DE2745632A1 - PROCEDURE, SECURITY SYSTEM AND SECURITY ITEM FOR VERIFYING GENUINEITY - Google Patents

Description

- V -

P.- PENSION AGENCY

DIpl.-lng. Sigurd Leine ■ Dipl.-Phy ». Or. Norbert KAnIg

Burckhardtstrasse 1 Telelon (0611) 823005

D-3000 Hannover 1

Our sign date

EMI Limited 100/449 Oct 7, 1977

Procedure, security system and security item for checking authenticity

The invention relates to security materials, of which real specimens have a body made of magnetizable Material, and the testing of objects then whether it is her. are real specimens and a determination, whether they are real or not.

Sicherheitsinaterialien, the part can make a security article or an entire security article, such as a ticket, a pass, a PaB, a key or a "valuable paper", eg, cash, a check form, a mortgage bond or stock have been proposed in the form of magnetizable materials , of which real specimens have distinguishable magnetic characteristics that can be detected by a test device or device. The magnetizable material is expediently a layer or layers of material in strip form that is attached to the security object.

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see the sun gear 8 and the housing 11 of the planetary gear assembly 5, a one-way clutch 12 is coupled. This one-way clutch works so that it by sliding and simultaneous Rotating a sleeve 13 releases the sun gear 8 in both directions. For this purpose the sleeve 13 is provided with a radial pin 15 which rotates the sleeve when it is axially displaced. In addition, the sleeve 13 has a number of axial pins 15, which disengages the locking members of the one-way clutch Move position, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

Between the ring gear 6 and the sun gear 8, a clutch is arranged, which is a first, provided with a friction layer and axially on a hub 17 connected to the ring gear 6 axially displaceable coupling member 16 and a second coupling member 18 has, v / which is carried by a hub 19 connected to the sun gear and the one-way clutch 12. The second coupling member 18 is axially displaceable to a limited extent and is pressed against the first coupling member 16 by a spring 20 printed. The displacement of the coupling member 16 and the sleeve 13 is achieved with the help of the forks 21a, 21b, which over a push rod 23 are coupled to a push lever 22 of the gear housing 3.

Fig. 1 shows the coupling consisting of the coupling members 16 and 18 in the released position. The sleeve 13 is located in a position in which the one-way or overrunning clutch 12 is in operation, i.e., it allows rotation of the hub 19 and the sun gear connected to this in only one direction of rotation. When turning the output shaft: 4 of the gel iebegeiiauses 3, the torque is transmitted to the planet carrier 9, and the sun gear 8 is against the rotation in the direction of rotation of the Planet carrier locked by the one-way clutch 12. Thus, the planet gears 7 roll on the stationary sun gear and

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drive the loosened ring gear at a higher speed than the speed of the planet carrier 9. So the overdrive inserted, which between the output shaft 4 of the transmission housing 3 and the output shaft 10 of the planetary gear assembly for example, creates a gear ratio of 0.7: 1.

When the torque is transmitted in the opposite direction, i.e. from the drive wheels of the vehicle via the Output shaft 10 of the planetary gear arrangement to the ring gear 6, the sun gear 8 as a result of the one-way clutch 12 can freely in the opposite Turn the direction of rotation of the ring gear. This eliminates engine braking when the overdrive is engaged is, resulting in reduced fuel consumption.

A transition from overdrive to fourth gear, for example, takes place by releasing the main clutch 12, after which the sliding lever 22 of the transmission housing is moved into the position of fourth gear. This first activates the one-way clutch 12 completely released in that the fork 21a displaces the sleeve 13 so that the one-way clutch 12 rotates freely the hub 19 and the associated sun gear 8 allowed in both directions.

The coupling member 16 is moved in the direction of the coupling member 18 by the fork 21b. The friction surfaces of the coupling members serve as a synchronization device for synchronizing the rotational speeds of the ring gear 6 and the sun gear 8. When the coupling members 16 and 18 engage with one another, the planetary gear arrangement is blocked so that the output shaft 10 rotates at the same speed as the output shaft 4 of the gearbox housing.

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Known imitation techniques exist in layers of different ones Thicknesses / layers of false, usually lower coercive force and deliberate destruction of one Layer. Inadvertent changes can also occur when a real layer is destroyed, resulting in an incorrect one Responding to a real specimen can result in either rejection or assumption, different from the correct object.

The charge is based on the task of a technique to test security materials for damage to the material.

The object on which the invention is based relates to a method 2ur examination of an object, its content The object of security and its authenticity is due to the presence of the body's magnetized security material can be seen, wherein two pieces of magnetizable material are provided, one of which is uniform and the other the body is made of security material, and which are arranged relative to one another so that the destruction of one part also the affects the other of the two parts.

