EP0496302B1 - Refuse vehicle with a lifting and dumping device for unloading refuse containers into a receiving chute - Google Patents

Refuse vehicle with a lifting and dumping device for unloading refuse containers into a receiving chute Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0496302B1
EP0496302B1 EP92100773A EP92100773A EP0496302B1 EP 0496302 B1 EP0496302 B1 EP 0496302B1 EP 92100773 A EP92100773 A EP 92100773A EP 92100773 A EP92100773 A EP 92100773A EP 0496302 B1 EP0496302 B1 EP 0496302B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refuse
lifting
receiving
claw
container
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP92100773A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0496302A1 (en
Inventor
Gustav-Dieter Edelhoff
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Edelhoff M S T S GmbH
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Edelhoff M S T S GmbH
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Publication of EP0496302A1 publication Critical patent/EP0496302A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F3/04—Linkages, pivoted arms, or pivoted carriers for raising and subsequently tipping receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
    • B65F2003/0263—Constructional features relating to discharging means
    • B65F2003/0279—Constructional features relating to discharging means the discharging means mounted at the front of the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refuse collection vehicle with a lifting and tilting device for receiving and emptying refuse containers into a pouring opening of a collection container or a receiving space provided with a conveying and pressing device, which consists of at least one lifting arm pivotally connected to the refuse collection vehicle and at least one this articulated receiving claw or prongs having receiving fork, which can be pivoted via pressure medium piston cylinder units with associated control devices.
  • a refuse collection vehicle with a lift-tilt device of this type is known for example from US-A-38 27 587.
  • a lifting-tilting device for a refuse collection vehicle known from EP-OS 163 859
  • the lifting arms are provided with these pivoting hydraulic cylinders and the receiving claw articulated to the lifting arms is moved in via a handlebar lever system articulated to the lifting arm and the refuse collection vehicle pivoted in such a way that the coupled waste container remains essentially horizontal during the first part of the lifting movement and is only acceleratedly tilted above the pouring opening in the end region of the lifting-tilting movement.
  • this positive control of the receiving claw by a handlebar-lever system is very complex and does not take into account the requirement that there are operating cases in which a stroke-tilt movement with a different characteristic is desired.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a refuse collection vehicle of the type specified at the outset, in which it is ensured that the garbage containers coupled to the latter can be emptied in such a way that they are only tilted to the extent above the pouring opening with its lifting and tilting device, that the garbage falls out of their openings.
  • this object is achieved in a refuse collection vehicle of the generic type in that the lifting arm and the receiving claw or the like. are provided with angle encoders or the like according to the respective swivel angle between the lifting arm and the refuse collection vehicle and the pick-up claw. and generate the lifting arm signals which are fed to a computer which optionally controls the control valves of the pressure piston cylinder units in such a way that they guide a garbage container coupled to the receiving claw essentially horizontally over a predetermined part of the lifting path and only in the end region of the lifting path for emptying into the Swivel the pouring opening.
  • the emptying of the refuse containers is considerably simplified, while at the same time ensuring that refuse does not fall next to the pouring opening, because the lifting and tilting device is provided with an automated positive control system which prevents incorrect operation by the driver or the operating personnel.
  • the lifting and tilting device is provided with an automated positive control system which prevents incorrect operation by the driver or the operating personnel.
  • it is only necessary for an operator or the driver to couple the waste container provided to the receiving claw or the receiving fork which is done in the usual way by manual control and possibly methods of the waste collection vehicle. If the waste container to be emptied is coupled to the receiving claw or the receiving fork, the driver or the operator can actuate the automatic system, so that the lifting and tilting process is computer-controlled.
  • the central computer unit In order to be able to automatically tilt the coupled garbage containers, it is necessary for the central computer unit to be informed of the respective angular positions of the lifting arm and the receiving claw or the receiving fork, which is done by known angle encoders.
  • the angle transmitters report the respective angular position of the lifting arm or the receiving claw or the like by means of analog or digital signals, from which the computer then assigns the mutually assigned ones on the basis of a predetermined program Angular positions calculated over the entire stroke-tilt path and correspondingly controls the pressure medium piston cylinder units via known control devices and solenoid valves.
