CN1980088A - Upstream chain receiving method and apparatus in distribution antenna mobile communication system - Google Patents

Upstream chain receiving method and apparatus in distribution antenna mobile communication system Download PDF

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CN1980088A
CN1980088A CN 200510125619 CN200510125619A CN1980088A CN 1980088 A CN1980088 A CN 1980088A CN 200510125619 CN200510125619 CN 200510125619 CN 200510125619 A CN200510125619 A CN 200510125619A CN 1980088 A CN1980088 A CN 1980088A
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covariance matrix
matrix
data block
wireless access
access unit
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CN1980088B (en
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王炎
尤肖虎
张战
加山英俊
潘振岗
陈岚
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Como (beijing) Communication Technology Research Center Co
Southeast University
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Como (beijing) Communication Technology Research Center Co
Southeast University
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Abstract

The device includes at least two distributed type wireless access unit, at least two antennae contained in each wireless access unit. The device also includes following modules: covariance matrix calculation and character decomposion module is in use for calculating covariance matrix of baseband data corresponding to each distributed type wireless access unit, and carrying out character decomposion for the covariance matrix so as to obtain eigen vector matrix; projection value calculation module is in use for calculating projection value by using the covariance matrix and the eigen vector matrix; module for selecting eigen vector is in use for selecting eigen vector corresponding to large projection value of specific number; synthetical signal forming module is in use for carrying out weighting calculation for baseband data by using eigen vector as weighted vector so as to form a route of synthesized signal.

Description

Method for receiving uplink in a kind of distribution antenna mobile communication system and equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed antenna mobile communication method for receiving uplink, relate to a kind of mobile communication method for receiving uplink in general distribution antenna system (GDAS).
Background technology
Along with development of Communication Technique and people requirement, a kind ofly be applied based on MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) technology to high-speed data communication.In MIMO, a plurality of different data flow are launched from different antennas, and the many antennas of receiving terminal receive and these data of demodulation, thisly spectrum efficiency can be improved exponentially based on multiplexing space multi-access mode.But, the raising of three key factor restriction MIMO performances is arranged.The first, the signal that up link receives in the common mobile communication correlation of having living space.The second, the resource limit of future mobile communications frequency spectrum makes communication system be operated in higher frequency range, and the path loss of system is bigger, and is especially all the more so during greater than 3GHz at the carrier frequency of signal, is unfavorable for that mobile communication system comprises the design of mimo system; The 3rd, exist shadow fading in the mobile communication system, when portable terminal is in dark shadow fading district, make that the signal to noise ratio of mimo system is lower, the error rate of signal will greatly increase.
For the influence that overcomes path loss and shadow fading and allow the antenna for base station portable terminal of trying one's best, a kind of technology that is called distributing antenna system (DAS) begins to be applied.By several receiving and transmitting signals at spatial distribution and antenna separated by a distance are focused on, can obtain the effect of spatial reuse, grand diversity, micro diversity and the loss of low path.
In the general distribution antenna system, with reference to figure 1, each distributed wireless access unit (RAU) is located a plurality of aerial arrays that are made of antenna element, a plurality of distributed wireless access units place has the received signal of aerial array to be sent to transceiver base station by optical fiber or coaxial cable to focus on, wherein MT represents mobile radio station, but because the quantity of antenna is many, the data volume that handle the base station is very big, influence the hardware designs feasibility of base station equipment, the usage quantity of antenna causes the restriction that systematic function is promoted like this because the disposal ability of equipment also is restricted simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of eigen beam selective reception method and apparatus that is used for the general distribution antenna system, can reach the operand that the advantage that merges MIMO, smart antenna and DAS has reduced system simultaneously, improve processing speed, reduced the complexity of system requirements.In order to reach purpose of the present invention, adopt following technical scheme:
The invention provides the method for receiving uplink in a kind of mobile communication system, wherein this communication system comprises at least two distributed wireless access units, each distributed wireless access unit comprises at least two antennas, described method of reseptance comprises synthetic signal formation method, and described synthetic signal formation method comprises the steps:
1) calculating is corresponding to the covariance matrix of the base band data of each distributed wireless access unit;
2) described covariance matrix is carried out feature decomposition, obtain feature matrix;
3) utilize described covariance matrix and feature matrix to calculate projection value;
4) the big projection value characteristic of correspondence vector of selection and given number is as the weight vectors of synthetic signal formation;
5) utilize base band data and described weight vectors to form synthetic signal.
