EP1361488A1 - Method and apparatus for classifying vehicles equipped with wheels - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for classifying vehicles equipped with wheels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1361488A1 EP1361488A1 EP02010325A EP02010325A EP1361488A1 EP 1361488 A1 EP1361488 A1 EP 1361488A1 EP 02010325 A EP02010325 A EP 02010325A EP 02010325 A EP02010325 A EP 02010325A EP 1361488 A1 EP1361488 A1 EP 1361488A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wheels
- vehicle
- characteristic feature
- image
- view
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/04—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using optical or ultrasonic detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/015—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for distinguishing between two or more types of vehicles, e.g. between motor-cars and cycles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for automatic classification of with wheels equipped vehicles.
- the Control of vehicles is particularly complex in that the Tolls to be paid are usually not only from the traveled distance, but also from the load should be made dependent by using the Is caused by the respective vehicle. So heavy trucks, for example, are supposed to be higher Pay fees as easy as the heavier Trucks, for example, have a higher wear Cause lanes than lighter vehicles. Therefore are the road fees to be paid depending on the respective weight of the vehicle in load classes have been classified.
- the object of the invention was an automatic feasible method for classifying To create vehicles, especially trucks, that with a high degree of reliability and reliable results leads. Likewise, a device should be created with which this procedure can be carried out in a particularly simple manner can be carried out.
- This task is first accomplished through a process for automatic classification of wheeled vehicles Vehicles solved, one of which is a vehicle side assigned wheels mapping view of each classifying vehicle is recorded, in which at least one characteristic of the wheels of the Vehicle is determined by evaluating the side view and then based on the characteristic feature of Wheels the respective vehicle class is assigned.
- the captured view can be any type Act act to uniquely determine the location and size of the wheels of the vehicle detected in each case are suitable. So it can be a through a transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle aligned camera captured image of a long side act of the vehicle. It is also possible at Use of appropriately trained evaluation systems, Use images at a certain angle be recorded. In addition, it can be useful stereoscopic images of the side surface in question use. It is only essential that the location and size of the wheels from the captured view sufficient accuracy can be determined.
- the characteristic size of the Wheels can be, for example, a diameter, for example the outside diameter, at least one Tire, the diameter of at least one rim, the Difference in the outer diameter of the tire and rim at least one of the wheels or resulting from the number and Distribution of the assigned to each side of the vehicle View visible wheels resulting in number of axes of the Act vehicle.
- the reliability of the Detection can be increased not only in each case a geometric parameter of the wheels is determined, but that two and more such characteristics determined and when assigning the respective Load class are taken into account. Particularly reliable Results are obtained when the number of Axles of any vehicle with a tire or Wheel rim size of the characteristic parameter be combined.
- the invention is based on the idea that the tires and Rim size together with the number of axles as characteristic parameters can be used, which stand for the permissible total weight. So can be the particular one in trucks Load class based on easily recognizable geometric Sizes of the vehicle to be classified with high Assign reliability.
- the clearly defined, in particular in the view distinctive form of vehicle wheels allows even with an automatic Image acquisition and evaluation a clear, distinctive finding of the associated Classifying features.
- One for carrying out the method according to the invention particularly suitable device is with a Image capture device for capturing the view of the Vehicle and equipped with an evaluation device, which the respective characteristic feature at least one of the wheels of the vehicle by evaluating the from the Image capture device each captured to the Evaluation device determined image and the determined characteristic feature a vehicle class assigns.
- a device can be easily used conventional imaging devices such as one commercial digital video system, operate, which are available at low cost and are simple to set up and can be transported.
- the degree of automation of the Further increase the classification process by the image capture device is a device for automatic detection of the approach of a moving located vehicle includes.
- the invention is based on a Embodiment schematically illustrating drawing explained in more detail.
- the single figure shows a truck 1, which in a for trucks from a certain permissible Total weight enters toll road 2.
- the device 3 comprises an image capturing device 4, through a conventional digital working, portable video system that is formed on one here tripod, not shown, is placed on the side of the road.
- the image capture device 4 is equipped with a Device 4a for recognizing the approach of a Motor vehicle equipped.
- the image capture device 4 is via a data line 4b with one by a conventional Data processing device formed evaluation device 5 connected.
- the evaluation device 5 is in one also arranged portable housing 5a.
- the evaluation device 5 has a memory device equipped in which the result of that of Evaluation device 5 performed evaluation is saved. The evaluated in each case captured views A also for preservation of evidence can be saved. Likewise, the evaluation device 5 about a suitable, not shown here Remote data transmission device with a likewise not Central monitoring point shown, for example a central data acquisition device or one Traffic control center. Any of these Design enables a fully automatic Classification company for which no intervention by a Operator is required.
- the device 3 can also be part of a Surveillance system, not just the classification of the respective vehicle according to the load class, but also further measures required to identify the vehicle perform as an automatic detection of the Vehicle registration number, automatic detection of identification means etc. carried with the vehicle
- the device can be equipped with a signal device be connected when a one is detected with respect to a suspect improper payment of fees Vehicle a signal to lead this vehicle out of the gives off road traffic.
