EP1541662A1 - Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften - Google Patents
Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1541662A1 EP1541662A1 EP20040028306 EP04028306A EP1541662A1 EP 1541662 A1 EP1541662 A1 EP 1541662A1 EP 20040028306 EP20040028306 EP 20040028306 EP 04028306 A EP04028306 A EP 04028306A EP 1541662 A1 EP1541662 A1 EP 1541662A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel oil
- oil composition
- composition according
- monomer
- oils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 15
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095068 tetradecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQWHMKSIVLSRNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Octadec-5-ensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCC(O)=O AQWHMKSIVLSRNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecaene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Es bestand somit die Aufgabe, Brennstofföle mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften zur Verfügung zu stellen, die Mitteldestillate und Fettsäureester enthalten, wobei deren CFPP-Werte bei -20°C und darunter liegen. Ferner soll die Sedimentation ausgefallener Paraffine und Fettsäureester bei längerer Lagerung des Brennstofföls im Bereich seines Cloud Points bzw. darunter verlangsamt oder verhindert werden.
- A) mindestens ein Copolymer aus Ethylen und 8 - 21 Mol-% mindestens eines Acryl- oder Vinylesters mit einem C1-C18-Alkylrest und
- B) mindestens ein Kammpolymer, enthaltend Struktureinheiten aus
- B1) mindestens einem Olefin als Monomer 1, welches an der olefinischen Doppelbindung wenigstens einen C8-C18-Alkylrest trägt, und
- B2) mindestens einer ethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäure als Monomer 2, welche mindestens einen über eine Amid- und/oder Imidgruppierung gebundenen C8-C16-Alkylrest trägt,
- w1
- der molare Anteil der einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten von Monomer 1,
- w2
- der molare Anteil der einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten der Amidund/oder Imidgruppen von Monomer 2,
- n1
- die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten von Monomer 1,
- n2
- die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten der Amid und/oder Imidgruppen von Monomer 2,
- i
- die Laufvariable für die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten von Monomer 1, und
- j
- die Laufvariable für die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten der Amid und/oder Imidgruppen von Monomer 2 sind.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung nimmt Q Werte zwischen 22,0 und 27,0, insbesondere 23,0 bis 26,0 und beispielsweise 23, 24, 24,5, 25 oder 26 an.
Die Copolymere A haben bevorzugt Molekulargewichte, die Schmelzviskositäten bei 140°C von 20 bis 10.000 mPas insbesondere 30 bis 5.000 mPas und speziell 50 bis 1.000 mPas entsprechen. Die mittels 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie bestimmten Verzweigungsgrade liegen bevorzugt zwischen 1 und 9 CH3/100 CH2-Gruppen, insbesondere zwischen 2 und 6 CH3/100 CH2-Gruppen wie beispielsweise 2,5 bis 5 CH3/100 CH2-Gruppen, die nicht aus den Comonomeren stammen.
- R1
- Wasserstoff oder Methyl,
- R2
- Wasserstoff oder C1-C4-Alkyl,
- m
- eine Zahl von 1 bis 100,
- R3
- C1-C24-Alkyl, C5-C20-Cycloalkyl, C6-C18-Aryl oder -C(O)-R4,
- R4
- C1-C40-Alkyl, C5-C10-Cycloalkyl oder C6-C18-Aryl, bedeuten.
Besonders bevorzugte Copolymere B sind Halbamide und Imide primärer Monoamine.
