CN1954507B - Radio-frequency tag communication device, radio-frequency tag communication system - Google Patents

Radio-frequency tag communication device, radio-frequency tag communication system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1954507B
CN1954507B CN2005800153434A CN200580015343A CN1954507B CN 1954507 B CN1954507 B CN 1954507B CN 2005800153434 A CN2005800153434 A CN 2005800153434A CN 200580015343 A CN200580015343 A CN 200580015343A CN 1954507 B CN1954507 B CN 1954507B
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China
Prior art keywords
radio
frequency
tag communication
communication device
signal
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CN2005800153434A
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CN1954507A (en
Inventor
永井拓也
清原裕二
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Brother Industries Ltd
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Brother Industries Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2004278715A external-priority patent/JP4239943B2/en
Application filed by Brother Industries Ltd filed Critical Brother Industries Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/JP2005/006794 external-priority patent/WO2005112288A1/en
Publication of CN1954507A publication Critical patent/CN1954507A/en
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Publication of CN1954507B publication Critical patent/CN1954507B/en
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Abstract

A radio tag communication device for widening a communication range as large as possible with a necessary and sufficient number of sets. The radio tag communication device includes a transmission control unit (40) for controlling the transmission of a transmission signal so that the communication range of a radio tag communication device (12) and the communication range of another radio tag communication device (12) may not overlap. It is, therefore, possible not only to make the distance between the plural radio tag communication devices (12) as long as possible but also to prevent a radio tag (14) properly from receiving the plural transmission signals simultaneously. Thus, it is possible to provide the radio tag communication device (12) for widening the communication range as large as possible with the necessary and sufficient number of sets.

Description

Radio-frequency tag communication device, radio-frequency tag communication system
Technical field
The present invention relates to include the radio-frequency tag communication system of radio-frequency tag communication device to coming the radio-frequency tag communication device that the information of carrying out writes and reads on radio-frequency (RF) tag by radio communication, and the improvement of radio-frequency tag detecting system.
Background technology
Known have a kind of rfid system (radio-frequency recognition system), wherein arranged radio-frequency tag communication device (interrogator), carries out contactless information read from the Miniature RF label (transponder) that wherein stores expectation information with convenient.In this rfid system, radio-frequency tag communication device can read canned data by radio communication from radio-frequency (RF) tag, even radio-frequency (RF) tag is made dirty or is positioned at the place that can't see.Therefore, can expect rfid system is used for such as various aspects such as merchandise control and inspections.
Radio-frequency tag communication device has about several meters maximum communication distance usually.Therefore, using single interrogator to be used as radio-frequency tag communication device can't effectively communicate by letter with the radio-frequency (RF) tag that is arranged in relatively large space.Consider this shortcoming, proposed to be used to enlarge the technology in the comunication area of radio-frequency tag communication device.Patent documentation 1 discloses the example of a kind of interrogator system as this technology.According to this technology, disposed by a plurality of interrogators and being used to and controlled the radio-frequency tag communication device that the control terminal of these a plurality of interrogators is formed, therefore the antenna communication district that is arranged in each interrogator is overlapping each other, so that use same signal between a plurality of interrogators and radio-frequency (RF) tag, to carry out radio communication, thus the whole comunication area of expansion radio-frequency tag communication device.
Propose a kind of technology in addition, used a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices of cooperation each other to cover the expectation comunication area that has radio-frequency (RF) tag.Patent documentation 2 discloses a kind of navigation system and has been used as this The Application of Technology example.This technology is used a plurality of fixed terminals (fixing radio-frequency tag communication device) that are arranged in expectation cell or any other expectation space, and the portable terminal (portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus) that carries of user, so that can detect or lead to the expectation destination that is positioned at the relative narrower zone.
