EP0842710B1 - Process for repairing small defects in paint layers - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves cutting out the fault over a strictly limited region, filling the recess and bonding the filling to the surrounding paint layer. Powder paint or powder slurry is used for the painting. The recess (1) is made to precise measurements of depth and surface in the paint layer (2). A filling body of powder paint and/or of an ingredient of the paint is fitted in the recess. It is then bonded, e.g. glued, to the paint layer surrounding the recess. The depth of the recess should not exceed that of the paint layer.

Description

The invention relates to a method for repairing small Paint defects in paint layers according to the preamble of the claim 1, as it is from the generic JP 1-315 374 (A) emerges as known.

From JP 1-315 374 (A) it is known to have minor paint defects in Powder coating layers, so-called hot spots, using a drill to remove. The remaining largely cylindrical The recess is filled with a repair varnish, which with a mask is partially covered. The mask points in the area the cutout filled with refinish paint a free space through which a laser light is directed onto the refinish paint can be. By the energy brought in by the laser light the refinish is heated. Due to the warming Repair paint melted, flows into the liquid state Recess and is with the paint layer surrounding the recess connected. This results in an acceptable amount of work only unsatisfactory results.

In the case of so-called effect powder coating layers that are coated with an electrostatic Spraying process must be applied such a method is even completely unsuitable because then The area of the recess does not have the effect of the powder coating layer visible and the previously faulty spot is clearly visible. This is one of the reasons why powder coatings are used with effect paints defective surfaces repainted all over. At a Repainting with powder paint would be particularly useful in motor vehicles almost all sensitive to high temperatures Parts and thus almost all plastic parts are complex and expensive to remove, which is why the repair i.a. with normal liquid paints is made. In the event of faulty paint jobs in so-called space frame frames, which according to their Painting with already colored attachments, this does not apply to this extent, but here too it is Repair work very high and / or in the case of effect powder coatings also unsuitable for the reasons already mentioned.

The object of the invention is to develop a method with which, with good optical quality, also powder coatings, in particular Effect powder coatings can be repaired easily and cheaply can.

The task is based on a generic method with the characterizing process steps of the claim 1 solved. By inserting the recess with regard to their area and also their depth exactly defined dimensions in the powder coating layer, can then into the recess according to the volume of the Recess dimensioned, in particular the dimensions of the recess corresponding, and at least in some areas connected Packing material made of powder coating and / or a preliminary product of the powder coating can be introduced. The filler introduced is then arranged with the outside of the recess Powder coating layer connected, in particular glued. The repair according to the invention is therefore quick and cheap make. At the same time, the repair can also be carried out on the production line be made, especially in vehicles with a self-supporting frame according to the space frame concept, is cheap. At the same time indicates the repair method compared to a large-area repair with wet paint a slight Emission, which means at least less filter and cleaning effort, and a low disposal effort, for example Oversprays is connected. This in turn is also one Challenging the process associated.

Fig. 1

einen Ausschnitt eines Schnitts durch ein mit Pulverlack lackiertes und eine Fehlerstelle aufweisendes Substrat,

Fig. 2

Figur 1 mit im Bereich der Fehlerstelle eingebrachter zylindrischer Aussparung,

Fig. 3

Figur 2 mit in die zylindrische Aussparung eingebrachtem und mit einer Klebstoffschicht versehenem Füllkörper,

Fig. 4

Figur 3 nach auf der Pulverlackschicht aufgebrachter Klarlackschicht,

Fig. 5

Figur 1 mit im Bereich der Fehlerstelle eingebrachter Aussparung mit kegelstumpfförmigem Querschnitt und

Fig. 6

Figur 5 mit in die kegelstupfförmige Aussparung eingebrachtem Füllkörper.

Further useful configurations can be found in the subclaims. Otherwise, the invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures. It shows

Fig. 1

a section of a section through a substrate coated with powder coating and having a defect,

Fig. 2

FIG. 1 with a cylindrical recess made in the area of the defect,

Fig. 3

FIG. 2 with a filler introduced into the cylindrical recess and provided with an adhesive layer,

Fig. 4

FIG. 3 after the clear lacquer layer applied to the powder lacquer layer,

Fig. 5

Figure 1 with recess made in the area of the fault with a frustoconical cross section and

Fig. 6

Figure 5 with filler introduced into the frustoconical recess.

In Figure 1 is a section of a section through a with a Powder coating layer 2 provided substrate 5, which Substrate 5 made of metal, for example. Plastic and / or fiber reinforced Plastic can be made. Furthermore, the substrate 5 - as shown - be arched. On the substrate 5 are in addition to the powder coating layer, in particular up to 100 µm thick 2 For example, the usual layers, namely a primer layer 6, an impact protection layer 7 and a filler layer 8 applied. Depending on the application, the powder coating layer of course, be thicker.

