encoder 18 compresses video data entered at a pre-set compression rate. At this time, theMPEG2 encoder 18 compresses the GOP and/or the I-picture at a compression rate which is equal to an integer number times the logical sector of the recording medium in the HDD 7. - The audio data delayed by the
delay circuit 33 is outputted to themultiplexer 19 under timing control, while the video data from the m18 is outputted to themultiplexer 19. - The
multiplexer 19 multiplexes the input video and audio data to generate AV data to record the generated AV data on the recording medium in the HDD 7 viaATA adapter 8. Thus, with the present recording/reproducingapparatus 1, MPEG data is recorded in terms of logical sectors of the recording medium asa unit. - Also, when recording analog signals of the NTSC system received via
antenna 3 on the recording medium in the HDD 7, analog signals of the NTSC system are outputted to thetuner 15. - The
tuner 15 detects analog signals from theantenna 3 to output video signals and audio signals to the A/D conversion circuit 16 and to the A/D conversion circuit 20, respectively. At this time, the A/D conversion circuit 16 may be fed with video signals from a video input terminal, while the A/D conversion circuit 20 may be fed with audio signals from the audio input terminal. - The AID conversion circuit16 A/D converts the input video signals into video data which is outputted to the
NTSC decoder 17. - The
NTSC decoder 17 expands the video data from the A/D conversion circuit 16 to convert the video data into baseband signals which are outputted to theMPEG2 encoder 18. At this time, theswitch 22 is controlled to be connected to theterminal 1. - The
MPEG2 encoder 18 is fed viaswitch 22 with baseband signals. TheMPEG2 encoder 18 encodes the input baseband signals into MPEG data at a compression rate specified by theCPU 9 to form video data of the MPEG2 system. TheMPEG2 encoder 18 performs encoding so that the GOP and/or the I-frame will be compressed at a rate of an integer number multiple of the logical sector of the recording medium in the HDD 7. TheMPEG2 encoder 18 outputs the video to themultiplexer 19. - On the other hand, the A/
D conversion circuit 20, fed with audio signals from thetuner 15, A/D converts the audio signals into audio data which is outputted as audio data to theMPEG1 encoder 21. - The
MPEG1 encoder 21 encodes the audio data from the A/D conversion circuit 20 in accordance with the MPEG1 system to output the encoded data to themultiplexer 19. - The
multiplexer 19 multiplexes the video data fed from theMPEG2 encoder 18 and the audio data fed from theMPEG1 encoder 21 to generate AV data. - The
multiplexer 19 records the generated AV data via interfacingbuffer 6,host bus 5 and theATA adapter 8 on a recording medium in the HDD 7. Thus, with the present recording/reproducingapparatus 1, AV data of the MPEG system are recorded in terms of the logical sectors of the recording medium asa unit. - When reproducing the AV data recorded on the recording medium in the HDD7, the AV data stored in the HDD 7 is read out by a data transfer software started by the
CPU 9 in terms of the logical sectors of the recording medium asa unit. It is possible for theCPU 9 to read out AV data stored in the HDD 7 by, for example, various variable speed reproducing modes under software control. - In the present recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, AV data read out from the HDD 7 is entered to themultiplexer 19 viaATA adapter 8,host bus 5 and interfacingbuffer 6. Thismultiplexer 19 splits the input AV data into video data and audio data. - When reproducing the AV data recorded on the recording medium as digital data, the
signal processing circuit 4 outputs the video data from themultiplexer 19 viaswitch 34 to themultiplexer 32, while delay-adjusting the audio data in thedelay circuit 33 to output the delay-adjusted data to themultiplexer 32. - The
multiplexer 32 multiplexes the input audio and video data to output the multiplexed data to the digital I/F circuit 31. The audio data and the video data are entered to theSTB 30 and converted by the MPEG decoder in theSTB 30 into audio and video signals which may be reproduced by variable-speed reproduction, seamless reproduction and non-linear edit reproduction under software control by theCPU 9. - If the AV data recorded on the recording medium by the
signal processing circuit 4 is to be reproduced as analog signals, video data is outputted from themultiplexer 19 viaterminal 1 of theswitch 23 to theMPEG2 decoder 24. - The
MPEG2 decoder 24 decodes the video data from themultiplexer 19 to output the decoded data viaterminal 1 of theswitch 26 to theNTSC encoder 27. - The
NTSC encoder 27 converts the digital data from theMPEG2 decoder 24 into NTSC system video data. TheNTSC encoder 27 outputs the NTSC system video data to the D/A conversion circuit 28. - The D/A conversion circuit28 D/A converts video data from the
NTSC encoder 27 into NTSC system video signals which are outputted to a video output terminal. - The