  • the automatic system for moving the container backwards moves through the lifting and tilting movement. However, since the container is emptied and no more garbage can fall out of it, a different path can be chosen when setting down than is necessary to empty the filled container.
  • the automatic system can be provided with a control device which allows parts of the lifting and tilting movement to be passed through. This may be necessary, for example, if the driver or the operator determines that the tilted container has not yet been completely emptied, so that he repeats at least the last part of the lifting and tilting movement to empty the container.
  • the lifting and tilting device according to the invention can be arranged on the front of a refuse collection vehicle, on the side of the latter or else on the rear side thereof.
  • the garbage collection vehicle 1 shown in the drawing is provided with paired U-shaped curved lifting arms 2, the shorter legs behind the cab 3 of which are horizontal Transverse axis 4 are pivotally connected to the chassis of the refuse collection vehicle in a known manner.
  • hydraulic pressure-piston cylinder units are provided on both sides of the chassis, the piston rods of which are articulated to the lifting arms and the cylinders of which are articulated to the chassis.
  • Lever-like support pieces 5 are pivotally mounted about a horizontal transverse axis connecting the longer legs of the lifting arms 2, at one end of which the piston rods 6 are articulated by hydraulic cylinders 7, which are articulated at point 8 to the longer legs of the lifting arms 2.
  • the support pieces 5 are designed as angle levers, the longer arms 9 forming tines of a fork which can be inserted into sleeve-like receiving pockets 10 which are fastened to the side walls of a waste container 11.
  • the driver pivots the prongs 9 to the correct height and aligns them horizontally so that they can be inserted into the receiving pockets by ancestors of the refuse collection vehicle 1 until stops provided on the prongs 9 12 bump against the edge of the receiving pockets 10.
  • the waste container 11 is coupled in the manner described via the tines 9 to the lifting and tilting device, it can be raised and tilted by switching on the automatic system.
  • the automatic system consists of a computer, not shown, to which signals are supplied by angle sensors, which are arranged in the region of the pivot axes 4, 15 and generate signals which correspond to the respective pivot angle of the lifting arms relative to the chassis and the tines 9 relative to the lifting arm 2 .
  • the arithmetic unit then controls the lifting arms 2 and the tines 9 based on a predetermined program via conventional control devices in such a way that their swiveling movements overlap to form a lifting and tilting movement, which initially keep the waste container 11 essentially horizontal and only tilt it when the opening released by the cover 16 is located above the filling opening 17.
  • the lid 16 is articulated to the tank pan via lateral links 17 which are articulated at point 18 to the lid and at point 19 to the tank pan.
  • the links 17 are provided with laterally cantilevered rollers 20 which, when emptied to open the lid, run onto upper edges 21 of the side walls of the pouring opening.
  • the pouring opening opens into a receiving space 24, in which a reciprocating press plate 25 is arranged, which conveys the rubbish poured into the receiving space 24 through an opening into a garbage container, not shown, and compresses the latter.
  • a control is linked to the lift-tilt device, which moves the press plate 25 into the left position shown in FIG. 1, so that the largest possible space is available when the waste is poured into the receiving space.
  • the lifting arms 2 are provided with cam-like stops 28 which run on counter stops 29 of the refuse collection vehicle at the end of the swivel path. In this end position of the lifting arms 2 ⁇ , the tines 9′′′ are pivoted even further in order to ensure complete emptying of the waste container 11.
  • a CCD camera 30 is arranged in the side wall of the bulk room, which allows the driver to monitor whether the container is completely emptied via a monitor arranged in the cab. Once this has been done, the driver can acknowledge the emptying via a switch, so that the garbage container is then set down again automatically.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that the axis 35 rigidly connecting the supporting pieces 5 carries one or more receiving claws 36 arranged next to one another, which engage in complementary receiving pockets 37, which in the upper edge region of the front of the tub of the refuse containers 38 are arranged.
  • the driver moves the refuse collection vehicle 1 to the container 38 to such an extent that he can couple the receiving claws 36 to the receiving pockets 37 by manually operating the control devices of the lifting arms and the supporting pieces 5.
  • the driver can operate the automatic control of the lifting and tilting device so that the waste container 28 is tilted in the desired manner.
  • An additional switching device is provided for driving the refuse collection vehicle, which first swivels up the tines or claws and then moves them together with the lifting arms in the direction of the pouring opening.

