EP2028307A1 - Method and device for placing a unidirectional thread ply on a longitudinal conveyor, method for laying weft threads on warp knitting machines, warp knitting machine and multi-axis machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The unidirectional thread application process is for laying threads on two longitudinal conveyors spaced out from each other, with fixing hooks (3, 4) for the endless thread supplied by feeders for laying in a unidirectional layer. There is a feeder (10, 11) for each conveyor (1, 2), moving two-dimensionally in movement plane running in laying plane.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for applying a unidirectional layer of threads on two longitudinal conveyor according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for presenting weft threads to warp knitting machines according to the preamble of claim 5 and an apparatus for applying a unidirectional layer of threads according to the preamble of claim 15.

Methods and devices of this kind are state of the art. A typical application is the presentation of weft threads on warp knitting machines. In this case, the weft threads arranged individually or in groups are laid parallel to one another and running perpendicular to the longitudinal conveyors and fed to the knitting machines of the warp knitting machine. There is the forking with the additional warp threads and ggs. existing standing threads. Between the individual weft threads or weft thread groups, the distance can be set and varied in a targeted manner in order to realize a desired pattern repeat. Examples of this first application show the DE 36 41 640 C1 and DE 199 57 019 C2 ,

Another important application is the construction of multi-axial on multi-axial machines. Here, successively several unidirectional layers of threads between the two longitudinal conveyors are stored one above the other. The result is a band, strip or web-shaped unidirectional scrim, which is fed by the longitudinal conveyors of a connection station in which the superimposed unidirectional layers are interconnected, for example by Forking, sewing or needles. Examples of the production of Multiaxialgelegen show the DE 197 26 831 C5 and the DE 102 07 317 C1 ,

The multiaxial sheets produced in this way are of great importance in the production of fiber composite materials. Here, the produced Multiaxialgelege be integrated as reinforcement in a matrix, the polymeric systems, especially polyester and epoxy resins are in the foreground. For the individual unidirectional layers are mainly threads of carbon, glass, ceramic, but also synthetic fibers such as aramid fibers or polyamide fibers in question. The threads are also referred to as fibers or cables; they are composed of individual filaments and can differ considerably not only in terms of the material, but also in terms of their diameter and the number of filaments that make them up. As a result, different mechanical properties arise, which must already be taken into account when depositing a thread layer and when fastening it to the longitudinal conveyors of the multi-axial machine.

In the case of multiaxial machines, the threads are deposited transversely to the longitudinal conveyors, whereby the term "transversely" can mean a course of the threads perpendicular or oblique to the transport direction of the longitudinal conveyors. Again, the threads can be stored individually or as a group of threads, so in groups. As a longitudinal conveyor transport chains are especially common where attachment hooks are as holding elements for the threads. The term "fastening hook" encloses all the usual suitable for the endless filing of filaments holding devices, including needles or pins. The fastening hooks are arranged at regular intervals on the longitudinal conveyors, whereby arrangements with two or more longitudinal rows of fastening hooks are known, cf. again the DE 102 07 317 C1 ,

In the case of the endless laying assumed here, the threads are withdrawn from a supply of the threads as endless threads and fed to the longitudinal conveyors. The supply can be a single coil or a creel. In this case, the prior art driven coils or loose coils with thread brake have been considered equally. For this is also the Designation positive or negative deduction usual. For transporting the threads to the longitudinal conveyor and for attachment to the mounting hooks listed in the preamble of claims 1 and 16 serve feeder. The term "feeder" also includes the yarn guides and offset rakes known in the art.

In the continuous laying of threads to a unidirectional position between two longitudinal conveyors the offset is of particular importance. The usual yarn guides, for which other terms such as wagons or thread layers are customary, initially have the task to introduce the threads to the moving longitudinal conveyor. For this purpose, they periodically move transversely between the longitudinal conveyors and also back and forth over the longitudinal conveyors. When the thread guide has reached the inflection point of its trajectory and the threads are laying around the attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyors, an offset of the threads parallel to the direction of the longitudinal conveyor, but opposite to the transport direction is required. Only then does a parallel yarn deposit, ie a unidirectional position, come about during the further movement of the yarn guide. In many cases, this offset movement is performed by the thread guide itself, whereby the thread guide in addition to its transport movement (supply of threads to the longitudinal conveyors) and the offset (temporary retention of the threads and ggs. Their movement against the transport direction of the longitudinal conveyor) must make. To make matters worse, that the offset is not only intended to achieve a uniform parallel arrangement of all threads over the length of the unidirectional layer, but that by a ggs. variable distance between the individual threads or thread groups, but also by a partial overlap when filing a variable pattern repeat is achieved, see. DE 100 49 280 B4 and EP 0 303 685 B1 ,

This dual objective not only places very high demands on the control of the yarn guide, but also creates problems with regard to the quality of the resulting undirectional layer. The threads of this situation, which are called weft threads in warp knitting, namely not only kept between the longitudinal conveyors, but also be curious, the Thread tension for all stored threads should be as even as possible and maintained during transport to the knitting tools or the connection station. In addition, alleyways, ie gaps within a discarded thread group, should be avoided.

For functional separation between transport movement and offset movement feeders have therefore been proposed in the form of movable offset rake, which cooperate with the yarn guide, see. again the DE 36 41 640 C1 and the DE 102 07 317 C1 , In this case, each longitudinal conveyor is assigned a respective offset rake, which is located in the region of the machine in which the thread guide brings the newly laid threads to the longitudinal conveyor. The offset rakes are arranged on the outer sides of the longitudinal conveyor, ie outside the resulting unidirectional layer and parallel to the longitudinal conveyors in the transport direction and opposite thereto movable. They have downwardly directed hooks or teeth.