multiplexer 19 outputs the audio data to theMPEG1 decoder 25, which then decodes the audio data from themultiplexer 19 to output the decoded data to the D/A converting circuit 29. - The D/A converting circuit29 D/A converts audio signals from the
MPEG1 decoder 25 to output the converted signals to an audio output terminal. - Thus, when recording digital signals compressed in accordance with the MPEG system, the information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1 causes theMPEG2 decoder 24 to decode the data while causing theMPEG2 encoder 18 to encode the data at a pre-set compression rate equal to an integer number multiple of the logical sectors of the hard disc for recording. On the other hand, if fed with the NTSC system signals, the information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 causes theMPEG2 encoder 18 to encode the signals for recording. Therefore, in reproducing recorded digital data, recorded digital data can be reproduced simply by specifying the address information of the hard disc using, for example, the data transfer hardware, thus assuring facilitated accessing to the hard disc. Thus, with the present information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, variable readout speeds can be used for reproduction, thus allowing to use a variety of reproducing systems. - In the above-described information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, a compression rate corresponding to an integer number multiple of the logical sector of the hard disc is used for compression by theMPEG2 encoder 18. It is however possible with theMPEG2 encoder 18 to compress data at a plurality of fixed rates. That is, if AV data compressed and recorded on a hard disc is used for editing, the compression rate of 8 Mbps may be used, whereas, it the data is used for SP (standard playing) or LP (long playing), the compression rates of 4 Mbps or 2 Mbps may be used, respectively. If the AV data recorded on the hard disc on the information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 is to be reproduced, the data transfer software may be controlled in theCPU 9 to vary the reading capacity in order to perform reproduction as described above. - The file system stored in the
ROM 11 is explained. FIG. 2 shows an illustrative structure of thefile system 40. In thisfile system 40, the capacity of approximately 14 GB from theleading end LBA 0 up to the trailing end LBA N constitutes an information area. - The
file system 40 has its information area made up of a lead-in region, a first system region, a user data region, a second system region and a back-up area. - The lead-in region is two sectors from the
leading end LBA 0 and represents a rot area. Referring to FIG. 3, this root area stores a start LBA of a table-of-contents (TOC) area, a start LBA for a defect list area, a start LBA for the user data region and a start LBA for a backup region. In this root area, there are also stored a start LBA of an AV data area of the user data region (referred to hereinafter as a recording start LBA), a memo data area start LBA and a start LBA for the audio data area. Thus, the root area stores the split position information specifying the overall structure of thefile system 40. - This root area is made up a
root 1 and aroot 2 and, as fail-safe measure, the same contents are stated therein. - At the trailing end of the root area is stored an A P count which is data incremented each time the root area is rewritten. This A P count is arranged at a position sub-dividing the lead-in region from the system region.
- The first system region is made up of a TOC area of 1534 sectors and a defect list area of 2560 sectors. In the TOC area and in the defect list area, there are stored the management information for AV data recorded in the user data region and a table for managing second-order defects produced in the user data region, respectively.
- The TOC area may be configured similarly to that of a mini-disc (MD) and is composed of PTOC0 to 2 used for moving picture data, PTOC0 to 2 used for audio data, STOC for moving pictures, an STOC for audio, MTOC and TOC reserved as a reservation area for TOC.
- Referring to FIG. 4, the A P count is stored in the leading end LBA of the TOC area, and the split position information and the recording mode information on the information stored in the user data region are stored at back of the A P count. This recording mode information is the information specifying the compression rate, such as the compression rate in the compression system.
- In this TOC area, there are recorded, for every information portion stored in the user data region, the split position information specifying the 4-byte start address LBA and the end LBA and the 1-byte recording mode information.
- Referring to FIG. 5, the A P count is stored in the leading end LBA and a table for managing the second-order defect is stored at back of the A P count.
- Referring to FIG. 2 the user data region is made up of 27249542 sectors and includes an AV data area, a memo data area and an audio data area. The size of the respective areas of the user data region corresponds to the split position information stored in the above-mentioned root area.