A faulty location 9 is an oval body in cross section drawn in, which is, for example, a speck of dust 10 can act, when applying the powder of the powder coating on the visible surface 11 of the powder coating layer 2 created and connected with the powder coating.

To repair the faulty location 9 in a limited space As shown in Figure 2, the frame becomes the faulty one Position 9 of the hardened powder coating layer in particular 2 in a narrow area with a cylindrical Provide recess 1. Due to the maximum depth of the powder coating layer 2 introduced recess 1 is in the present Case at the same time eliminates the speck of dust 10.

Conveniently, the recess 1 is cutting and in this case in particular by milling or grinding into the powder coating layer 2 introduced. Furthermore, the recess 1 can also be drilled and / or sawn holes and / or burned out by laser and / or are punched out and / or ground. For all types of Introduction of the recess in the powder coating layer 2 is to make sure that the recess 1 in terms of its area, or width B and also with respect to their depth T with exactly defined dimensions and with a given edge contour is introduced into the powder coating layer 2.

Then a powder coating is inserted into the cylindrical recess 1 and / or a preliminary product of the powder coating plate-like filler 3 introduced; i.e. the contour of the The bottom of the packing 2 is flat and the bottom of the recess 1 adjusted. Likewise, the edges of the packing 3 are the corresponding ones Adjusted edges of the cylindrical recess 1. The one which is at least partially cross-linked before being introduced into the recess 1 Packing body 3 corresponds to the volume of the recess 1 dimensioned and coherent in the sense of a monolith; i.e. the diameter of the monolithically related Packing body 3 corresponds approximately to the width B of the recess 1 and the layer thickness of the filling body 3 is approximately the depth T of Recess 1.

With regard to the packing 3, this exact dimensioning in can be realized in a simple manner in that the packing 3 molded from a previously produced paint film, in particular is punched out. With at least some effect powder coatings this lacquer film is used to maintain the desired optical properties expediently by electrostatic spraying manufactured.

The packing 3 arranged in the recess is connected to the powder coating layer 2 arranged outside the cutout 1 connected. The connection is preferably made by an adhesive layer 12, which in particular before the introduction of the Filler 3 in the recess 1 along the corresponding Walls of the packing 3 is arranged.

Then the filler introduced into the recess 1 3 and possibly also the adhesive layer 12 heated and / or brought to reaction. By heating and / or by The reaction hardens in particular the packing 3 and possibly also the Adhesive layer 12. The reaction is preferably carried out by UV radiation and / or electromagnetic, in particular IR radiation, and / or hot air is introduced and / or maintained.

Since the filler 3 have a volume shrinkage during curing can, it is favorable to fill the body 3 with a volume provided that approximately the volume of the recess 1 plus the volume shrinkage of the packing that occurs during curing 3 corresponds.

As can be seen in particular from the greatly exaggerated presentation 3 can be seen, should the curvature of the substrate 5 or the visible side surface 11 of the powder coating layer 2 is not be too large, otherwise the edge of the packing 3 over the Project the edge of the recess 1 visibly or be offset can.

Such discontinuity on these two edges can For example, with a correspondingly flexible and elastic adhesive layer 12, which is used to connect the packing 3 with the Walls of the recess 1 surrounding it is provided, balanced become.

Furthermore, when applying another, in particular a clear lacquer layer 4 on the powder lacquer layer 2 is advantageous be, the introduction of the recess 1 and the filling of the Recess 1 with the filler 1 before the application of the clear lacquer layer 4 to make (see Figure 4).

Should a faulty digit 9 only after a possible Application of the clear coat 4, can be noticed for repair to be largely analog, but now it makes sense to do this, a filler formed from the powder coating to use, the additional visible side with a clear coat is provided, the layer thickness of this clear coat corresponds approximately to that of the clear lacquer layer 4, which is otherwise arranged on the powder coating layer 2 of the substrate 5 is.

FIG. 5 shows the faulty location 9 for repair according to FIG. 1, the faulty location 9, in particular the bound one and hardened powder coating layer 2 in a narrowly limited range Area provided with a frustoconical recess 21. In contrast to the cutout 1 according to FIG. 2, the cutout has 21 not a cylindrical but a truncated cone Cross section on, with the cone towards the substrate 5 closes. Here too the maximum depth of the Powder coating layer 2 introduced recess 21 at the same time Dust 10 removed.