Patent documentation 1:JP-2003-283367A
Patent documentation 2:JP-2001-116583A
But, above-mentioned previous prior art needs the position of a plurality of interrogators more approaching toward each other, so that it is overlapping each other to be arranged in the comunication area of antenna of each interrogator, makes required interrogator number tend to increase unreasonably like this.And then the what is called " passive label " that does not have an internal electric source generally can not realize communication by receiving simultaneously from the signal of a plurality of interrogators, and the passive label that is positioned at the overlapped zone in the comunication area can not be realized the efficient communication with interrogator.Therefore, use the interrogator of minimum required number to develop with regard to needs and have enough radio-frequency tag communication systems in the big comunication area.On the other hand, an above-mentioned back prior art has the risk that interferes between the ripple that sends from a plurality of fixed terminals, and this interference has adverse effect for the information that reads from radio-frequency (RF) tag.Therefore, just need develop and in the comunication area of expectation, accurately to detect the radio-frequency tag detecting system that radio-frequency (RF) tag can effectively prevent to transmit simultaneously wave interference again.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has considered the above-mentioned background technology.Therefore, target of the present invention is to propose a kind of radio-frequency tag communication device, a kind of radio-frequency tag communication system, and a kind of radio-frequency tag detecting system, they have the enough big comunication area of the interrogator that has minimum required number, and the mutual interference between the ripple that can not be subjected to being sent.
Realize the method for this target
First target can realize according to a first aspect of the invention, the radio-frequency tag communication device that this aspect proposes is used for the transmission signal is sent towards radio-frequency (RF) tag, and receive the return signal that the response of sending from radio-frequency (RF) tag sends signal, to be used for and the communicating by letter of radio-frequency (RF) tag.The feature of radio-frequency tag communication device is to comprise the transmission control section, is used to control the transmission that sends signal, overlaps with the comunication area that prevents radio-frequency tag communication device and the sending area of another radio-frequency tag communication device.
Second target can realize according to a second aspect of the invention, the radio-frequency tag communication system that this aspect proposes comprises a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 that above-mentioned first aspect according to the present invention makes up, wherein the transmission control section synchronized transmission of these a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices sends signal, overlaps with the comunication area that prevents described a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices.
The 3rd target can realize according to a third aspect of the present invention, the radio-frequency tag detecting system that this aspect proposes comprises a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices, they are positioned at each precalculated position, and be used for sending and receive the return signal that sends from radio-frequency (RF) tag towards predetermined radio-frequency (RF) tag, to be used for and the communicating by letter of radio-frequency (RF) tag with sending signal; And the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus, be used for and will send signal towards the return signal that radio-frequency (RF) tag sends and reception is sent from radio-frequency (RF) tag, to be used to detect the radio-frequency (RF) tag in the comunication area that is positioned at a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices.The feature of radio-frequency tag detecting system is further to comprise the transmission control section, is used to control the transmission that sends signal, so that a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication device and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus are respectively with different separately sequential transmission signals.
Advantage of the present invention
According to a first aspect of the invention, radio-frequency tag communication device comprises the transmission control section, be used to control the transmission that sends signal, the comunication area of the radio-frequency tag communication device of being discussed to prevent and another radio-frequency tag communication device overlap, thereby can make the spacing distance maximum between the adjacent radio-frequency tag communication device, and prevent that effectively each radio-frequency (RF) tag from receiving when sending signal.That is to say that radio-frequency tag communication device allows radio-frequency tag communication system to have the enough big comunication area of the interrogator that has minimum required number.
Under the preferable case, send control section and controlling the transmission of described transmission signal, so that with the different sequential transmission signal of transmission timing from the transmission signal of another radio-frequency tag communication device, thereby can prevent effectively that radio-frequency (RF) tag from receiving the transmission signal from radio-frequency tag communication device simultaneously.
Under the preferable case, radio-frequency tag communication device further comprises a plurality of antenna elements that are used to send signal, and send control section and treat that by control the phase place of each the transmission signal that sends by these a plurality of antenna elements controls the sending direction that sends signal, thereby change above-mentioned direction.This structure prevents that effectively radio-frequency (RF) tag from receiving the transmission signal from a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices simultaneously.
Under the preferable case, radio-frequency tag communication device further comprises radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part, be used to judge and in the comunication area of the radio-frequency tag communication device of being discussed, whether have any radio-frequency (RF) tag, and which just communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device, and when radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part obtains sure judgement, send the transmission that control section suppresses to send signal.This structure prevents from just to send to the above-mentioned indication radio-frequency (RF) tag that communicates with another radio-frequency tag communication device with sending signal.
