DE19728319A1 - Respirator with electromagnetically regulated breathing gas, e.g. oxygen - Google Patents

Respirator with electromagnetically regulated breathing gas, e.g. oxygen

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Publication number
DE19728319A1
DE19728319A1 DE1997128319 DE19728319A DE19728319A1 DE 19728319 A1 DE19728319 A1 DE 19728319A1 DE 1997128319 DE1997128319 DE 1997128319 DE 19728319 A DE19728319 A DE 19728319A DE 19728319 A1 DE19728319 A1 DE 19728319A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
breathing gas
breathing
pressure
generator
respiratory apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE1997128319
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German (de)
Inventor
Klaus Prof Dr Ing Affeld
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE1997128319 priority Critical patent/DE19728319A1/en
Publication of DE19728319A1 publication Critical patent/DE19728319A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/006Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort with pumps for forced ventilation

Abstract

The respirator receives breathing gas, e.g. oxygen from a pressure vessel (1) at the mask (8). The pressure reduction results by a regulated braked prime mover, in the form of a compressed air motor or a turbine, which drives a generator or itself acts as a generator, so that the pressure energy produced can be converted into electrical power. The electrical power obtained can be used for regulating the breathing gas supply and can be stored in capacitors or batteries. The prime mover can be braked by the generator, which is controlled by electrical regulation with an application of load.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Atemapparat, bei dem die Atemgaszufuhr durch das Abbremsen einer Kraftmaschine in der Art eines Preßluftmotors oder einer Turbine gesteuert wird. Der Preßluftmotor oder die Turbine treiben weiterhin einen Generator an, der aus der Druckenergie des Atemgases die elektrische Energie für die Regelung gewinnt.The invention relates to a breathing apparatus in which the supply of breathing gas through the Decelerating an engine in the manner of a compressed air motor or a turbine is controlled. The air motor or turbine continues to drive you Generator on, the electrical energy from the pressure energy of the breathing gas wins for the scheme.

Ein Atemapparat hat die Aufgabe, die Atemgaszufuhr nach dem Bedarf des Nutzers zu regeln. Derartige Atemapparate werden benötigt, wenn Menschen in einer Umgebung arbeiten müssen, wo die Umgebungsluft zuwenig Sauerstoff enthält oder mit schädlichen Gasen angereichert ist. Das Atemgas wird gewöhnlich in Druckflaschen gespeichert und durch den Atemapparat für eine physiologische Atmung geregelt. Auf diese Weise ist eine von der Umgebungsluft unabhängige Atmung möglich. Das Atemgas in den Druckflaschen wird durch einen Druckminderer auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt, der jedoch noch deutlich über dem Umgebungsdruck liegt. Durch ein Ventil, das durch die Atemaktionen des Nutzers gesteuert wird, wird dann das Atemgas auf einen Druck entspannt, der der physiologischen Atmung entspricht.A breathing apparatus has the task of supplying breathing gas according to the needs of the To regulate users. Such breathing apparatus is needed when people in work in an environment where the ambient air is under oxygen contains or is enriched with harmful gases. The breathing gas will usually stored in pressure bottles and through the breathing apparatus for one regulated physiological breathing. This is one of the ambient air independent breathing possible. The breathing gas in the pressure bottles is through a pressure regulator relaxes to a medium pressure, which is still is significantly above the ambient pressure. Through a valve that through the Breathing actions of the user is controlled, the breathing gas is then at a pressure relaxed, which corresponds to physiological breathing.

Die Steuerung der Atemgaszufuhr erfolgt gewöhnlich durch ein Ventil, das aktiviert wird, wenn der Nutzer durch das Einatmen in seiner Maske einen Unterdruck erzeugt. Da das Atemgas aber noch unter einem Druck steht, der relativ zum Atmosphärendruck hoch ist, treten am Ventil große Kräfte auf, die, wenn nicht richtig gedämpft, zu Schwingungen führen. Diese Schwingungen sind für den Nutzer unangenehm. Die Dämpfung der Schwingungen unter allen Betriebsbedingungen ist aber schwierig, weil durch die Entspannung des Atemgases große Temperaturdifferenzen auftreten, die die Viskosität von Dämpfungsfluiden stark verändert.The breathing gas supply is usually controlled by a valve that activates becomes when the user inhales in his mask a negative pressure generated. However, since the breathing gas is still under a pressure that is relative to Atmospheric pressure is high, large forces occur at the valve, which if not properly damped, lead to vibrations. These vibrations are for the User uncomfortable. The damping of vibrations among all Operating conditions is difficult, however, because of the relaxation of the Breathing gas large temperature differences occur that affect the viscosity of Damping fluids changed significantly.