So können die erfindungsgemäßen Additive zur weiteren Reduzierung der Sedimentation in der Kälte ausgefallener Paraffine und Fettsäureester in Mischung mit Paraffindispergatoren eingesetzt werden. Paraffindispergatoren reduzieren die Größe der Paraffin- und Fettsäureesterkristalle und bewirken, dass die Paraffinpartikel sich nicht absetzen, sondern kolloidal mit deutlich reduziertem Sedimentationsbestreben, dispergiert bleiben. Als Paraffindispergatoren haben sich sowohl niedermolekulare wie auch polymere, öllösliche Verbindungen mit ionischen oder polaren Gruppen wie z.B. Aminsalze und/oder Amide bewährt. Besonders bevorzugte Paraffindispergatoren enthalten Umsetzungsprodukte von Fettaminen mit Alkylresten mit 18 bis 24 C-Atomen, insbesondere sekundären Fettaminen wie beispielsweise Ditalgfettamin, Distearylamin und Dibehenylamin mit Carbonsäuren und deren Derivaten. Besonders bewährt haben sich Paraffindispergatoren, die durch Reaktion aliphatischer oder aromatischer Amine, vorzugsweise langkettiger aliphatischer Amine, mit aliphatischen oder aromatischen Mono-, Di-, Tri- oder Tetracarbonsäuren oder deren Anhydriden erhalten werden (vgl. US 4 211 534). Des gleichen sind Amide und Ammoniumsalze von Aminoalkylenpolycarbonsäuren wie Nitrilotriessigsäure oder Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure mit sekundären Aminen als Paraffindispergatoren geeignet (vgl. EP 0 398 101). Andere Paraffindispergatoren sind Copolymere des Maleinsäureanhydrids und α,β-ungesättigter Verbindungen, die gegebenenfalls mit primären Monoalkylaminen und/oder aliphatischen Alkoholen umgesetzt werden können (vgl. EP 0 154 177) und die Umsetzungsprodukte von Alkenylspirobislactonen mit Aminen (vgl. EP 0 413 279 B1) und nach EP-A-0 606 055 A2 Umsetzungsprodukte von Terpolymeren auf Basis α,β-ungesättigter Dicarbonsäureanhydride, α,β-ungesättigter Verbindungen und Polyoxyalkylenether niederer ungesättigter Alkohole.
Charakterisierung der eingesetzten Biobrennstofföle (F2) | |||
Öl Nr. | CP | CFPP | |
E 1 | Rapsölsäuremethylester | -2,3 | -14°C |
E 2 | 80% Rapsölsäuremethylester + 20 % Sonnenblumenölsäuremethylester | -1,6 | -10°C |
E 3 | 90% Rapsölsäuremethylester + 10 % Sojaölsäuremethylester | -2,0 | -8°C |
C-Kettenverteilung der zur Herstellung der Testöle eingesetzten Fettsäuremethylester (Hauptbestandteile; Fl.-% gemäß GC): | ||||||||||
C16 | C16' | C18 | C18' | C18'' | C18''' | C20 | C20' | C22 | Σ gesättigt | |
RME | 4,5 | 0,5 | 1,7 | 61,6 | 18,4 | 8,7 | 0,7 | 1,5 | 0,4 | 7,3 |
SBME | 6,0 | 0,1 | 3,8 | 28,7 | 58,7 | 0,1 | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,7 | 10,8 |
SojaME | 10,4 | 0,1 | 4,1 | 24,8 | 51,3 | 6,9 | 0,5 | 0,4 | 0,4 | 15,4 |
RME = Rapsölsäuremethylester; SBME = Sonnenblumenölsäuremethylester; | ||||||||||
SojaME = Sojaölsäuremethylester |
Charakterisierung der eingesetzten Mineralöle (F1) | |||
D1 | D2 | D3 | |
Siedebeginn | 193°C | 181°C | 200°C |
20 % Destillation | 230°C | 235°C | 247°C |
90% Destillation | 332°C | 344°C | 339°C |
95 % Destillation | 348°C | 361°C | 358°C |
