EP1170707A2 - Portable sensor for validating marks on documents - Google Patents

Abstract

A focussing lens (2,3) converts a bundle of rays emitted by a radiation source (1) so that the surface of an object (5) being examined picks up a scanning bar (22) for making part of an identifying feature (21) on the object become luminescent. The luminescent signal generated by this passes via a detecting lens (9,9') to an evaluating device.

Description

The invention relates to a hand sensor for the authenticity detection of signets on documents according to the preamble of claim 1 and one with Signet interacting with the sensor, which has at least one Has a distinguishing feature. Such a sensor is with the object DE 41 17 011 A1, in which in particular diffuse, low-intensity radiation should be recorded, as is the case with the Examination of banknotes provided with luminescence features occur.

The sensor system described there consists of a conical expanded fiber optic rod and a processing optics, with the narrow cross-sectional end of the fiber rod that of the measurement object incoming radiation can be detected in a large solid angle. The Radiation occurs under one due to the cross-sectional change smaller angle, based on the opening angle of the subsequent optics is matched from the fiber rod.

With this sensor it is possible to have relatively low intensity Capture luminescence features; however, the strength of the captured Luminescence characteristics, if they are distributed over a larger area, none fall below a certain threshold. So it is still relatively insensitive. Due to the use of a conical fiber rod namely the disadvantage that only a punctiform area on the Document can be captured, which fails if that too investigative element (also known as a distinguishing feature) on others Make the document is arranged.

In addition, the excitation is carried out with the help of conventional light sources visible light (for example, incandescent lamps) resulting in a relatively weak one Luminescence signal leads, which is detected by the fiber rod and the Evaluation optics must be supplied.

With the known sensor, it is not possible to operate manually realize, in which a hand-held sensor is guided over an object, that carries one or more signets whose authenticity is to be checked. On manual operation is not described with this sensor.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a hand sensor for the Training authenticity detection of signets on documents so that luminescent signets (i.e. signs with fluorescence, phosphorescence, Up-conversion, etc. based authenticity features) on the document a much larger area can be recognized on the document and manual operation is possible.

To solve the problem, the invention is through the technical teaching of claim 1.

A hand sensor according to the invention is preferably used when authenticity signs that are not recognized by machine are subsequently checked for authenticity should be checked.

You can also use such a hand sensor independently of use mechanical inserts, e.g. B. for the authenticity detection of Tickets, credit cards and all other cases where there is one fast, highly sensitive and machine independent testing of Identification features go.

An essential feature of the invention is that of a beam source emitted beam bundle converted by a focusing optics there will be a. on the surface of the document to be examined results in an approximately line-shaped scan line which is arranged on the document Identification feature optically stimulates and the optical response signal via a Detection optics is evaluated by an evaluation unit.

The term is used to differentiate the individual terms from one another "Identifier" generally means the authenticity of a document identifying feature used, which is directly on the document itself can be applied, but also in the area of a signet is arranged.

The term "signet" describes a detachable (for example, applied by gluing) or a trademark or label permanently attached to the document Seal, a delimited area of any kind or a printing area a document on which the identifier is arranged. In the later description is left open whether the identifying feature located directly on the document itself or part of one on the Attached document is which is separable or inseparable from the Document is connected.

With the given technical teaching there is the main advantage that due to the generation of an approximately line-shaped scan line on the examining document it is now possible for the first time, not just punctiform Areas to examine on the document but an entire linear area that extends into a corresponding examination area converts when the hand sensor over the document with a certain Speed is moved approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the scanning line.

It is now possible for the first time to do this with a hand-moved sensor Measuring window belonging to the sensor over a large area over a document to move and thus towards the presence of identifying features examine, and thereby the projected on the document surface Scanning line scans the document over a relatively large area.

It is preferred if the so-called up-conversion effect is applied becomes. The excitation wavelength is larger than that of Identifying feature emitted reflected wavelength. in the Frequency range expressed this means that the excitation frequency is lower than the response frequency.