- In this user data region, the AV data area, memo data area and the audio data area are arrayed in this sequence from the outer rim side of the disc-shaped recording medium. In the AV data area, memo data area and the audio data area, addresses indicating the leading end LBA is recorded in the root area.
- In the AV data area is recorded compressed AV data. Among data recorded in the AV data area, there are moving picture data compressed in accordance with the MPEG2 system, and data compressed in accordance with the wavelet compression system. Also, in this AV data area, the data are recorded with respective recording modes which will give the compression rate of the MPEG2 compression system equal to, for example, 8 Mbps, 6 Mbps, 4 Mbps and 2 Mbps. In the wavelet compression system, the data are recorded with respective recording modes which will give the compression rate equal to, for example, 8 Mbps and 6 Mbps.
- In the AV data area, mainly the moving picture data and audio data ancillary to the moving picture data are recorded in temporal continuation to its recording start LBA. In this AV data area, data are sequentially recorded as from the recording start LBA and, when the AV data has been recorded in the total area, the AV data is again recorded by overwriting as from the recording start LBA, by way of recording by a so-called ring storage structure. When reproducing the AV data recorded in this AV data area, it is reproduced by temporally continuous reproduction.
- In the AV data area, moving picture data and audio data are recorded with an AV cluster shown in FIG. 6 as a recording unit. This AV cluster is made up of a sequence header code (SH), indicating the sequence layer start synchronization code, a group-of-pictures (GOP) and a sequence end code (SE), and an audio cluster.
- In the AV data area, the compression rate is selected by the
CPU 9 so that the compression rate of the video cluster and the audio cluster will be an integer number times the sector unit, and the video cluster and the audio cluster are compressed by this compression rate and recorded on the recording medium in the HDD 7. This AV data area has 2n sectors subject to selection of the compression rate. - Each GOP is made up of an I-picture, obtained on encoding using an intra-frame prediction, a P-picture, obtained on encoding using an inter-frame forward prediction, and a B-picture obtained using bi-directional coding. In the present embodiment, GOP parameters are set so that M=3 and N=15. That is, in the present embodiment, each GOP is made up of 15 pictures, with the period of the I- or P-pictures being 3. The I-picture has the maximum size of a fixed capacity, with the GOP size also being of a fixed capacity.
- In the audio cluster, audio data corresponding to the GOP is stored. This audio data is compressed and recorded in accordance with the MPEG Audio system or the ATRAC system. The audio cluster is of a fixed size in meeting with a GOP. In the present embodiment, this audio cluster is compressed so that the audio cluster is made up of 24 sectors or 12.288 kB or made up of 36 sectors or 18.432 kB if the cluster is compressed in the MPEG audio system or in the ATRAC system, respectively. The video cluster is compressed with the compression rate being varied in meeting with variation in the audio cluster capacity in order to provide for a fixed capacity of the AV cluster in its entirety.
- The AV data area is recorded in the HDD7 with a variable size depending on the compression rate in association with the recording mode. If the compression rate of the MPEG2 system is 8.184/8.086 Mbps (edit mode), the AV data area in its entirety is 524.288 kB (1024 sectors), with the I-picture being 124.928 kB and the GOP being 512 kB/524.288 kB, as shown in FIG. 7a.
- If the compression rate of the MPEG2 system is 6.089/5.991 Mbps (HP mode), the AV data area in its entirety is 393.216 kB (768 sectors), with the I-picture being 104.448 kB and the GOP being 380.928 KB/374.784 kB, as shown in FIG. 7b.
- If the compression rate of the MPEG2 system is 3.994/3.895 Mbps (SP mode), the AV data area in its entirety is 262.144 kB (512 sectors), with the I-picture being 83.968 kB and the GOP being 249.856 KB/243.712 KB, as shown in FIG. 7c.
- If the compression rate of the MPEG2 system is 1.899/1.800 Mbps (LP mode), the AV data area in its entirety is 131.072 kB (256 sectors), with the I-picture being 43.008 kB and the GOP being 118.784 KB/112.640 KB, as shown in FIG. 7d.
- Of the AV data recorded in the above-mentioned AV data area, only specified AV data selected by an actuating input signal by the user is recorded. The recording format etc of the memo data area is similar to that of the AV data area and is of the ring storage structure in which the data is recorded temporally continuously. The memo data area is usually smaller in capacity than the AV data area.