Weiterhin sind Atemapparate bekannt, bei denen die oben angeführten Schwierigkeiten durch eine elektronische Messung des Druckes in der Atemmaske und eine nachfolgende Regelung des Atemstromes durch elektromagnetische Ventile überwunden werden sollen. Hierbei tritt das Problem auf, daß der Einsatz des Atemapparats zeitlich nicht vorhergesehen werden kann, jedoch die Einsatzbereitschaft und damit die die elektrische Energieversorgung zu jeder Zeit gesichert sein muß. Im Prinzip ist eine Energieversorgung durch elektrochemische Batterien möglich. Da aber der Einsatz der Atemapparate nicht planbar ist und damit eine Vorbereitungszeit entfällt, muß der Ladezustand der Batterien ständig kontrolliert werden. Dies ist aber mit Kosten und der Wahrscheinlichkeit von Fehlern verbunden. Respiratory apparatuses are also known, in which the above-mentioned ones Difficulties with an electronic measurement of the pressure in the Breathing mask and a subsequent regulation of the respiratory flow electromagnetic valves are to be overcome. This is where the problem occurs that the use of the breathing apparatus cannot be predicted in time, however, the operational readiness and thus the electrical energy supply must be secured at all times. In principle, an energy supply is through electrochemical batteries possible. But since the use of the breathing apparatus is not can be planned and therefore no preparation time is required, the charge level of the Batteries are constantly checked. But this is with costs and the Probability associated with errors.  

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die oben erwähnten Nachteile der bisherigen Lösungen zu vermeiden und die Aufgabe auf technisch bessere Weise zu lösen.The invention has for its object the disadvantages mentioned above to avoid previous solutions and the task in a technically better way to solve.

Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß bei der Entspannung des Atemgases elektrische Energie gewonnen wird, die für eine elektrische Regelung des Atemgasstroms genutzt wird. Die Drosselung des Atemgasstroms wird dadurch erreicht, daß eine Kraftmaschine in der Art eines Preßluftmotors oder einer Turbine sich in der Atemgasleitung befindet und vom Atemgas angetrieben wird und so mit einem Generator gekoppelt elektrische Energie erzeugen kann. Gleichzeitig wirkt aber diese Kraftmaschine als Atemstrombegrenzer, weil sie entsprechend abgebremst wird, also in ihrer Drehung behindert oder ganz gestoppt wird und dann kein oder nur unwesentlich Atemgas passieren läßt.This is achieved in that when the breathing gas relaxes electrical energy is obtained for electrical regulation of the Breathing gas flow is used. The throttling of the breathing gas flow is thereby achieved that an engine in the manner of a compressed air motor or a turbine is in the breathing gas line and is driven by the breathing gas and so with coupled to a generator can generate electrical energy. Works at the same time but this force machine as a respiratory flow limiter because it is appropriate is braked, that is to say is hindered in its rotation or stopped entirely and then no or only insignificant breathing gas can pass.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß die Vorteile einer elektronischen Regelung des Atemgasstroms erreicht werden, ohne daß wartungsfordernde Batterien benötigt werden. Das System kann somit so gestaltet werden, daß es jederzeit einsatzbereit ist.The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that the Advantages of electronic regulation of the breathing gas flow can be achieved without that batteries requiring maintenance are required. The system can do this be designed so that it is always ready for use.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Atemapparats. Das in der Druckflasche 1 gespeicherte Atemgas wird durch den Druckminderer 2 entspannt und tritt nach der Passage eines Absperrventils 3 in die Kraftmaschine 4 ein, die hier in der Form einer Kapselpumpe realisiert ist. Es kann aber auch jede andere Form eines Preßluftmotors oder einer Turbine realisiert werden. Die Kraftmaschine 4 ist mechanisch direkt mit dem Generator 5 verbunden. Auch kann eine elektrisch aktivierbare Bremse 6 direkt angekoppelt sein. In der Kraftmaschine 4 wird das Atemgas entspannt und tritt dann durch die Leitung 7 in die Maske 8 ein. Dort wird der Druck mit dem Druckmeßaufnehmer 9 gemessen und als elektrisches Signal zur elektronischen Schaltung 10 weitergeleitet. Diese enthält aufladbare Batterien oder elektrische Kondensatoren für die Kurzzeitspeicherung von elektrischer Energie. Durch einen dort ebenfalls befindlichen Regler wird das Signal mit dem Sollwert verglichen und es wird der Generator 5 mit einer elektrischen Last beaufschlagt oder es wird die Bremse 6 so aktiviert, daß die Zufuhr des Atemgases dem Bedarf des Nutzers entspricht. Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a respiratory system according to the invention. The breathing gas stored in the pressure bottle 1 is expanded by the pressure reducer 2 and, after the passage of a shut-off valve 3, enters the engine 4 , which is realized here in the form of a capsule pump. However, any other form of compressed air motor or turbine can also be implemented. The engine 4 is mechanically connected directly to the generator 5 . An electrically activatable brake 6 can also be coupled directly. The breathing gas is expanded in the engine 4 and then enters the mask 8 through the line 7 . There, the pressure is measured with the pressure transducer 9 and passed on to the electronic circuit 10 as an electrical signal. This contains rechargeable batteries or electrical capacitors for the short-term storage of electrical energy. The signal is compared with the desired value by a controller which is also located there, and an electrical load is applied to the generator 5 or the brake 6 is activated so that the supply of breathing gas corresponds to the needs of the user.