Abstract

The invention relates to a refuse vehicle (1) with a lifting and dumping device for picking up and emptying refuse containers into a receiving chute of a collecting receptacle, said lifting and dumping device consisting of at least one lift arm (2), connected to the refuse vehicle so as to be pivotable, and of at least one fork having a receiving claw (36) connected in articulated fashion to said lift arm, said fork being pivotable by means of pressure-medium actuated piston-cylinder units (6, 7) with associated control means. In order to achieve the object of providing a refuse vehicle of this kind in which it is ensured that refuse containers to which it is attached by means of its lifting and dumping device can be emptied in such a manner that said refuse containers are tipped only when above the receiving chute to such an extent that the refuse falls out of their openings, the lift arm (2) and the receiving claw (36) are provided with phase-angle sensors, which generate signals corresponding to the respective pivot angle between the lift arm and the refuse vehicle and the receiving claw and the lift arm. These signals are fed to a computer which controls the control valves of the pressure-medium actuated piston-cylinder units according to choice in such a manner that the latter carry a refuse container attached to the receiving claw or the like essentially horizontally over a predetermined part of the lift path and pivot said refuse container only in the final range of the lift path for emptying into the receiving chute. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Müllsammelfahrzeug mit einer Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme und zum Entleeren von Müllbehältern in eine Einschüttöffnung eines Sammelbehälters oder eines mit einer Förder- und Preßeinrichtung versehenen Aufnahmeraums, die aus mindestens einem schwenkbar mit dem Müllsammelfahrzeug verbundenen Hubarm und aus mindestens einer an diesem angelenkten Aufnahmeklaue oder Zinken aufweisenden Aufnahmegabel besteht, die über Druckmittelkolbenzylindereinheiten mit zugehörigen Steuereinrichtungen verschwenkbar sind. Ein Müllsammelfahrzeug mit einer Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung dieser Art ist beispielsweise aus der US-A-38 27 587 bekannt. Um mit dieser Hub-KippVorrrichtung angekuppelte Müllbehälter anzuheben und über Kopf in die Einschüttöffnung des hinter dem Führerhaus befindlichen Sammelbehälters zu entleeren, ist es erforderlich, die Hydraulikzylinder des Hubarms und der gelenkig mit diesem verbundenen Aufnahmegabel derart zu steuern, daß der angekuppelte Müllbehälter im wesentlichen waagrecht angehoben und möglichst lange in einer waagrechten Stellung gehalten und erst verkippt wird, wenn sich dessen von dessen Deckel freigegebene Öffnung oberhalb der Einschüttöffnung befindet, so daß aus dem Müllbehälter vorzeitig kein Müll herausfallen kann, der die Umgebung verschmutzen könnte. Eine derartige Steuerung der beiden Hydraulikzylinder bzw. Hydraulikzylinderpaare von Hand durch den Fahrer des Müllsammelfahrzeugs oder eine andere Bedienungsperson ist jedoch außerordentlich schwierig und erfordert erhebliches Geschick, zumal der zu hebende und zu verkippende Müllbehälter den letzten Teil seines Hubkippweges in einem Bereich durchführt, der von dem Fahrer nicht einsehbar ist. Bei dem bekannten Müllsammelfahrzeug kann es daher vorkommen, daß Müll aus dem zu entleerenden Müllbehälter bereits herausfällt, bevor sich dessen Öffnung oberhalb der Einschüttöffnung befindet, so daß Müll in die Umgebung oder auf das Müllfahrzeug und von diesem auf die Straße fallen kann.The invention relates to a refuse collection vehicle with a lifting and tilting device for receiving and emptying refuse containers into a pouring opening of a collection container or a receiving space provided with a conveying and pressing device, which consists of at least one lifting arm pivotally connected to the refuse collection vehicle and at least one this articulated receiving claw or prongs having receiving fork, which can be pivoted via pressure medium piston cylinder units with associated control devices. A refuse collection vehicle with a lift-tilt device of this type is known for example from US-A-38 27 587. In order to lift the garbage containers coupled with this lifting and tilting device and to empty them overhead into the pouring opening of the collecting container located behind the driver's cab, it is necessary to control the hydraulic cylinders of the lifting arm and the receiving fork articulated with it in such a way that the coupled garbage container is essentially horizontal raised and held in a horizontal position for as long as possible and is not tilted until the opening of the cover of which is released is located above the pouring opening, so that no garbage can fall out of the garbage container prematurely and could pollute the surroundings. However, such control of the two hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic cylinder pairs by hand by the driver of the refuse collection vehicle or another operator is extremely difficult and requires considerable skill, especially since the refuse container to be lifted and tilted executes the last part of its lifting and tilting path in an area which is separated from that Driver is not visible. In the known garbage collection vehicle, it can therefore happen that garbage already falls out of the garbage container to be emptied before its opening is above the pouring opening, so that garbage can fall into the environment or onto the garbage vehicle and from there onto the street.

