DE102004047314A1 - Actuator motor drive for a door or flap of a motor vehicle has force- fitting input and output shafts that are automatically separated when the torque applied exceeds a threshold amount - Google Patents

Abstract

Pivoting or turning drive for a door of flap of a motor vehicle has an electric motor and input and output shafts that are connected via a coupling and gearbox. The input and output shafts have a common axis, and in a drive position form a force fit with each other. If a defined torque is exceeded, the binding force of the force fit is exceeded and the two shafts are twisted apart into a released position.

Description

The The invention relates to a drive for pivoting a door or flap a motor vehicle with an electric motor, through the drive shaft via a Input shaft and an output shaft of a clutch and a transmission the door or Flap is pivotally drivable about a pivot axis, wherein the Rotary movement of the drive shaft is braked by a brake, the in the case of rotary drive of the drive shaft by the electric motor is solvable.

at Such drives a flap movement is carried out by an electric motor, while during the flap movement the brake open and at a rest position the flap is closed. This leaves the flap in the electric motor approached position, without any further energization of the electric motor he follows. The approached position can be an end position as well be any intermediate position.

task The invention is a drive of the type mentioned above create, with a simple and only small space-requiring structure both an electromotive and manual opening and / or Shut down the door or flap allows with manual operation as well when the brake is closed requires no increased operating force.

These Task is inventively characterized solved, that the input shaft of the clutch and the output shaft of the clutch, which have a common axis of rotation, in a drive position force fit interconnected and when exceeded a certain torque while overcoming the frictional connection can be rotated relative to one another from the drive position, causing the clutch in a release position is movable drivable.

By This training is done by mechanical load on the door or flap an opening of the Clutch and thus a separation of the electric motor to the door or flap leading Drive train. A closed brake due to their non-energization hinders manual operation the door or not flap. This is also the case when the brake is not energized due to a defect, a manual opening or closing of the Door or Flap possible.

There the crossing of the specific torque not only by a manual operation of the Door or Flap but also by an obstacle in electric motor drive can be generated, a release of the clutch is also in such Case, so that the drive also has an overload protection.

There the braking force of the brake for manual operation of the door or flap can not be overcome must, the brake can be a high braking force with great tolerance have, so that they can be simple and inexpensive.

The Brake can be an electrically actuated brake be. Another possibility is that the brake is a mechanically operated Brake is dependent whether a drive is from the engine or from the flap, includes or opens. An embodiment this is a wrap spring brake or even a self-locking gear in the transmission.

He follows by a sensor with z. B. a Hall sensor, an electrical Switch or other signal generator detection of a relative rotation the separated by the coupling parts of the drive train, so can the signal of the sensor as a drive signal for the electric motor used to trigger an electromotive operation.

A free manual operation can only in one direction of movement, in particular in the closing direction, the door or flap but also be provided in both directions of movement.

The only mechanically actuated Coupling can be upstream or downstream of the gearbox or be integrated in the transmission.

Also is the arrangement of the electrically openable brake selectable. she can on the side facing the clutch of the electric motor, but also arranged on the side facing away from the coupling of the electric motor be when a stub shaft of the drive shaft of the electric motor protrudes on the side facing away from the coupling of the electric motor.

is The gearbox is a planetary gear, so not only will a space-saving Construction, but also a favorable Reduction achieved.

extends the axis of rotation is coaxial with the pivot axis of the door or flap, the drive can be arranged to save space.

An advantageous embodiment is that the coupling coaxial with each other with the input shaft rotatably connected input coupling piece, a rotatably with the output shaft ver Bound output coupling piece and a coupling intermediate piece, wherein the coupling intermediate piece in the drive position positively connected to the output clutch and overcoming the frictional connection by a certain angle of rotation relative to the output coupling piece is rotatable and that the input coupling piece via a coupling element is positively connected to the intermediate coupling piece, wherein the coupling element through a release device of the intermediate coupling piece in the release position of the clutch is movable driven.