Under the preferable case, when radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part obtains sure judgement, send control section and controlling the sending direction that sends signal, to change the sending area of radio-frequency tag communication device.This structure not only can prevent from just to send to the radio-frequency (RF) tag that communicates with another radio-frequency tag communication device with sending signal effectively, and can in the altered comunication area, communicate, thereby make a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices have the whole comunication area of expansion.
Under the preferable case, radio-frequency tag communication device further comprises a plurality of antenna elements that are used for receiving from radio-frequency (RF) tag return signal, and receives control section is controlled return signal by the phase place of controlling the return signal that receives by these a plurality of antenna elements receive direction.This structure can receive the return signal from radio-frequency (RF) tag fully.
Under the preferable case, receive control section and be used to control each that treat from a plurality of antenna elements send and send the amplitude of signal, and receive the amplitude that control section is used to control each return signal that receives by a plurality of antenna elements.This structure can be adjusted the direction that sends and receive fully.
Under the preferable case, being used for the comunication area of the radio-frequency tag communication device judged radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part, is always to judge according to the recipient by the return signal that receives the control of control part branch.This structure can be adjusted fully and be used to carry out the comunication area that above-mentioned indication is judged.
Under the preferable case, each that sends that control section control treats to be sent by a plurality of antenna elements sends the phase place of signal, so that it is consistent with the receive direction of return signal to send the sending direction of signal.This structure allows effectively to communicate by letter with radio-frequency (RF) tag.And, because the sending area is consistent with reception area, so can judge just in the sending area, whether there is any radio-frequency (RF) tag that communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device fully.Therefore, can prevent from just to send to this radio-frequency (RF) tag that communicates with another radio-frequency tag communication device with sending signal.
Under the preferable case, receive the phase place that control section is being controlled each return signal that is received by a plurality of antenna element, so that the receive direction of return signal is consistent with the sending direction that sends signal.This structure allows effectively to communicate by letter with radio-frequency (RF) tag.And, because the sending area is consistent with reception area, so can judge just in the sending area, whether there is any radio-frequency (RF) tag that communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device fully.Therefore, can prevent from just to send to this radio-frequency (RF) tag that communicates with another radio-frequency tag communication device with sending signal.
Under the preferable case, radio-frequency tag communication device further comprises the radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part, is used to detect the position of the radio-frequency (RF) tag that exists in the comunication area of radio-frequency tag communication device.The feasible radio-frequency (RF) tag that can detect expectation of this structure.
According to second aspect of the invention described above, the transmission control section 40 of a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices will send signal and send synchronously with one another, overlap with the comunication area that prevents a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices.This radio-frequency tag communication system has the enough big comunication area of the interrogator that has minimum required number.
Under the preferable case, the transmission control section of each radio-frequency tag communication device is being controlled the transmission that sends signal synchronously with one another, so that these radio-frequency tag communication devices are with different separately sequential transmission signals.This structure can prevent effectively that radio-frequency (RF) tag from receiving the transmission signal from radio-frequency tag communication device simultaneously, and prevents to send the interference between the signal fully.
Under the preferable case, the transmission control section 40 of a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 is being controlled the sending direction of the transmission signal of phase mutually synchronization, thereby can prevent that radio-frequency (RF) tag from receiving the transmission signal from a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices simultaneously, and prevent to send the interference between the signal fully.
The radio-frequency tag detecting system that makes up according to the 3rd aspect of the invention described above comprises the transmission control section, be used to control the transmission that sends signal, so that a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication device and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus are with different separately sequential transmission signals.The transmission time of sharing that sends signal can prevent the transmission ripple that sends from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices and the transmission signal that sends from the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus between interference.That is to say, this radio-frequency tag detecting system allows the radio-frequency (RF) tag that is positioned at the precalculated position is fully detected, prevented the transmission ripple that sends from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices simultaneously effectively and the transmission ripple that sends from the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus between interference.
Under the preferable case, the comunication area of described portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus is narrower than the comunication area of described a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices, therefore can be by at first obtaining the apparent position of the radio-frequency (RF) tag of expectation by a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices, and obtain the accurate position of the radio-frequency (RF) tag of expectation then by the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus, detect the radio-frequency (RF) tag of expectation effectively.