Bei einer aus der EP-OS 163 859 bekannten Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung für ein Müllsammelfahrzeug sind nur die Hubarme mit diesen verschwenkenden Hydraulikzylindern versehen und die an die Hubarme angelenkte Aufnahmeklaue wird über ein an den Hubarm und das Müllsammelfahrzeug angelenktes Lenker-Hebel-System in der Weise verschwenkt, daß der angekuppelte Müllbehälter während des ersten Teils der Hubbewegung im wesentlichen waagrecht verbleibt und erst im Endbereich der Hub-Kipp-Bewegung oberhalb der Einschüttöffnung beschleunigt verkippt wird. Diese Zwangssteuerung der Aufnahmeklaue durch ein Lenker-Hebel-System ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und trägt auch nicht dem Erfordernis Rechnung, daß es Betriebsfälle gibt, in denen eine Hub-Kipp-Bewegung mit anderer Charakteristik erwünscht ist.In a lifting-tilting device for a refuse collection vehicle known from EP-OS 163 859, only the lifting arms are provided with these pivoting hydraulic cylinders and the receiving claw articulated to the lifting arms is moved in via a handlebar lever system articulated to the lifting arm and the refuse collection vehicle pivoted in such a way that the coupled waste container remains essentially horizontal during the first part of the lifting movement and is only acceleratedly tilted above the pouring opening in the end region of the lifting-tilting movement. However, this positive control of the receiving claw by a handlebar-lever system is very complex and does not take into account the requirement that there are operating cases in which a stroke-tilt movement with a different characteristic is desired.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Müllsammelfahrzeug der eingangs angegebenen Art zu schaffen, bei dem sichergestellt ist, daß sich mit dessen Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung an diese angekuppelte Müllbehälter in der Weise entleeren lassen, daß diese erst oberhalb der Einschüttöffnung soweit verkippt werden, daß der Müll aus deren Öffnungen herausfällt.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a refuse collection vehicle of the type specified at the outset, in which it is ensured that the garbage containers coupled to the latter can be emptied in such a way that they are only tilted to the extent above the pouring opening with its lifting and tilting device, that the garbage falls out of their openings.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Müllsammelfahrzeug der gattungsgemäßen Art dadurch gelöst, daß der Hubarm und die Aufnahmeklaue o.dgl. mit Winkelgebern versehen sind, die entsprechend dem jeweiligen Schwenkwinkel zwischen dem Hubarm und dem Müllsammelfahrzeug sowie der Aufnahmeklaue o.dgl. und dem Hubarm Signale erzeugen, die einem Rechner zugeführt werden, der wahlweise die Steuerventile der Druckmittelkolbenzylindereinheiten derart steuert, daß diese einen an die Aufnahmeklaue angekuppelten Müllbehälter über einen vorbestimmten Teil des Hubweges im wesentlichen waagrecht führen und diesen erst im Endbereich des Hubweges zur Entleerung in die Einschüttöffnung verschwenken. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Müllsammelfahrzeug ist die Entleerung der Müllbehälter wesentlich vereinfacht, wobei zugleich sichergestellt ist, daß Müll nicht neben die Einschüttöffnung fällt, weil die Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung mit einer automatisierten Zwangssteuerung versehen ist, die Fehlbedienungen durch den Fahrer oder das Bedienungspersonal ausschließt. Um einen zu entleerenden Müllbehälter zu verkippen, ist es lediglich erforderlich, daß eine Bedienungsperson oder der Fahrer den bereitgestellten Müllbehälter an die Aufnahmeklaue oder die Aufnahmegabel ankuppelt, was in üblicher Weise durch Handsteuerung und evtl. Verfahren des Müllsammelfahrzeugs geschieht. Ist der zu entleerende Müllbehälter an die Aufnahmeklaue oder die Aufnahmegabel angekuppelt, kann der Fahrer oder die Bedienungsperson die Automatik betätigen, so daß der Hub-Kipp-Vorgang rechnergesteuert erfolgt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a refuse collection vehicle of the generic type in that the lifting arm and the receiving claw or the like. are provided with angle encoders or the like according to the respective swivel angle between the lifting arm and the refuse collection vehicle and the pick-up claw. and generate the lifting arm signals which are fed to a computer which optionally controls the control valves of the pressure piston cylinder units in such a way that they guide a garbage container coupled to the receiving claw essentially horizontally over a predetermined part of the lifting path and only in the end region of the lifting path for emptying into the Swivel the pouring opening. In the refuse collection vehicle according to the invention, the emptying of the refuse containers is considerably simplified, while at the same time ensuring that refuse does not fall next to the pouring opening, because the lifting and tilting device is provided with an automated positive control system which prevents incorrect operation by the driver or the operating personnel. In order to tilt a waste container to be emptied, it is only necessary for an operator or the driver to couple the waste container provided to the receiving claw or the receiving fork, which is done in the usual way by manual control and possibly methods of the waste collection vehicle. If the waste container to be emptied is coupled to the receiving claw or the receiving fork, the driver or the operator can actuate the automatic system, so that the lifting and tilting process is computer-controlled.