(90-20)% Destillation | 102°C | 109°C | 92°C |
Cloud Point | -6,0°C | -8,2°C | -4,7°C |
CFPP | -8°C | -12°C | -9°C |
S-Gehalt | 20 ppm | 32 ppm | 9 ppm |
Charakterisierung der eingesetzten Ethylen-Copolymere (A) | |||
Beispiel | Comonomer(e) | V140 | CH3/100 CH2 |
A1 | 13,6 Mol-% Vinylacetat | 130 mPas | 3,7 |
A2 | 13,7 Mol-% Vinylacetat und 1,4 Mol-% Neodecansäurevinylester | 105 mPas | 5,3 |
A3 | i) 14,0 Mol-% Vinylacetat und 1,6 Mol-% Neodecansäurevinylester und ii) 12,9 Mol-% Vinylacetat im Verhältnis i) : ii) von 6 : 1 | 97 mPas 145 mPas | 4,7 5,4 |
Charakterisierung der eingesetzten Kammpolymere (B) | |||||
Beispiel | Comonomere | Amin | Q | Säurezahl [mg KOH/g] | |
R | Mol | ||||
B1 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | C8 | 1 | 21 | 52 |
B2 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | C10 | 1 | 23,0 | 60 |
B3 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | C12 | 1 | 25,0 | 58 |
B4 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | C14 | 1 | 27,0 | 56 |
B5 (V) | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | C16 | 1 | 29,0 | 55 |
B6 (V) | MSA-co-C10-α-Olefin (1 : 1) | C12 | 1 | 20,0 | 57 |
B7 | MSA-co-C16-α-Olefin (1 : 1) | C12 | 1 | 26,0 | 56 |
B8 | MSA-co-C14-α-Olefin (1 : 1) | C14 | 1 | 26,0 | 58 |
B9 | MSA-co-C10-α-Olefin (1 : 1) | C16 C18 | 0,5 0,5 | 25,0 | 59 |
B10 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin-co-Allylmethylpolyglykol (1:0,45 : 0,45:0,1) | C12 | 1 | 25,0 | 56 |
B11 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | C12 | 25,0 | 0,32 | |
B12 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | C12 | 1 | 25,0 | 1,5 |
B13 | MSA-co-C14/16-α-Olefin (1 : 0,5 : 0,5) | di-C12 | 1 | 25,0 | 50 |
B14 (V) | Fumarat-Vinylacetat (1 : 1) | C14 | 2 | n.a. | 0,4 |
n.a. = nicht anwendbar (V) = Vergleichsbeispiel |
Charakterisierung der eingesetzten weiteren Fließverbesserer | |
C3 | Umsetzungsprodukt eines Copolymers aus C14/C16-Olefin und Maleinsäureanhydrid mit 2 Equivalenten sekundärem Talgfettamin pro Maleinsäureanhydrideinheit |
C4 | Umsetzungsprodukt von Phthalsäureanhydrid mit 2 Equivalenten di(hydriertem Talgfettamin) zum Amid-Ammoniumsalz |
C5 | Nonylphenolharz, hergestellt durch Kondensation einer Mischung von Dodecylphenol mit Formaldehyd, Mw 2000 g/mol |
C6 | Mischung aus 2 Teilen C3 und 1 Teil C5 |
C7 | Mischung aus gleichen Teilen C4 und C5 |
CFPP-Austestung in einer Mischung aus 75 Vol.-% Testöl D1 und 25 Vol.-% Testöl E1 (CP = -5,2°C; CFPP = -9°C) | ||||||
Bsp. | Fließverbesserer | Kammpolymer / Coadditiv | CFPP nach Zusatz von Fließverbesserer | |||
50 ppm | 100 ppm | 150 ppm | 200ppm | |||
1 | A2 | 150 ppm B1 | -11 | -18 | -19 | -22 |
2 | A2 | 150 ppm B2 | 18 | -19 | -20 | -21 |
3 | A2 | 150 ppm B3 | -21 | -21 | -21 | -22 |
4 | A2 | 150 ppm B4 | -11 | -15 | -18 | -20 |
5 (V) | A2 | 150 ppm B5 | -9 | -9 | -11 | -17 |
6 (V) | A2 | 150 ppm B6 | -10 | -13 | -13 | -15 |
7 | A1 | 150 ppm B9 | -19 | -20 | -22 | -23 |
8 | A1 | 100 ppm B10 | -20 | -20 | -21 | -23 |
9 | A1 | 100 ppm B11 | -19 | -20 | -20 | -22 |
10 | A1 | 100 ppm B12 | -21 | -22 | -22 | -23 |