In simple way is the positive connection between the Output coupler and the coupling adapter achieved in that the output coupling piece and coupling adapter in one Radial distance to its axis of rotation facing each one Having coupling element, wherein the coupling elements radially adjacent are arranged and the same width in the radial direction own, and by a voltage applied in the radial direction with bias voltage Spring are held in radial alignment with each other.

there needed the spring only small space, if it is a leg spring, the directed with a leg arm to the in a radial direction of rotation Side of the coupling elements with bias in plant is.

is the leg spring with a first leg on the one in a first Radial direction of rotation directed sides of the coupling elements and with a second leg arm in the second radial direction of rotation directed sides of the coupling elements with bias in plant, so is a non-positive Connection both in the opening direction as also in the closing direction the door or flap reached.

Corresponding the desired one to be crossed Torque, the leg spring may have one or more turns, and their approximately radially directed ends form the leg arms, wherein For easy positioning and easy installation, the output coupler and the A hitch adapter have an axially extending dome, of the turns of the Leg spring is enclosed with game.

to positive Connectability of the input coupling piece with the coupling adapter can in a simple way, a parallel to the axis of rotation of the input shaft Swivel axle pivotally mounted clutch lever at a distance to the pivot axis have a drive cam which radially into a corresponding coupling recess is engageable, wherein the clutch lever at the input coupler and the coupling recess disposed on the coupling intermediate piece is and wherein the clutch lever against a spring force of the release device herausbewegbar in Auskuppelrichtung from the coupling recess is.

One Solve the positive Connection is achieved by the fact that the clutch lever from a pivotable about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation Decoupling rocker can be beaufschagbar in Auskuppelrichtung.

has the decoupling rocker a Auskoppelzahnrad or decoupling tooth segment, that with a coaxial with the axis of rotation drive gear or drive tooth segment combs, the drive gear or drive tooth segment being fixed to the output coupler and the decoupling gear or Auskoppelzahnsegment on the coupling piece to the Axis is arranged pivotally, so there is a decoupling the clutch lever by the relative rotation of output coupling piece and coupling adapter.

to Decoupling both in opening as well as in the closing direction the door or flap, the Auskoppelwippe a first rocker arm and a second Have rocker arm, of which depending on the direction of rotation of the clutch lever in Auskuppelrichtung can be acted upon.

is the clutch lever is acted upon by a tilt spring such that the clutch lever at one of the coupling recess radially closer pivot position in the direction of engagement and in one of the coupling recess radially more distant position in the disengagement direction spring loaded, so the clutch lever is always safe in his each occupied end position held.

is the clutch is released and the drive cam except Engaging the coupling recess, can alone by starting the electromotive drive an automatic movement of the Mitnehmerockens into the coupling recess, when the clutch lever at a rotary drive of the input shaft from its the Kupplungsausnehmung radially more distant position by a fixed ramp radially towards the axis of rotation, the tipping point of the tipping over the border, is movable.

To can easily the clutch lever by a to the axis of rotation concentric, circular Abstützbahn be enclosed at the clutch lever in its the coupling recess radially more distant position is supported, wherein the support track the having radially inwardly directed ramp.

has while the ramp in the circumferential direction of the support track a roof-like cross-section, a coupling takes place independently from the direction of rotation.

Around can increase the radial travel the clutch lever has a radially outwardly directed Einkoppelnocken own, with whom he is at the Abstützbahn supportable is.

is the coupling recess gap-like radially projecting inwards in a completely or partially radially encircling, to the axis of rotation concentric support track formed, on which the drive cam in by the tilt spring radially can be supported inwardly loaded clutch lever, so the drive cam slides after a pivoting of the coupling lever in the direction of engagement radially inward on the support track along until it to the Coupling recess passes and snaps into it. This is for re-engagement, only a maximum of one revolution of the input coupling is required.

It It is understood that the clutch does not work with a radial to close must be formed inwardly pivoting clutch lever but instead with a radially outwardly pivoting clutch lever may be formed, in which case also cooperating with the clutch lever Components are constructed inversely.

One embodiment The invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in the following near. Show it

1 a drive in cross section

2 a side view of the coupling of the drive to 1

3 the clutch after 2 with the symbolically represented further components of the drive

4 the clutch after 2 in exploded view

5 an end view of the coupling after 2 on the output coupling in the Einkuppelstellung

6 an end view of the coupling after 2 on the output coupling in the disengaging position

7 a view along the line VII-VII in 2 in coupling position

8th a view along the line VII-VII in 2 in decoupling position

9 a view along the line IX-IX in 1 ,

The illustrated drive has a fixed housing 3 on and consists of an electric motor 1 with a drive shaft 2 on a brake 4 is arranged, which is solved when energized. Is the brake 4 not solved, it blocks the rotational movement of the drive shaft 2 ,

For control and voltage supply of both the brake 4 as well as the electric motor 1 is in a side chamber 5 of the housing 3 a control electronics 6 arranged, with the power supply itself via a plug connection 10 he follows.