- In the audio data area, audio data, such as still picture data, is recorded in the memo data area. In distinction from the above-mentioned AV data area or memo data area, the audio data is not recorded temporally continuously and are recorded/reproduced by random accessing.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of the audio data compression system in which the ATRAC system is used as a compression system for audio data stored in the audio data area. The audio data recorded in this audio data area is compressed/expanded in terms of a sound group as a unit and is recorded as a 424 byte data. Since the data is recorded on the HDD7 in terms of 512 bytes as a sector as a unit, the audio data is recorded with the least common multiple of the 424 bytes and 512 bytes as a recording unit. In the present embodiment, the least common multiple of 424 bytes and 512 bytes is 27136, so that the audio data area is made up of 27.136 KB, made up of 53 sectors and 64 sound groups.
- The still picture data stored in the audio data area is compressed in accordance with the Joint Photographic Coding Experts Group (JPEG) system, and is made up of 212 sectors, as shown in FIG. 9, with four audio clusters being stored as still picture clusters. This still picture cluster has a recording unit of 27.136 KB.
- The second system region is constituted as a reserve area and is made up of a CD data area of 20480 sectors and a system reserve area.
- The backup region has the contents similar to those of the above-mentioned lead-in region and first system region, as shown in FIG. 2. This backup area is utilized for fail-safe measures, for example, by directly copying the contents of the lead-in region and the system region.
- In distinction from the lead-in region and the system region, this backup region is designed so that the root area will be the trailing end LBA. That is, in this backup region, the capacity from
LBA 0 to LBA N, for example, is fixed, so that, even if the lead-in region cannot be reproduced by malfunctions, the backup region can be accessed to reproduce the split position information in the recording medium. - The
CPU 9 stores AV data etc in the recording medium in the HDD 7 in accordance with thisfile system 40. Also, theCPU 9 is responsive to an actuating input signal from the user to split the above-mentioned AV data area. At this time, the CPU splits the AV data area and the memo data area responsive to the actuating input signal via theATA adapter 8. The recording format of the AV data area and the memo data area split by theCPU 9 is of the ring storage structure, similarly to the above-described structure, such that, if the data is sequentially recorded from the leading end LBA until the AV data is recorded in the entire area, the AV data is again recorded by overwriting beginning from the leading end LBA. The AV data recorded in this AV data area is reproduced temporally continuously. - Therefore, in tis information recording/reproducing apparatus, plural memo data areas can be provided responsive to the actuating input signal from the user. The recording frequency can be hierarchically arranged by the provision of the plural rings.
- As embodiments of the use of the information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, an AV data area is set as an area for perpetually recording the analog and digital broadcasting programs. Since the AV data area is of the ring storage structure, as described above, it is determined by the recording capacity as set and by the compression rate of recorded AV data, such that overwrite recording occurs after lapse of a pre-set time. For example, if the capacity of the AV data area is for 7 hours of the AV data volume, overwriting recording occurs after seven hours. In the AV data area having the ring storage structure, the AV data which the user desired to keep is erased after lapse of seven hours. However, this inconvenience is evaded by providing a memo data area separately from the AV data area. That is, in the present information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, only AV data which the user desires to keep, among the AV data recorded in the AV data area, is recorded in the memo data area, thus assuring longer recoding than is possible with the AV data area. The reason is that it is possible to reduce the frequency of recording for the memo data area significantly as compared to that for the AV data area. - For example, in the present information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, the AV data area, the first memo data area smaller in capacity than the AV data area and the second memo data area smaller in capacity than the second memo data area are set by an actuating input signal from the user. If an actuating input signal for recording at least part of the AV data in the AV data area is sent, theCPU 9 copies and records the AV data in the first memo data area. If an actuating input signal for recording at least part of the AV data recorded in the first memo data area is supplied, theCPU 9 copies and records the AV data in the second memo data area. - By hierarchically setting the memo data area, it is possible to reduce the frequency of recording for the second memo data area as compared to that for the first memo data.