In described step 1) and step 2) between can also comprise that iteration upgrades the step of covariance matrix.
In described step 2) and step 3) between can also comprise the step of described feature matrix being stored and delaying time and utilizing.
Adopt formula R i ( k ) = 1 J Σ j = 1 J x i ( j , k ) x i ( j , k ) H Calculate described covariance matrix, wherein R i(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit i, the conjugate transpose of subscript H representing matrix or vector, x k data block i(j, k) expression distributed wireless access unit i is in the column vector output of j sample of k data block, and J calculates the needed sample number of current data block covariance matrix.
Adopt formula P ml ( k ) = u ml H ( k - 1 ) R m ( k ) u ml ( k - 1 ) Calculate described projection value, wherein P Ml(k) be the projection value of k data block output of m distributed wireless access unit base band data, u at the l column vector of the feature matrix of the iteration covariance matrix of k-1 data block Ml(k-l) be the l row characteristic vector of the iteration covariance matrix of corresponding k-1 data block, R m(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit m, the conjugate transpose of subscript H representing matrix or vector k data block.
Adopt formula R i(k)=(1-β i) R i(k-1)+β iR i(k) iteration is upgraded covariance matrix, wherein, and β iBe weight coefficient, R i(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit i k data block.
The present invention also provides a kind of wireless receiving system, and wherein this wireless receiving system comprises at least two distributed wireless access units, and each distributed wireless access unit comprises at least two antennas, and described wireless receiving system also comprises:
Covariance matrix calculates and the feature decomposition module, is used to calculate corresponding to the covariance matrix of the base band data of each distributed wireless access unit and described covariance matrix is carried out feature decomposition obtain feature matrix;
The projection value computing module utilizes described covariance matrix and described feature matrix to calculate projection value;
Select the characteristic vector module, select big projection value characteristic of correspondence vector with given number;
Synthetic signal forms module, will compute weighted to base band data as weight vectors at the characteristic vector that described selection characteristic vector module is selected and form synthetic signal.
Described covariance matrix calculating and feature decomposition module are carried out iteration to covariance matrix and are upgraded after having calculated the covariance matrix of current data block according to base band data.
Described covariance matrix calculates and the utilization of carrying out after the feature decomposition feature matrix that obtains stored and delay time of feature decomposition module.
By such scheme as can be known, the iteration of covariance matrix that the present invention includes the receiving array at each RAU place is upgraded, at first calculate average covariance matrix on the array output time of each RAU place current data block, the Covariance Matrix Weighting summation that calculates of covariance matrix that previous data block is calculated and current data block then, thus the iteration renewal of the covariance matrix at each RAU place finished.Because portable terminal becomes slowly to the direction in space angle of arrival and the angle spread of each RAU, so the renewal of the iteration of covariance matrix can be followed the tracks of time varying channel effectively.
The present invention also comprises the feature decomposition and the time-delay storage of covariance matrix of the receiving array at each RAU place.The covariance matrix that all RAU places are calculated carries out feature decomposition, and stores all characteristic vectors and characteristic value.These characteristic vectors are delayed time next data block to utilize, as the weight vectors of wave beam formation.Because the result of feature decomposition uses in next data block, so the real-time of calculating is required to have reduced.As a remarkable advantage of the present invention is that training sequence and data can be used for finding the solution the high-efficiency transfer that covariance matrix is beneficial to data.
The up link receiving baseband signal that the present invention is directed to the general distribution antenna system is handled and is proposed, it has been considered real-time that system realizes, has reduced the degree of freedom of system and taken into account the overall system performance requirement, improve wave beam and formed efficient, greatly reduce operand, reduce system complexity, can save equipment cost and increase capacity like this.
