EP0969275A2 - Device for mesuring the wheel axles of vehicles - Google Patents

Device for mesuring the wheel axles of vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0969275A2
EP0969275A2 EP99110340A EP99110340A EP0969275A2 EP 0969275 A2 EP0969275 A2 EP 0969275A2 EP 99110340 A EP99110340 A EP 99110340A EP 99110340 A EP99110340 A EP 99110340A EP 0969275 A2 EP0969275 A2 EP 0969275A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
receiver unit
receiver
wheel
wheel axles
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99110340A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0969275A3 (en
Inventor
Markus Dr. Klausner
Wolfgang Dr. Grimm
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0969275A2 publication Critical patent/EP0969275A2/en
Publication of EP0969275A3 publication Critical patent/EP0969275A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
    • G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
    • G01M17/013—Wheels

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device for measurement of wheel axles of motor vehicles according to the genus of Main claim. It is already a device for Measurement of wheel axles with four transmitter / receiver units known that can be attached to the wheels of a motor vehicle are and with a computer to evaluate the Transmitter / receiver units measured signals. Since the Transmitter / receiver units can be attached to the motor vehicle are caused by additional costs Establish the positions of the transmitter / receiver units can be determined to each other. For fastening the transmitter / receiver units are special on the wheels Brackets necessary, their exact alignment can be very cumbersome. The absolute positions and the relative angular positions of the wheels and thus the wheel axles among themselves can be grasped exactly, but not their position and angular positions in relation to the Body. Since four linked transmitter / receiver units are necessary is the use of Device in motor vehicles that have more than four wheels exhibit, very cumbersome, since then several measurements must be carried out to measure all wheel axles.
  • features of the main claim have the advantage that no additional facilities for determining the Positions of the transmitter / receiver units to each other are needed because they are attached to points whose Location is already known. Another advantage is that the absolute positions and the relative angular positions of the Wheel axles are detected in relation to the body and thus also their absolute positions and relative angular positions among themselves. An additional advantage is that worked with less than four transmitter / receiver units can be. Even with a transmitter / receiver unit all wheel axles of a vehicle are measured. Yet can be used with any number of transmitter / receiver units be worked. Other advantages and Advantageous further developments result from the in the Subclaims and the measures listed in the description.
  • a motor vehicle 10 is from below and a device 12 for measuring wheel axles 13 shown by motor vehicles 10.
  • the device 12 is transportable and in a moving motor vehicle 10 applicable. It consists of four on the motor vehicle 10 attachable transmitter / receiver units 14 and one Computer 12 for evaluating the transmitter / receiver units 14 measured signals.
  • the car 10 has four wheels 18, i.e. that for each measuring wheel 18 a transmitter / receiver unit 14 is provided.
  • Each transmitter / receiver unit 14 is in the Proximity of a wheel 18 on at least one geometrically specific point 20 of the body 22 of the motor vehicle 10 attachable. Because of the alignment of the transmitter / receiver units 14, however, it is advantageous to each Transmitter / receiver unit 14 geometrically on another to fix certain point 24 of the body 22.
  • Points 20, 24 in the form of mechanically coded measuring or Measurement points for determining the vehicle geometry, for example after accidents. Because the location and the Alignment of points 20, 24 precisely defined and known is also the location and orientation of the transmitter / receiver units 14 clearly determined.
  • Reflectors 26 are on the wheels 18 to be measured attachable to the transmitter / receiver units 14 work together. These reflectors 26 are advantageous on the wheel inner sides 28 attachable mirrors. For this Reason the transmitter / receiver units 14 work in present embodiment according to the principle of optical triangulation.
  • the basis of the optical triangulation is a triangle through a known side and two known angles is geometrically determinable. In the present case it is Distance between the transmitter and the receiver of the transmitter / receiver units 14 known. The sender and the receiver represent two vertices of one side of the triangle, the is thus known. At a certain angular position of The transmitter and receiver will be one broadcast by the transmitter Beam reflected from the reflector 28 so that it from the receiver Will be received. So this is the two angles needed of the triangle. Let through known arithmetic steps then the remaining sides and the remaining angle to calculate. This also allows the location of the third Corner point, d. H. of the reflector 28. Since that too Distance of the reflector 28 to the wheel 18 is known the position of the wheel 18 can also be precisely determined.
  • the area at the bottom right of the figure is symbolic shown as a beam 30 from the transmitter / receiver unit there 14 is sent on the reflector 26 is reflected and the reflected beam 32 from the Transmitter / receiver unit 14 is received again.
  • an optical process such as triangulation however other methods are used for example those with ultrasound or electromagnetic waves work.
  • the of the Transmitter / receiver units 14 are measured signals advantageously transmitted wirelessly to the computer 16. There the signals are evaluated. Depending on the used The procedure is carried out with the transit times of the beams 30, 32 and / or worked with their frequencies. From this one can then exactly the position of a wheel 18 to a transmitter / receiver unit 14 determine. With a measurement must make each wheel 18 at least one revolution. Thereby can then position and orientation or angular position determine the wheels 18. Since the position of the wheels 18 to the Wheel axles 13 is exactly known, so can also Alignment and the angular position of the wheel axles 13 in relation to the body and each other exactly.
  • An advantage of the device 12 according to the invention is that the number of transmitter / receiver units used 14 according to the individual needs of each Surveying can be selected. Because a transmitter / receiver unit 14 on one two or more geometric certain points 20, 24 attached to the body 22 can be, it is conceivable, for example, with a Transmitter / receiver unit 14 the individual wheels in succession 18 and thus the individual wheel axles 13 of a motor vehicle 10 to measure, which is a cost saving in terms of Transmitter / receiver unit 14 means. It is also possible on motor vehicles with more than two wheel axles 13, for example a truck with three wheel axles 13 and six Wheels 18, six transmitter / receiver units 14 to use. The duration of the measurement can thus be greatly reduced.