The solution to the problem on which the invention is based consists in the fact that the two parts are magnetizing Field are subjected to generate a residual magnetization in the one part that the parts are tested to a Change in a magnetic field at the edges of a residual magnetized part to determine that any were detected Edge fields are checked / for the presence of

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To determine interruptions in the parts / and that the result of such a check is indicated, whereby a destruction of both parts or another interruption in the magnetizable material in the offered object can be determined, which could affect the authenticity of the offered security object.

The invention also relates to a security system for at least one portable security object. This The system is characterized in that the security object consists at least in part of a body made of magnetizable security material, that at least one test device for testing an offered object containing the security material for the presence of a expected magnetic property is provided to determine and indicate whether such an item is genuine or not, the body made of safety material two parts made of magnetizable! Has material which are arranged to one another so that a destruction, a break caused in one part, also interrupts the other of the two parts, the first of the parts having a uniform magnetic character, and the testing device Means for determining the edges of residual magnetized areas of the first part and thus of the edges of scratches which destroy both parts, through which destruction or other interruptions in the magnetizable material, which influence the authenticity of the offered object and the security of the system can be determined.

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Finally, the invention relates to a security object for a carrier of a sheet of card, paper, plastic or similar material. Such an article is characterized by two layers of magnetizable material which at least partially overlap, one layer having a permanent structure of a change in a magnetic property of the material, while the other layer is uniform and has a higher coercive force than the material of the one layer wherein the layers are overlapped in such a way that both are influenced by destruction which one of them experiences in the area of overlap , such destruction being detectable by an interruption of the uniform layer.

If the body of the material is expected to contain two parts of different coercive force , then in the method according to the invention first an erasing and then a magnetizing field is applied, or vice versa. Applying a quenching field to the body of sufficient strength to quench all magnetization and then applying a field to magnetize only the parts of lower coercive force enables the detection of fringing fields of lower coercive force. An erasing field is reversed initially magnetized herds both parts and then applied to only the parts to demagnetize a lower coercive force, so fringing fields higher coercivity can be determined by one part.

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If the body has two parts of different coercive force, one is preferably of the type that there is one has a permanent magnetic structure.

The security material can be an element that overlaps each other contains arranged layers of magnetizable material, so that the destruction of one also leads to the destruction of the other. The layers can be magnetizable Be material of different coercive force. A layer can have a permanent magnetic structure. An exam of the security material can be the magnetization of the security material destroy, so that the permanent structure is revealed as a remanent change and the permanent structure demagnetizes while a magnetically uniform portion of the material is magnetized.

With the aid of the drawing, the invention is intended to explain exemplary embodiments. will.

Fig. 1 and 2? ^ igen wave forms that serve to understand the invention,

Fig. 3 shows schematically a device for testing a sickness materiali., and

4 shows a card in an arrangement for recognizing attempts at forgery.

1 shows a typical permanently magnetically structured element made of security material in the form of a strip 1o. The element is a body formed by a layer of magnetically anisotropic material of which

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some sections 12, 14, 16, 18 magnetically in the longitudinal direction of the strip and some sections 11, 13, 15, 17 are aligned across the strip to form distinguishable sections form. If the strip is magnetized in the same direction and if it is moved past a conventional reading head, thus a series of pulses is generated as shown in Figure 1b. The ends of the strips generate large pulses 11o and 19o, while the transitions between the sections different orientation generate smaller impulses (12o to 18o). The transition impulses can be determined and used Generation of a sigm that can be used for the permanent Structure in the form of the arrangement and length of the different sections is characteristic.

Fig. 2 illustrates the effect of scratches across a strip 2o, which corresponds to the arguing 1o. The interruptions 22 and 24 of the strip divide the strip into sections 21, 23, 25, each of which is large when magnetized Causes impulses that correspond to the impulses .Iu and 19o. These pulses are labeled 22o, 23o, 24o and 25o. It it can be seen that by adjusting the width of the scratches 22, 24 and thus the distance between the pulses 22o, 23o, 24o and a pulse waveform similar to that in FIG. 1 can be generated, regardless of whether the strip 2o is permanently magnetically structured is or is not when the strip is magnetized and moved past a reading head. That way you can a real card will be counterfeited and a potentially fraudulent measure will be taken. The amplitude of the pulses

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is normally not recognized when examining the structured material, since the possible values largely correspond to the Head contact etc. may vary.

Fig. 3 shows a card reading device with which a
Card 39 containing a security material can be checked using a method of distinguishing between genuine and counterfeit security material.

Fig. 4 shows a card in which scratches and the like can be recognized. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the card 40 contains two layers 41, 42 of magnetic material which are superposed and attached to a surface of a carrier 43 in a suitable manner. The techniques for making the card are well known and are not
described. The layers have different coercive forces and one has a permanent magnetic structure while the other is magnetically uniform. The device contains a transport path 3o for the offered card, with the aid of which the card can be moved past a number of test stations and either returned or retained as required. Four test stations 31, 32, 33 and 34 are shown.