Um die angekuppelten Müllbehälter automatisch verkippen zu können, ist es erforderlich, daß der zentralen Rechnereinheit die jeweiligen Winkelstellungen des Hubarms und der Aufnahmeklaue oder der Aufnahmegabel gemeldet werden, was durch Winkelgeber bekannter Art erfolgt. Die Winkelgeber melden durch Analoge oder digitale Signale die jeweilige Winkelstellung des Hubarms oder der Aufnahmeklaue o.dgl., aus denen der Rechner dann aufgrund eines vorgegebenen Programms die einander zugeordneten Winkelstellungen über den gesamten Hub-Kipp-Weg errechnet und entsprechend über bekannte Steuereinrichtungen und Magnetventile die Druckmittelkolbenzylindereinheiten steuert. Sobald der Behälter entleert worden ist, durchfährt die Automatik zum Absetzen des Behälters rückwärts die Hub-Kipp-Bewegung. Da der Behälter jedoch entleert ist und aus diesem kein Müll mehr herausfallen kann, kann beim Absetzen ein anderer Weg gewählt werden als der zum Entleeren der gefüllten Behälter erforderlich ist.In order to be able to automatically tilt the coupled garbage containers, it is necessary for the central computer unit to be informed of the respective angular positions of the lifting arm and the receiving claw or the receiving fork, which is done by known angle encoders. The angle transmitters report the respective angular position of the lifting arm or the receiving claw or the like by means of analog or digital signals, from which the computer then assigns the mutually assigned ones on the basis of a predetermined program Angular positions calculated over the entire stroke-tilt path and correspondingly controls the pressure medium piston cylinder units via known control devices and solenoid valves. As soon as the container has been emptied, the automatic system for moving the container backwards moves through the lifting and tilting movement. However, since the container is emptied and no more garbage can fall out of it, a different path can be chosen when setting down than is necessary to empty the filled container.

Zusätzlich kann die Automatik mit einer Steuereinrichtung versehen sein, die das Durchfahren von Teilen der Hub-Kipp-Bewegung gestattet. Dies kann beispielsweise erforderlich sein, wenn der Fahrer oder die Bedienungsperson feststellt, daß der verkippte Behälter noch nicht vollständig entleert ist, so daß er zumindest den letzten Teil der Hub-Kipp-Bewegung zum Entleeren des Behälters wiederholt.In addition, the automatic system can be provided with a control device which allows parts of the lifting and tilting movement to be passed through. This may be necessary, for example, if the driver or the operator determines that the tilted container has not yet been completely emptied, so that he repeats at least the last part of the lifting and tilting movement to empty the container.

Die erfindungsgemäße Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung kann frontseitig an einem Müllsammelfahrzeug, seitlich von diesem oder aber auch an dessen Heckseite angeordnet sein.The lifting and tilting device according to the invention can be arranged on the front of a refuse collection vehicle, on the side of the latter or else on the rear side thereof.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In dieser zeigt

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht des vorderen Teils eines Müllsammelfahrzeugs mit einer Aufnahmegabel versehenen Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung und
Fig. 2
eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der das Kupplungsorgan der Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung aus einer Aufnahmeklaue besteht.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. In this shows
Fig. 1
a side view of the front part of a refuse collection vehicle provided with a lifting fork and tilting device
Fig. 2
1 corresponding representation, in which the coupling member of the lifting and tilting device consists of a receiving claw.

Das aus der Zeichnung ersichtliche Müllsammelfahrzeug 1 ist mit paarweise vorgesehenen U-förmig gekrümmten Hubarmen 2 versehen, deren kürzeren Schenkel hinter dem Fahrerhaus 3 um eine horizontale Querachse 4 schwenkbar an dem Chassis des Müllsammelfahrzeugs in bekannter Weise angelenkt sind. Zum Verschwenken der Hubarme 2 sind beidseits des Chassis nicht dargestellte hydraulische Druckmittelkolbenzylindereinheiten vorgesehen, deren Kolbenstangen an die Hubarme und deren Zylinder an das Chassis angelenkt sind.The garbage collection vehicle 1 shown in the drawing is provided with paired U-shaped curved lifting arms 2, the shorter legs behind the cab 3 of which are horizontal Transverse axis 4 are pivotally connected to the chassis of the refuse collection vehicle in a known manner. To pivot the lifting arms 2, hydraulic pressure-piston cylinder units, not shown, are provided on both sides of the chassis, the piston rods of which are articulated to the lifting arms and the cylinders of which are articulated to the chassis.