When laying the threads, the thread guide travels over the longitudinal conveyor assigned to it, while the offset rake moves synchronously and in the same phase with the longitudinal conveyor in its transport direction. The approached threads are guided through the attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyor and taken over by the attachment hooks of the offset rule. The offset rake then moves against the transport direction of the longitudinal conveyor in its offset position, wherein he pulls the threads with him. The yarn guide has now begun its return to the opposite longitudinal conveyor and now pulls in turn to the located in the offset rakes threads. The offset rake now reverses its direction of movement again and moves in synchronism with and against the longitudinal conveyor in such a phase that the threads drawn by the thread guide slide off the fastening hooks of the offset rake, thereby comprising the attachment hooks located on the longitudinal conveyor and thus offset are attached to the longitudinal conveyor. Hold-downs can support the process of slipping.

The known feeder, so the thread guide and cooperating with him offset rake, have proven themselves in practice. Nevertheless, there is a need for improvement. It is based on the systemic peculiarity that movements of components are to be matched to each other, which are strictly linear in different directions. What is meant by this is that the longitudinal conveyors and the offset rakes have a first linear trajectory parallel to one another, which the offset rake has to do in alternating directions, while the second linear trajectory, namely that of the thread guide, runs perpendicular or oblique to the first trajectory with changing direction and speed. A harmonious coordination of the movements is difficult to achieve, especially when high speeds are desired. In practice, this can mean a jerky working of the machine, even if it can only be determined metrologically and in the micro range. Increased wear of the machines, abrasion of the threads and noise pollution can be the result. A fast back and forth movement with frequent start-up and braking movements also means a high power consumption.

This fundamental peculiarity is particularly detrimental to the effect if, after the offset, the threads still retained by the offset rake are to slide off its attachment hook. Here, offset rake, longitudinal conveyor and thread guide to work together for each position and speed, while they influence each other by design. As a result, this sliding does not result in the individual threads of a group of threads at exactly the same time points, but distributed over a period during the movement of the thread guide over the area between the two longitudinal conveyors, as already in the DE 36 41 640 C1 has been found (supra, column 3, lines 1 to 19). At this systemic disadvantage also nothing fundamental changes, if according to the DE 102 07 317 C1 the movements of the longitudinal conveyor, the thread guide and the offset rake are driven and controlled separately by servomotors. So it is just according to the DE 102 07 317 C1 deemed appropriate that the weft guide during the offset movement of the offset rake in the same direction as the offset rake, however, is offset by a smaller path. As a result, a compensation of forces on the threads is to be achieved (loc. Cit., Column 4, lines 59 to 64).

The invention is therefore based on the object to improve the initially mentioned method and the associated device such that a smooth movement of the feeder a jerk-free operation is achieved with increased operating speed and the threads to exactly selectable, reproducible times from the restraint position of the feeder be released.

The solution of this object is achieved with respect to the methods by the totality of the features of claims 1 and 5 and with respect to the device by the totality of the features of claim 15th

By moving the two feeders two-dimensionally, it is possible to optimally adjust the offset movement. The feeders can move across the longitudinal conveyors and on both sides thereof, whereby they are at least partially passed through the attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyors in the transverse movement. In contrast to the prior art, in which thread guides and offset rakes move on strictly linear paths, the feeders according to the invention can undergo a closed curved trajectory during a laying and shifting operation. Constructively, such a movement of the feeder is to be realized by an arrangement in the manner of a cross slide is selected and individual drives for the two directions of movement are provided with a CNC control. But other constructive solutions are conceivable.

The prescribed in the inventive method and to be realized with the device according to the invention closed trajectory allows a "softer" movement in coordination with the movements of the longitudinal conveyor and optionally the thread guide. In this way, the speed of thread laying is considerably increased. It is further by the inventive design due to the larger Mobility of Versatzrechens also possible to choose the time at which the threads slide off the feeder and pass on the attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyor. This can be done by a profiling of the holding elements, which are located on the feeders, which profiling is turned off to a certain position and / or movement of the offset rake.

A fast movement sequence of the laying and displacement movement already results from the fact that at least the holding elements present on the feeders are at least partially guided through the gaps of the fastening hooks in their transverse movement, which are located on the longitudinal conveyors. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, however, the feeders can also be moved three-dimensionally, wherein the third movement dimension runs perpendicular to the two-dimensional movement plane of the feeders. As a result, the feeders or at least their fastening elements can be guided away at least partially via the fastening hooks of the longitudinal conveyors.

If the unidirectional layer to be applied is not too wide, it is possible to supply the threads withdrawn from the supply directly to the feeder associated with the first longitudinal conveyor and subsequently transfer them to the feeder associated with the second longitudinal conveyor. In this way, a special thread guide is unnecessary. The first feeder performs in this case at the same time the functions of a thread guide and a Versatzrechens, but does not have to be moved over the entire laying width. Depending on the width of the web and the nature of the threads to be applied, however, they can also be fed to the first of the two feeders via a thread guide, which is movable back and forth between the two longitudinal conveyors, from which they then take over the second feeder.

Claims 5 to 14 are directed to a method for presenting weft threads on warp knitting machines using a thread guide. The prior art forms the already mentioned above DE 36 41 640 C1 , The object of the invention remains the same as it has already been mentioned for claim 1. It should also be in the operation with thread guide and offset rake an improved, jerk-free motion with increased operating speed can be achieved, the threads are released at exactly selectable, reproducible times from the retention position of the offset rake.

The feeders are in this case the offset rakes, which according to the invention are thus moved controlled in two mutually perpendicular axes x and y, wherein the y-axis is parallel to the transport direction of the longitudinal conveyor. The laying area of the thread guide remains limited to the area that extends between the two longitudinal conveyor, while the offset rake in this area and outside of it act on the weft threads.