Under the preferable case, the transmission control section is being controlled the transmission timing from the transmission signal of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices, so that prevent to send signal simultaneously towards the wherein overlapped zone transmission in sending area of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices.Interference between the transmission ripple that this structure has prevented to send from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices effectively.
Under the preferable case, radio-frequency tag detecting system comprises a plurality of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus, and the structure of each as mentioned above.In this case, can detect the position of a plurality of radio-frequency (RF) tag that are positioned at the fate more fully.
Under the preferable case, the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus has identification label, thereby can be detected the position of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus by a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices.
Under the preferable case, radio-frequency tag detecting system further comprises the judgment part, is used to judge whether the identification label that is positioned on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus and radio-frequency (RF) tag to be detected are positioned at one of comunication area of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices.This structure allows to detect the relative position between portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus and the radio-frequency (RF) tag to be detected.
Under the preferable case, send the transmission of control section control, so that only after obtaining sure judgement, just send signal by judgment part 248 from the transmission signal of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus.Therefore, by at first operating a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices obtaining expecting the apparent position of radio-frequency (RF) tag, and operate the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus then, can detect the expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag effectively to obtain expecting the accurate position of radio-frequency (RF) tag.
Under the preferable case, the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus comprises the importation, is used for manually specifying radio-frequency (RF) tag to be detected.Therefore, only need the user to operate the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus, be positioned at the expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag of presumptive area with accurate detection.
Under the preferable case, the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus comprises the display part, is used to indicate the direction that radio-frequency (RF) tag was positioned at wherein to be detected.Display part 160 allows visually to detect the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag.
Under the preferable case, the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus comprises indicator part, is used for providing when obtaining sure judgement by the judgment part predetermined indication.This indication make the user can confirm radio-frequency (RF) tag to be detected be positioned at the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus near.
Under the preferable case, the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus comprises a plurality of antenna elements and is used to control the directivity control section of a plurality of antenna element directivity.The directivity control section allows to detect effectively and accurately the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the structure of the radio-frequency tag communication system of an embodiment structure of second aspect according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the electrical structure of the radio-frequency tag communication device of an embodiment structure of first aspect according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 has explained the transmission control example that is used for setting from the sending direction of the transmission signal of the radio-frequency tag communication device of Fig. 2 phase mutually synchronization.
Fig. 4 has explained another example that is used for setting from the transmission control of the sending direction of the transmission signal of the radio-frequency tag communication device of Fig. 2 phase mutually synchronization.
Fig. 5 has explained another example that is used for setting from the transmission control of the sending direction of the transmission signal of the radio-frequency tag communication device of Fig. 2 phase mutually synchronization.
Fig. 6 shows radio-frequency (RF) tag circuit block diagram included in each radio-frequency (RF) tag shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 7 shows the control operation flow chart that is used for communicating and being used for carrying out with another radio-frequency tag communication device with radio-frequency (RF) tag the control section of bilateral each radio-frequency tag communication device of communicating by letter of Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 shows the control operation flow chart that shown in Figure 7 being used to detects the control section of adjacent radio-frequency tag communication device.
Fig. 9 shows a part that is used for the control operation flow chart of the synchronous control section of adjacent radio-frequency tag communication device shown in Figure 7.
Figure 10 shows another part that is used for the identical control operation flow chart of the synchronous control section of adjacent radio-frequency tag communication device shown in Figure 7.
Figure 11 shows shown in Figure 7 being used to and communicates by letter to detect the control operation flow chart of the control section of expecting radio-frequency (RF) tag.
Figure 12 shows the control operation flow chart of control section that is used for communicating with radio-frequency (RF) tag and being used for detecting each radio-frequency tag communication device of radio-frequency (RF) tag under situation about communicating with another radio-frequency tag communication device of Fig. 2.
What Figure 13 showed Fig. 2 communicates and is used for detecting the control operation flow chart of control section of each radio-frequency tag communication device of radio-frequency (RF) tag through being used for of revising under situation about communicating with another radio-frequency tag communication device with radio-frequency (RF) tag.