Abstract

A transmitter-receiver unit (14) and a computer (16) interpret signals measured by transmitter-receiver units fitted at geometrically defined points (20,24) on a vehicle's bodywork (22). Optical triangulation determines the exact position and alignment of each single wheel and consequently the position of the wheel axles.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Vorrichtung zur Vermessung von Radachsen von Kraftfahrzeugen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Es ist bereits eine Vorrichtung zur Vermessung von Radachsen mit vier Sender-/Empfängereinheiten bekannt, die an den Rädern eines Kraftfahrzeugs befestigbar sind und mit einem Rechner zur Auswertung der von den Sender-/Empfängereinheiten gemessenen Signale. Da die Sender-/Empfängereinheiten am Kraftfahrzeug befestigbar sind, müssen durch zusätzliche, Kosten verursachende Einrichtungen die Positionen der Sender-/Empfängereinheiten zueinander bestimmt werden. Für die Befestigung der Sender-/Empfängereinheiten an den Rädern sind spezielle Halterungsvorrichtungen notwendig, deren exakte Ausrichtung sehr umständlich sein kann. Die absoluten Positionen und die relativen Winkelstellungen der Räder und somit der Radachsen untereinander können zwar genau erfaßt werden, nicht jedoch deren Position und Winkelstellungen in Bezug auf die Karosserie. Da vier miteinander verkettete Sender-/Empfängereinheiten nötig sind, ist der Einsatz der Vorrichtung bei Kraftfahrzeugen die mehr als vier Räder aufweisen, sehr umständlich, da dann mehrere Messungen durchgeführt werden müssen, um alle Radachsen zu vermessen. The invention is based on a device for measurement of wheel axles of motor vehicles according to the genus of Main claim. It is already a device for Measurement of wheel axles with four transmitter / receiver units known that can be attached to the wheels of a motor vehicle are and with a computer to evaluate the Transmitter / receiver units measured signals. Since the Transmitter / receiver units can be attached to the motor vehicle are caused by additional costs Establish the positions of the transmitter / receiver units can be determined to each other. For fastening the transmitter / receiver units are special on the wheels Brackets necessary, their exact alignment can be very cumbersome. The absolute positions and the relative angular positions of the wheels and thus the wheel axles among themselves can be grasped exactly, but not their position and angular positions in relation to the Body. Since four linked transmitter / receiver units are necessary is the use of Device in motor vehicles that have more than four wheels exhibit, very cumbersome, since then several measurements must be carried out to measure all wheel axles.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Vermessung von Radachsen von Kraftfahrzeugen mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß keine zusätzlichen Einrichtungen zur Bestimmung der Positionen der Sender-/Empfängereinheiten zueinander benötigt werden, da sie an Punkten angebracht werden, deren Lage bereits bekannt ist. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, daß die absoluten Positionen und die relativen Winkelstellungen der Radachsen in Bezug zur Karosserie erfaßt werden und somit auch deren absolute Positionen und relative Winkelstellungen untereinander. Als zusätzlicher Vorteil ist anzusehen, daß mit weniger als vier Sender-/Empfängereinheiten gearbeitet werden kann. Sogar mit einer Sender-/Empfängereinheit können alle Radachsen eines Fahrzeuges vermessen werden. Dennoch kann mit einer beliebiger Anzahl von Sender-/Empfängereinheiten gearbeitet werden. Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich durch die in den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung angeführten Maßnahmen.The device according to the invention for measuring Wheel axles of motor vehicles with the characteristic In contrast, features of the main claim have the advantage that no additional facilities for determining the Positions of the transmitter / receiver units to each other are needed because they are attached to points whose Location is already known. Another advantage is that the absolute positions and the relative angular positions of the Wheel axles are detected in relation to the body and thus also their absolute positions and relative angular positions among themselves. An additional advantage is that worked with less than four transmitter / receiver units can be. Even with a transmitter / receiver unit all wheel axles of a vehicle are measured. Yet can be used with any number of transmitter / receiver units be worked. Other advantages and Advantageous further developments result from the in the Subclaims and the measures listed in the description.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and in the following description explained.