- the truck 1 has three axles A1, A2, A3 for each a pair of wheels, the first axis A1 in the range of Cab 1a and the other two axes A2, A3 as Twin axes closely adjacent in the area of the tail 1b of the Truck 1 are arranged. Accordingly, are on the right in the direction of travel F, visible in the figure Side of the truck 1 three wheels R1, R2, R3 too detect.
- the evaluation device 5 first uses an appropriate evaluation algorithm to determine the position of the wheels R1, R2, R3 in FIG.
- the distances m1, m2 of the centers of the wheels R1 and R2 or R1 and R3 corresponding to the distances between the axes A1, A2 and A1, A3 are then determined in order to make a clear statement about the number of axles of the truck 1.
- the outer diameter D R of the tire and the outer diameter D F of the rim are determined for the wheel R1.
- the number of axes A1 / A2, A3 and the diameter D R , D F of the tire R1 are then compared as geometric features characterizing the wheels R1, R2, R3 by the evaluation device 5 with data records which are stored in a memory of the evaluation device 5 and indicate which number of axles combined with typical tire and rim diameters is assigned to which load class.
- This comparison shows the load class LK, which is assigned to the truck.
- This load class LK is indicated by the display device 6 displayed to, for example, a monitoring person indicate that the truck 1 is a toll vehicle.
- That supplied by the evaluation device 5 Result for example, an automatic payment or Trigger the posting process, through which an account of the Vehicle owner or driver with the due toll is charged.
- the automatically performed by the device 3 Classification of the truck 1 can by further Recognition procedures are supplemented with which are not only classify the load class, but also an exact one Establishing the identity of the respective vehicle can be carried out.
- the advantage of how the Device 3 consists in that it operation according to the invention a safe selection of vehicles passing her according to her permissible Total weight in real time, so that if necessary, additional recognition or Payment methods are based on the actual toll underlying vehicles. can concentrate.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum automatischen Klassifizieren von mit Rädern ausgestatteten Fahrzeugen.The invention relates to a method and a device for automatic classification of with wheels equipped vehicles.
Die immer stärker werdende Belastung des Staßennetzes durch Lastkraftwagen und die damit verbundenen Kosten der Instandhaltung insbesondere von Autobahnen und Schnellstraßen haben dazu geführt, dass die Benutzung der betreffenden Straßen mit einer Maut belegt wird. Üblicherweise wird diese Maut beim Einfahren in die betreffende Straße an einer im Bereich der Einmündung angeordneten Mautstelle entrichtet. Dazu muss das jeweilige Fahrzeug anhalten oder zumindest so langsam fahren, dass die Bezahlung der Maut einwandfrei abgewickelt und der Zugang zu der mautpflichtigen Straße freigegeben werden kann.The ever increasing burden on the road network Trucks and the associated costs of Maintenance especially of highways and Expressways have resulted in the use of the toll roads are concerned. This toll is usually charged when entering the Road in question in the area of the confluence ordered toll station paid. To do this, the respective Stop the vehicle or at least drive so slowly that the payment of the toll was processed properly and the Access to the toll road will be released can.
Auf die bekannte Weise lässt sich zwar eine exakte Kontrolle der Entrichtung der Maut und des Zugangs zu dem mautpflichtigen Wegenetz bewerkstelligen. Allerdings führen der Zahlvorgang und die erst bei erfolgter Zahlung erfolgende Freigabe des Zugangs zu einer deutlichen Verzögerung des Verkehrsflusses. So kann es insbesondere bei hohem Verkehrsaufkommen zur Bildung größerer Fahrzeugstaus vor den Mautstellen kommen. An exact can be done in the known manner Control of toll payment and access to it manage toll road network. However, lead the payment process and only after payment has been made clearing access to a clear Delay in traffic flow. In particular, it can with high traffic to form larger ones There are traffic jams in front of the toll booths.
Es besteht daher aus verkehrsplanerischer Sicht die Anforderung, die Entrichtung der Maut so durchzuführen, dass der Verkehrsfluss weitestgehend ungestört bleibt. Diese Anforderung kann dadurch erfüllt werden, dass den Fahrzeugführern bzw. -haltern die Gelegenheit einer vorab erfolgenden pauschalen Entrichtung einer Straßenbenutzungsgebühr eingeräumt wird. Ebenso ist es denkbar, die Benutzung einer Fahrtstrecke nachträglich in Rechnung zu stellen.From a traffic planning perspective, there is therefore the Requirement to pay the toll in such a way that the flow of traffic remains largely undisturbed. This requirement can be met by the Drivers or owners of the opportunity in advance flat-rate payment of a Road user fee is granted. It is the same conceivable, the use of a route later To invoice.