The thread guide can now be optimally adjusted to its function to bring the threads to the longitudinal conveyor. Additional movements with regard to the offset process are no longer required. In addition, the range of movement of the thread guide is limited to the area between the longitudinal conveyors. This allows a greater transfer speed of the thread guide. The offset rakes are placed on the offset movement and have as a result of the two-dimensional mobility of a "softer" movement, which allows a vote on the movement of the longitudinal conveyor and the thread guide with even greater speed.

In addition, there is another advantage in the function of offset rakes. In its basic function, an offset rake pulls a thread loop out of the moving endless threads, which are transferred from the supply to the attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyors. A thread loop is nothing more than a thread tensioner or thread supply. A yarn guide is therefore basically suitable to compensate for stresses and differences in length between the threads of a thread layer and to keep constant. Due to the mechanical coupling with the thread guide, the strictly linear trajectories and the uncertain time of slipping from the Offset rake, the known thread guide the task of length and stress compensation so far only imperfect fulfill.

The "softer" curved trajectory in a closed trajectory now makes it possible that the offset rake compensate for differences in length and tension between the threads of a yarn sheet far better than before. Special measures for tensioning the threads in the offset rake are unnecessary, as well as a thread store on weft magazine of the knitting machine omitted. Brakes on the coils will be sufficient in many cases. The quality of the unidirectional layer to be created is thereby further improved.

Furthermore, the movement and control of the offset rakes according to the invention makes it possible for the thread guide no longer to come into contact with already laid threads during its return movement, thereby disturbing the thread layer. Finally, the longitudinal conveyor, usually transport chains, remain unchanged when using the offset rake according to the invention.

Further developments of the method according to claim 5 are listed in claims 6 to 14.

Thus, according to claims 6 to 8 coordinated to the movements of the yarn guide and the longitudinal conveyor movement of the offset rakes by own drives with an independent control, resulting in the execution of the offset with at least partially curved path and optionally a closed path with components in the direction the x- and y-axis can be realized.

Advantageous details in the movement of the offset rakes are listed in claim 9, while claim 10 is based on the fact that the holding elements located on the offset rake are designed as retaining claws and must have a certain profiling, which is focused on a specific position and / or movement of the offset rake , This makes it possible to freely choose the time at which the threads of slide off the retaining claws, and largely independent of the ever-changing position of the thread guide.

The encompassing of the weft threads by the retaining claws can be assisted by a holding device located on the thread guide presses the weft threads in the direction of the laying plane, whereby the weft threads fall into the region of the retaining claws. Here, the hold-down can be actuated by the thread guide is pivoted with the attached hold-down (claims 11 and 12).

Advantageously, according to claim 13, the retaining claws when changing from the gripping position to the retaining position and vice versa are at least partially passed through the gaps between the fastening hooks on the moving longitudinal conveyor.

Further choices in the leadership of the offset rake arise if, according to claim 14 of the offset rake is also controlled in the direction perpendicular to the laying plane formed by the longitudinal conveyor movable. The retaining claws can then be at least partially passed over the attachment hooks, which are located on the longitudinal conveyors.

Claim 15 is directed to the apparatus for carrying out the methods according to claims 1 to 14. According to the statements already made at the outset, the device can be designed for installation in a chain machine or a multi-axial machine. The term "further processing" in the preamble of claim 15 can thus mean either that the threads are fed to the knitting tools of a warp knitting machine, where they run as weft threads at an angle of 90 ° to the longitudinal conveyors; or the further processing may be that several layers of thread are stored one above the other and fed to a connection station, wherein the connection does not necessarily have to be made by a knitting machine.

The prior art from which the invention is based is thus the same as that already stated for the method. Furthermore, the object of the invention remains the same, as it has already been formulated to the claims 1 and 5.

Advantageous developments of the device according to the invention according to claim 15 are given in the claims 16 to 25.

Particularly noteworthy is the formation of the holding elements on the offset rake according to claim 19. The holding elements are thus holding claws whose gripping direction at an acute angle of 10 ° to 20 °, preferably 13 ° to 17 °, pointing forward in the direction of movement of the longitudinal conveyor inclined have to. This position arises from the partially contradictory demands that the holding elements should, if possible or at least partially pass through the moving attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyor, but at the same time a smooth sliding over the yarn sheet from the yarn guide in the offset rakes and then slipping back from the holding elements of the Versatzrechens should take place on the attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyor. The specified in claim 19 advantageous embodiment is particularly geared to yarn sheets or individual threads that are stored endlessly at an angle of 90 ° on the longitudinal conveyors. This is the standard tray for weft threads on warp knitting machines. At an ideal value of 15 °, the gripping direction of the holding claws and the weft threads held by them during the displacement movement and before the weft threads are about to coincide. The process of transfer to the attachment hooks of the longitudinal conveyor is thereby substantially facilitated.

If - as with multi-axial machines - the filing in oblique direction to the longitudinal conveyors should be made, a variation of the angle may be required. The same may prove necessary with widely varying thread material. The oblique arrangement of the retaining claws with respect to the direction of movement of the longitudinal conveyor means that the Holding claws of the two offset rake must be mirror images of each other.

The claims 20 to 24 contain essential design rules for the retaining claws, wherein particularly the said transitional processes are taken into account.

Claim 25 is directed to a particularly advantageous embodiment for driving the offset rake. Longitudinal slide and cross slide together form a cross slide, which allows to control the movement of the offset rake simultaneously in the direction of the two mutually perpendicular axes x and y, which can be realized almost any trajectories with smooth transitions between curved and rectilinear movements effortlessly.

According to the instructions for possible further processing of the unidirectional layers produced by the device according to the invention, the invention also relates to a warp knitting machine according to claim 26 and a multi-axial machine according to claim 27. These machines are characterized according to the invention then in terms of the device for applying a unidirectional layer Threads are formed on two longitudinal conveyor according to one or more of claims 15 to 25.

The advantages stated for the invention apply in the same way when laying yarn sheets or monofilaments.