The inspection stations are arranged taking into account the particular form of card construction used in a system of cards and readers. To the
For example, a card has a layer 41 of high coercive force on the carrier 43, the layer 41 being composed of a permanently structured layer 42 of lower coercive force

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is superimposed. Typical materials are chromium dioxide or barium ferrite for the layer of high coercive force (eg 500 to 5,000 Oersted) and gamma iron oxide Fe ₃ O ₃ for the layer of low coercive force (300 Oe.).

The test station 31 is a "development" station that a rectified magnetic field of sufficient strength is applied to even the material of high coercive force to saturation to magnetize. This will delete any temporary records so that when they are used a previous station is provided to read and store them. The deletion makes all attempts ineffective to imitate a permanent structure by recording, e.g. on a material with high coercive force. The station can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnetic head.

The test station 32, which the card 33 passes through next, is a data read head that checks the layer 42 for remanent Detect changes in layer 42 due to any remaining structure of oriented magnetic material. The output of this head, e.g. waveform 321, is stored for later use. It should be noted that the head in station 32 also detects scratches and the like as part of waveform 321, as previously in conjunction is described with FIG.

The card 39 now passes through station 33, which creates an erasing field of such strength that the layer 42 is completely is demagnetized, which has a structure while the layer 41 remains magnetized.

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The card then passes through station 34, in which another Read head detects any changes in the remaining remanence, e.g. due to edge fields, and a suitable one Output waveform is generated which may, for example, have the shape indicated by reference numerals 341 and 342. Waveform 341 corresponds to a uniform, integral layer 41 of high coercivity material such as that found in a real card is encountered. Waveform 341 has only two large pulses, one at each end of the slice. Waveform 342 can created by a layer that has multiple scratches or scrapes across it, resulting in the rejection of the Card leads. In order to complete this test we will therefore only one card accepted as possibly real if waveform 321 and 341 are present at the same time. The absence of waveform 321 suggests a non-structured layer while the presence of waveform 342 indicates an intentionally or accidentally destroyed or altered layer. the Waveforms can vary from those shown on an oscilloscope Waveforms can be distinguished. If desired, the distinction can be made electronically. Matching electronic Circuits for performing the comparison are well known in the art and are represented by blocks 35 which have a Have output 351 indicating an acceptable or unacceptable card and in an appropriate manner, e.g. for control a sales machine, access to a locked one District or the journey in a transport system.

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The particular form of card structure chosen depends on the system in which the card is to be used, however a card with two layers is generally preferable because of the presence or absence of the above-mentioned pulses then a compensating feature is without affecting the pulse amplitude measurement arrives. Of course, more layers can also be used.

Looking again at Fig. 4, layer 41 may be the structured layer, with layer 42 overlying and the uniform layer being of lower coercive force. (Of course, appropriate inspection stations must be provided, as is clear to the skilled artisan.) If two layers are used, they should be structurally associated with each other, so that both are damaged by any scratches, etc.. In another arrangement, in which one layer, such as layers 41 and 42, is wide enough to allow inspection along different structures, waveforms obtained from these different structures can be compared.

In the foregoing description, waveforms relating to the entirety of the strips 41, 42 of magnetic material have been considered, but it is currently common practice in reading credit cards and the like to ignore the read signal from the start and end of the strip. This reduces the risk of data that misrepresents the meaning being taken into account. The ASCII standards specify the parameters for the read signal.

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In this practice, the fringing fields in waveform 341 would not be used. The comparison would be based on the characteristic ones Supports portions of the waveform that have been determined from the data that are considered indicative. Accordingly the criterion comparison of waveform 341 would be the absence of the fringing field signals in the section corresponding to the Portion of waveform 321 which is believed to be indicative.

In addition, the previous description relates to direct current, i.e. to equalization of the magnetizable Materials. In the same way an alternating current magnetization can be used, e.g. in a selected one Frequency. The presence of an interruption is then a change in the level of the read frequency from the remanent magnetization and not detectable by an impulse. Appropriate changes to the test equipment are readily available Hand and are not described as they are not essential to an understanding of the invention.

Albeit a special form of a card and a testing device have been described, the invention is of course also applicable to other forms of cards or security documents. In addition, the test facility be arranged in another way, e.g. two passes can be made on the same two heads, with the excitation of the Erase head is different.

The techniques described above enable a magnetic security element to be tested for intentional or

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accidental damage with the risk of an incorrect The device operates / is controlled by the security element. Albeit by reference Described in detail on a structured layer, both layers can of course also be unstructured.