The invention also relates to other excitation mechanisms, such as Example the exploitation of the "normal" fluorescence effect, in which with a certain wavelength is excited and the fluorescent Identifier with a longer wavelength answers what the represents the opposite effect to the mentioned up-conversion effect.

A third embodiment relates to the fluorescence effect, in which the Excitation is on the same wavelength as the radiation wavelength, but the response pulse is delayed in a defined time interval follows the excitation pulse.

All of the effects mentioned are the subject of the present invention and The scope of the invention extends to the use of all of the above Effects, also in combination with each other.

A particular problem in the prior art is solved with the present invention with particularly simple means:
There are two opposing requirements for handheld sensors:

According to the first requirement, the signal from the hand sensor should be evaluated be as sensitive as possible in order to recognize relatively weak signets can. For this purpose, it is desired that the laser arranged in the hand sensor generates the strongest, most energetic laser beam possible.

On the other hand, there is the requirement that the laser beam Incorrect operation can lead to injuries. For this reason, the Lasers have the lowest possible laser class in order to avoid that high-energy laser in operation for injuries to the human body can lead.

These two demands contradict each other, because on the one hand for the selective separation of a high-energy laser is required and on the other hand, a high-energy laser is not for occupational safety reasons is desired.

As a result, the invention succeeds with a relatively high energy Laser a highly sensitive scanning of a weakly radiating signet realize because a relatively high energy laser source with a Laser class stronger than class 3A can be used and after the Invention ensures that the laser is only switched on when the hand sensor comes close enough to the scanning surface to be examined was carried out and / or that by measures of beam shaping the Sensor despite the strong radiation source in laser class 3A or lower can be classified. For the former, the invention proposes a sensor system that detects the approach of the laser to the document surface and evaluates and accordingly the inputs and, if necessary, also Switching off the laser controls.

A preferred laser class, which also has an effective detection low-emission signets and, on the other hand, health hazards excludes, is laser class 3A.

It is important in the invention according to a first feature that the in the The hand-held laser only goes into operation when it turns on reliably the head surface is approached or even placed on an object the signet on it was recognized. On this way, eye protection is achieved even with stronger lasers.

Such proximity detection can be solved in different ways become.

In a first, preferred embodiment it is provided that the Approach takes place by scanning the surface of the object. Such scanning can be done using optics and preferably in the IR range working transmitting / receiving arrangement take place, whereby for Example an LED as a transmitter diode and a single or a double photo diode is switched as a receiving diode.

Now the scanning beam of this arrangement is the one to be examined Reflected object, then the reflected beam from the receiving photodiode in evaluated the hand sensor and thus the approach to it is reliable Object detected. Only when this approximation has been established will the Laser in operation and scans the object with the laser beam in order to Verify identifier.

In the case of a simple photodiode as the receiving diode, a focused one Optics used that only allows light from the light spot 24 to the Photodiode falls when the object is in front of or very close to that Exit window 7 is. In the case of a double photodiode as a receiving diode a triangulation evaluation can be achieved. If the object is further from Exit window 7 removed, so the light imaged by the light spot 24 strikes which is called a photodiode (first part of the double photodiode) Background diode. If, on the other hand, the object is directly in front of the exit window, then the light falls on the other photodiode (second part of the double photodiode), called foreground diode. This way, the approach can be even more secure can be recognized as having only one photodiode.

Another embodiment of this technical teaching provides that instead of a non-contact scanning, a touch scanning he follows. A touching scan may e.g. B. a contact switch, or a Be a pressure sensor that only emits a signal when the head surface of the Hand sensor was placed on the object.

All of the proximity detections mentioned can preferably be with a hand-operated button (switch or button) can be combined so that only if this button is also pressed and the approach is recognized of the hand sensor to the object of the laser is switched on.

With the given technical teaching there is the advantage that a highly sensitive hand sensor also for the detection of dimly lit signets can be used, which is a reliable Manual operation guaranteed in compliance with occupational safety regulations.