• Fig. 1 ist eine Prinzip-Darstellung zu dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, wobei die Zubringer zugleich als Fadenführer und Versatzrechen dienen.
• Fig. 2 zeigt in einer Seitenansicht das Zusammenwirken eines herkömmlichen Fadenführers mit als Versatzrechen dienenden Zubringern bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
• Die Fig. 3 bis 7 zeigen, wie die Bewegungen des Fadenführers und der Versatzrechen aufeinander abgestimmt.
• Fig. 8 ist ein Diagramm, aus dem der Ablauf der Bewegungen eines Versatzrechens in seinen beiden Bewegungsrichtungen x und y in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit hervorgeht.
• Fig. 9 ist ein Beispiel für eine Ausführung eines Versatzrechens und seines Antriebs.
• Fig. 10 zeigt die Gestaltung und Anordnung der Halteklauen an einem Versatzrechen.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The figures show the following:

• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the method according to the invention, the feeders also serve as a thread guide and offset rake.
• Fig. 2 shows in a side view the interaction of a conventional yarn guide with serving as offset rake feeders in carrying out the method according to the invention.
• The Fig. 3 to 7 show how the movements of the thread guide and the offset rake matched.
• Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the sequence of movements of an offset rule in its two directions of movement x and y as a function of time.
• Fig. 9 is an example of an embodiment of an offset rule and its drive.
• Fig. 10 shows the design and arrangement of the retaining claws on an offset rake.

Fig. 1 illustrates the flow of the inventive method when applying a unidirectional layer of not too large laying width. As an example, the laying of a single thread 8 is shown in a spherical parallel-tray. Two spaced-apart driven longitudinal conveyor 1 and 2 have attachment hooks 3 and 4. The longitudinal conveyor 1, 2 move continuously in the transport direction 5. In practice, they consist of conveyor chains, of which only the upper run can be seen.

With the illustrated arrangement, an endless thread 8 is guided from a supply 6 to a knitting station 7. The supply 6 may be a coil; in the case of a group of threads he would be a creel. The yarn 6 leaving the supply 6 is fed via a deflection roller 9 to a first feeder 10. From there, the thread 8 runs to a second feeder 11. The feeders 10 and 11 have retaining claws 12 and 13, with which they take the passing endless thread 8 temporarily.

The function of the feeder 10, 11 is to pull out of the passing thread 8 loops and this around the next following in the transport direction 5 mounting hooks 3a and 4a of their associated longitudinal conveyor 1, 2 put around. In this way, the feeders 10 and 11 simultaneously perform the function of a thread guide and an offset rule. After completion of the offset movement, the thread 8 is wrapped around two attachment hooks 3a, 3b and 4a, 4b of the two longitudinal conveyors 1, 2.

For this purpose, the feeders 10, 11 move in two mutually perpendicular directions x and y, wherein they are controlled such that continuously a closed, at least partially curved trajectory 14 and 15 is traversed. The y-direction runs parallel to the transport direction. 5

The trajectories 14 and 15 are easily realized by combined drives and CNC controls. The closed trajectories 14 and 15 with their at least partially curved course are to be realized without jerk even at higher installation speeds.

Of importance is the formation of arranged on the feeders 10, 11 holding claws 12 and 13, which detect the passing thread 8 depending on the position and speed of the feeders 10 and 11, take away or release.

How out Fig. 1 As can be clearly seen, each feeder 10, 11 moves in the x-direction on both sides of its associated longitudinal conveyor 1, 2 and beyond. The retaining claws 13 and 14 of the feeders 10, 11 must, for this purpose, move through the moving fastening hooks 3, 4 of the longitudinal conveyors 1, 2. This movement can still be facilitated by the fact that the feeders 10, 11 are also movable in a direction perpendicular to the laying plane defined by the axes x and y. In the case of horizontally moving longitudinal conveyors 1, 2, this means a movement in the vertical direction.

When transferring the thread 8 from the first feeder 10 to the second feeder 11, the two feeder need not touch. It is sufficient if - as shown - the thread 8 with a sufficient inclination to the feeders 10 and 11 tapers. So that the thread 8 can easily slide onto the hooks 3, 4 of the longitudinal conveyors 1, 2 and into the retaining claws 12, 13 of the feeders 10, 11, the use of a driven coil (positive trigger) is expedient.

Fig. 2 shows in an embodiment, the apparatus for performing the method according to the invention, when a conventional yarn guide 26 is used. For this purpose, a side view transverse to the longitudinal conveyors 21 and 22 of this device is shown. The longitudinal conveyor are again provided with fastening hooks 23, 24. The longitudinal conveyors 21, 22 form a laying plane, over which the yarn guide 26 reciprocates periodically. The yarn guide 26 is pivotable about a pivot axis 27 which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the yarn guide. By pivoting the yarn guide 26 about its pivot axis 27 optionally come a first hold-28 or second hold-29 to the effect.

The withdrawn from a creel threads of the yarn sheet 30 leave the yarn guide 26 and are inserted in the continuous process in the attachment hooks 23, 24 of the longitudinal conveyor 21, 22. Fig. 2 shows the state that a thread layer 30a is laid and the thread guide 26 moves to the right on the first longitudinal conveyor 21 to.

Each longitudinal conveyor 21, 22 is assigned a feeder in the form of a first offset rake 31 and a second offset rake 32. The offset rakes 31, 32 have retaining claws 33, 34, with which they temporarily grasp the passing yarn sheet 30 in the form of a loop and around the attachment hooks 23, 24 located on the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22. The offset rakes 31, 32 are movable in two mutually perpendicular directions x and y, wherein the y-direction parallel to the transport direction 25 of the longitudinal conveyor 21, 22nd runs, cf. Fig. 3 , The movement of the offset rakes 31, 32 in the y-direction may be in the transport direction 25 and opposite thereto.