Unabhängig davon, ob die Entrichtung der Benutzungsgebühr im Voraus erfolgt oder nachträglich abgerechnet wird, ist eine wirkungsvolle Kontrolle der Straßenbenutzung erforderlich. Erschwert wird diese Kontrolle einerseits durch die Vielfalt der Fahrzeugtypen. Andererseits wird die Kontrolle der Fahrzeuge dadurch besonders komplex, dass die zu entrichtende Maut in der Regel nicht nur von der zurückgelegten Strecke, sondern auch von der Belastung abhängig gemacht werden soll, die durch die Benutzung des Fahrwegs durch das jeweilige Fahrzeug verursacht wird. So sollen beispielsweise schwere Lastkraftfahrzeuge höhere Gebühren entrichten als leichte, da die schwereren Lastkraftwagen beispielsweise einen höheren Verschleiß der Fahrbahnen verursachen als leichtere Fahrzeuge. Daher sind die zu entrichtenden Straßengebühren in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Gewicht des Fahrzeugs in Lastklassen klassifiziert worden.Regardless of whether the payment of the user fee done in advance or billed subsequently effective control of road use required. On the one hand, this control is made more difficult through the variety of vehicle types. On the other hand, the Control of vehicles is particularly complex in that the Tolls to be paid are usually not only from the traveled distance, but also from the load should be made dependent by using the Is caused by the respective vehicle. So heavy trucks, for example, are supposed to be higher Pay fees as easy as the heavier Trucks, for example, have a higher wear Cause lanes than lighter vehicles. Therefore are the road fees to be paid depending on the respective weight of the vehicle in load classes have been classified.
Es ist vorgeschlagen worden, eine automatische Erkennung der jeweiligen Lastklasse eines Fahrzeugs durch eine automatisierte Erfassung seiner geometrischen Maße, wie Gesamtbreite, Gesamthöhe, Gesamtlänge etc., durchzuführen. Nachteilig an diesem Vorgehen ist jedoch, dass die Ergebnisse einer automatisch erfolgenden Bildauswertung stark durch die von dem Fahrzeug jeweils transportierten Lasten oder andere Aufbauten beeinflusst werden, die zwar nicht zu einer nennenswerten Änderung des Gewichts des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs selbst führen, sein Erscheinungsbild gegenüber dem Standardtyp des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs jedoch deutlich verändern. Aufgrund dieser Einflüsse lässt sich eine zuverlässig automatisierte Erkennung von durch ihre äußere Erscheinung gekennzeichneten Fahrzeugen nicht mit der erforderlichen Sicherheit bewerkstelligen.Automatic detection has been proposed the respective load class of a vehicle by a automated capture of its geometric dimensions, such as Overall width, overall height, overall length, etc. However, a disadvantage of this procedure is that the Results of an automatic image evaluation heavily by those transported by the vehicle Loads or other structures that are affected not a significant change in the weight of the each vehicle itself, its appearance compared to the standard type of the respective vehicle, however change significantly. Because of these influences, a reliable automated detection of by your vehicles marked with an external appearance achieve the required security.
Es ist versucht worden, die bei einer bildgestützten Erfassung und Klassifizierung von Fahrzeugen bestehenden Probleme dadurch zu umgehen, dass anstelle geometrischer Kenngrößen magnetische Charakteristika der Fahrzeuge erfasst werden. Dazu werden Magnetfeldsensoren in der Straßendecke angeordnet, welche die in Abhängigkeit von der Masse an magnetisierbarem Material des Fahrzeugs eintretende Änderung eines elektromagnetischen Feldes erfassen und einer bestimmten Gewichtsklasse zuordnen. Auf diese Weise lässt sich zwar die Treffsicherheit bei der gewichtsabhängigen Klassifizierung des jeweils erfassten Fahrzeugs erhöhen. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass die bekannten Magnetfeldsensoren fest in der Straßendecke angeordnet sein müssen und dazu umfangreiche bauliche Maßnahmen an der jeweils überwachten Straße erforderlich sind, die zu einer Behinderung des laufenden Verkehrs und erheblichen Kosten führen.It has been attempted at an image-based Registration and classification of existing vehicles Work around problems by using geometric instead Magnetic characteristics of vehicles be recorded. For this purpose, magnetic field sensors in the Street surface arranged which the depending on the Mass of magnetizable material of the vehicle occurring change of an electromagnetic field record and assign to a certain weight class. On in this way, the marksmanship at weight-dependent classification of the recorded Increase vehicle. The disadvantage, however, is that the known magnetic field sensors firmly in the road surface must be arranged and extensive structural Measures required on the monitored street are that lead to a hindrance to ongoing traffic and lead to considerable costs.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung bestand darin, ein automatisch durchführbares Verfahren zur Klassifizierung von Fahrzeugen, insbesondere Lastkraftwagen, zu schaffen, das mit einer hohen Sicherheit zu verlässlichen Ergebnissen führt. Ebenso sollte eine Vorrichtung geschaffen werden, mit der sich dieses Verfahren in besonders einfacher Weise durchführen lässt.The object of the invention was an automatic feasible method for classifying To create vehicles, especially trucks, that with a high degree of reliability and reliable results leads. Likewise, a device should be created with which this procedure can be carried out in a particularly simple manner can be carried out.