Beschreibungdescription

In der einzigen Figur ist ein Kraftfahrzeug 10 von unten sowie eine Vorrichtung 12 zur Vermessung von Radachsen 13 von Kraftfahrzeugen 10 gezeigt. Die Vorrichtung 12 ist transportabel und bei einem fahrenden Kraftfahrzeug 10 einsetzbar. Sie besteht aus vier am Kraftfahrzeug 10 befestigbaren Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 sowie einem Rechner 12 zur Auswertung der von den Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 gemessenen Signale. Das Kraftfahrzeug 10 weist vier Räder 18 auf, d.h., daß für jedes zu vermessende Rad 18 eine Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 vorgesehen ist. Jede Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 ist in der Nähe eines Rades 18 an wenigstens einem geometrisch bestimmten Punkt 20 der Karosserie 22 des Kraftfahrzeuges 10 befestigbar. Wegen der Ausrichtung der Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 ist es jedoch vorteilhaft, jede Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 an einem weiteren geometrisch bestimmten Punkt 24 der Karosserie 22 zu befestigen. An jedem Kraftfahrzeug 10 befinden sich geometrisch bestimmte Punkte 20, 24 in Form von mechanisch codierten Meß- oder Vermessungspunkten zur Bestimmung der Fahrzeuggeometrie, beispielsweise nach Unfällen. Da die Lage und die Ausrichtung der Punkte 20, 24 genau definiert und bekannt ist, ist auch die Lage und die Ausrichtung der Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 eindeutig bestimmt.In the single figure, a motor vehicle 10 is from below and a device 12 for measuring wheel axles 13 shown by motor vehicles 10. The device 12 is transportable and in a moving motor vehicle 10 applicable. It consists of four on the motor vehicle 10 attachable transmitter / receiver units 14 and one Computer 12 for evaluating the transmitter / receiver units 14 measured signals. The car 10 has four wheels 18, i.e. that for each measuring wheel 18 a transmitter / receiver unit 14 is provided. Each transmitter / receiver unit 14 is in the Proximity of a wheel 18 on at least one geometrically specific point 20 of the body 22 of the motor vehicle 10 attachable. Because of the alignment of the transmitter / receiver units 14, however, it is advantageous to each Transmitter / receiver unit 14 geometrically on another to fix certain point 24 of the body 22. On each motor vehicle 10 is geometrically determined Points 20, 24 in the form of mechanically coded measuring or Measurement points for determining the vehicle geometry, for example after accidents. Because the location and the Alignment of points 20, 24 precisely defined and known is also the location and orientation of the transmitter / receiver units 14 clearly determined.

An den zu vermessenden Rädern 18 sind Reflektoren 26 befestigbar, die mit den Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 zusammenwirken. Diese Reflektoren 26 sind vorteilhafterweise an den Radinnenseiten 28 befestigbare Spiegel. Aus diesem Grund arbeiten die Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel nach dem Prinzip der optischen Triangulation.Reflectors 26 are on the wheels 18 to be measured attachable to the transmitter / receiver units 14 work together. These reflectors 26 are advantageous on the wheel inner sides 28 attachable mirrors. For this Reason the transmitter / receiver units 14 work in present embodiment according to the principle of optical triangulation.