The brake 4 is a clutch 7 downstream, whose input shaft 8th through the drive shaft 2 is formed.

The to the input shaft 8th coaxial output shaft 9 the clutch 7 drives via a planetary gear 11 a drive axle 12 for pivoting a door or flap, not shown. Preferably, the axis of rotation corresponds to the drive axis 12 the pivot axis about which the door or flap is pivotable.

With the input shaft 8th the clutch 7 is rotatably an input coupling piece 13 connected and with the output shaft 9 the clutch 7 is non-rotatably an output coupler 14 connected, with input shaft 8th and output shaft 9 around a common axis of rotation 16 are rotatable.

Between the input coupler 13 and the output coupler 14 there is a coupling adapter 15 ,

The output coupler 14 and the coupling adapter 15 each at a radial distance from the axis of rotation 16 a coupling element 17 and 18 which extend facing each other and are arranged radially next to one another. In the radial direction they have the same width.

On one to the coupling adapter 15 directed axially to the axis of rotation 16 extending dome 19 of the output coupling 14 is a thigh spring 20 with their turns 21 arranged, whose ends are leg arms 22 and 23 form, of which one leg 22 at the sides directed in the one direction of the Kop pelelemente 17 and 18 and the other leg arm 23 at the directed in the other direction of rotation sides of the coupling elements 17 and 18 with bias in plant and the two coupling elements 17 and 18 frictionally hold in radial alignment with each other.

Coaxial to the axis of rotation 16 stands for the intermediate coupling piece 15 towards a drive tooth segment 24 of the output coupling 14 also with a coaxial with the axis of rotation 16 at the coupling adapter 15 one to the axis of rotation 16 parallel axis 26 pivotally arranged Auskoppelzahnsegment 25 combs. The decoupling tooth segment 25 is part of a decoupler 27 with two diametrically opposed rocker arms 28 and 29 ,

At the input coupler 13 is a clutch lever 30 one to the axis of rotation 16 parallel pivot axis 31 stored, which is at a distance from the pivot axis 31 a radially inwardly directed driving cam 32 has. By radial pivoting inward of the drive cam 31 in a corresponding coupling recess 33 intervene as a gap in a radially encircling, to the axis of rotation 16 concentric support track 34 of the intermediate coupling piece 15 is trained.

On the clutch lever 30 is with its one end a tilt spring 35 arranged with its other end on the input coupler 13 is attached. The tilt spring 35 acts on the clutch lever 30 such that at one of the coupling recess 33 or the support track 34 radially closer pivotal position is a spring load radially inward in the direction of engagement, so that the driving cam 32 either engaged in the coupling recess 33 or in contact with the support track 34 is held.

In one of the coupling recesses 33 or the support track 34 remoter position of the clutch lever 30 this is in disengagement from the tipping spring 35 spring loaded radially outward.

The pivoting of the clutch lever 30 radially outward is through a housing fixed, the area of the clutch lever 30 enclosing, circular support track 36 limited, at the clutch lever 30 with a radially outwardly directed Einkoppelnocken arranged thereon 37 comes to the plant. The support track 36 has a radially inwardly and circumferentially directed ramp 38 roof-like cross section. Einkoppelnocken 37 and ramp 38 are dimensioned so that the previously to the support track 36 spring-loaded clutch lever 30 is pivoted so far radially inward, that the tipping point of the tilt spring 35 exceeded and the clutch lever 30 is now spring loaded radially inward.

In normal operation, the drive cam is seated 32 in the coupling recess 33 and the coupling elements 17 and 18 be through the thigh spring 20 held in radially aligned position.

With energization of the reversibly driven electric motor 1 drives this when the brake is open 4 via its drive shaft 2 , the closed clutch 7 and the planetary gear 11 the drive axle 12 and thus the door or flap to a pivoting movement.