Regardless of the aforementioned proximity detection of the Hand sensor on an object with one arranged on it Identification feature is claimed as a further technical teaching that in Hand sensor for the generation of laser beams a so-called line optics is used. This means that in the X and Y directions a different imaging of the laser beam generated by the laser the object. It is preferred if in the Y direction above the the scanning bar generated above the surface of the document and above the Document is focused, d. H. in the area of the beam path of the Sensor (still inside the sensor housing), while in the X direction Focusing directly on the object (= document surface) itself he follows. It is further preferred if the beam angle is the outermost Beam bundles are as large as possible in relation to the optical axis.

Through this at different heights above the document surface offset levels of focus ensures that at Irradiation of the laser beam onto an animal or human eye it is no longer possible to spot the beam on the retina of the eye map. Therefore, punctiform damage to the retina avoided because the laser beam in the X and Y directions in different Distances in front of the retina is focused. Irradiation of the retina with the image of the elongated scanning bar, on the other hand, takes place with an im Comparison to the punctiform image with a greatly reduced Irradiance, on the one hand because of the shifted focusing planes, on the other hand because of the steep beam angles, since the eye with its 7 mm large opening can no longer absorb all radiation.

So it becomes a health hazard to the retina of the Eye prevented, even if with a slightly more powerful laser is worked. Thanks to the measures mentioned above, the sensor can a deeper and therefore less dangerous laser class are classified as without these measures. For example, the sensor can because of this Measures can be classified into laser class 3A instead of 3B, which is quite a important difference means. Can continue thanks to the use of this special line optics a more favorable for the evaluation of weak signals, somewhat stronger laser can be used, but it is still a safe one Handling of the hand sensor guaranteed.

In the simplest case, the line optics consist of a cylindrical lens. Instead of one Such simple cylindrical lenses can also be used for lens collectives used, such as. B. a converging lens i. V. m. a cylindrical lens or specially shaped cylindrical lenses.

The converging lens focuses on the surface of the object, while the cylindrical lens the strongly diverging (defocused) Rays on the object cause the elongated scanning bar generate on the object.

In order to generate sufficiently strong beam angles as is advantageous for the invention it is usually necessary to insert two cylindrical lenses one after the other and / or to equip them with a special shape. The cylindrical lenses then have no longer a circular cylindrical surface, but one of them deviating, aspherical surface with a taper. This can Good beam guidance is still achieved, especially with steep beam angles become. The shape of the surface is in an optical design software optimized. Alternatively, diffractive optical elements can also be used or Fresnel lenses or sinusoidal surfaces. All of these elements are part of the line optics and have similar ones, but for use improved properties like normal cylindrical lenses.

• Hochgeöffnete Empfangsoptik mit Blendenzahl von etwa 1
• Laserlinienoptik mit steilen Austrittswinkeln zur Reduktion der Augen- und Hautgefährdung bei Verwendung einer starken Laserdiode, was gleichzeitig eine Klassierung in eine niedrigere Laserklasse ermöglicht. Ziel ist Laserklasse 3A oder tiefer, so dass bei Normalgebrauch keine Gefährdung mehr gegeben ist.
• Zusätzliche Sicherheitsmaßnahmen:
  • Drucktaster: Laser sendet nur mit dem Fingerdruck der Taste sein Licht aus.
  • Optischer Lichttaster oder zusätzlicher, mechanischer Drucktaster zur Erkennung dieses Objektes
  • Zeitliche Begrenzung: Das Laserlicht wird bei Erfüllung der beiden oberen Kriterien jeweils nur etwa 2 Sekunden ausgestrahlt.
• Erkennung von kleinen spektralen Lichtanteilen von schwach rückstrahlenden Erkennungsmerkmalen auf Objekten.
• Abschattung von Fremdlicht durch den Eigenschatten des Handsensors, der Handsensor muss in Kontakt über die Stellen des Objektes, wo das Erkennungsmerkmal aufgebracht ist, hinwegbewegt werden.
• Der Handsensor tastet beim Bewegen ein etwa 2 mm breiten Bereich ab, dank seiner etwa 2 mm breiten Laserlinie.