Diese Aufgabe wird zuerst durch ein Verfahren zum automatischen Klassifizieren von mit Rädern ausgestatteten Fahrzeugen gelöst, bei dem eine die einer Fahrzeugseite zugeordneten Räder abbildende Ansicht des jeweils zu klassifizierenden Fahrzeugs erfasst wird, bei dem mindestens ein charakteristisches Merkmal der Räder des Fahrzeugs durch Auswerten der Seitenansicht ermittelt wird und bei dem dann anhand des charakteristischen Merkmals der Räder die jeweilige Fahrzeugklasse zugeordnet wird.This task is first accomplished through a process for automatic classification of wheeled vehicles Vehicles solved, one of which is a vehicle side assigned wheels mapping view of each classifying vehicle is recorded, in which at least one characteristic of the wheels of the Vehicle is determined by evaluating the side view and then based on the characteristic feature of Wheels the respective vehicle class is assigned.
Bei der erfassten Ansicht kann es sich um jede Art Abbildung handeln, die zum eindeutigen Bestimmen der Lage und Größe der Räder des jeweils detektierten Fahrzeugs geeignet sind. So kann es sich bei der Aufnahme um eine durch eine quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeugs ausgerichtete Kamera erfasste Abbildung einer Längsseite des Fahrzeugs handeln. Ebenso ist es möglich, bei Verwendung entsprechend ausgebildeter Auswertesysteme, Abbildungen zu verwenden, die unter einem bestimmten Winkel erfaßt werden. Darüber hinaus kann es zweckmäßig sein, stereoskopische Aufnahmen der betreffenden Seitenfläche zu verwenden. Wesentlich ist jeweils lediglich, dass die Lage und Größe der Räder aus der erfassten Ansicht mit ausreichender Genauigkeit bestimmt werden kann.The captured view can be any type Act act to uniquely determine the location and size of the wheels of the vehicle detected in each case are suitable. So it can be a through a transverse to the direction of travel of the vehicle aligned camera captured image of a long side act of the vehicle. It is also possible at Use of appropriately trained evaluation systems, Use images at a certain angle be recorded. In addition, it can be useful stereoscopic images of the side surface in question use. It is only essential that the location and size of the wheels from the captured view sufficient accuracy can be determined.
Bei der jeweils ermittelten charakteristischen Größe der Räder kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Durchmesser, beispielsweise den Außendurchmesser, mindestens eines Reifens, den Durchmesser mindestens einer Felge, die Differenz des Außendurchmessers von Reifen und Felge mindestens eines der Räder oder die sich aus der Zahl und Verteilung der jeder Fahrzeugseite zugeordneten, auf der Ansicht sichtbaren Räder ergebenden Anzahl der Achsen des Fahrzeugs handeln. Dabei kann die Zuverlässigkeit der Erkennung dadurch gesteigert werden, dass nicht nur jeweils eine geometrische Kenngröße der Räder ermittelt wird, sondern dass zwei und mehr solcher Charakteristika festgestellt und bei der Zuordnung der jeweiligen Lastklasse berücksichtigt werden. Besonders zuverlässige Ergebnisse ergeben sich dabei dann, wenn die Anzahl der Achsen jedes Fahrzeugs mit einer die Reifen- oder Felgengröße der Räder charakterisierenden Kenngröße kombiniert werden.Given the characteristic size of the Wheels can be, for example, a diameter, for example the outside diameter, at least one Tire, the diameter of at least one rim, the Difference in the outer diameter of the tire and rim at least one of the wheels or resulting from the number and Distribution of the assigned to each side of the vehicle View visible wheels resulting in number of axes of the Act vehicle. The reliability of the Detection can be increased not only in each case a geometric parameter of the wheels is determined, but that two and more such characteristics determined and when assigning the respective Load class are taken into account. Particularly reliable Results are obtained when the number of Axles of any vehicle with a tire or Wheel rim size of the characteristic parameter be combined.
Die Erfindung geht von dem Gedanken aus, dass die Reifenund Felgengröße zusammen mit der -Achszahl als charakteristische Kenngrößen herangezogen werden können, die für das jeweils zulässige Gesamtgewicht stehen. So lässt sich insbesondere bei Lastkraftwagen die jeweilige Lastklasse anhand von einfach erkennbaren geometrischen Größen des jeweils zu klassifizierenden Fahrzeugs mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit zuordnen. Die klar definierte, insbesondere in der Ansicht unverwechselbare Form von Fahrzeugrädern erlaubt dabei auch bei einer automatisch erfolgenden Bilderfassung und -auswertung eine eindeutige, unverwechselbare Feststellung der die zugeordnete Klassifizierung ergebenden Merkmale.The invention is based on the idea that the tires and Rim size together with the number of axles as characteristic parameters can be used, which stand for the permissible total weight. So can be the particular one in trucks Load class based on easily recognizable geometric Sizes of the vehicle to be classified with high Assign reliability. The clearly defined, in particular in the view distinctive form of vehicle wheels allows even with an automatic Image acquisition and evaluation a clear, distinctive finding of the associated Classifying features.