If the door or flap is not energized electric motor 1 and also not energized and thus closed brake 4 swung manually, the force of the leg spring is by the application of force to the door or flap 20 overcome, as the input coupler 13 through the brake 4 is held against rotation. This leads to a relative rotation of the output coupling piece 14 to the input coupler 13 , This will also the drive tooth segment 24 relative to the decoupling tooth segment 25 moves and a rotary actuator of the decoupler 27 causes. This now pivots out of her in the 6 to 8th shown approximately tangential rest position and acted upon with one of their rocker arms 28 or 29 the clutch lever 30 so that it is pivoted radially outwards until it reaches the tipping point of the tilt spring 35 exceeds and of this resilient against the support track 36 is held in investment. This is also the driver cam 32 from the coupling recess 33 moved out, leaving the clutch 7 is solved.

The Door or Flap can now be swiveled freely.

At the next powering of the electric motor 1 and the brake 4 is the brake 4 opened and the electric motor 1 drives the input coupler 13 at. As a result, the Einkoppelnocken slides 37 the clutch lever 30 at the support track 36 along until he reaches the ramp 38 is reached and pivoted radially inward and the tipping point of the tilt spring 35 overcome as well as the clutch lever 30 is spring-loaded radially inward.

As a result, the driving cam engages 32 either directly into the coupling recess 33 or comes to the support track 34 to the plant. In this case comes the drive cam 32 during further rotation of the input coupling piece 13 in the region of the coupling recess 33 and then intervene in this.

Now it's the clutch again 7 closed and a normal electric motor drive the door or flap possible.

1

electric motor

2

drive shaft

3

casing

4

brake

5

secondary chamber

6

control electronics

?

clutch

8th

input shaft

9

output shaft

10

plug-in connection

11

planetary gear

12

drive axle

13

Inlet coupling

14

Output coupler

15

A hitch adapter

16

axis of rotation

17

coupling element

18

coupling element

19

cathedral

20

swiveling spring

21

turns

22

leg arm

23

leg arm

24

Drive gear segment

25

Auskoppelzahnsegment

26

axis

27

Auskoppelwippe

28

first rocker

29

second rocker

30

clutch lever

31

swivel axis

32

driver cams

33

coupling recess

34

support web

35

toggle spring

36

Abstützbahn

37

Einkoppelnocken

38

ramp

Claims (21)