In the following, the features essential to the invention are reproduced again in short form:

• Highly open receiving optics with an aperture of around 1
• Laser line optics with steep exit angles to reduce the risk to eyes and skin when using a strong laser diode, which at the same time enables classification into a lower laser class. The aim is laser class 3A or lower, so that there is no longer a hazard under normal use.
• Additional security measures:
  • Pushbutton: Laser only emits its light when the button is pressed.
  • Optical light button or additional, mechanical push button to recognize this object
  • Time limit: The laser light is only emitted for about 2 seconds if the two above criteria are met.
• Detection of small spectral light components from weakly retroreflective identification features on objects.
• Shadowing of extraneous light through the natural shadow of the hand sensor, the hand sensor must be moved in contact over the locations of the object where the identification feature is applied.
• The hand sensor scans an approximately 2 mm wide area when moving, thanks to its approximately 2 mm wide laser line.

The subject matter of the present invention does not only result from the subject of the individual claims, but also from the Combination of the individual claims.

All disclosed in the file, including the summary Information and features, especially those shown in the drawings spatial education are claimed as essential to the invention, insofar as they individually or in combination are new compared to the prior art.

In the following, the invention will be explained using only one embodiment illustrative drawings explained in more detail. Here go from the Drawings and their description further features essential to the invention and advantages of the invention.

Figur 1:

Schematisiert gezeichneter Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform eines Handsensors nach der Erfindung

Figur 2:

Die Draufsicht auf ein Objekt mit einem darauf angeordneten Erkennungsmerkmal und dem Abtastbalken

Figur 3:

Die Vorderansicht des Handsensors in Richtung des Pfeils III in Figur 1

Figur 4:

Eine gegenüber Figur 1 perspektivische Darstellung der Elemente des Handsensors

Figur 5:

Die Darstellung des Strahlbündels in X- und Y-Richtung einer Linienoptik

Show it:

Figure 1:

Schematically drawn section through an embodiment of a hand sensor according to the invention

Figure 2:

The top view of an object with a recognition feature arranged thereon and the scanning bar

Figure 3:

The front view of the hand sensor in the direction of arrow III in Figure 1

Figure 4:

A perspective view of the elements of the hand sensor compared to FIG. 1

Figure 5:

The representation of the beam in the X and Y directions of line optics

The hand sensor has an approximately circular cylindrical cross section Housing, which can also be polygonal oval or angular. This housing is designated 19 in FIG.

One or more batteries or accumulators 20 can be located in the housing be arranged, which serve to power the laser diode 1.

Instead of the battery 20, an external power connection can also be made to the housing be provided. A separate battery pack can also be provided which is connected to the hand sensor via a longer cable.

The laser diode 1 generates a beam 34 which initially has one or more Focusing lens 2 happens. These focusing lenses 2 focus the beam in the X direction (Beam bundle 32 in FIG. 5) essentially on the object plane of the Object 5, which carries the identifier 21.

It is important that line optics 3 follow the focusing lens 2 happens, which in the simplest case consists of a cylindrical lens. Under the The term "line optics 3" generally means any optics that are capable of to generate an approximately linear or elliptical scanning bar 22. This Scanning bar 22 is shown, for example, in FIG. 5 and is shown in FIG Connection with this figure described in more detail there.

The generated beam 31, 32, shown in Figure 5, and summarized as transmission beams 28 in Figure 1, is directed to a deflecting mirror 4, which in Figure 5 has been omitted for simplicity.

The approximately elongated scanning bar 22 according to FIG. Figure 5 generated from the Exit window 7 exits on the head surface 26, 27 of the hand sensor.

FIG. 3 shows that the head surface 26 (width of the scanning head) is significantly larger than the width of the exit window 7.

This will certainly come from the side Extraneous light influences suppressed.

The same also applies to the extension of the head surface 27 in Longitudinal direction (arrow direction 23).

Overall, the beam of rays directed at the object 5 becomes 6 (Transmit rays).

Further explanations will be given later with reference to FIG. 5.