By below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other characteristics of the present invention, purpose and effect will become clear more and easy to understand.
Description of drawings
Preferred implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the mobile communication system of application general distribution antenna system;
Fig. 2 forms the structure chart of system for the synthetic signal that is used for the general distribution antenna system among the present invention:
Fig. 3 calculates and feature decomposition module implementing procedure figure for the covariance matrix among the present invention;
Fig. 4 calculates and the ordering flow chart for projection value among the present invention;
In all above-mentioned accompanying drawings, identical label represents to have identical, similar or corresponding feature or function.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 3 has represented visually that with realization block diagram and mathematical formulae alternative manner calculates the process of covariance matrix and the decomposition of this matrix character.Enumerated 2 RAU (RAU1 and RAU2) in the present embodiment, each RAU has the example of 3 antennas or antenna submatrix.Travelling carriage has two transmitting antennas, the data that each antenna transmission is different.Launching a data block so has 100 samples on the time, each sample is made up of two unlike signal spatial reuses.Training sequence length has 2 samples, corresponding sample 1 and sample 2.98 remaining sample emission unknown message data, corresponding sample 3 is to sample 100.Certainly the present invention is not limited to the travelling carriage of above-mentioned situation, and any data that send for any travelling carriage all are fit to method of the present invention.
Implementing the first step of the present invention is to calculate covariance matrix and it is carried out feature decomposition with alternative manner.
At first base-band data stream is input in covariance matrix calculating and the feature decomposition module, this module is utilized computing formula R i ( k ) = 1 J Σ j = 1 J x i ( j , k ) x i ( j , k ) H Calculate the covariance matrix of current data block, R in the formula i(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit i k data block, the subscript H representing matrix of mathematic sign or the conjugate transpose of vector, in this example, X i(j, k) expression RAUi is in the column vector output of i sample of k data block, and when RAU1 was calculated, i=1, J calculated the needed sample number of current data block covariance matrix, and J equals 100 in this example.
Described the forming process of covariance matrix above, the iteration renewal process of covariance matrix has been described below.Covariance matrix is utilized formula R i(k)=(1-β i) R i(k-1)+β iR i(k) carry out iteration and upgrade, wherein weight coefficient β iValue be 0.1 or other numeral of determining as the case may be.
At last, the iteration covariance matrix of current data block is carried out feature decomposition, its formula is R i ( k ) = U i ( k ) Λ i ( k ) U i H ( k ) , U wherein i(k) be the feature matrix of the iteration covariance matrix of corresponding k data block, in this example, obtain 3 row characteristic vectors, every row characteristic vector has 3 elements.This 3 row characteristic vector is stored, and the next data block usefulness of delaying time certainly, is not delayed time characteristic vector and to be done real-time calculating and can utilize method of the present invention equally.
The calculation method of parameters of RAU2 is identical with the calculation method of parameters of RAU1.
Implementing second step of the present invention is that projection value calculates and ordering.This step is carried out in the projection value computing module, and wherein this projection value computing module receives by covariance matrix and calculates iteration covariance matrix and the feature matrix data thereof that calculate with the feature decomposition module, introduces detail calculation process below:
Realization block diagram and mathematic(al) representation that the projection value that Fig. 4 has provided has M RAU, each RAU that L antenna arranged calculates and sorts.Described projection value computing module adopts formula
P ml ( k ) = u ml H ( k - 1 ) R m ( k ) u ml ( k - 1 )
Calculate described projection value, wherein P Ml(k) be the projection value of k data block output of m distributed wireless access unit base band data, u at the l column vector of the feature matrix of the iteration covariance matrix of k-1 data block Ml(k-1) be the l row characteristic vector of the iteration covariance matrix of corresponding k-1 data block, R m(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit m, the conjugate transpose of subscript H representing matrix or vector.