In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions in this embodiment according to Figures 5 and 6 only on the differences received.

In the frustoconical recess 21 is a powder coating and / or a preliminary product of the powder coating, in particular plate-like filler 23 introduced, the Contour of the bottom of the packing 23 and the contour of the Bottom of the recess 21 is adapted. The edges of the packing 23 are in terms of their geometric dimensions and also with regard to their course, for example when they are introduced the recess 21 is not necessarily round, but possibly can also be kidney-shaped, for example, the edges of the recess 23 adjusted.

To insert the filler 23 into the recess 21, cover the entire surface with a previously described lacquer film covered. The filler 23 becomes from the covering lacquer film ejected and introduced directly into the recess 21 when ejecting and / or is pressed in.

It can happen that the filler 23 in individual Fragments 22 disintegrates. One before tying with the remaining one Powder coating layer 2 formed from individual fragments 22 Filling body is in the sense of the invention also as a coherent To understand packing 23; i.e. the one in the recess 1 arranged entire packing 3 must be connected to it not with the walls or the bottom of the recess 1 must be completely monolithic.

The packing 23 arranged in the recess 21 is connected to the powder coating layer 2 arranged outside the recess 21 connected by the measures listed above. The difference to the embodiment of Figures 2 to 4 here the connection is not made with the help of an adhesive layer 12, but through a direct connection of the material of the filler 23 with the material surrounding it Powder coating layer 2. The connection of the packing 23 with the However, powder coating layer 2 does not have to be along the entire length common area, but can be shared on individual Partial areas may be limited. In the case of fragments 22 formed packing 23 are at the same time the fragments 22 connected in the same way.

Claims (17)

1. A process for repairing small defects in powder coating layers (2) in which a very limited section of the defective area of the powder coating layer is removed, the resulting recess (1, 21) is filled and the filling is bonded with the powder coating layer (2) surrounding the recess,
   characterised in that
   the surface area and depth dimensions of the recess (1, 21) made in the powder coating layer (2) are defined exactly, that a filler block (3, 23) made of powder paint and/or a pre-product of the powder paint, dimensioned in accordance with the volume of the recess (1, 21), in particular corresponding to one of the dimensions of the recess (1, 21) which is coherent in part at least, is inserted into the recess (1, 21) and that the inserted filler block (3, 23) is bonded, in particular by adhesion, to the powder coaling layer (2) positioned outside the recess (1, 21).
2. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the recess (1, 21) is made to a maximum of the depth (T) of the powder coating layer (2).
3. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the recess (1,21) is made by means of metal cutting.
4. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the recess (1, 21) is milled and/or sawn and/or burned by laser and/or punched and/or ground.
5. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the filler block (3, 23) which fills at least most of the recess (1, 21) is at least partially cross-linked prior to insertion into the recess (1, 21).
6. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the filler block (3, 23) inserted into the recess (1, 21) is heated and in particular hardened by the heating.
7. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the filler block (3, 23) inserted into the recess (1, 21) is heated by means of electromagnetic radiation, in particular IR radiation, and/or hot air and is in particular hardened by the heating.
8. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the filler block (3, 23) inserted into the recess (1, 21) is reacted and in particularly hardened by means of UV radiation.
9. A process in accordance with claim 1
   characterised in that
   the chosen filler block (3, 23) is a small plate with a layer thickness corresponding approximately to the depth (T) of the recess (1, 21).
10. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    the volume of the filler block (3, 23) is matched to the volume of the recess (1, 21) plus the volume lost during the hardening of the filler block (3, 23) and that the filler block (3, 23) is hardened once it has been inserted into the recess (1, 21).
11. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    a filler block (2, 23) geometrically matched to the hole geometry of the recess (1, 21) is inserted into the recess (1, 21).
12. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    the recess (1, 21) is made as a hole with an even base and that the chosen filler block (3, 23) is a small plate with an edge contour corresponding to the recess (1, 21) and a height corresponding to the depth of the recess (1, 21).
13. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    the filler block (3, 23) is electrostatically sprayed prior to its insertion into the recess (1, 21).
14. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    the filler block (3, 23) is formed from a previously produced film of paint.
15. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    the filler block (3, 23) is formed from a film of paint previously produced by means of electrostatic spraying.
16. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    the making and filling of the recess (1, 21) is carried out prior to the application of a further layer, in particular a clear coat layer (4).
17. A process in accordance with claim 1
    characterised in that
    the entire surface of the recess (1, 21) is covered with a film of paint made of powder coating, that the filler block (3, 23) is forced out of the covering film of paint and that during this process the filler block (2, 23) is inserted or pressed directly into the recess (1, 21).

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