The gem. Fig. 2 generated scanning bar 22 is in the direction of arrow 23 in the direction led to the identification feature 21 via the object 5.

It is also pointed out that in Figure 2 only a schematic Light spot 24 of the proximity sensor system is shown, which Scans document surface. The evaluation of the reflected portion provides the presence of the document. The light spot 24 only covers the scanning bar 22, for example. It can also be next to, behind or in front of the Scanning bars can be arranged.

The term light spot 24 is not intended to imply that it is visible light. It can also be in the invisible area, namely in the IR or are in the UV range.

The beam component reflected by the identification feature 21, the other Wavelength than the transmission beam 6 can have as the reception beam 8 in the hand sensor is radiated back and via a first receiving lens 9 focused.

Behind the first receiving lens 9, a second receiving lens 9 ' be arranged, which brings about a further focusing.

The received beam beam thus obtained and focused is finally over an optical filter 10 is radiated onto a receiving element 11, which can be, for example, a photodiode or an avalance photodiode.

Instead of the receiving element 11 described here, a Photomultiplier can be used.

With the laser optics described, the advantage is achieved that, thanks to the Using a special line optics a transmission beam with steep Beam angle arises, which in turn classifies the hand sensor into one comparatively deep, harmless laser class allowed.

The following is a first embodiment of proximity detection of the hand sensor to the surface of the object 5 described.

For this purpose, it can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 4 that by means of a LED 14 a transmission beam - preferably in the IR range - is emitted, which has a deflection mirror 13 and one or more lenses 12 on the Exit window 7 is focused.

The light-emitting diode beam thus strikes the surface of an object 5 which is touched directly by the window 7 of the hand sensor or in a short time Distance is arranged in front of this window.

The rays reflected by the object 5 are again on the same Received paths through lenses 12, deflected there via the deflecting mirror 13 and a receiving diode 14 'supplied with a corresponding Electronics is connected.

As soon as the receiving diode 14 'has a reflected transmission beam Detects proximity sensors, it is ensured that the hand sensor in close or even touching distance sits on the object 5 and only if this is the case, the laser diode 1 is switched on.

Instead of the described contactless scanning of the object 5 can touching scans can also be used. Then the Arrangement of the LED 14 and photodiode 14 'and instead one touching scanning of the object surface, such as B. by a Contact switch or a contact bracket or a pressure sensor respectively.

In general, the (touching or non-contact) Proximity detection ensure that the laser is only switched on becomes, if it is ensured that the exit window 7 touching or almost is touching on the object 5.

In addition, a push button 15 can also be arranged in the housing 19 is operated by manual finger pressure and when pressed, the Laser diode 1 is turned on.

This ensures that the laser diode 1 is not automatically by the Proximity sensor is switched on, but that also one arbitrary actuation of the push button 15 is necessary.

In addition, a heat sink 16 for the laser diode can also be in the housing 1 can be installed, which preferably consists of a cooling surface.

A temperature stabilizing element 17 can also be installed, which z. B. from a heating coil or a Peltier element with a there is an additional temperature sensor.

The temperature stabilizing element 17 should have a uniform temperature ensure the laser diode 1.

After in a preferred embodiment the Peltier element is the laser diode 1 cools, the heat generated by the Peltier element must pass through another Heat sink 18 are removed.

However, the heat sinks 16 and 18 described here are not necessary for the solution and can also be omitted if necessary.

Likewise, the temperature stabilization element 17 can also be in various use cases are eliminated.

In Figure 3 i. V. m. 5 it can be seen that in the Y plane (FIG. 5) a crossing point 25 is present, so that the beam 31 extends beyond this point of intersection and thus the elongated Scan bar 22 generated.

Instead of a focusing cylindrical lens (line optics 3), one can also scattering cylindrical lens are used, in which case the Crossing point 25 is located beyond the cylindrical lens 3. The crossing point 25 is virtual.

It can also be seen from FIG. 5 that because of the use of the selected line optics focus in the X and Y planes in different Height above the object.