- Also, when AV data from the
multiplexer 19 is recorded on the HDD 7 by generating and outputting an ATA command, theCPU 9 outputs a control signal to theMPEG2 decoder 24 to control the compression rate, as a result of which AV data recorded on the HDD 7 is encoded for compression at a specified compression rate. At this time, the compressed Av data is of such a data volume in which the maximum value of the GOP and/or the I-frame is equal to a data volume equal to an integer number times the logical sector of the recording medium of the HDD 7, as discussed above. This compression rate is determined depending on the recording mode specified by the actuating input signal from the user. - If the
CPU 9 has N HDDs 7, the capacity of the AV data area and the memo data area may be N-tupled depending on the actuating input signal from the user. Thus, with the present information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, AV data can be recorded temporally continuously not only on a sole HDD 7 but also on plural HDDs 7. If the information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 has twoHDDs AV data area 7 c and that of thememory data area 7 d can be doubled, as shown in FIG. 10. - Also, with the information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1 having N HDDs 7, as described above, the number of the memo data areas can be N-tupled depending on the actuating input signal. By N-tupling the number of the memo data areas, it is possible to increase the depth of the hierarchical structure of the file system. - Moreover, in this information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, the AV data area can be split into an inner rim portion and an outer rim portion of the recording medium in order to effect recording/reproduction in the shape of a letter eight on a sole HDD 7. That is, in this HDD 7, the recording in the shape of the letter eight can be realized by recording the AV data in the outer rim portion beginning from the outer rim side recording start LBA towards the inner rim side recording end LBA, by recording in the inner rim portion beginning from the inner rim side recording start LBA towards the outer rim side recording end LBA and by again recording from the outer rim side on the outer rim side towards the inner rim side LBA. By recording in the shape of the letter eight, it is possible with the present information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 to reduce the seek time of, for example, a magnetic head, to record the AV data temporally continuously without interruptions. - An illustrative operation of the above-described information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1 is hereinafter explained. - If fed with the power from a power source, an initializing operation as shown in FIG. 11 is initiated. That is, in the information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, theCPU 9 manages control at step ST11 to read the A P count along with the split position information stored in a root area in a lead-in region of the HDD 7. - The
CPU 9 also manages control to read the contents of the root area from theleading end LBA 0 andLBA 1 and to reproduce the data beginning from the trailing end LBS to read the contents of the root area in the backup region. TheCPU 9 thus proceeds to the updating processing at step ST12 and thence to the processing at step ST13. This updating processing will be explained subsequently. - At step ST13, the
CPU 9 finds addresses of the TOC area, defect list area and the backup region based on the split position information stored in the root area selected by the above-mentioned updating processing, before proceeding to step ST14. - At step ST14, the
CPU 9 reproduces the TOC area, based on the TOC area of the system region and the TOC area of the backup region, as found at step ST 13, to reproduce the TOC area. Atstep ST 15, theCPU 9 performs updating processing to update the TOC area before proceeding toe step ST16. This updating processing will be explained subsequently. - At step ST16, the
CPU 9 reproduces the defect list area of the system region and the backup region, based on the splitting position information of the root area updated by the processing at step ST12, before proceeding toe step ST17. - At step ST17, the CPU performs the updating processing, now explained with reference to FIG. 12, to terminate the startup processing. The
CPU 9 is then in a standby state. - Referring to FIG. 12, the updating processing at step ST12 is explained. FIG. 12 is a flowchart for illustrating the updating processing of the root area. First, at step ST21, the
CPU 9 compares the A P count of the two root areas in the lead-in region and the A P count of two root areas in the backup region, before proceeding to step ST22. - At step ST22, of the A P counts of the root area in the lead-in region and the A P counts in the root area in the backup region, totalling four A p counts, those having the difference equal to three or more is disregarded, before the CPU proceeds to step ST23. That is, at step ST22, the four A P counts are compared to one another and, if a given A P count differs by three or more from the remaining A P counts, this A P count is excluded.
- At step ST23, it is verified whether or not the A P count in the lead-in region is larger than the A P count in the backup region. If the result is YES, the CPU proceeds to step ST24 and, if otherwise, the CPU proceeds to step ST25. That is, at this step ST23, the root area having the largest one of the A P counts of the plural root areas is selected.
- At step ST24, the larger A P count selected at step ST23 is recorded in the remaining area in a
RAM 10 before the CPU proceeds to step ST25. - At step ST25, only one data updated in the
RAM 10 is left while the remaining data are cleared to terminate the updating processing in the root area. The CPU then proceeds to step ST13. - Referring to FIG. 13, the updating processing at step ST15 and at step ST17 is explained. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the updating processing for the TOC area and the defect list area. The processing shown in this flowchart is similar to that shown in FIG. 12. At step ST31, the A P count of the TOC area or the defect list area in the first system region reproduced at step ST14 is compared to the A P count of the TOC area or the defect list area in the backup region before the CPU proceeds to step ST32.