Figure 14 shows the radio-frequency tag detecting system that makes up according to one embodiment of present invention.
Figure 15 shows the structure of each the static radio-frequency tag communication device in the radio-frequency tag detecting system of Figure 14.
Figure 16 shows the outward appearance plane graph of the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus in the radio-frequency tag detecting system of Figure 14.
Figure 17 is the rearview that is positioned at the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus on the arrow XVII direction of Figure 16.
Figure 18 shows the structure of the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus in the radio-frequency tag detecting system of Figure 14.
Figure 19 shows a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices, and wherein the structure of each and is distributed in the cell all as shown in figure 15.
Figure 20 shows a part of view of Figure 19 enlargedly.
Figure 21 shows the controller of the radio-frequency tag detecting system that is used to control Figure 14.
Figure 22 shows the structure of the controller of Figure 21.
Figure 23 shows the label search view that shows on the display part of the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus of Figure 18.
Figure 24 has explained the transmission timing from the signal of each structure a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices as shown in figure 15.
Figure 25 has explained from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication device of Figure 15 with from the transmission timing of the signal of the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus of Figure 18.
Figure 26 shows the Collaborative Control operational flowchart of CPU of the controller of Figure 22, to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag.
Figure 27 shows a part of flow chart of the control operation of Figure 26, is used for sending signal from static radio-frequency tag communication device.
Figure 28 shows a part of flow chart of the control operation of Figure 26, is used for sending signal from the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus.
Figure 29 shows the control operation flow chart of control section of the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus of Figure 18, is used for detecting the expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag.
Figure 30 shows the control operation flow chart of control section of the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus of Figure 18, to receive the instruction of self-controller.
Figure 31 shows a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices, and wherein the structure of each and is distributed in the cell with the pattern that is different from Figure 19 all as shown in figure 15.
The explanation of label
10: radio-frequency tag communication system
12: radio-frequency tag communication device
14: radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 ': identification label
16: the main carrier generating portion
18: send the signal generating portion
20: the transmitter/receiver antenna element
22: directivity control section 24: transmission/reception separating part
26: local signal generating portion 28: low-converter
30: control section 32: send the signal phase control section
34: send the signal amplitude control section
36: the phase of received signal control section
38: received signal amplitude control section
40: send control section
42: receive control section 44: the received signal built-up section
46: the receiving signal demodulation part
48: radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part
50: the radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part
52: communications portion between interrogator
54: passage 56: cell 60: antenna part
62: rectifying part 64: power unit
66: Clock Extraction part 68: memory portion
70: modulating/demodulating part 72: control section
110: radio-frequency tag detecting system
112: static radio-frequency tag communication device
114: the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus
118: reference frequency generating portion 120:PLL
122:VCO 124: the main carrier modulating part
126: send signal amplifying part and divide 128: antenna
130:I-phase signal conversion portion
132:Q-phase signal conversion portion
134: transmission/reception separating part
136:I-phase signal BPF 138:I-phase signal amplifier section
140:Q-phase signal BPF 142:Q-phase signal amplifier section
144:RSSI 146: control section 148:LAN interface 150:LAN cable
152: controller 154: master unit 156: antenna element 158: sheath body
160: display part 162: operation part (importation)
164: sound generator spare (indicator part) 166:CCD camera
168: pipe fitting 170: support section 172: the unit base
174: transmitter antenna 176: receiver antenna (antenna element)
178: antenna covers 180: the reference frequency generating portion
182: the main carrier modulating part
184: send signal amplifying part and divide 186: the directivity control section
188:I-phase signal conversion portion
190:Q-phase signal conversion portion 192:I-phase signal BPF
194:I-phase signal amplifier section
196:I-phase limitator 198:Q-phase signal BPF
200:Q-phase signal amplifier section 202:Q-phase limitator
204:RSSI 206: control section 208: the WLAN communications portion
210: image processing section
212: phase control part 214: the amplitude control section
216: adder 218: antenna part 220:IC-circuit part
222: rectifying part 224: power unit
226: Clock Extraction part 228: memory portion
230: modulating/demodulating part 232: control section
234: cell 236: WLAN transducer 238:CPU 240:RAM
242:ROM 244:LAN interface 246: send control section
248: the judgment part
Embodiment