11 | A2 | 150 ppm B13 | -18 | -19 | -19 | -22 |
12 | A2 | 75 ppm B3 75 ppm A4 | -18 | -20 | -22 | -25 |
13 (V) | A2 | 150 ppm B14 | -10 | -11 | -15 | -20 |
14 (V) | A2 | - | -11 | -16 | -17 | -19 |
CFPP-Austestung in einer Mischung aus 70 Vol.-% Testöl D2 und 30 Vol.-% Testöl E3 (CP = -5,8°C; CFPP = -12°C) | |||||||
Bsp. | Ethylen-Copolymer | Kammpolymer | Coadditiv | CFPP | |||
100 ppm | 150 ppm | 200 ppm | 300 ppm | ||||
15 | 80 %A3 | 20 % B1 | 150 ppm C6 | -18 | -20 | -22 | -22 |
16 | 80 %A3 | 20 % B2 | 150 ppm C6 | -20 | -21 | -21 | -24 |
17 | 80 % A3 | 20 % B3 | 150 ppm C6 | -20 | -22 | -23 | -27 |
18 | 80 % A3 | 20 % B4 | 150 ppm C6 | -20 | -22 | -22 | -23 |
19 | 75 % A1 | 25 % B7 | 150 ppm C7 | -19 | -21 | -22 | -24 |
20 | 85 % A1 | 15 % B8 | 150 ppm C7 | -19 | -22 | -24 | -25 |
21 | 80 % A1 | 20 % B11 | 150 ppm C6 | -20 | -22 | -23 | -25 |
22 | 80 % A1 | 20 % B12 | 150 ppm C6 | -20 | -23 | -24 | -26 |
23 (V) | 80 % A3 | 20 % B6 | 150 ppm C6 | -18 | -19 | -20 | -20 |
24 (V) | 80 % A3 | 20 % B5 | 150 ppm C6 | -10 | -14 | -17 | -18 |
25 (V) | 80 % A1 | 20 % B14 | 150 ppm C7 | -15 | -16 | -18 | -22 |
26 (V) | 100 % A1 | ― | 150 ppm C6 | -18 | -19 | -20 | -22 |
CFPP-Austestung in einer Mischung aus 80 Vol.-% Testöl D3 und 20 Vol.-% Testöl E2 (CP = -3,3°C; CFPP = -10°C) | ||||||
Bsp. | Ethylen-Copolymer | Kammpolymer | CFPP | |||
100 ppm | 200 ppm | 250 ppm | 300 ppm | |||
27 | 80 %A3 | 20 % B1 | -16 | -19 | -24 | -26 |
28 | 80 %A3 | 20 % B2 | -20 | -23 | -25 | -27 |
29 | 80 % A3 | 20 % B3 | -21 | -22 | -24 | -28 |
30 | 80 % A1 | 20 % B12 | -21 | -23 | -25 | -29 |
31 | 80 % A3 | 20 % B4 | -19 | -21 | -23 | -25 |
32 (V) | 80 % A3 | 20 % B6 | -15 | -18 | -22 | -23 |
33 (V) | 80 % A3 | 20 % B5 | -10 | -15 | -17 | -19 |
34 (V) | 80 % A1 | 20 % B14 | -15 | -17 | -19 | -21 |
35 (V) | 100 % A1 | ― | -11 | -20 | -22 | -22 |
Claims (20)
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung F), enthaltendF1) ein Brennstofföl mineralischen Ursprungs undF2) ein Brennstofföl pflanzlichen und/oder tierischen Ursprungs, undA) mindestens ein Copolymer aus Ethylen und 8 - 21 Mol-% mindestens eines Acryl- oder Vinylesters mit einem C1-C18-Alkylrest undB) mindestens ein Kammpolymer, enthaltend Struktureinheiten ausB1) mindestens einem Olefin als Monomer 1, welches an der olefinischen Doppelbindung wenigstens einen C8-C18-Alkylrest trägt, undB2) mindestens einer ethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäure als Monomer 2, welche mindestens einen über eine Amid- und/oder Imidgruppierung gebundenen C8-C16-Alkylrest trägt,
- w1
- der molare Anteil der einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten von Monomer 1,
- w2
- der molare Anteil der einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten der Amidund/oder Imidgruppen von Monomer 2,
- n1
- die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten von Monomer 1,
- n2
- die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten der Amid und/oder Imidgruppen von Monomer 2,
- i