- At step ST32, the processing similar to that of step ST23 is performed. That is, the A P count stored in the first system region is compared to the A P count stored in the backup region. If the A P count stored in the first system region is larger than the A P count stored in the backup region, the CPU proceeds to step
ST 33 and, if otherwise, the CPU proceeds to step ST34. - At step ST33, the information of the TOC area or the information of the defect list area having the larger A P count is stored in the
RAM 10. At step ST34, the information of the TOC area or the information of the defect list area for which the A P count has been verified to be smaller at the above step ST32 is erased from theRAM 10. The result is that only one information of the TOC area or the defect list area is stored in theRAM 10. - By updating the data stored in the lead-in region, system region and the backup region at the startup time, reliability in these regions is maintained.
- For reproducing the AV data recorded on the recording medium in the HDD7 in the information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, an operating input signal is sent at step ST41 from the user to theCPU 9. The CPU is responsive to this actuating input signal to interpret the sorts of the AV data before proceeding to step ST42. Among the sorts of the AV data, there are, for example, the contents of a picture stored in the user data region. - At step ST42, the TOC area is reproduced from the information stored in the root area acquired in the startup operation, depending on the sort of the AV data acquired at step ST 41 to select the management information of the contents for reproduction depending on the actuating input signal. The
CPU 9 then proceeds to step ST43. - At step ST43, the start LBA of the AV data indicating the contents for reproduction and the LBAs reproduced in continuation to this start LBA are acquired, from the management information of the TOC area selected at step ST42 by the
CPU 9, before theCPU 9 proceeds to step ST44. - At step ST44, the recording mode is acquired from the management information of the TOC area selected at step ST42, before the
CPU 9 proceeds to step ST45. As the recording mode, there is, for example, the information such as the compression system and the compression rate in the compression system. - At step ST45, the
CPU 9 is responsive to the recording mode acquired at step ST44 to send the ATA playback command at a length and an interval in meeting with the recording mode to theATA adapter 8 to start the reproduction before the CPU proceeds to step ST46. TheATA adapter 8 is responsive to the playback command from theCPU 9 to reproduce the AV data stored in the HDD 7 to send the reproduced AV data viahost bus 5 and the interfacingbuffer 6 to themultiplexer 19. The multiplexer splits the input AV data into video data and audio data which are reproduced. - At step ST46, the
CPU 9 verifies whether or not the totality of the information corresponding to the actuating input signal has bee reproduced. If it is verified that the AV data corresponding to the actuating input signal has not been reproduced, the CPU reverts to step ST45 and, if otherwise, the CPU terminates the playback processing to enter the stand-by state. - When the AV data is to be recorded on a recording medium in the HDD7 in the information recording/reproducing
apparatus 1, an actuating input signal is sent from the user to theCPU 9 at step ST51. TheCPU 9 is responsive to this actuating input signal to interpret the sort of the AV data for recording and the recording mode before proceeding to step ST52. Among the sorts of the AV data, there are, for example, the contents of a picture. The recording mode may be exemplified by, for example, the information on the compression system and the information on the compression rate deo the compression system. - At step ST52, the
CPU 9 reproduces the TOC area from the information stored in the root area acquired in the startup operation, responsive tot the sort of the AV data acquired at step ST51 to select the management information depending on the recording contents responsive to the actuating input signal. The CPU then proceeds to step ST53. - At step ST53, the
CPU 9 acquires the recording start LBA from the management information of the TOC area obtained on selection at step ST52, before proceeding to step ST54. - At step ST54, the
CPU 9 generates and outputs an ATA recording command corresponding to the recording mode obtained at step ST51 before proceeding to step ST55. - At this time, the
ATA adapter 8 is fed with the ATA recording command from theCPU 9 and with the AV data for recording from themultiplexer 19. TheATA adapter 8 outputs to the HDD 7 the signals and AV data in meeting with the ATA recording command. - It is also possible for the
CPU 19 to generate control signals for controlling the compression rate at the time of compressing the information signals by theMPEG2 encoder 18, responsive to the recoding mode obtained at step ST51 to send the generated control signals viahost bus 5, interfacingbuffer 6 andmultiplexer 19 to themultiplexer 19. - At step ST55, the
CPU 9 updates thefile system 40 stored in theRAM 10 responsive to the contents newly recorded in the user data region of the recording medium of the HDD 7 at the above step ST54. That is, at this step ST55, the TOC area, stating the contents of the AV data recorded in the user data region, the recording mode at the time the contents are recorded, the recording start LBA and the recording end LBA, is updated, before the CPU proceeds to step ST56. - At step ST56, the
CPU 9 verifies whether or not the totality of the AV data supplied from themultiplexer 19 has been recorded on the recording medium of the HDD 7. If the result at step ST56 is NO, the CPU reverts to step ST44 to record the remaining AV data. If the result at step ST56 is YES, the CPU proceeds to step ST57. - Since the