Claims (8)

1. Atemapparat zur atemgeregelten Zufuhr von Atemgas aus einem Druckbehälter zu der Atemmaske dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckminderung durch eine geregelt gebremste Kraftmaschine in der Form eines Preßluftmotors oder einer Turbine erfolgt, die weiterhin einen Generator antreibt oder selbst als Generator wirkt und so die Druckenergie in elektrische Energie wandelt.1. Breathing apparatus for breathing-controlled supply of breathing gas from a pressure vessel to the breathing mask, characterized in that the pressure is reduced by a controlled braked engine in the form of a compressed air motor or a turbine, which continues to drive a generator or itself acts as a generator and so the pressure energy in electrical energy converts. 2. Atemapparat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gewonnene elektrische Energie für die Regelung der Atemgaszufuhr verwendet wird.2. Respiratory apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the obtained electrical energy is used to regulate the breathing gas supply. 3. Atemapparat nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der voran stehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gewonnene elektrische Energie in elektrochemischen Batterien gespeichert wird.3. Respiratory apparatus according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical energy obtained in electrochemical batteries is stored. 4. Atemapparat nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der voran stehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die so gewonnene elektrische Energie in elektrischen Kondensatoren gespeichert wird.4. Respiratory apparatus according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical energy thus obtained in electrical capacitors is stored. 5. Atemapparat nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der voran stehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kraftmaschine durch den Generator abgebremst wird, der durch eine elektrische Regelung gesteuert mit einer Last beaufschlagt wird.5. Respiratory apparatus according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engine is braked by the generator is controlled by an electrical control with a load becomes. 6. Atemapparat nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der voran stehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kraftmaschine durch eine elektrisch aktivierbare und regelbare Bremse abgebremst wird.6. Respiratory apparatus according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engine by an electrically activated and adjustable brake is braked. 7. Atemapparat nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der voran stehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druck in der Atemmaske mit einem elektrischen Druckmeßwandler gemessen und für die Regelung der Atemgaszufuhr verwendet wird.7. Respiratory apparatus according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure in the breathing mask with an electrical Pressure transducer measured and used for regulating the breathing gas supply becomes. 8. Atemapparat nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der voran stehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Energie für einen Wärmetauscher genutzt wird, um eine Anwärmung des Atemgases zu erreichen und sich so einer isothermen Entspannung anzunähern.8. Respiratory apparatus according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical energy for a heat exchanger is used to warm up the breathing gas and thus one to approximate isothermal relaxation.
DE1997128319 1997-06-27 1997-06-27 Respirator with electromagnetically regulated breathing gas, e.g. oxygen Ceased DE19728319A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997128319 DE19728319A1 (en) 1997-06-27 1997-06-27 Respirator with electromagnetically regulated breathing gas, e.g. oxygen

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997128319 DE19728319A1 (en) 1997-06-27 1997-06-27 Respirator with electromagnetically regulated breathing gas, e.g. oxygen

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DE19728319A1 true DE19728319A1 (en) 1999-01-07