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Claims (11)

HAITNTANWALl E Dipl.-Ing Sigurd Leine - Ulpl.-Ptiys. Dr. Norbert KONIG TTMT riinif »rl Burdchaidtsh ihe I Telofon (OSII) 82 3006 EMI Limit Cl 0-3000Ha ₁₁ MO., 1 Our time and date 100/449 Oct 7, 1977 Patent pending A method for testing of an object, the contents of a Sicherheitsyegeniji and and whose authenticity by the presence of one-j body magnetizable Sicherlu itsmaterials be seen, in which two parts are provided from a magnetizable material, of which a uniform and the other dt r Kcrper of safety mat is rial , and those so arranged to one another. are that the destruction of one part .. after the other ι affects the two parts, characterized in that ύ · ~ .3 the suffering parts are subjected to a magnetizing field in order to generate a residual magnetization in one part that the parts are tested
in order to determine a reduction in a magnetic field at the edges of one of the remnantized parts,
that any detected roughs will be checked in order to verify the Vnrh. .idensei 'of interruptions in the parts too
determine and that the result of such a check
is shown, whereby a destruction of both parts or another interruption in the .lagnetisbaren material ^{SL / N} 809816/0730 " ² " in the offered item can be determined which the Authenticity of the offered security object. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by / let when the two parts of untereil iedl.i are more of a coercive force in a real object, a quenching and a magnetizing field of different intensities, one in front of the other, is applied. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that when the Gleichrör ^ liqe. Part of the magnetizable material is expected to have a higher coercive force than the security material, a magnetizing field is deposited in order to first magnetize the entire magnetizable material Residual magnetization only applied to the part of the higher coercive force. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a real Sicherheitsyenstand the layer with uniform KemanenzcharakteriL. tics. 5. The method according to claim Ϊ, characterized in that when the uniform part of the magnetizable material of <jorin jerer Koerzitivkrdf t al «; the security material is expected, a deleting field is first created 809816/0730 to erase the entire magnetization of the magnetizable material, and that a marginalizing field is then applied, the intensity of which is less than that which is applied to produce a residual magnetization only of the part with lower coercive force. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when a real body of security material has a permanent structure of changes in magnetic property, a magnetizing field is applied to magnetize the magnetizable security material and thus a pattern of residual magnetization in accordance with the structure that the pattern is established, that the edge fields are estimated in conditions of the pattern, and that an object is indicated as genuine only if the edge fields do not occur within a noticeable part of the pattern. 7. A method for checking a security document, which is expected to contain a security material layer made of magnetizable material, which has a permanent structure of a magnetic property ⁴ - and an overlying cover layer of higher coercive force, characterized in that a magnetic field in a test step is applied to eim; To erase magnetization in the security material layer and leave a residual magnetization in the top layer that the top layer can be read wildly to reflect changes in the 809816/0730 - 4 - -A- detect the magnetic field at the edges of the top layer, and that in a further step a magnetic field is applied in order to magnetize the security material layer and displaying the permanent structure as a pattern of residual magnetization by reading the pattern, and that the pattern and the fringe magnetic fields are compared to determine whether or not an element of the Pattern is derived from the presence of a gap in the security material layer. 8. Sicherheitssystc n is at least c; inen portable security article, characterized in that the security item consists at least in part, by a body of magnetisable security material, that at least one inspection device is provided for testing an offered, containing the security material subject to the presence of an expected magnetic property is to determine and indicate whether such an item is genuine or not, the body made of security material having two parts made of magnetizable! Material arranged so that a destruction causing a break in one part will also interrupt the other of the two parts, the first of the parts having a uniform magnetic character, and the testing device having means for detecting edges of residual magnetized areas of the first part and thus of the edges of scratches that destroy both parts, through which destruction or other interruptions in the magnetizable material, 809816/0730 the authenticity of the specified object and the security of the system can be determined. 9. Security system according to claim 8, characterized / that the security object is a security document in the form of a card, printed paper or a book that the security material has a layer of maynetisable material which has a permanent structure of a magnetic property has, as well as a layer of magnetizable material of uniform magnetic remanence, the layers being of different coercive force and being arranged one above the other in the document. 10. Security system according to claim 8, characterized in that the test device comprises means for receiving an item offered and for transporting it for testing, that means are provided to determine the expected magnetic property as a magnetization pattern, that means are provided to the detected magnetic To compare egg shaft patterns and the determined edges, and that means are provided for marking the object as genuine only if the determined edges do not occur in accordance with the determined pattern. 11. Security object of a carrier of a sheet of card, paper, plastic or the like material, characterized by two layers of magnetizable material which at least partially overlap, one layer 809816/0730 -6- one permanent structure has a change in one magnetic property of the material while the other Layer is uniform and has a higher coercive force than the material of one layer, the layers are overlapped in such a way that both are influenced by destruction which one of them experiences in the area of overlap, such destruction being detectable by an interruption of the uniform layer. 809816/0730 - ι -