CPU 9 has updated the contents of the TOC area at step ST55, theCPU 9 at step ST57 increments the A P count stored in the TOC area stored in theRAM 10. TheCPU 9 then proceeds to step ST58. - At step ST58, the
CPU 9 records the information of the TOC area stored in theRAM 10 in the TOC area in the system region of the HDD 7 before proceeding to step ST59. - At step ST59, the
CPU 9 records the information in the TOC area stored in the in the system region recorded at step ST58 directly in the TOC area in the backup region to terminate the recording operation to enter the stand-by state. - Thus, with the above-described recoding processing, the AV data is recorded in the user data region, while the information of the TOC area, varied by recording the AV data, is recorded in the
RAM 10 and in the TOC area in the system region and in the backup region. It is possible with the above-described information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 to record and reproduce the AV data simultaneously. Thus, it is possible with the present information recording/reproducingapparatus 1 to record AV data in both the AV data area and in the memo data area, as the AV data recorded in the AV data area is reproduced, if the the AV data area and the memo data area are set in recording and/or reproduction. Also, in this information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, the AV data may be recorded in the AV data area or in the memo data area as the AV data recorded in the AV data area is reproduced. Moreover, in the present information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, AV data may be recorded only in the AV data area, as the AV data area recorded in the memo data area is reproduced, the AV data may be recorded only in the AV data area, or the AV data may be recorded only in the memo data area. That is, in the information recording/reproducingapparatus 1, plural memo data areas may be set responsive to the actuating input signal from the user, and the AV data area and the memo data areas may be recorded or reproduced optionally.
Claims (21)
1. An information recording apparatus comprising:
a disc-shaped recording medium at least having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality of logical blocks; and
recording means for continuously recording information signals in said user data region of said storage means from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block and for again recording the information signals from the recording start logical block.
2. The information recording apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said recording means includes
splitting means for splitting a user data region of said disc-shaped recording medium into a plurality of data areas, continuously recording information signals from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block from one data area to another and again recording the information signals from the recording start logical block.
3. The information recording apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said recording means includes
control means for varying the frequency of recording of said recording areas to record information signals.
4. The information recording apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said control means includes recording means for recording at least a portion of information signals recorded in a first data area among said plural data areas in data areas other than said first data area.
5. The information recording apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said recording means when recording information signals recorded in said first data area in certain ones of said plural data areas vary the compression rate of the information signals for doing the recording.
6. The information recording apparatus according to claim 2 wherein there are provided n disc-shaped recording mediums and wherein
said recording means includes means for splitting said data areas as the capacity of the user data region of said disc-shaped recording medium is n-tupled responsive to an actuation command of said actuation input means.
7. The information recording apparatus according to claim 2 wherein there are provided n disc-shaped recording mediums and wherein
said recording means includes splitting means for splitting the user data region of each disc-shaped recording medium into m data areas responsive to an actuation command of said actuation input means for splitting into n X m data areas.
8. The information recording apparatus according to claim 1 wherein, if the time for one complete revolution of the disc-shaped recording medium is r, the seek time required for the recording means to move from the innermost rim to the outermost rim of the disc-shaped recording medium is t and the angle of rotation for the seek time t is θ, the recording start logical block and the recording end logical block are positioned with a phase offset to meet the relation θ>t/rX360°.
9. The information recording apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said recording means splits each data area into at least two regions, that is an outer rim side region and an inner rim side region of said disc-shaped recording medium, and wherein said recording means records information signals in said outer rim side region from an outer/inner rim side recording start logical block to an inner/outer rim side recording end logical block, said recording means recording information signals in said inner rim side area from the inner/outer rim side recording start logical block to an outer/inner rim side recording end logical block.
10. An information recording method for recording information signals on a disc-shaped recording medium at least having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality of logical blocks, comprising:
continuously recording information signals in said user data region from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block of the disc-shaped recording medium and for again recording the information signals from the recording start logical block.