In the following, it will be explained how the movements of the offset rakes 31, 32 in the x and y directions and the movement of the yarn guide 26 are coordinated with one another. These are in the Fig. 2 to 7 different positions of 0 and A to G shown, which are passed through successively. Fig. 8 shows in context how the first offset rake 31 passes through said positions in its two directions of movement x and y as a function of time within a movement cycle.

Fig. 2 shows only in a side view the starting or 0 position. The offset rake 26 moves to the right on the first offset rake 31 via an already deposited group of threads 30a. This is located in its furthest extended gripping position.

Fig. 3 shows the position A in side view and in a view from above on the laying plane. The yarn guide 26 is pivoted about its pivot axis 27, so that the first hold-down 28 pushes the yarn sheet 30 down. The weft threads of the yarn sheet 30 thereby enter between the holding claws 33 of the first offset rake 31 a. At the same time, the movement of the first offset rake 31 in the y-direction counter to the transport direction 25, cf. For this the lower partial representation in Fig. 8 ,

According to Fig. 4 is the position B reached. The yarn sheet 30 is inserted into the retaining claws 33 of the first offset rake 31, and this continues to move in the x direction to its restraint position.

Fig. 5 shows a further intermediate position, namely the position C. The first offset rake 31 is with its retaining claws 33 between the mounting hooks 23 of the first longitudinal conveyor 21 and moves in the x-direction further towards its restraining position.

According to Fig. 6 is shown for the yarn guide 26 only a single position, while in the top view for the first offset rake 31 two consecutively occurring position, namely the positions D and E are shown. In the x-direction, the offset rake 31 is now in its restrained position, which is maintained until the position E is reached, cf. Fig. 8 , The holding claws 33 of the first offset rake 31 are now located on the other side of the fastening hooks 23. In the y-direction of the offset rake 31 now performs the offset against the transport direction 25 of the longitudinal conveyor 21, 22 until the position E is reached. The yarn guide 26 is pivoted back during this, so that the two hold-down 28, 29 are ineffective. As a result, the yarn sheet 30 is securely held in the retaining claws 33 of the first offset rake 31. The yarn guide 26 continues to move in the direction of the opposite second longitudinal conveyor 22.

Fig. 7 shows further intermediate positions F and G. In the position F, the outward movement of the first offset rake 31 begins in its gripping position. The retaining claws 33 have already traversed or traversed the gaps between the fastening hooks 23, but still hold the weft threads of the yarn sheet 30 firmly, which, however, have already largely been wrapped around the fastening hooks 23. At the same time, the first offset rake 31 moves back out of its offset position into the starting position in the y direction and in the transport direction 25.

In the position G, the backward movement of the first offset rule is largely completed. The weft threads of the yarn sheet 30 are wrapped around the fastening hooks 23, the retaining claws 33 are free and have their gripping position again as in Fig. 3 reached. Only in the y direction is the return to the starting position not yet fully achieved, cf. Fig. 8 ,

Once this position is reached, the home or 0 position is returned and the cycle of offset motion is complete. The movement is also at the different inclinations of the yarn sheet in the Fig. 3 to 7 clearly visible.

Fig. 9 shows a particularly advantageous possibility, a feeder in the embodiment of a Versatzrechens simultaneously in the direction of two axes x and y independently drive. From the offset rake is in FIG. 9 only to see the base 53 at which threaded holes 54 for fixing retaining claws 33, 34 are located (see. Fig. 10 ). To drive the base 53, the drive unit 41, which has a housing 42 is used.

On the rear wall 43 of the housing 42, a support and guide rail 44 is formed. At this a longitudinal slide 45 is movably held in the direction of the support and guide rail 44. The longitudinal slide 45 is connected to an endless drive belt 46 which is guided around two rollers, of which in Fig. 9 only the bearing 47 of a loose roll can be seen.

At its other end, the drive belt 46 is wrapped around a drive roller which is rotatable by a first servo motor 48 in two directions. This also results in two directions of travel 49 for the drive belt 46 and thus also for the longitudinal slide 45. The rotor of the first servo motor 48 is rotatable by the machine control in alternating directions of rotation by certain degrees.

On the longitudinal slide guide points 50 are formed, in which two guide rods 51 of a cross slide 52 are guided longitudinally displaceable. Together with the longitudinal slide 45, the cross slide 52 forms a cross slide, with which it is possible in a known manner, a member, in this case the base 53 to move simultaneously in the direction of the two axes x and y, wherein the two components of movement are independent ,

The control of the cross slide 52 is effected by a coupling rocker, which consists of a hinged coupling member 56, the coupling rod 57 and the two oscillating arms 58a and 58b. The coupling member 56 is pivotally connected via a hinge 55 to the cross slide 52. It is also pivotable about the coupling rod 57 and slidable on this in the longitudinal direction of the coupling rod 57, cf. the arrows 66. The two swing arms 58a and 58b pivot in operation by certain angular degrees about the oscillating shaft 59. As a result, the cross slide 52 can be reciprocated on the longitudinal slide 45 in the direction of the x-axis. Since the coupling member 56 can slide on the coupling rod 57 at the same time, the controlled movement of the cross slide 52 is also possible when the longitudinal slide 45 moves and occupies different positions.

The oscillating shaft 59 is rotated by the pulley 60, wherein the drive from a drive shaft 61 via a first belt drive 62, an intermediate shaft 64 and a second belt drive 63 takes place. The drive shaft 61 is connected by a second, in Fig. 9 invisible servo motor driven. The second servomotor is designed in the same way as the first, ie it displaces in operation the drive shaft 61 and thus the pulley 60 in a reciprocating rotary motion, in each case only by a certain angular amount, as indicated by the directional arrow 65 in Fig. 9 is indicated.

Thus, the pedestal 53 in a horizontal plane can drive through arbitrary trajectories composed of the independent components of the x and y axes. As examples in Fig. 1 the trajectories 13 and 14 registered. From Fig. 9 apparent drive unit 41 is thereby incorporated into the device according to the invention, that the y-axis extends in the direction of the longitudinal conveyor, which is assigned to the drive unit 41.