- die Laufvariable für die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten von Monomer 1, und
- j
- die Laufvariable für die einzelnen Kettenlängen in den Alkylresten der Amid und/oder Imidgruppen von Monomer 2 sind.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, worin Q von 22,0 bis 27,0 beträgt.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2, worin in Bestandteil A außer Ethylen 3,5 bis 20 Mol-% Vinylacetat und 0,1 bis 12 Mol-% Neononansäurevinylester, Neodecansäurevinylester oder 2-Ethylhexansäurevinylester enthalten sind, wobei der gesamte Comonomergehalt zwischen 8 und 21 Mol-% liegt.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, worin in Bestandteil A neben Ethylen und 8 bis 18 Mol-% Vinylestern noch 0,5 bis 10 Mol-% Olefine, ausgewählt aus Propen, Buten, Isobutylen, Hexen, 4-Methylpenten, Octen, Diisobutylen oder Norbornen enthalten sind.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, worin die Copolymere, die Bestandteil A ausmachen, Schmelzviskositäten zwischen 20 und 10.000 mPas aufweisen.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, worin die Copolymere, die Bestandteil A ausmachen, Verzweigungsgrade zwischen 1 und 9 CH3/100 CH2-Gruppen, die nicht aus den Comonomeren stammen, aufweisen.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, worin die Copolymere, die Bestandteil B ausmachen, Comonomere enthalten, welche von Amiden und/oder Imiden der Maleinsäure, Fumarsäure und/oder Itaconsäure abgeleitet sind.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, worin die Amide und/oder Imide des Bestandteils B von primären Aminen abgeleitet sind.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, worin die Amide und/oder Imide des Bestandteils B von Aminen mit linearen Alkylresten abgeleitet sind.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, worin die Amide und/oder Imide des Bestandteils B von Monoaminen abgeleitet sind.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, worin die mittlere Molekülmasse der erfindungsgemäßen Copolymere B zwischen 1.200 und 200.000 g/mol beträgt.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, worin die Copolymere, die Bestandteil B ausmachen, Comonomere enthalten, welche von α-Olefinen abgeleitet sind.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, worin das Mischungsverhältnis A:B zwischen 10:1 und 1:10 liegt.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, enthaltend polare stickstoffhaltige Paraffindispergatoren.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, worin der Anteil an F2 größer als 2 Vol.-% ist.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennstofföl tierischen oder pflanzlichen Ursprungs einen oder mehrere Ester aus Monocarbonsäure mit 14 bis 24 C-Atomen und Alkohol mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen enthält.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Alkohol Methanol oder Ethanol ist.
- Brennstoffölzusammensetzung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennstofföl tierischen oder pflanzlichen Ursprungs mehr als 4 Gew.-% an Estern gesättigter Fettsäuren enthält.