Drive for pivoting a door or flap of a motor vehicle with an electric motor, through the drive shaft via an input shaft and an output shaft of a clutch and a gearbox, the door or flap about a pivot axis is driven in rotation, wherein the rotational movement of the drive shaft is braked by a brake, the is releasable by the electric motor during rotary drive of the drive shaft, characterized in that the input shaft ( 8th ) of the coupling ( 7 ) and the output shaft ( 9 ) of the coupling ( 7 ), which has a common axis of rotation ( 16 ), in a drive position positively connected to each other and are rotatable when exceeding a certain torque while overcoming the force shot from the drive position relative to each other, whereby the coupling ( 7 ) is drivable movable in a release position. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling ( 7 ) upstream or downstream of the transmission or integrated in the transmission. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake ( 4 ) on the clutch ( 7 ) facing side of the electric motor ( 1 ) or on the side facing away from the coupling of the electric motor is arranged. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission is a planetary gear ( 11 ). Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis of rotation ( 16 ) extends coaxially to the pivot axis of the door or flap. Drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling ( 7 ) coaxial with one another with the input shaft ( 8th ) rotatably connected input coupling piece ( 13 ), one with the output shaft ( 9 ) rotatably connected output coupling piece ( 14 ) and a coupling adapter ( 15 ), wherein the coupling intermediate piece ( 15 ) in the drive position frictionally with the output coupling piece ( 14 ) and overcoming the frictional connection by a certain angle of rotation relative to the output coupling piece ( 14 ) is rotatable and that the input coupling piece ( 13 ) via a coupling element form-fitting with the coupling intermediate piece ( 15 ) is connectable, wherein the coupling element by a release device of the coupling intermediate piece ( 15 ) in the release position of the coupling ( 7 ) is movable driven. Drive according to Claim 6, characterized in that the output coupling piece ( 14 ) and coupling adapter ( 15 ) at a radial distance to its axis of rotation ( 16 ) facing each other a coupling element ( 17 . 18 ), wherein the coupling elements ( 17 . 18 ) are arranged radially side by side and have the same width in the radially circumferential direction, and are held in radial alignment with each other by a voltage applied in the radially circumferential direction with bias spring. Drive according to claim 7, characterized in that the spring is a leg spring ( 20 ), with one leg ( 22 ) to those in a radia le direction directed sides of the coupling elements ( 17 . 18 ) is in pretension with bias. Drive according to claim 8, characterized in that the leg spring ( 20 ) with a first leg arm ( 22 ) on the sides directed in a first radial direction of rotation of the coupling elements ( 17 . 18 ) and with a second leg arm ( 23 ) the directed in the second radial direction of rotation sides of the coupling elements ( 17 . 18 ) is in pretension with bias. Drive according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the leg spring ( 20 ) one or more turns ( 21 ) and their approximately radially directed ends have the leg arms ( 22 . 23 ) form. Drive according to claim 10, characterized in that the output coupling piece ( 14 ) or the coupling intermediate piece an axially extending dome ( 19 ), of the turns ( 21 ) of the leg spring ( 20 ) is enclosed with game. Drive according to claim 6, characterized in that one around the axis of rotation ( 16 ) of the input shaft ( 8th ) parallel pivot axis ( 31 ) pivotally mounted clutch lever ( 30 ) at a distance to the pivot axis ( 31 ) a driver cam ( 32 ), which radially into a corresponding coupling recess ( 33 ) is engageable, wherein the clutch lever ( 30 ) on the input coupling piece ( 13 ) and the coupling recess ( 33 ) at the coupling intermediate piece ( 15 ) and wherein the clutch lever ( 30 ) against a spring force of the release device in Auskuppelrichtung from the coupling recess ( 33 ) is moved out. Drive according to claim 12, characterized in that the clutch lever ( 30 ) from one to one about the axis of rotation ( 16 ) parallel axis ( 26 ) pivotally driven Auskoppelwippe ( 27 ) is beaufschagbar in Auskuppelrichtung. Drive according to claim 13, characterized in that the Auskoppelwippe ( 27 ) a decoupling gear or Auskoppelzahnsegment ( 25 ), with one to the axis of rotation ( 16 ) coaxial drive gear or drive tooth segment ( 24 ), wherein the drive gear or drive tooth segment ( 24 ) on the output coupling piece ( 14 ) and the decoupling gear or Auskoppelzahnsegment ( 25 ) at the coupling intermediate piece ( 15 ) around the axis ( 26 ) is pivotally mounted. Drive according to one of claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the Auskoppelwippe ( 27 ) a first rocker arm ( 28 ) and a second rocker arm ( 29 ), of which depending on the direction of rotation of the clutch lever ( 30 ) can be acted upon in Auskuppelrichtung. Drive according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the clutch lever ( 30 ) of a tipping spring ( 35 ) is acted upon in such a way that the clutch lever ( 30 ) in one of the coupling recess ( 33 ) radially closer pivotal position in the direction of engagement and in one of the coupling recess ( 33 ) radially more distant position is spring-loaded in the disengaged direction. Drive according to claim 16, characterized in that the clutch lever ( 30 ) in a rotary drive of the input shaft ( 8th ) from its the coupling recess ( 33 ) radially more distant position by a fixed ramp ( 38 ) radially to the axis of rotation ( 16 ) towards the tipping point of the tipping spring ( 35 ) is movable over. Drive according to claim 17, characterized in that the clutch lever ( 30 ) through an axis of rotation ( 16 ) concentric, circular support track ( 36 ) is enclosed, at which the clutch lever ( 30 ) in its the coupling recess ( 33 ) radially more distant position is supported, wherein the support track ( 36 ) the radially inwardly directed ramp ( 38 ) having. Drive according to claim 18, characterized in that the ramp ( 38 ) in the circumferential direction of the support track ( 36 ) has a roof-like cross-section. Drive according to claim 19, characterized in that the clutch lever ( 30 ) a radially outwardly directed coupling cam ( 37 ), with which he at the Abstützbahn ( 36 ) is supportable. Drive according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the coupling recess ( 33 ) gap-like radially inwardly projecting in a completely or partially radially, to the axis of rotation ( 16 ) concentric support track ( 34 ) is formed, on which the driving cam ( 32 ) at the tipping spring ( 35 ) radially inwardly loaded clutch lever ( 30 ) is supportable.