In FIG. 10 Once again, the base 53 is shown enlarged. At the base of the retaining claws 33, 34 are attached. The in FIG. 10 shown base 53 corresponds in the representation of the FIGS. 3 to 7 a left side arranged offset rake 32 with retaining claws 34, see. Fig. 3 , The opposite offset rake 31 with retaining claws 33 would be compared to Fig. 10 to represent a mirror image.

The retaining claws 33 and 34 then differ in the direction of the angle α, about which their gripping direction 81 is inclined, starting from the x-axis in the direction of the running direction 25 of the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22.

Each retaining claw 33, 34 has a fastening tongue 71, which merges into a cantilever arm 72. At the end of the extension arm 72, an angled web 73 connects, which in turn merges into the again angled claw tip 74.

The fastening tongue 71 carries two stepped bores 75, which on the threaded holes 54 in the base 53 (see. Fig. 9 ) are turned off and serve to attach the retaining claws 33, 34 to the base 53.

With a horizontal arrangement of a movement plane formed by the x and y axis, the retaining claws 33, 34 move over the laying plane formed by the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22. For the sake of brevity, therefore, the following is spoken of "above" and "below" in order to describe the assignment of the retaining claws 33, 34 to the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22 and their attachment hooks 23, 24.

The retaining claws 33, 34 move above the laying plane and must be passed in operation by the fastening hooks 23, 24 located on the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22.

In the view from above, it can be seen that the end of the cantilever arm 72, the web 73 and the claw tip 74 form the gripping area of the retaining claw 33, 34, whereby the gripping direction 81 is defined. The gripping direction 81 is inclined by the acute angle α in the direction of the direction of movement 25 of the longitudinal conveyor 21, 22. It can be seen that the retaining claws 33, 34 can thereby retain a yarn sheet 30 well when the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22 continue to move and the offset must be carried out. In the illustrated embodiment, the angle α = 15 °. This angle is optimal when weft threads 30 of a warp knitting machine must be offset. In this case, the laying direction of the weft threads 30 is perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22. The conditions for gripping the weft yarns 30 coming from the yarn guide 26 are different than when the weft yarns 30 from the holding claws 33, 34 to the mounting hooks 23, 24th the longitudinal conveyor 21, 22 are passed have to. The angle of 15 ° is an optimum between the two different requirements.

If in a multiaxial machine oblique to the running direction 25 of the longitudinal conveyor 21, 22 extending threads must be detected and offset, can experimentally another angle α come as optimal in question. The same applies to different thread material.

The retaining claws 33, 34 are lowered at the transition from the fixing tongue 71 in the extension arm 72 downwards; the extension arm 72 is lower than the fixing tongue 71. This results in a stop surface 76, which serves for positionally accurate alignment with the base 53.

The extension arm 72 is provided at its end, where it merges into the web 73, with a downwardly projecting claw plate 77. At this downwardly projecting claw plate 77 close the web 73 and the claw tip 74 at. The claw tip 74 is provided below with an inlet slope 78, which facilitates the sliding retraction of the yarn sheet 30 from the yarn guide 26 in the retaining claws 33, 34.

Also at its upper edge the claw tip 74 is provided with a slope, this time the outlet slope 79, which is advantageous if the yarn sheet 30 of the retaining claws 30, 34 in the fastening hooks 23, 24 of the longitudinal conveyor 21, 22 should pass. In addition, the upper side of the web 73 and the claw tip 74 is stepped down relative to the extension arm 72 down. On the extension arm 72 is located above the inside and the gripping opening of the retaining claw 33, 34 facing also an inclined surface 80. It is facing the yarn guide 26 in the acquisition of the yarn sheets 30, see. Fig. 3 , The inclined surface 80 thus facilitates the sliding of the yarn sheet on the extension arm 72 when the offset movement begins.

The lower edge of the claw shield 77 extends horizontally or slightly inclined upward in the direction of the base 53. The claw shield 77 thereby holds down the threads and also adjacent threads.

As a result, there is no mutual obstruction due to the multiplicity of adjacent threads in a group of threads 30.

The particular embodiment of the retaining claws 33, 34 is once the safe movement sequence when offsetting the thread shares 30. It is also important to keep wear and abrasion of the threads to be laid as small as possible. At the same time, the retaining claws 33, 34 are themselves subject to wear, depending on the thread material. It is therefore important that the retaining claws 33, 34 are removably secured to the base 53 or other parts of the offset rakes 31, 32. The material of the retaining claws is steel in the form of a casting or as a milled part in question; with hard thread material such as glass fibers, the retaining claws must be hard chromed and polished.

Fig. 10 shows that the claw plate 77 is sunk inwardly towards the gripping opening with respect to the extension arm 72, so that a gusset 82 is formed on the holding arm 72. This configuration makes it possible that the extension arm 72 remains relatively stable and yet the area of the gripping opening formed by the retaining plate 77, the web 73 and the claw tip 74 is so narrow that it can at least pass well through the fastening hooks 23, 24, the are located on the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22. This passage is made while the longitudinal conveyors 21, 22 are moving.