Grundlage der optischen Triangulation ist, daß ein Dreieck durch eine bekannte Seite und zwei bekannte Winkel geometrisch bestimmbar ist. Im vorliegenden Fall ist die Entfernung zwischen dem Sender und dem Empfänger der Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 bekannt. Der Sender und der Empfänger stellen zwei Eckpunkte einer Seite des Dreiecks dar, die somit bekannt ist. Bei einer bestimmten Winkelstellung von Sender und Empfänger wird ein vom Sender ausgestrahlter Strahl vom Reflektor 28 so reflektiert, daß er vom Empfänger empfangen wird. Dadurch sind also die zwei benötigten Winkel des Dreiecks bestimmt. Durch bekannte Rechenschritte lassen sich dann die restlichen Seiten und der verbleibende Winkel berechnen. Dadurch läßt sich aber auch die Lage des dritten Eckpunktes, d. h. des Reflektors 28 ermitteln. Da auch die Entfernung des Reflektors 28 zum Rad 18 bekannt ist, ist auch die Position des Rads 18 genau bestimmbar.The basis of the optical triangulation is a triangle through a known side and two known angles is geometrically determinable. In the present case it is Distance between the transmitter and the receiver of the transmitter / receiver units 14 known. The sender and the receiver represent two vertices of one side of the triangle, the is thus known. At a certain angular position of The transmitter and receiver will be one broadcast by the transmitter Beam reflected from the reflector 28 so that it from the receiver Will be received. So this is the two angles needed of the triangle. Let through known arithmetic steps then the remaining sides and the remaining angle to calculate. This also allows the location of the third Corner point, d. H. of the reflector 28. Since that too Distance of the reflector 28 to the wheel 18 is known the position of the wheel 18 can also be precisely determined.

Im Bereich rechts unten in der Figur ist symbolisch dargestellt, wie ein Strahl 30 von der dortigen Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 gesendet wird, am Reflektor 26 reflektiert wird und der reflektierte Strahl 32 von der Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 wieder empfangen wird. Neben einem optischen Verfahren wie der Triangulation, können jedoch auch andere Verfahren verwendet werden, beispielsweise solche, die mit Ultraschall oder elektromagnetischen Wellen arbeiten. Die somit von den Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 gemessenen Signale werden vorteilhafterweise drahtlos zum Rechner 16 übertragen. Dort erfolgt die Auswertung der Signale. Je nach verwendetem Verfahren wird mit den Laufzeiten der Strahlen 30, 32 und/oder mit deren Frequenzen gearbeitet. Hieraus läßt sich dann exakt die Position eines Rades 18 zu einer Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 ermitteln. Bei einer Vermessung muß jedes Rad 18 mindestens eine Umdrehung durchführen. Dadurch lassen sich dann Lage und Ausrichtung bzw. Winkelstellung der Räder 18 ermitteln. Da die Stellung der Räder 18 zu den Radachsen 13 genau bekannt ist, läßt sich somit auch die Ausrichtung und die Winkelstellung der Radachsen 13 in bezug zur Karosserie und untereinander exakt ermitteln.The area at the bottom right of the figure is symbolic shown as a beam 30 from the transmitter / receiver unit there 14 is sent on the reflector 26 is reflected and the reflected beam 32 from the Transmitter / receiver unit 14 is received again. Next an optical process such as triangulation however other methods are used for example those with ultrasound or electromagnetic waves work. The of the Transmitter / receiver units 14 are measured signals advantageously transmitted wirelessly to the computer 16. There the signals are evaluated. Depending on the used The procedure is carried out with the transit times of the beams 30, 32 and / or worked with their frequencies. From this one can then exactly the position of a wheel 18 to a transmitter / receiver unit 14 determine. With a measurement must make each wheel 18 at least one revolution. Thereby can then position and orientation or angular position determine the wheels 18. Since the position of the wheels 18 to the Wheel axles 13 is exactly known, so can also Alignment and the angular position of the wheel axles 13 in relation to the body and each other exactly.