11. The information recording method according to claim 10 wherein said recording step includes
splitting the user data region into a plurality of data areas; and
continuously recording information signals in each data area as from the recording start logical block to the recording end logical block of said disc-shaped recording medium and again recording information signals as from the recording start logical block.
12. The information recording method according to claim 11 wherein said recording step includes recording at least a portion of information signals recorded in a first data area among said plural data areas in data areas other than said first data area.
13. The information recording method according to claim 11 wherein said recording step includes controlling the frequency of recording of the information signals in each data area to hierarchize the recording durability from one data area to another.
14. The information recording method according to claim 10 wherein said user area region has a recording start logical block arrayed at a position corresponding to the time required for movement from a position of the recording start logical block to a recording end logical block.
15. The information recording method according to claim 11 wherein, when recording information signals on n disc-shaped recording mediums, said recording step includes n-tupling the capacity of the user data region of said disc-shaped recording medium for doing the recording.
16. The information recording method according to claim 11 wherein, when recording information signals on n disc-shaped recording mediums, said recording step includes splitting the user data region of each disc-shaped recording medium into m data areas for splitting into n X m data areas for doing the recording.
17. The information recording method according to claim 10 wherein said recording step includes splitting each data area into at least two regions, namely an outer rim side region and an inner rim side region; and
recording information signals in an outer rim side region from an outer/inner rim side recording start logical block to an inner/outer rim side recording end logical block and also recording information signals in an inner rim side region from an inner/outer rim side recording start logical block to an outer/inner rim side recording end logical block.
18. An information recording/reproducing apparatus comprising:
a disc-shaped recording medium at least having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality of logical blocks;
recording means for continuously recording information signals in said user data region of said storage means from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block and for again recording the information signals from the recording start logical block; and
reproducing means for reproducing information signals stored in said recording means;
said recording means and the reproducing means recording information signals in the user data region of said disc-shaped recording medium and reproducing the information signals recorded in the user data region of the disc-shaped recording medium.
19. The information recording/reproducing apparatus according to claim 18 wherein said recording means includes
splitting means for splitting the user data region of said disc-shaped recording medium into a plurality of data areas.
20. An information recording/reproducing method comprising:
continuously recording information signals from a recording start logical block to a recording end logical block on a disc-shaped recording medium having a management information region and a user data region made up of a plurality of logical blocks, and again recording information from the recording start logical block; and
reproducing the information signals recorded in the user data region of the disc-shaped recording medium.
21. The information recording/reproducing method according to claim 20 further comprising:
splitting the user data region of said disc-shaped recording medium into a plurality of data areas; and
recording information s in said data area while reproducing information signals recorded in the user data region of the disc-shaped recording medium.
Priority Applications (2)
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US10/668,635 US20040059868A1 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 2003-09-23 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
US11/810,765 US7426615B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 2007-06-07 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
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JP05249298A JP4228407B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 1998-03-04 | Information recording apparatus and information recording method |
US09/261,335 US6813681B1 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 1999-03-03 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
US10/668,635 US20040059868A1 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 2003-09-23 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
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US09/261,335 Continuation US6813681B1 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 1999-03-03 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
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US11/810,765 Division US7426615B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 2007-06-07 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
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US10/668,635 Abandoned US20040059868A1 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 2003-09-23 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
US11/810,765 Expired - Fee Related US7426615B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 2007-06-07 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
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US11/810,765 Expired - Fee Related US7426615B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 | 2007-06-07 | Information recording method and apparatus, information reproducing method and apparatus |
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JP (1) | JP4228407B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100630244B1 (en) |
CN (3) | CN1147851C (en) |
MY (1) | MY125614A (en) |
SG (1) | SG87794A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW419652B (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100630244B1 (en) | 2006-10-02 |
TW419652B (en) | 2001-01-21 |
US6813681B1 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
US7426615B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 |
SG87794A1 (en) | 2002-04-16 |
MY125614A (en) | 2006-08-30 |
JP4228407B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
CN1147851C (en) | 2004-04-28 |
CN1873813A (en) | 2006-12-06 |
CN1873813B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
CN1233051A (en) | 1999-10-27 |
US20070245078A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
CN1495774A (en) | 2004-05-12 |
KR19990077591A (en) | 1999-10-25 |
CN1495774B (en) | 2010-06-23 |
JPH11250585A (en) | 1999-09-17 |
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