Um eine die längeren Schenkel der Hubarme 2 verbindende horizontale Querachse sind hebelartige Tragstücke 5 schwenkbar gelagert, an deren einen Enden die Kolbenstangen 6 von Hydraulikzylindern 7 angelenkt sind, die gelenkig im Punkt 8 mit den längeren Schenkeln der Hubarme 2 verbunden sind. Die Tragstücke 5 sind als Winkelhebel ausgebildet, wobei die längeren Arme 9 Zinken einer Gabel bilden, die in manschettenartige Aufnahmetaschen 10 eingeführt werden können, die an seitlichen Wandungen eines Müllbehälters 11 befestigt sind. Zum Einführen der Zinken 9 der Aufnahmegabel in die Aufnahmetaschen 10 verschwenkt der Fahrer die Zinken 9 in die richtige Höhe und richtet diese waagrecht aus, so daß sie durch Vorfahren des Müllsammelfahrzeugs 1 in die Aufnahmetaschen soweit eingeführt werden können, bis an den Zinken 9 vorgesehene Anschläge 12 an den Rand der Aufnahmetaschen 10 anstoßen. Sobald der Müllbehälter 11 in der beschriebenen Weise über die Zinken 9 an die Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung angekuppelt ist, kann dieser durch Einschalten der Automatik angehoben und verkippt werden.Lever-like support pieces 5 are pivotally mounted about a horizontal transverse axis connecting the longer legs of the lifting arms 2, at one end of which the piston rods 6 are articulated by hydraulic cylinders 7, which are articulated at point 8 to the longer legs of the lifting arms 2. The support pieces 5 are designed as angle levers, the longer arms 9 forming tines of a fork which can be inserted into sleeve-like receiving pockets 10 which are fastened to the side walls of a waste container 11. To insert the prongs 9 of the receiving fork into the receiving pockets 10, the driver pivots the prongs 9 to the correct height and aligns them horizontally so that they can be inserted into the receiving pockets by ancestors of the refuse collection vehicle 1 until stops provided on the prongs 9 12 bump against the edge of the receiving pockets 10. As soon as the waste container 11 is coupled in the manner described via the tines 9 to the lifting and tilting device, it can be raised and tilted by switching on the automatic system.

Die Automatik besteht aus einem nicht dargestellten Rechner, dem von Winkelgebern Signale zugeführt werden, die im Bereich der Schwenkachsen 4, 15 angeordnet sind und Signale erzeugen, die dem jeweiligen Schwenkwinkel der Hubarme relativ zu dem Chassis und der Zinken 9 relativ zu dem Hubarm 2 entsprechen. Die Recheneinheit steuert sodann aufgrund eines vorgegebenen Programms über übliche Steuereinrichtungen die Hubarme 2 und die Zinken 9 in der Weise, daß sich deren Schwenkbewegungen zu einer Hub-Kipp-Bewegung überlagern, die den Müllbehälter 11 im wesentlichen zunächst waagrecht halten und diesen erst verkippen, wenn sich dessen von dem Deckel 16 freigegebene Öffnung oberhalb der Einfüllöffnung 17 befindet.The automatic system consists of a computer, not shown, to which signals are supplied by angle sensors, which are arranged in the region of the pivot axes 4, 15 and generate signals which correspond to the respective pivot angle of the lifting arms relative to the chassis and the tines 9 relative to the lifting arm 2 . The arithmetic unit then controls the lifting arms 2 and the tines 9 based on a predetermined program via conventional control devices in such a way that their swiveling movements overlap to form a lifting and tilting movement, which initially keep the waste container 11 essentially horizontal and only tilt it when the opening released by the cover 16 is located above the filling opening 17.

Aus Fig. 1 sind einzelne Zwischenstellungen 9′, 9˝ und 9‴ der Zinken während der Hub-Kipp-Bewegung ersichtlich.From Fig. 1 individual intermediate positions 9 ', 9˝ and 9 ‴ of the tines can be seen during the lifting-tilting movement.

Der Deckel 16 ist über seitliche Lenker 17, die gelenkig in dem Punkt 18 mit dem Deckel und in dem Punkt 19 mit der Behälterwanne verbunden sind, an die Behälterwanne angelenkt. Die Lenker 17 sind mit seitlich auskragenden Rollen 20 versehen, die bei dem Entleeren zur Öffnung des Deckels auf obere Ränder 21 der seitlichen Wandungen der Einschüttöffnung auflaufen.The lid 16 is articulated to the tank pan via lateral links 17 which are articulated at point 18 to the lid and at point 19 to the tank pan. The links 17 are provided with laterally cantilevered rollers 20 which, when emptied to open the lid, run onto upper edges 21 of the side walls of the pouring opening.

Aus der Stellung der Zinken 9, 9′, 9˝, 9‴ in Fig. 1 ist ersichtlich, daß der Behälter während eines Anhebens zunächst waagrecht gehalten wird und daß dessen Kippbewegung erst dann eingeleitet wird, wenn dieser sich oberhalb der Einschüttöffnung befindet, so daß herausfallender Abfall sicher in die Einschüttöffnung verkippt wird.From the position of the prongs 9, 9 ', 9˝, 9 ‴ in Fig. 1 it can be seen that the container is initially held horizontally during lifting and that its tilting movement is only initiated when it is above the pouring opening, so that falling waste is safely tipped into the pouring opening.