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10007865A1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-09-13 Felch Florian Electrical energy generation system uses gas released from pressurized gas capsule for driving electromechanical turbine/generator stage
WO2005099825A1 (en) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-27 Mine Safety Appliances Company Devices, systems and methods for generating electricity from gases stored in containers under pressure
EP1674666A1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-06-28 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Power supply, electric device, and method of retrofitting an installation
GB2423355A (en) * 2004-11-24 2006-08-23 Bernard Ramsay Bligh Apparatus for providing breathing gas
EP1959253A2 (en) 1996-03-15 2008-08-20 Mine Safety Appliances Company Electrochemical sensor
WO2010015360A2 (en) 2008-08-02 2010-02-11 Dae Systems Gmbh Method and device for controlling the pressure and / or flow rate of fluid
WO2016156594A1 (en) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Oxygen supply device, oxygen supply system and method of oxygen supply

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT113710B (en) * 1926-01-22 1929-07-10 David Rutherford Ross Freely portable breathing device.
GB469172A (en) * 1935-11-12 1937-07-12 Carl Von Hoff Improvements in or relating to respiratory appliances
DE1260984B (en) * 1965-01-12 1968-02-08 Medizintechnik Leipzig Veb Air heater for pressure hose breathing apparatus
DE4040793A1 (en) * 1990-12-15 1992-06-17 Ulrich Gumpert Electronically regulated iron lung - has pressure sensor supplying signals to electronic regulator controlling auxiliary valve of servo valve

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT113710B (en) * 1926-01-22 1929-07-10 David Rutherford Ross Freely portable breathing device.
GB469172A (en) * 1935-11-12 1937-07-12 Carl Von Hoff Improvements in or relating to respiratory appliances
DE1260984B (en) * 1965-01-12 1968-02-08 Medizintechnik Leipzig Veb Air heater for pressure hose breathing apparatus
DE4040793A1 (en) * 1990-12-15 1992-06-17 Ulrich Gumpert Electronically regulated iron lung - has pressure sensor supplying signals to electronic regulator controlling auxiliary valve of servo valve

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1959253A2 (en) 1996-03-15 2008-08-20 Mine Safety Appliances Company Electrochemical sensor
DE10007865A1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-09-13 Felch Florian Electrical energy generation system uses gas released from pressurized gas capsule for driving electromechanical turbine/generator stage
WO2005099825A1 (en) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-27 Mine Safety Appliances Company Devices, systems and methods for generating electricity from gases stored in containers under pressure
CN1933874B (en) * 2004-04-05 2012-02-01 矿井安全装置公司 Devices, systems and methods for generating electricity from gases stored in containers under pressure
US7218009B2 (en) 2004-04-05 2007-05-15 Mine Safety Appliances Company Devices, systems and methods for generating electricity from gases stored in containers under pressure
GB2423355B (en) * 2004-11-24 2010-02-24 Bernard Ramsay Bligh An apparatus and process for providing breathing gas
GB2423355A (en) * 2004-11-24 2006-08-23 Bernard Ramsay Bligh Apparatus for providing breathing gas
EP1674666A1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-06-28 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Power supply, electric device, and method of retrofitting an installation
WO2010015360A2 (en) 2008-08-02 2010-02-11 Dae Systems Gmbh Method and device for controlling the pressure and / or flow rate of fluid
DE102008036215A1 (en) * 2008-08-02 2010-02-11 Dae Systems Gmbh Method and device for controlling the pressure and / or volume flow of a fluid
WO2010015360A3 (en) * 2008-08-02 2010-07-29 Dae Systems Gmbh Method and device for controlling the pressure and / or flow rate of fluid
DE102008036215B4 (en) * 2008-08-02 2010-09-02 Dae Systems Gmbh Device for controlling the pressure and / or volume flow of a fluid
CN102119371A (en) * 2008-08-02 2011-07-06 B/E航空系统有限公司 Method and device for controlling the pressure and / or flow rate of fluid
JP2011530122A (en) * 2008-08-02 2011-12-15 ベー/エー エアロスペース システムズ ゲー.エム.ベー.ハー. Method and apparatus for controlling fluid pressure and / or flow
RU2487390C2 (en) * 2008-08-02 2013-07-10 Б/Е Аэроспейс Системз Гмбх Method and device for control of fluid pressure and/or volumetric flow rate
CN102119371B (en) * 2008-08-02 2013-10-09 B/E航空系统有限公司 Method and device for controlling the pressure and / or flow rate of fluid
US8944096B2 (en) 2008-08-02 2015-02-03 B/E Aerospace Systems Gmbh Method and device for controlling the pressure and/or flow rate of fluid
WO2016156594A1 (en) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Oxygen supply device, oxygen supply system and method of oxygen supply

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