Versuche haben gezeigt, dass durch die Einbindung der Erfassung von Reifen- und Felgengröße die Zahl der jeweils richtig klassifizierten Lastkraftwagen deutlich erhöht werden konnte. Während die bekannten Verfahren jeweils nur Erkennungsquoten im Bereich von 70 % lieferten, stellen Fehlerkennungen und -klassifizierungen bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Ausnahme dar. Daher eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise beispielsweise zur zuverlässigen automatischen Unterscheidung von mautpflichtigen und mautfreien Fahrzeugen bei der Einfahrt in Straßen, die für Fahrzeuge mit einem ein bestimmtes Gewicht überschreitenden zulässigen Gesamtgewicht mautpflichtig sind.Tests have shown that by integrating the Detection of tire and rim size the number of each correctly classified trucks increased significantly could be. While the known methods only Detection rates in the range of 70% provided, set Error detection and classification in the The method according to the invention is the exception. Therefore suitable the procedure according to the invention, for example for the reliable automatic differentiation of toll and toll-free vehicles at the entrance in roads designed for vehicles with a particular Permissible total weight exceeding the weight are subject to tolls.
Dabei kann es günstig sein, die gemäß der Erfindung durchgeführte Erkennung von charakteristischen Merkmalen der Räder selbst bzw. ihrer geometrischen Anordnung am Fahrzeug mit einer konventionellen Erfassung der die gesamte Form des Fahrzeugs kennzeichnenden Merkmalen, wie Gesamtbreite, -höhe etc., zu kombinieren, um die Genauigkeit der Klassifizierung weiter zu steigern.It may be convenient according to the invention carried out recognition of characteristic features the wheels themselves or their geometric arrangement on Vehicle with a conventional detection of the overall shape of the vehicle distinguishing features, such as Total width, height, etc. to combine to make the To further increase the accuracy of the classification.
Eine für die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besonders geeignete Vorrichtung ist mit einer Bilderfassungseinrichtung zum Erfassen der Ansicht des Fahrzeugs und mit einer Auswerteinrichtung ausgestattet, die das jeweilige charakteristische Merkmal mindestens eines der Räder des Fahrzeugs durch Auswerten des von der Bilderfassungseinrichtung jeweils erfassten, an die Auswerteinrichtung gelieferten Bildes ermittelt und des ermittelten charakteristischen Merkmals eine Fahrzeugklasse zuordnet. Eine solche Vorrichtung lässt sich problemlos mit konventionellen Bilderfassungseinrichtungen, wie einem handelsüblichen portablen digitalem Videosystem, betreiben, die kostengünstig erhältlich sind und einfach aufgebaut und transportiert werden können.One for carrying out the method according to the invention particularly suitable device is with a Image capture device for capturing the view of the Vehicle and equipped with an evaluation device, which the respective characteristic feature at least one of the wheels of the vehicle by evaluating the from the Image capture device each captured to the Evaluation device determined image and the determined characteristic feature a vehicle class assigns. Such a device can be easily used conventional imaging devices such as one commercial digital video system, operate, which are available at low cost and are simple to set up and can be transported.
Dabei lässt sich der Grad der Automatisierung des Klassifizierungsvorgangs dadurch weiter steigern, dass die Bilderfassungseinrichtung eine Einrichtung zum automatischen Erkennen des Herannahens eines in Bewegung befindlichen Fahrzeugs umfasst.The degree of automation of the Further increase the classification process by the image capture device is a device for automatic detection of the approach of a moving located vehicle includes.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel schematisch darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is based on a Embodiment schematically illustrating drawing explained in more detail.
Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Lastkraftwagen 1, der in eine
für Lastkraftwagen ab einem bestimmten zulässigen
Gesamtgewicht mautpflichtigen Straße 2 einfährt. Im Bereich
der Einfahrt ist eine Vorrichtung 3 zum automatischen
Feststellen der Gewichtsklasse der in die Straße 2
einbiegenden Lastkraftwagen angeordnet.The single figure shows a
Die Vorrichtung 3 umfasst eine Bilderfassungseinrichtung 4,
die durch ein konventionelles digital arbeitendes,
portables Videosystem gebildet ist, dass auf einem hier
nicht gezeigten Stativ am Straßenrand aufgestellt ist.