While focusing for the beam 32 in the X axis directly on the object itself takes place, as in FIG. 5, with a narrow surface of the width 29, on the other hand, it can be seen that the focusing in the Y direction is given in the form of the beam 31 at the intersection 25, so that beyond this crossing point 25 there is an approximately elongated one Scanning bar of length 30 and width 29 results.

The advantages are achieved that a relatively high total energy density is brought to the level of object 5, but none at all Focusing in a single point on the level of the object 5 or takes place elsewhere, so that even if instead of the object 5 one human eye would not damage the retina is feared, or at least extremely reduced.

The eye can no longer view this beam as a point on the retina depict.

With the given technical teaching it becomes a hand sensor proposed, which also with high detection accuracy weakly radiating signets (identification features 21) can be recognized, without the risk of damaging a human or animal eye.

There are two different areas of the invention independent of each other but also claimed in combination with each other, namely the activation of the laser only when the approach to the object surface is reliable was recognized and / or the use of line optics, which despite of a relatively high-energy beam, a point-like image on a prevents human or animal eye. The laser will only continue switched on if a push button on the hand sensor with a Finger pressure was activated.

This receiving optics is open, i. H. it has an aperture of about 1 and is therefore particularly sensitive to light.

The laser (laser diode 1) can also be replaced by a strong LED or by another radiation source or surface emitter or by a superluminescent diode.

In rare cases, line optics can also be dispensed with if the Beam exit already the desired elongated area of the scanning bar 22 has (length 30 and width 29) and is not coherent.

An elongated shape of length 30 is then not required, but the Scanning bar 22 can also be a round bar of a certain total Expansion be formed.

On the head surface 26, 27 can also be used to seal against extraneous light additional sealants are used, such as. B. side sealing brushes or lips or the like.

The advantage of the described proximity sensors is, moreover, that if that Object 5 is a clear glass that does not turn on the laser. This is because because the proximity sensors prefer a diffuse rather than one specular reflection on the surface of the object 5 reacts.

Furthermore, one can also use the receiving element 11 of the laser arrangement Extraneous light detection can be realized. When receiving extraneous light or The laser is not switched on in ambient light.

This also shows that the proximity sensors in the laser optics themselves can be integrated. In this case, the elements 12, 13, 14 and the entire proximity sensor system is queried accordingly Receiving element 11 realized.

One can therefore also use the one reflected by the object for the proximity sensor system Take the laser beam yourself. In this case, only weak, very first emitted short and absolutely harmless laser pulses, with the help of which Approach is monitored. Only when the clear approximation is recognized of the object is the same laser on the stronger laser power started up, which is necessary for the detection of the luminescence features.

In another embodiment of the invention, however, it can also be provided be that a beam splitter is arranged in front of the receiving element 11, which branches off a certain proportion of the laser light reflected by the object and leads to a detection optics that a reflection of the object generated by the evaluates weak, short laser pulses.

In addition, it can be provided in another variant of the invention that for proximity detection, the radiation component reflected by the object not the receiving element 11 or from one in front of the optical filter 10 arranged receiving element is detected. The detection of the approximation takes place with the photodiode 14 'shown in FIG. 4, but with the reflected, weak and short laser pulses.

The laser is preferably pulsed for ambient light or ambient light to be able to suppress as far as possible penetrates the receiver. This is very possible by using high pass and in the receiver electronics Low pass filter or band pass filter can be installed, which only the pulse frequency of the laser. Further, only the strong optical filters desired wavelength of the optical response of the optical by the laser excited feature passed. All other wavelengths will be suppresses, especially the laser wavelength itself, which in most Cases in the recipient itself. Only with an answer on the same Wavelength, the laser wavelength must of course be transmitted. In in this case the measurement is delayed by the optical response of the Recognize feature, that is after the end of each laser pulse observed whether light from the feature is still recognizable during the pause.