Come to tell about in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, show the structure of the radio-frequency tag communication system 10 that an embodiment of according to the present invention second aspect makes up (below be referred to as " communication system 10 ").This communication system 10 is exactly so-called RFID (radio-frequency recognition system), it comprises that at least one radio-frequency tag communication device (two equipment among the embodiment as shown in Figure 1) 12a, the 12b of the embodiment structure of first aspect according to the present invention be not (if there are other explanations, below it is abbreviated as " radio-frequency tag communication device 12 "), and at least one radio-frequency (RF) tag (three labels among the embodiment as shown in Figure 1) 14a, 14b and 14c (, below it being abbreviated as " radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 ") if there are not other explanations.Radio-frequency tag communication device 12 plays the effect of the interrogator of rfid system, and radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 plays the effect of the transponder of rfid system.When will be in inquiry ripple F from each radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b C1, F C2When the transmission signal of form sends to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14a, 14b and 14c, receive for example request signal F E1Radio-frequency (RF) tag 14a, 14b according to the expectation information signal (data) modulate the request signal F that is received C1, and will reply ripple F as being in through the signal of ovennodulation R1, F R2Each return signal of form sends to radio-frequency tag communication device 12a.Therefore, between radio-frequency tag communication device 12a and radio-frequency (RF) tag 14a, 14b, realized radio communication.On the other hand, receive request signal F C2Radio-frequency (RF) tag 12c according to the expectation information signal modulate the request signal F that is received C2, and will reply ripple F as being in through the signal of ovennodulation R3The return signal of form sends to radio-frequency tag communication device 12b.Therefore, between radio-frequency tag communication device 12b and radio-frequency (RF) tag 14c, realized radio communication.
With reference to Fig. 2, show the electrical structure of each radio-frequency tag communication device 12.As shown in Figure 2, radio-frequency tag communication device 12 comprises: main carrier generating portion 16 is used to generate the main carrier of above-mentioned transmission signal; Send ripple generating portion 18, be used for basis and modulate the main carrier that generates by main carrier generating portion 16, thereby be used for generating the transmission signal by the transmission information signal (transmission data) that sends the generation of data generating portion 39 (following will telling about); A plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements (three antenna elements among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2) 20a, 20b and 20c be not (if there are other to indicate, below it is abbreviated as " transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 "), be used for to send the transmission signal that ripple generating portion 18 generates and send to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and receive the return signal that sends from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and send signal with response; Directivity control section 22 is used to control from the sending direction of the transmission signal of each transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 and the receive direction of the signal that transmitter/receiver antenna 20 receives; A plurality of transmissions/reception separating part (three separating parts among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2) 24a, 24b and 24c be not (if there are other to indicate, below it is abbreviated as " transmission/reception separating part 24 "), be used for and be applied to transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 from the transmission signal that directivity control section 22 receives, and will be applied to directivity control section 22 from the received signal that transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 receives; Local signal generating portion 26 is used to generate the local signal with preset frequency; A plurality of low-converters (three transducers among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2) 28a, 28b and 28c, be used for multiply by the local signal that generates by local signal generating portion 26, reduce the frequency of received signal by the received signal that receives from directivity control section 22; And control section 30, be used to carry out the operation of radio-frequency tag communication device 12, for example to carry out the operation of demodulation through the received signal of frequency down-converts.Under the preferable case, transmission/reception separating part 24 is made of circulator or directional coupler.Directivity control section 22 comprises that a plurality of transmission signal phase control sections (three control sections among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2) 32a, 32b and 32c be not (if there are other to indicate, below it is abbreviated as " sending signal phase control section 32 "), each all is used to control the phase place from the transmission signal that sends 18 receptions of ripple generating portion; And a plurality of transmission signal amplitude control sections (three control sections among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2) 34a, 34b and 34c be not (if there are other to indicate, below it is abbreviated as " sending signal amplitude control section 34 "), each all is used to control the amplitude that sends signal.Send signal phase control section 32 and send signal amplitude control section 34 by controlling phase place and the amplitude that sends signal, control the sending direction for the treatment of from the transmission signal of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 transmissions.Directivity control section 22 comprises that further a plurality of phase of received signal control sections (three control sections among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2) 36a, 36b and 36c be not (if there are other to indicate, below it is abbreviated as " phase of received signal control section 36 "), each all is used to control the phase place from corresponding transmission/received signal that reception separating part 24 receives; And a plurality of received signal amplitude control sections (three control sections among the embodiment as shown in Figure 2) 38a, 38b and 38c be not (if there are other to indicate, below it is abbreviated as " received signal amplitude control section 38 "), each all is used to control the amplitude of received signal.Phase of received signal control section 36 and received signal amplitude control section 38 are controlled the receive direction of the signal that is received by transmitter/receiver antenna element 30 by the phase place and the amplitude of control received signal.