Zusätzlich ist die Bilderfassungseinrichtung 4 mit einer
Einrichtung 4a zum Erkennen des Herannahens eines
Kraftfahrzeugs ausgestattet.The
Die Bilderfassungseinrichtung 4 ist über eine Datenleitung
4b mit einer durch eine konventionelle
Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung gebildeten Auswerteinrichtung
5 verbunden. Die Auswerteinrichtung 5 ist in einem
ebenfalls transportablen Gehäuse 5a angeordnet.The
Soll eine Kontrolle vor Ort durchgeführt werden, so kann in
dem Gehäuse 5a darüber hinaus eine an die
Auswerteinrichtung 5 angeschlossene Anzeigeeinrichtung 6 in
Form eines konventionellen Bildschirms untergebracht sein. If a check is to be carried out on site, in
the
Die Auswerteinrichtung 5 ist mit einer Speichereinrichtung
ausgestattet, in der das Ergebnis der von der
Auswerteinrichtung 5 durchgeführten Auswertung
abgespeichert wird. Dabei können die jeweils ausgewerteten
erfassten Ansichten A zur Beweissicherung ebenfalls
abgespeichert werden. Ebenso kann die Auswerteinrichtung 5
über eine geeignete, hier nicht dargestellte
Datenfernübertragungseinrichtung mit einer ebenfalls nicht
gezeigten zentralen Überwachungsstelle, beispielsweise
einer zentralen Datenerfassungseinrichtung oder einer
Verkehrsleitstelle, verbunden sein. Jede dieser
Ausgestaltungen ermöglicht einen vollautomatischen
Klassifizierungsbetrieb, für den kein Eingriff durch eine
Bedienungsperson erforderlich ist.The
Die Vorrichtung 3 kann ebenso Teil eines
Überwachungssystems sein, das nicht nur die Klassifizierung
des jeweiligen Fahrzeuges nach der Lastklasse, sondern auch
weitere zur Erkennung des Fahrzeugs erforderliche Maßnahmen
durchführen, wie eine automatische Erkennung des
Fahrzeugkennzeichens, eine automatische Erkennung von von
dem Fahrzeug mitgeführten Identifikationsmitteln etc.The
Zudem kann die Vorrichtung mit einer Signaleinrichtung verbunden sein, die bei Erfassung eines hinsichtlich einer nicht ordnungsgemäßen Entrichtung von Gebühren verdächtigen Fahrzeugs ein Signal zum Ausleiten dieses Fahrzeugs aus dem laufenden Straßenverkehr abgibt.In addition, the device can be equipped with a signal device be connected when a one is detected with respect to a suspect improper payment of fees Vehicle a signal to lead this vehicle out of the gives off road traffic.
Der Lastkraftwagen 1 weist drei Achsen A1,A2,A3 für jeweils
ein Räderpaar auf, wobei die erste Achse A1 im Bereich des
Führerhauses 1a und die beiden anderen Achsen A2,A3 als
Zwillingsachsen eng benachbart im Bereich des Hecks 1b des
Lastkraftwagens 1 angeordnet sind. Dementsprechend sind auf
der in Fahrtrichtung F rechten, in der Figur sichtbaren
Seite des Lastkraftwagens 1 drei Räder R1,R2,R3 zu
erkennen.The
Stellt die Einrichtung 4a das Herannahen des
Lastkraftwagens 1 fest, so macht die
Bilderfassungseinrichtung 4 eine Aufnahme A der in
Fahrtrichtung F für sie sichtbaren Seitenansicht des
Lastkraftwagens 1. Diese Abbildung A der Seitenansicht des
Lastkraftwagens 1 wird als digitaler Datensatz über die
Datenleitung 4b an die Auswerteinrichtung 5 geliefert.Is the
Die Auswerteinrichtung 5 stellt durch Anwendung eines
geeigneten Auswertalgorithmus zunächst die Lage der Räder
R1,R2,R3 in der Abbildung A fest. Anschließend werden die
den Abständen der Achsen A1,A2 und A1,A3 entsprechenden
Abstände m1,m2 der Mittelpunkte der Räder R1 und R2 bzw. R1
und R3 ermittelt, um eine eindeutige Aussage über die
Anzahl der Achsen des Lastkraftwagens 1 zu treffen.