List of reference numbers

• Reference numerals to Fig. 1 :

  1

  first longitudinal conveyor

  2

  second longitudinal conveyor

  3, 3a, 3b

  fastening hooks

  4, 4a, 4b

  fastening hooks

  5

  Motion arrow of the transport direction

  6

  Stock (spool, creel)

  7

  connecting station

  8th

  thread

  9

  idler pulley

  10

  first feeder

  11

  second feeder

  12

  Holding claws of the first feeder

  13

  Holding claws of the second feeder

  14

  Trajectory of the retaining claws 12th

  15

  Trajectory of the retaining claws 13

• Reference numerals to the Fig. 2 to 8 :

  21

  first longitudinal conveyor

  22

  second longitudinal conveyor

  23

  fastening hooks

  24

  fastening hooks

  25

  Movement arrow of the direction of travel (transport direction)

  26

  thread guides

  27

  Swivel axis of the thread guide

  28

  first hold-down

  29

  second hold-down

  30, 30a

  Yarn, weft threads

  31

  first offset rake (feeder)

  32

  second offset rake (feeder)

  33

  retaining claw

  34

  retaining claw

• Reference numerals to Fig. 9 :

  41

  drive unit

  42

  casing

  43

  rear wall

  44

  Carrying and guide rail

  45

  longitudinal slide

  46

  drive belts

  47

  camp

  48

  first servomotor

  49

  Directional arrow of the changing direction

  50

  implementing agency

  51

  guide rod

  52

  cross slide

  53

  base

  54

  threaded hole

  55

  joint

  56

  coupling member

  57

  coupling rod

  58a

  first swing arm

  58b

  second swing arm

  59

  oscillating shaft

  60

  pulley

  61

  drive shaft

  62

  first belt drive

  63

  second belt drive

  64

  intermediate shaft

  65

  Directional arrow of the changing direction of rotation

  66

  Movement directions of the coupling member 56 on the coupling rod 57th

• Reference numerals to Fig. 10 In addition:

  71

  fastening tongue

  72

  Auslegearm

  73

  web

  74

  claw tip

  75

  stepped bore

  76

  stop surface

  77

  claw shield

  78

  Einschlaufschräge

  79

  runout bevel

  80

  Sloping surface on the extension arm

  81

  gripping direction

  82

  gore

Claims (27)