Ein Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 12 ist, daß die Anzahl der verwendeten Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 entsprechend den jeweiligen individuellen Bedürfnissen einer Vermessung gewählt werden kann. Da eine Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 an einem zwei oder mehr geometrisch bestimmten Punkten 20, 24 an der Karosserie 22 angebracht werden kann, ist es beispielsweise denkbar, mit einer Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 nacheinander die einzelnen Räder 18 und somit die einzelnen Radachsen 13 eines Kraftfahrzeugs 10 zu vermessen, was eine Kostenersparnis bezüglich der Sender-/Empfängereinheit 14 bedeutet. Es ist aber auch möglich, an Kraftfahrzeugen mit mehr als zwei Radachsen 13, beispielsweise einem LKW mit drei Radachsen 13 und sechs Rädern 18, sechs Sender-/Empfängereinheiten 14 zu verwenden. Somit kann die Dauer der Messung stark reduziert werden.An advantage of the device 12 according to the invention is that the number of transmitter / receiver units used 14 according to the individual needs of each Surveying can be selected. Because a transmitter / receiver unit 14 on one two or more geometric certain points 20, 24 attached to the body 22 can be, it is conceivable, for example, with a Transmitter / receiver unit 14 the individual wheels in succession 18 and thus the individual wheel axles 13 of a motor vehicle 10 to measure, which is a cost saving in terms of Transmitter / receiver unit 14 means. It is also possible on motor vehicles with more than two wheel axles 13, for example a truck with three wheel axles 13 and six Wheels 18, six transmitter / receiver units 14 to use. The duration of the measurement can thus be greatly reduced.

Claims (8)

Vorrichtung (12) zur Vermessung von Radachsen (13) von Kraftfahrzeugen (10) mit mindestens einer, am Kraftfahrzeug (10) befestigbaren Sender-/Empfängereinheit (14) und einem Rechner (16) zur Auswertung der von der mindestens einen Sender-/Empfängereinheit (14) gemessenen Signale, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mindestens eine Sender-/Empfängereinheit (14) an wenigstens einem geometrisch bestimmten Punkt (20, 24) der Karosserie (22) der Kraftfahrzeuge (10) befestigbar ist.Device (12) for measuring wheel axles (13) from Motor vehicles (10) with at least one on the motor vehicle (10) attachable transmitter / receiver unit (14) and one Computer (16) for evaluating the at least one Transmitter / receiver unit (14) measured signals, thereby characterized in that the at least one transmitter / receiver unit (14) on at least one geometric certain point (20, 24) of the body (22) of the Motor vehicles (10) can be fastened. Vorrichtung (12) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mindestens eine Sender-/Empfängereinheit (14) an zwei geometrisch bestimmten Punkten (20, 24) der Karosserie (22) befestigbar ist.Device (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that that the at least one transmitter / receiver unit (14) two geometrically determined points (20, 24) of the body (22) can be fastened. Vorrichtung (12) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den zu vermessenden Rädern (18) Reflektoren (26) befestigbar sind, die mit der mindestens einen Sender-/Empfängereinheit (14) zusammenwirken.Device (12) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that on the wheels to be measured (18) Reflectors (26) can be fastened with the at least a transmitter / receiver unit (14) cooperate. Vorrichtung (12) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reflektoren (26) an den Radinnenseiten (28) befestigbare Spiegel sind.Device (12) according to claim 3, characterized in that that the reflectors (26) on the inside of the wheel (28) attachable mirrors are. Vorrichtung (12) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sender-/Empfängereinheiten (14) nach dem Prinzip der optischen Triangulation arbeiten. Device (12) according to claim 4, characterized in that that the transmitter / receiver units (14) according to the principle of optical triangulation work. Vorrichtung (12) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gemessenen Signale drahtlos übertragbar sind.Device (12) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the measured signals are wireless are transferable. Vorrichtung (12) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für jedes zu vermessende Rad (18) eine Sender-/Empfängereinheit (14) vorgesehen ist.Device (12) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for each wheel to be measured (18) a transmitter / receiver unit (14) is provided. Vorrichtung (12) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung (12) bei einem fahrenden Kraftfahrzeug (10) einsetzbar ist.Device (12) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the device (12) at a moving motor vehicle (10) can be used.
EP99110340A 1998-06-30 1999-05-28 Device for mesuring the wheel axles of vehicles Withdrawn EP0969275A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19829189 1998-06-30
DE1998129189 DE19829189C1 (en) 1998-06-30 1998-06-30 Device for measuring wheel axles of motor vehicles

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EP0969275A2 true EP0969275A2 (en) 2000-01-05
EP0969275A3 EP0969275A3 (en) 2000-04-19

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