Zusätzlich werden für das Rad R1 der Außendurchmesser DR
des Reifens und der Außendurchmesser DF der Felge
festgestellt.The
Die Anzahl der Achsen A1/A2,A3 sowie die Durchmesser DR,DF
des Reifens R1 werden als die Räder R1,R2,R3
charakterisierende geometrische Merkmale dann von der
Auswerteinrichtung 5 mit Datensätzen verglichen, die in
einem Speicher der Auswerteinrichtung 5 abgelegt sind und
angeben, welchen mit typischen Reifen- und
Felgendurchmessern kombinierten Achszahlen welche
Lastklasse zugeordnet ist. Dieser Vergleich ergibt die
Lastklasse LK, die dem Lastkraftwagen zugeordnet ist. The number of axes A1 / A2, A3 and the diameter D R , D F of the tire R1 are then compared as geometric features characterizing the wheels R1, R2, R3 by the
Diese Lastklasse LK wird von der Anzeigeeinrichtung 6
angezeigt, um beispielsweise einer Überwachungsperson
anzuzeigen, dass es sich bei dem Lastkraftwagen 1 um ein
mautpflichtiges Fahrzeug handelt.This load class LK is indicated by the
Zusätzlich kann das von der Auswerteinrichtung 5 gelieferte
Ergebnis beispielsweise einen automatischen Zahlungs- oder
Verbuchungsvorgang auslösen, durch den ein Konto des
Fahrzeughalters oder -führers mit der fälligen Maut
belastet wird.In addition, that supplied by the
Die von der Vorrichtung 3 automatisch vorgenommene
Klassifizierung des Lastkraftwagens 1 kann durch weitere
Erkennungsverfahren ergänzt werden, mit denen sich nicht
nur die Lastklasse einstufen, sondern auch eine exakte
Feststellung der Identität des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs
durchführen lässt. Der Vorteil der Funktionsweise der
Vorrichtung 3 besteht dabei darin, dass sie bei
erfindungsgemäßer Betriebsweise eine sichere Selektion der
an ihr vorbei fahrenden Fahrzeuge nach ihrem zulässigen
Gesamtgewicht in Echtzeit ermöglicht, so dass die
gegebenenfalls ergänzend durchgeführten Erkennungs- oder
Zahlungsverfahren sich auf die der Mautpflicht tatsächlich
unterliegenden Fahrzeuge. konzentrieren können. The automatically performed by the
- 11
- LastkraftwagenLorry
- 1a1a
-
Führerhaus des Lastkraftwagens 1
Truck cab 1 - 1b1b
-
Heck des Lastkraftwagens 1Rear of the
truck 1 - 22
- mautpflichtige Straßetoll road
- 33
-
Vorrichtung zum automatischen Feststellen der
Gewichtsklasse der in die Straße 2 einbiegenden
LastkraftwagenDevice for automatic detection of the
Weight class of the turning into
street 2 Lorry - 44
- BilderfassungseinrichtungImage capture device
- 4a4a
- Einrichtung zum Erkennen des Herannahens eines KraftfahrzeugsDevice for recognizing the approach of a motor vehicle
- 4b4b
- Datenleitungdata line
- 55
- Auswerteinrichtungevaluation
- 5a5a
-
transportables Gehäuse der Auswerteinrichtung 5Transportable housing of the
evaluation device 5 - 66
- Anzeigeeinrichtungdisplay
- AA
-
Aufnahme der sichtbaren Seitenansicht des
Lastkraftwagens 1Image of the visible side view of the
Truck 1 - A1,A2,A3A1, A2, A3
-
Achsen des Lastkraftwagens 1
Truck axles 1 - DR D R
- Außendurchmesser des Reifens des Rades R1Outside diameter of the tire of the R1 wheel
- DF D F
- Außendurchmesser der Felge des Rades R1Outside diameter of the rim of the R1 wheel
- FF
- Fahrtrichtungdirection of travel
- LKLK
- Lastklasseload class
- m1,m2m1, m2
- Abstände der Achsen der Räder R1,R2 bzw. R1,R3Distance between the axles of the wheels R1, R2 or R1, R3
- R1,R2,R3R1, R2, R3
-
Räder des Lastkraftwagens 1Wheels of the
truck 1
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE50210498T DE50210498D1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | Method and apparatus for automatically classifying wheeled vehicles |
| DK02010325T DK1361488T3 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | Method and apparatus for automatic classification of vehicles equipped with wheels |
| AT02010325T ATE367601T1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY CLASSIFYING WHEELED VEHICLES |
| EP02010325A EP1361488B1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | Method and apparatus for classifying vehicles equipped with wheels |
| PCT/EP2003/003513 WO2003096300A1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2003-04-04 | Method and device for the automatic classification of wheeled vehicles |
| AU2003226781A AU2003226781A1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2003-04-04 | Method and device for the automatic classification of wheeled vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02010325A EP1361488B1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | Method and apparatus for classifying vehicles equipped with wheels |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1361488A1 true EP1361488A1 (en) | 2003-11-12 |
| EP1361488B1 EP1361488B1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
Family
ID=29225619
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02010325A Expired - Lifetime EP1361488B1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2002-05-07 | Method and apparatus for classifying vehicles equipped with wheels |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1361488B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE367601T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003226781A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50210498D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1361488T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003096300A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005001792A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for reducing the risk of injury of passengers in the event of an accident |
| EP1702313A1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2006-09-20 | Redflex Traffic Systems PTY LTD. | Vehicle speed determination system and method |
| WO2016026568A1 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | Jenoptik Robot Gmbh | Method and axle-counting device for contact-free axle counting of a vehicle and axle-counting system for road traffic |
| EP3026653A1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-01 | Kapsch TrafficCom AB | Method of controlling a traffic surveillance system |
| JP2017049846A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-09 | 三菱重工メカトロシステムズ株式会社 | Toll collection machine, toll collection system, toll collection method, and program |
| JP2017054246A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-16 | 三菱重工メカトロシステムズ株式会社 | Toll collection machine, toll collection system, statistic system, toll collection method, and program |
| DE102019125188A1 (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-25 | RailWatch GmbH & Co. KG | Contactless recording of the number of axles on a moving rail vehicle |