Method for applying a unidirectional layer of threads on two longitudinal conveyors, which are arranged at a distance from each other and provided with fastening hooks in which withdrawn as filaments from a supply threads are inserted by means of controlled movable feeders, wherein the longitudinal conveyor the laying plane of the unidirectional layer forming, characterized in that each longitudinal conveyor (1, 2) is associated with a respective feeder (10, 11), which is moved two-dimensionally in a plane of movement which extends in the laying plane or parallel thereto. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeders are moved three-dimensionally, wherein the third movement dimension is perpendicular to the two-dimensional plane of movement. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the threads (8) drawn from the supply (6) are fed directly to the feeder (10) associated with the first longitudinal conveyor (1) and subsequently to the second longitudinal conveyor (2) associated feeder (11) are taken over. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the threads (8) withdrawn from the supply (6) are first fed to a thread guide which is movable back and forth between the two longitudinal conveyors (1, 2) and the threads (8 ) to the first (10) of the two feeders (10, 11), from which they are transferred to the second feeder (11). Method for presenting weft threads on warp knitting machines, comprising the following method steps: a) a yarn guide (26) performs a reciprocating motion, which extends transversely to two parallel longitudinal conveyors (21, 22); b) the thread guide (26) leads the endless weft threads (30) to the longitudinal conveyor, c) the longitudinal conveyors (21, 22) convey the weft threads (30) laid between them to the knitting tools of the warp knitting machine; d) in the reverse areas of the reciprocating motion, the weft threads (30) are temporarily taken over by feeders serving as offset rakes (31, 32), one of which being associated with each longitudinal conveyor (21, 22); e) each offset rake (31, 32) performs with the weft threads (30) an offset movement, which is independent of the movement of the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22), which is associated with the offset rake (31, 32), and passes the weft threads ( 30) thereafter to the fastening hooks (23, 24) of this longitudinal conveyor (21, 22),
characterized in that the following further steps are taken: f) each offset rake (31, 32) is moved in a direction of movement parallel to the laying plane formed by the longitudinal conveyors (21, 22), controlled in the direction of two mutually perpendicular axes x and y, the y- Axle parallel to the transport direction (25) of the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) extends; g) the laying area of the thread guide (26) is limited to the area extending between the fastening hooks (23, 24) of the two longitudinal conveyors (21, 22), while the offset rakes (31, 32) in this area and outside thereof the weft threads (30) act. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that on the movements of the yarn guide (26) and the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) coordinated movement of the offset rakes (31, 32) by own drives with a self-contained control. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that each offset rake (31, 32) moves in the execution of the offset at least partially on a curved path. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the offset rake (31, 32) thereby passes through a closed path with components in the direction of the x and y axis. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that during the displacement of the weft threads (30) the following method steps take place in cyclic repetition: a) the offset rake (31, 32) is extended in the x direction into its gripping position in which it protrudes with holding claws (33, 34) which project from the plane of movement of the offset rake (31, 32) in the direction of the laying plane, in which between the longitudinal conveyors (21, 22) located laying region of the yarn guide (26) engages; b) the weft threads (30) guided by the thread guide (26) close to the associated longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) are encompassed by the retaining claws (33, 34); c) from the gripping position of the offset rakes (31, 32) is withdrawn in the x-direction in its retaining position, in which its retaining claws (33, 34) with the engaged areas of the weft threads (30) at a distance behind the fastening hook (23) of the associated longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) are located; d) in its restrained position, the offset rake (31, 32) is moved in the y-axis counter to the running direction of the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) by the required offset distance; e) then moves the offset rake (31, 32) back in the direction of the x-axis back into the gripping position in which he in the direction of the y-axis with the same direction (25) as the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) back into his Returns home position while the weft threads (30) from the retaining claws (33, 34) of the Versatzrechens (31, 32) slide and on the attachment hooks (23, 24) of the associated longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) change; f) in this case, all successive sub-movements in the direction of the x- and y-axis to achieve curved trajectories can merge into each other. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the embracing of the weft threads (30) by the retaining claws (33, 34) and their release from them by a profiling of the retaining claws (33, 34) is achieved, the on a certain position and / or Movement of Versatzrechens (31, 32) is turned off. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that for reaching around the weft threads (30) by the retaining claws (33, 34) the weft threads (30) by at least one on the thread guide (26) located hold-down (28, 29) in the direction of the laying Be pressed level, whereby the weft threads (30) in the inlet region of the retaining claws (33, 34) get advised. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the hold-down device (28, 29) is actuated by pivoting the thread guide (26) with the hold-down device (28, 29) attached thereto. Method according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the retaining claws (33, 34) when changing from the gripping position to the retaining position and vice versa through the gaps between the fastening hooks (24, 25) on the moving longitudinal conveyor (22, 23 ) are passed. Method according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the offset rake (31, 32) is also movably controlled in the direction perpendicular to the laying plane formed by the longitudinal conveyors (21, 22) and that when changing from the gripping position into the retaining position and vice versa, the retaining claws (33, 34) at least partially over the fastening hooks (24, 25) are passed, which are located on the longitudinal conveyors (21, 22). Device for applying a unidirectional layer of threads on two longitudinal conveyors, which are arranged at a distance from each other, provided with fastening hooks and feed the threads held by the fastening hooks for further processing,
with the arrangement of a supply from which the threads are withdrawn as endless threads and fed to the longitudinal conveyors,
with two controlled driven feeders, each of which is associated with one of the longitudinal conveyor, temporarily takes over the supplied endless threads and transfers the attachment hooks of the associated longitudinal conveyor,
in particular for carrying out the methods according to claims 1 to 14,
characterized in that the feeders (10, 11) in a plane of movement parallel to the laying plane formed by the longitudinal conveyors (1, 2) are movably guided in the direction of two mutually perpendicular axes x and y, the y-axis is parallel to the transport direction (5) of the longitudinal conveyor (1, 2). Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the feeders are additionally guided movably guided and controlled in an axis perpendicular to the laying plane formed by the longitudinal conveyor. Apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the range of movement of each feeder (10, 11) in the x-axis extends to both sides of its associated longitudinal conveyor (1, 2). Apparatus according to claim 15 to 17, characterized in that a movably controlled yarn guide (26) is provided which alternately introduces a yarn sheet (30) withdrawn from the supply to the longitudinal conveyors (21, 22), the feeders being used as offset rakes (31, 32) serve. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that for temporary takeover of the yarn sheet (30) on the offset rake (31, 32) holding claws (33, 34) are arranged, which extend substantially in the x, y movement plane, wherein the Gripping direction (81) of the retaining claws (33, 34) at an acute angle α of 10 ° to 20 °, preferably 13 ° to 17 °, from the x-axis forward obliquely in the direction of movement (25) of the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) runs. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that each retaining claw (33, 34) has a fastening tongue (71) resting against the offset rake and a cantilever arm (72) which, via a transverse web (73), engages in a bent back claw tip (74). merges with the end of the cantilever arm (72), the web located thereon (73) and the free end of the jaw tip (74) the Grasping portion of the holding claw (33, 34) form, which defines the gripping direction (81). Apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the gripping region of the retaining claw (33, 34), starting from the cantilever arm (72) from the x-, y- plane of movement in the direction of the laying plane to projecting, wherein the cantilever arm (72 ) of the claw tip (74) opposite to a projecting in the same way claw shield (77) is formed. Apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the web (73) and the claw tip (74) are stepped on the claw shield (77), wherein the step is formed in the direction of protrusion, and that the claw tip (74) with their the laying plane facing edge an inlet slope (78) and with its opposite edge a discharge slope (79), wherein inlet and outlet slopes (78, 79) facilitate the sliding of the yarn sheets (30) on the retaining claws (33, 34). Apparatus according to claim 20 to 22, characterized in that the cantilever arm (72) faces the yarn guide (26) on its inner surface facing the gripping region, which faces the yarn guide (26) when the yarn sheets (30) are taken over (FIG. 30) facilitating inclined surface (80). Apparatus according to claim 19 to 23, characterized in that the retaining claws (33, 34) are fixedly secured to a base (53) of the offset rakes (31, 32) and for this purpose in the region of the transition from the fastening tongue (71) to the boom (72 ) Have abutment surfaces (76). Apparatus according to claims 18 to 24, characterized by arranging and driving each offset rake (31, 32) with the following features: a) on a machine-fixed guide a longitudinal slide (45) in the direction of the y-axis parallel to the associated longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) guided back and forth; b) the longitudinal slide (45) is driven by a servomotor (48) with reversible direction of rotation via an endless drive belt (46) in alternating directions; c) the longitudinal slide (45) carries a cross slide (52) which is guided with guide rods (51) in the longitudinal slide (45) back and forth in the direction of the x-axis and at its the associated longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) facing End carries a base (53) on which are holding claws (33, 34) for temporarily taking over the yarn sheet (30); d) the cross slide (52) is driven by a coupling rocker at each position and also during the movement of the longitudinal slide (45) in alternating directions; e) on the cross slide (52) engages via a hinge (55) to a coupling member (56) which is arranged on a running in the direction of the y-axis coupling rod (57) pivoting about this and slidable in its longitudinal direction; f) the coupling rod (57) is located at the ends of two synchronously driven oscillating arms (58a, 58b) whose controlled reciprocating movement causes the drive of the cross slide (52). Warp knitting machine in which the weft threads are withdrawn from a supply as endless threads, deposited on at least one pair of longitudinal conveyors and fed to the knitting tools, characterized by a device for depositing the weft threads (30) on the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) according to one or more of Claims 15 to 25. Multiaxial machine for the presentation of band, strip or web-shaped multiaxial thread layers consisting of stacked unidirectional layers of threads with devices that each deduct a unidirectional layer of threads from a supply as endless threads and put on two parallel longitudinal conveyors on which unidirectional layers are fed to a connection station, characterized by means for applying the unidirectional thread layers (30) on the longitudinal conveyor (21, 22) according to one or more of claims 15 to 25.

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