The projection value that now all RAU is calculated concentrates in together, choose characteristic vector corresponding to the big projection value of top n, adopt the mode of ordering in the present embodiment, choose characteristic vector, also can not need first ordering corresponding to the big projection value of top n, directly relatively big or small, choose maximum one at every turn, choose maximumly then from remaining projection value again, carry out choosing for N time, N can be determined by concrete system complexity.
This step is finished the calculating of 6 projection values of two RAU in the present embodiment, and therefrom selects one or more maximum projection values and characteristic of correspondence vector.
The process of projection has been described above, the physical significance of explained later described projection once, in GDAS, the sense that each RAU receives spatially has certain angle spread and becomes slowly, so adjacent data block spatially has correlation.Therefore utilize RAU output base band data to project on the foregoing characteristic vector, the main signal characteristic of each antenna or antenna submatrix is extracted, system capacity loss is very little, has obtained array gain simultaneously.In addition, carry out projection value with the characteristic vector of delaying time and calculate, reduced rate request real-time operation.
The 3rd step of the present invention is that the signal that synthesizes forms.
In present embodiment,, therefore just form two synthetic signals if second step went out for example two weight vectors that characteristic vector forms as synthetic signal in previous data block selection.If we form a synthetic signal respectively just with RAU1, RAU2 is example, the process that synthetic signal forms is described.
At first, provide synthetic signal formation principle and the process of RAU1.Current data block first data on time samples, be that sample 1 forms the output of 3 roadbed band data at the RAU1 place, the the 1st, 2 and 3 base-band information data and the corresponding conjugation that goes up the 1st, 2 and 3 element of selecteed characteristic vector in the step of RAU1 multiply each other respectively, product addition then obtains the synthetic signal output of RAU1.Signal forming process that should be synthetic forms in the module at synthetic signal and finishes.RAU2 also uses with its synthetic signal output of quadrat method formation.All computing formula of above-mentioned employing all are well-known to those skilled in the art among the present invention.
Below our simple channel estimating and symbol demodulation of introducing after forming based on synthetic signal.
In channel estimating unit, the synthetic signal output of training sequence correspondence can be used for the MMSE method and estimate channel parameter after synthetic signal forms.In symbol detection, with continuous interference cancellation algorithm OSUC (OrderedSUC) and the maximal possibility estimation any algorithms such as (MLs) of described channel parameter in conjunction with the zero forcing algorithm (ZF) of classics, least mean-square error (MMSE), interference cancellation algorithm (SUC (Successive Cancellation)), ordering continuously, finish final symbol detection, isolate multiplexing transmitting, so just finished the information symbol demodulating process, the method for above-mentioned channel estimating and symbol demodulation is the scheme that adopts usually in the prior art.
Synthetic signal selective reception technology based on distributing antenna system of the present invention all is used with existing whole reception antennas to be compared, and has reduced operand.Especially when the number of antennas of the number of RAU and each spaced antenna access unit RAU increased, operand can be saved manyfold.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. the method for receiving uplink in the mobile communication system, wherein this mobile communication system comprises at least two distributed wireless access units, each distributed wireless access unit comprises at least two antennas, described method of reseptance comprises synthetic signal formation method, it is characterized in that described synthetic signal formation method comprises the steps:
1) calculating is corresponding to the covariance matrix of the base band data of each distributed wireless access unit;
2) described covariance matrix is carried out feature decomposition, obtain feature matrix;
3) utilize described covariance matrix and feature matrix to calculate projection value;
4) the big projection value characteristic of correspondence vector of selection and given number is as the weight vectors of one tunnel signal formation of synthesizing;
5) utilize base band data and described weight vectors to form one tunnel synthetic signal.
2. the method for receiving uplink in the mobile communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step 1) and step 2) between comprise that also iteration upgrades the step of covariance matrix.
3. the method for receiving uplink in the mobile communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step 2) and step 3) between also comprise the step of described feature matrix being stored and delaying time and utilizing.
4. the method for receiving uplink in the mobile communication system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in described step 2) and step 3) between also comprise the step of described feature matrix being stored and delaying time and utilizing.