| US20210237574A1 (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-05 | Paccar Inc | Dynamic chassis and tire status indications |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2004303899B2 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2010-06-03 | Rts R & D Pty Ltd | Vehicle speed determination system and method |
| RU2486597C1 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2013-06-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Техно-траффик" | Method of automatic classification of vehicles |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4813004A (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1989-03-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method for measuring the maximum gross weight of a motor vehicle |
| JPH11224325A (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-17 | Toshiba Corp | System and method for detecting approach |
| JP2001283375A (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-12 | Fujitsu Ltd | Vehicle sort measuring device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB675426A (en) * | 1950-06-15 | 1952-07-09 | Eastern Ind Inc | Improvements in or relating to traffic counting apparatus |
| FR2693301B1 (en) * | 1992-07-06 | 1994-08-05 | Est Centre Tech Equip | DEVICE FOR DETECTING ONE OR MORE WHEELS OF A ROLLING MOBILE MACHINE. |
| US6304321B1 (en) * | 1992-11-23 | 2001-10-16 | Schwartz Electro-Optics, Inc. | Vehicle classification and axle counting sensor system and method |
| DE4304298A1 (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1994-08-18 | Atlas Elektronik Gmbh | Method for classifying vehicles passing a given waypoint |
| JP3752725B2 (en) * | 1995-08-10 | 2006-03-08 | 神鋼電機株式会社 | Vehicle type identification device |
| KR970049929A (en) * | 1995-12-30 | 1997-07-29 | 김광호 | Vehicle type classification method using digital method and apparatus therefor |
| JP2001282875A (en) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for extracting feature point from side contour description data of automobile and method for classifying category |
| JP2002074582A (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-03-15 | Minolta Co Ltd | Tire discrimianting system and vehicle pass regulating system |
-
2002
- 2002-05-07 EP EP02010325A patent/EP1361488B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-07 DK DK02010325T patent/DK1361488T3/en active
- 2002-05-07 AT AT02010325T patent/ATE367601T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-07 DE DE50210498T patent/DE50210498D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-04-04 WO PCT/EP2003/003513 patent/WO2003096300A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-04 AU AU2003226781A patent/AU2003226781A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4813004A (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1989-03-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method for measuring the maximum gross weight of a motor vehicle |
| JPH11224325A (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-08-17 | Toshiba Corp | System and method for detecting approach |
| JP2001283375A (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-12 | Fujitsu Ltd | Vehicle sort measuring device |
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| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 13 30 November 1999 (1999-11-30) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 02 2 April 2002 (2002-04-02) * |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005001792A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for reducing the risk of injury of passengers in the event of an accident |
| EP1702313A1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2006-09-20 | Redflex Traffic Systems PTY LTD. | Vehicle speed determination system and method |
| EP1702313A4 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2009-11-11 | Redflex Traffic Systems Pty Lt | Vehicle speed determination system and method |
| CN106575473A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2017-04-19 | 业纳遥控设备有限公司 | Method and axle-counting device for contact-free axle counting of a vehicle and axle-counting system for road traffic |
| WO2016026568A1 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2016-02-25 | Jenoptik Robot Gmbh | Method and axle-counting device for contact-free axle counting of a vehicle and axle-counting system for road traffic |
| CN106575473B (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2021-06-18 | 业纳遥控设备有限公司 | Method and device for non-contact axle counting of vehicle and axle counting system |
| AU2015306477B2 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2020-12-10 | Jenoptik Robot Gmbh | Method and axle-counting device for contact-free axle counting of a vehicle and axle-counting system for road traffic |
| EP3026653A1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-01 | Kapsch TrafficCom AB | Method of controlling a traffic surveillance system |
| AU2015352462B2 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2017-11-16 | Kapsch Trafficcom Ab | Method of controlling a traffic surveillance system |
| US10699567B2 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2020-06-30 | Kapsch Trafficcom Ab | Method of controlling a traffic surveillance system |
| WO2016083553A1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-02 | Kapsch Trafficcom Ab | Method of controlling a traffic surveillance system |
| JP2017049846A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-09 | 三菱重工メカトロシステムズ株式会社 | Toll collection machine, toll collection system, toll collection method, and program |
| JP2017054246A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-16 | 三菱重工メカトロシステムズ株式会社 | Toll collection machine, toll collection system, statistic system, toll collection method, and program |
| DE102019125188A1 (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-25 | RailWatch GmbH & Co. KG | Contactless recording of the number of axles on a moving rail vehicle |
| US20210237574A1 (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-05 | Paccar Inc | Dynamic chassis and tire status indications |
| US11623519B2 (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2023-04-11 | Paccar Inc. | Dynamic chassis and tire status indications |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE367601T1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
| WO2003096300A1 (en) | 2003-11-20 |
| EP1361488B1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
| DK1361488T3 (en) | 2007-10-15 |
| AU2003226781A1 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
| DE50210498D1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
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