- Verwendung eines Additivs wie in einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 14 definiert zur Verbesserung der Kaltfließeigenschaften von Mischungen aus mineralischen Brennstoffölen und Brennstoffölen tierischen oder pflanzlichen Ursprungs.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Brennstoffölzusammensetzungen F, enthaltend Brennstofföle mineralischen (F1) und tierischen und/oder pflanzlichen (F2) Ursprungs, mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften, indem man der Mischung von Brennstoffölen mineralischen (F1) und tierischen und/oder pflanzlichen (F2) Ursprungs ein Additiv wie in einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 14 definiert zusetzt.
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KR (1) | KR101139276B1 (de) |
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DE10357877B4 (de) * | 2003-12-11 | 2008-05-29 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
DE102006022719B4 (de) * | 2006-05-16 | 2008-10-02 | Clariant International Limited | Kaltfließverbesserer für pflanzliche oder tierische Brennstofföle |
DE102006022720B4 (de) * | 2006-05-16 | 2008-10-02 | Clariant International Limited | Kaltfließverbesserer für pflanzliche oder tierische Brennstofföle |
-
2003
- 2003-12-11 DE DE10357880A patent/DE10357880B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-11-30 HU HUE04028306A patent/HUE027738T2/en unknown
- 2004-11-30 EP EP04028306.1A patent/EP1541662B1/de active Active
- 2004-12-09 JP JP2004357284A patent/JP5025080B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-10 CA CA002490049A patent/CA2490049A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-10 KR KR1020040104256A patent/KR101139276B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-12-10 US US11/009,885 patent/US7815697B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US4985048A (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1991-01-15 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Polymer mixtures for improving the low-temperature flow properties of mineral oil distillates |
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US20030163951A1 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2003-09-04 | Eydoux Frank G | Multifunctional additive compositions enabling middle distillates to be operable in cold conditions |
EP1146108A2 (de) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-10-17 | Clariant GmbH | Copolymermischungen und ihre Verwendung als Additiv zur Verbesserung der Kaltfliesseigenschaften von Mitteldestillaten |
Cited By (14)
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US9663740B2 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2017-05-30 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Polymeric imides as pour point depressant additives for oil compositions |
GB2429210A (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2007-02-21 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Pour point depressant additives for oil compositons |
GB2429210B (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2008-10-08 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Pour point depressant additives for oil compositions |
US7942941B2 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2011-05-17 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Pour point depressant additives for oil compositions |
WO2005097953A1 (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-10-20 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Pour point depressant additives for oil compositions |
EP1935967A1 (de) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-06-25 | Clariant International Ltd. | Pour Point Verbesserer für pflanzliche oder tierische Brennstofföle |
WO2010081634A1 (de) | 2009-01-13 | 2010-07-22 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen mit verbessertem trübungspunkt und verbesserten lagerungseigenschaften |
WO2011095249A1 (en) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | A composition having improved filterability |
WO2018108534A1 (de) | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Basf Se | Polymere als dieselkraftstoffadditive für direkteinspritzende dieselmotoren |
CN110088253A (zh) * | 2016-12-15 | 2019-08-02 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 作为燃料添加剂的聚合物 |
US10947467B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2021-03-16 | Basf Se | Polymers as additives for fuels |
US20210163837A1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2021-06-03 | Basf Se | Polymers as additives for fuels |
CN110088253B (zh) * | 2016-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 作为燃料添加剂的聚合物 |
US11566196B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 | 2023-01-31 | Basf Se | Polymers as additives for fuels |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2490049A1 (en) | 2005-06-11 |
US20050126072A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
DE10357880A1 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
JP2005171256A (ja) | 2005-06-30 |
KR20050058223A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
EP1541662B1 (de) | 2015-09-02 |
HUE027738T2 (en) | 2016-11-28 |
US7815697B2 (en) | 2010-10-19 |
JP5025080B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
KR101139276B1 (ko) | 2012-04-26 |
DE10357880B4 (de) | 2008-05-29 |
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