For further suppression of extraneous light, the signals are also transmitted via averaged several laser pulses. This is preferably done in one Microprocessor, after previous analog-digital conversion.

drawing Legend

1.

laser diode

Second

focusing lens

Third

line optics

4th

deflecting

5th

Object with identifier

6th

transmission beams

7th

exit window

8th.

receive beams

9th

Receiving lens (9 ': second receiving lens)

10th

Optical filter

11th

receiving element

12, 12 '.

Lenses for light sensors

13th

Deflecting mirror for light scanner rays

14, 14 '.

LED and photo diode for light sensors

15th

pushbutton

16th

Heat sink for laser diode

17th

Temperature stabilizing element

18th

heat sink

19th

casing

20th

Optional battery or accumulator

21st

Identifier (signet)

22nd

scanning bar

23rd

arrow

24th

light spot

25th

intersection

26th

Head area (width)

27th

Head area (length)

28th

Transmitting rays before redirection

29th

Width (scanning bar)

30th

Length (scanning bar)

31st

Bundle of rays (Y-axis)

32nd

Beam (X-axis)

33rd

Beam cross section

34th

beam

Claims (20)

Sensor for the authenticity detection of luminescent identification features on documents, in which the identification feature is irradiated with an excitation wavelength and possibly responds with a different wavelength, the response wavelength being detected and evaluated by a radiation receiver, characterized in that one emitted by a radiation source (1) Beam bundles (31, 32) are converted by focusing optics (2, 3) in such a way that an approximately line-shaped scanning bar (22) is projected on the surface of the object (5) to be examined, which scanning bar (22) is arranged on the object (5). 21) is optically stimulated in at least one partial area and the optical response signal of the identification feature is passed via a detection optics (9, 9 ', 10) to an evaluation unit (11) which evaluates this optical response signal and that the sensor is hand-guided. Sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor has an approach detection which only switches on a laser (laser diode 1) when the object (5) to be examined is in front of and touching an exit window (7) in the head surface (26 , 27) of the sensor. Sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that the proximity detection works without contact. Sensor according to claim 2 to 3, characterized in that the proximity detection reacts to a diffuse reflection on the surface of the object (5). Sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that the proximity detection to the object (5) works in a touching manner. Sensor according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, in addition to the proximity detection, a manually operated pushbutton (15) is present, which is coupled in an AND circuit to the proximity detection, or whose previous operation is a precondition for activating the laser after detection of the proximity within a short window of time. Sensor for the authenticity detection of luminescent identification features on documents, in which the identification feature (21) is irradiated with an excitation wavelength and optionally responds with a smaller, larger or the same wavelength, the response wavelength being detected and evaluated by a radiation receiver, characterized in that the beams (32, 33) generated on the object (5) are generated by at least one laser source (1) which shines through line optics (2, 3). Sensor according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the laser beam (32, 33) generated by the laser is imaged differently on the object (5) in the X and Y directions. Sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that the focusing in the X and Y planes takes place at different heights above the object (5). Sensor according to one of claims 7-9, characterized in that the largest angles of the beams in the X or Y plane reach an angle to the optical axis of greater than + / - 10 °. Sensor according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that an external light detection is integrated in the reception path of the authenticity detection of the identification feature (21). Sensor according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the external light detection is integrated in the arrangement for contactless proximity detection. Sensor according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the hand sensor can be classified into laser class 3A. Sensor according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the laser is operated in a pulsed manner. Sensor according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the sensor has a highly open receiving optics with an opening ratio of almost 1 or less. Identification feature for detection with a sensor according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that for identification of the identification feature (21) on a document, the signet is equipped at least in some areas with a pigment which can be detected using the up-conversion effect , Identification feature for detection with a sensor according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it can be detected as a fluorescent identification feature (21) using the down-conversion effect. Identification feature for detection with a sensor according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that it is excited as a fluorescent identification feature (21) with a certain wavelength and responds with the same wavelength. Identification feature for detection with a sensor according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the radiation wavelength of the identification feature is on the same wavelength as the excitation wave and that the impulse response follows the excitation pulse with a time delay. Identification feature for detection with a sensor according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the pigments are mixed directly in an applied solution, an applied lacquer, the adhesive or the paper.

Images