Die Einschüttöffnung mündet in einen Aufnahmeraum 24, in dem ein hin- und herverfahrbarer Preßschild 25 angeordnet ist, der den in den Aufnahmeraum 24 eingeschütteten Müll durch eine Öffnung in einen nicht dargestellten Müllbehälter fördert und diesen in diesem verdichtet. Mit der Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung ist eine Steuerung verknüpft, die den Preßschild 25 in die aus Fig. 1 ersichtliche linke Stellung verfährt, so daß beim Einschütten des Mülls in den Aufnahmeraum der größtmögliche Raum zur Verfügung steht.The pouring opening opens into a receiving space 24, in which a reciprocating press plate 25 is arranged, which conveys the rubbish poured into the receiving space 24 through an opening into a garbage container, not shown, and compresses the latter. A control is linked to the lift-tilt device, which moves the press plate 25 into the left position shown in FIG. 1, so that the largest possible space is available when the waste is poured into the receiving space.

Die Hubarme 2 sind mit nockenartigen Anschlägen 28 versehen, die am Ende des Schwenkweges auf Gegenanschläge 29 des Müllsammelfahrzeugs laufen. In dieser Endstellung der Hubarme 2˝ werden die Zinken 9‴ noch weiter verschwenkt, um eine vollständige Entleerung des Müllbehälters 11 sicherzustellen.The lifting arms 2 are provided with cam-like stops 28 which run on counter stops 29 of the refuse collection vehicle at the end of the swivel path. In this end position of the lifting arms 2˝, the tines 9‴ are pivoted even further in order to ensure complete emptying of the waste container 11.

In der Seitenwand des Schüttraums ist eine CCD-Kamera 30 angeordnet, die dem Fahrer über einen im Fahrerhaus angeordneten Monitor Beobachtung erlaubt, ob der Behälter vollständig entleert ist. Ist dies geschehen, kann der Fahrer die Entleerung über einen Schalter quittieren, so daß dann über die Automatik der Müllbehälter wieder abgesetzt wird.A CCD camera 30 is arranged in the side wall of the bulk room, which allows the driver to monitor whether the container is completely emptied via a monitor arranged in the cab. Once this has been done, the driver can acknowledge the emptying via a switch, so that the garbage container is then set down again automatically.

Sollte der Fahrer beobachten, daß der Behälter nicht vollständig entleert ist, kann er über einen Schalter die automatische Steuerung in der Weise betätigen, daß die Zinken den Müllbehälter bis zur vollständigen Entleerung hin- und herverschwenken. Wahlweise besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die Druckmittelkolbenzylindereinheiten durch von Hand betätigbare Steuereinrichtungen (Joystick) zu steuern.If the driver observes that the container is not completely emptied, he can operate the automatic control via a switch in such a way that the tines swing the garbage container back and forth until it is completely emptied. Optionally, there is also the possibility of controlling the pressure piston cylinder units by means of manually operated control devices (joystick).

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von dem nach Fig. 1 dadurch, daß die die Tragstücke 5 starr verbindende Achse 35 eine oder mehrere nebeneinander angeordnete Aufnahmeklauen 36 trägt, die in komplementäre Aufnahmetaschen 37 greifen, die im oberen Randbereich der Vorderseite der Wanne derMüllbehälter 38 angeordnet sind. Zum Ankuppeln der Müllbehälter 38 an die Aufnahmeklauen 36 fährt der Fahrer das Müllsammelfahrzeug 1 an den Behälter 38 soweit heran, daß er durch Handbetätigung der Steuereinrichtungen der Hubarme und der Tragstücke 5 die Aufnahmeklauen 36 mit den Aufnahmetaschen 37 kuppeln kann. Ist der kuppelnde Eingriff hergestellt, kann der Fahrer die automatische Steuerung der Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung betätigen, so daß das Verkippen des Müllbehälters 28 in der gewünschten Weise erfolgt.The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that the axis 35 rigidly connecting the supporting pieces 5 carries one or more receiving claws 36 arranged next to one another, which engage in complementary receiving pockets 37, which in the upper edge region of the front of the tub of the refuse containers 38 are arranged. To couple the refuse container 38 to the receiving claws 36, the driver moves the refuse collection vehicle 1 to the container 38 to such an extent that he can couple the receiving claws 36 to the receiving pockets 37 by manually operating the control devices of the lifting arms and the supporting pieces 5. Once the coupling engagement has been established, the driver can operate the automatic control of the lifting and tilting device so that the waste container 28 is tilted in the desired manner.

Für den Fahrbetrieb des Müllsammelfahrzeugs ist eine zusätzliche Schalteinrichtung vorgesehen, die zunächst die Zinken oder Klauen hochschwenkt und diese zusammen sodann mit den Hubarmen in Richtung der Einschüttöffnung verfährt.An additional switching device is provided for driving the refuse collection vehicle, which first swivels up the tines or claws and then moves them together with the lifting arms in the direction of the pouring opening.