5. according to the method for receiving uplink in each the mobile communication system in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, adopt formula R i ( k ) = 1 J Σ j = 1 J x i ( j , k ) x i ( j , k ) H Calculate described covariance matrix, wherein R i(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit i, the conjugate transpose of subscript H representing matrix or vector, x k data block i(j, k) expression distributed wireless access unit i is in the column vector output of j sample of k data block, and J calculates the needed sample number of current data block covariance matrix.
6. according to the method for receiving uplink in each the mobile communication system in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, adopt formula P ml ( k ) = u ml H ( k - 1 ) R m ( k ) u ml ( k - 1 ) Calculate described projection value, wherein P Ml(k) be the projection value of k data block output of m distributed wireless access unit base band data, u at the l column vector of the feature matrix of the iteration covariance matrix of k-1 data block Ml(k-1) be the l row characteristic vector of the iteration covariance matrix of corresponding k-1 data block, R m(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit m, the conjugate transpose of subscript H representing matrix or vector k data block.
7. the method for receiving uplink in the mobile communication system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, adopts formula R i(k)=(1-β i) R i(k-1)+β iR i(k) iteration is upgraded covariance matrix, wherein, and β iBe weight coefficient, R i(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit i k data block.
8. spaced antenna wireless receiving system, wherein this wireless receiving system comprises at least two distributed wireless access units, and each distributed wireless access unit comprises at least two antennas, it is characterized in that, and described wireless receiving system also comprises:
Covariance matrix calculates and the feature decomposition module, is used to calculate corresponding to the covariance matrix of the base band data of each distributed wireless access unit and described covariance matrix is carried out feature decomposition obtain feature matrix;
The projection value computing module utilizes described covariance matrix and described feature matrix to calculate projection value;
Select the characteristic vector module, select big projection value characteristic of correspondence vector with given number;
Synthetic signal forms module, will compute weighted to base band data as weight vectors at the characteristic vector that described selection characteristic vector module is selected and form synthetic signal.
9. spaced antenna wireless receiving system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described covariance matrix calculating and feature decomposition module are also carried out iteration to covariance matrix and are upgraded after having calculated the covariance matrix of current data block according to base band data.
10. spaced antenna wireless receiving system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described covariance matrix calculates with the feature decomposition module and carries out the utilization of also feature matrix that obtains being stored and delayed time after the feature decomposition.
11. spaced antenna wireless receiving system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described covariance matrix calculates with the feature decomposition module and carries out the utilization of also feature matrix that obtains being stored and delayed time after the feature decomposition.
12. each spaced antenna wireless receiving system in 11 is characterized in that according to Claim 8, described covariance matrix calculates with the feature decomposition module and adopts formula R i ( k ) = 1 J Σ j = 1 J x i ( j , k ) x i ( j , k ) H Calculate described covariance matrix, wherein R i(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit i, the conjugate transpose of subscript H representing matrix or vector, x k data block i(j, k) expression distributed wireless access unit i is in the column vector output of j sample of k data block, and J calculates the needed sample number of current data block covariance matrix.
13. each spaced antenna wireless receiving system in 11 is characterized in that according to Claim 8, described projection value computing module adopts formula P ml ( k ) = u ml H ( k - 1 ) R m ( k ) u ml ( k - 1 ) Calculate described projection value, wherein P Ml(k) be the projection value of k data block output of m distributed wireless access unit base band data, u at the l column vector of the feature matrix of the iteration covariance matrix of k-1 data block Ml(k-1) be the l row characteristic vector of the iteration covariance matrix of corresponding k-1 data block, R m(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit m, the conjugate transpose of subscript H representing matrix or vector k data block.
14. spaced antenna wireless receiving system according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described covariance matrix calculates with the feature decomposition module and adopts formula R i(k)=(1-β i) R i(k-1)+β iR i(k) iteration is upgraded covariance matrix, wherein, and β iBe weight coefficient, R i(k) be the covariance matrix of corresponding distributed wireless access unit i k data block.
CN2005101256196A 2005-11-30 2005-11-30 Upstream chain receiving method and apparatus in distribution antenna mobile communication system Expired - Fee Related CN1980088B (en)

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