Claims (2)

  1. A refuse collecting vehicle (1) with a lifting tipping device (2, 5-9) for receiving and emptying refuse containers (11, 38) into a dumping opening of a collecting container or of a receiving compartment (24) provided with a conveying and compressing apparatus, which device consists of at least one lifting arm (2) that is pivotably connectcd to the refuse collecting vehicle and of at least one take-up claw (36) articulated thereto or of a fork (9) having tines, which are pivotable by means of pressure medium piston cylinder units with associated control devices,
    characterized in that
    the lifting arm (2) and the take-up claw (36) or the fork (9) are provided with angle transmitters which generate signals corresponding to the pivoting angle between the lifting arm (2) and the refuse collecting vehicle (1) as well as the take-up claw (36) and the lifting arm (2), which are passed to a computer which selectively actuates the control valves of the pressure medium piston cylinder units in such a way that the latter carry a refuse container (11) coupled to the take-up claw or the fork (9) over a predetermined portion of the lifting path substantially horizontally, and only pivot it in the end zone of the lifting path for the emptying into the dumping opening.
  2. A refuse collecting vehicle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure medium piston cylinder units may be controlled selectively by means of control devices (a joystick) that are actuated by hand.
EP92100773A 1991-01-24 1992-01-17 Refuse vehicle with a lifting and dumping device for unloading refuse containers into a receiving chute Expired - Lifetime EP0496302B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4102064 1991-01-24
DE4102064A DE4102064A1 (en) 1991-01-24 1991-01-24 WASTE COLLECTING VEHICLE WITH A LIFTING AND TILTING DEVICE FOR RECEIVING AND EMPTYING WASTE CONTAINERS IN A TUBE OPENING

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EP0496302A1 EP0496302A1 (en) 1992-07-29
EP0496302B1 true EP0496302B1 (en) 1994-06-29

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EP (1) EP0496302B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE107904T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4102064A1 (en)
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US7729831B2 (en) 1999-07-30 2010-06-01 Oshkosh Corporation Concrete placement vehicle control system and method
US7848857B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2010-12-07 Oshkosh Corporation System and method for braking in an electric vehicle
US8139109B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2012-03-20 Oshkosh Corporation Vision system for an autonomous vehicle

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US5954470A (en) * 1993-09-09 1999-09-21 Galion Solid Waste Equipment Co, Inc. Compacting system and refuse vehicle
DE9407869U1 (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-09-14 Georg Edgar Garbage collection vehicle
DE19506377A1 (en) * 1995-02-23 1996-08-29 Aicher Max Entsorgungstechnik Lever system driven by two hydraulic piston-cylinder units
US6059511A (en) * 1995-03-07 2000-05-09 Toccoa Metal Technologies, Inc. Residential front loading refuse collection vehicle
US7072745B2 (en) * 1999-07-30 2006-07-04 Oshkosh Truck Corporation Refuse vehicle control system and method
US7412307B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2008-08-12 Oshkosh Truck Corporation Refuse vehicle control system and method
US8947531B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2015-02-03 Oshkosh Corporation Vehicle diagnostics based on information communicated between vehicles
FR2950871B1 (en) * 2009-10-02 2012-01-20 Plastic Omnium Cie DEVICE FOR COLLECTING WASTE, SUCH AS A COLLECTION TRUCK
ITPI20090139A1 (en) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-06 Cucini S R L Off TILTING DEVICE FOR BOXES.
US9845191B2 (en) 2013-08-02 2017-12-19 Oshkosh Corporation Ejector track for refuse vehicle
WO2018053581A1 (en) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-29 Superior Pak Holdings Pty Ltd Front load mobile compaction vehicle loading system
CN107472752A (en) * 2017-09-21 2017-12-15 左勤 A kind of categorized consumer waste is collected and the method and system of intelligence direct
CN108978553B (en) * 2018-08-06 2024-04-05 南京卓鑫发科技有限公司 Automatic garbage collection equipment and automatic garbage collection method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7729831B2 (en) 1999-07-30 2010-06-01 Oshkosh Corporation Concrete placement vehicle control system and method
US7835838B2 (en) 1999-07-30 2010-11-16 Oshkosh Corporation Concrete placement vehicle control system and method
US7848857B2 (en) 2001-01-31 2010-12-07 Oshkosh Corporation System and method for braking in an electric vehicle
US8139109B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2012-03-20 Oshkosh Corporation Vision system for an autonomous vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0496302A1 (en) 1992-07-29
DE4102064A1 (en) 1992-08-13
ATE107904T1 (en) 1994-07-15
DE59200255D1 (en) 1994-08-04
ES2056668T3 (en) 1994-10-01

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