Above-mentioned control section 30 is exactly so-called microcomputer, it is integrated CPU, ROM and RAM, and can be when utilizing the ephemeral data memory function of RAM, carry out signal processing operations according to the program that is stored among the ROM, to generate above-mentioned transmission data, determine to send signal phase control section 32 and send the controlled quentity controlled variable of signal amplitude control section 34 and the controlled quentity controlled variable of phase of received signal control section 36 and received signal amplitude control section 38, control transmits a signal to the transmission of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and sends signal from the reception of the received signal of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 with response, the demodulation of control received signal, control is communicated by letter with another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, and the position of detecting radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.In order to carry out various controls effectively, control section 30 comprises: above-mentioned transmission data generating portion 39; Send control section 40; Receive control section 42; Received signal built-up section 44; Receiving signal demodulation part 46; Radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48; The radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part; And communications portion 52 between interrogator.
Send data generating portion 39 and be used to generate the transmission data that conduct sends information signal, this transmission information signal is used for generation transmission signal and is applied to sending signal generating portion 18.Send the controlled quentity controlled variable that control section 40 is used for determining to send signal phase control section 32 and transmission signal amplitude control section 34, overlap so that prevent the comunication area of in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and the comunication area of another radio-frequency tag communication device 12.Under the preferable case, send control section 40 and be used to make the output minimum that sends signal amplitude control section 34, thereby be used for when radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 has provided sure judgement, just when judge with another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 in any any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates when being arranged in the comunication area of in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12, limit or forbid sending the transmission of signal.Under the preferable case, send control section 40 and also be used to control the transmission that sends signal, so that to be different from sequential from the transmission timing of the transmission signal of another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, send transmission signal, thereby prevent the comunication area overlapping of radio-frequency tag communication device 12 from the radio-frequency tag communication device 12 discussed.When in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 during for radio-frequency tag communication device 12a for example, another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 is radio-frequency tag communication device 12b, and it may communicate with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.The comunication area of in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 can be sent to the zone of expecting detected radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 for wherein having enough high-intensity transmission signal, in other words, just such zone expects wherein that promptly radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 receives the mode that sends signal and makes radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 can send a reply the transmission signal that signal is received with response.
Further control the phase place for the treatment of the transmission signal that sends from transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 and (also have amplitude under the preferable case with sending control section 40, if necessary), be used to control the sending direction that sends signal, thereby change the comunication area of in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12, be used to prevent that the comunication area of this comunication area and another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 from overlapping.That is to say, send control section 40 controlling party tropism control sections 22, send signal phase, so that the transmitter antenna equipment of being made up of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 plays the effect of phased-array antenna equipment to be used to controlling each.Under the optional situation, send control section 40 controlling party tropism control sections 22, to be used to control phase place and the amplitude that each sends signal, send quality of signals thereby improve, therefore the transmitter antenna equipment of being made up of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 plays the effect of suitable array antenna equipment.Under the preferable case, send control section 40 controls and treat the phase place and/or the amplitude of the transmission signal that sends from a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20, so that it is consistent to send the receive direction of the received signal that the sending direction of signal and reception control section 42 hereinafter described control.Further determine to send the sending direction of signal under the preferable case, so that the received signal sum that received signal built-up section 44 is hereinafter described made up reaches maximum with sending control section 40.
Receiving the phase place that control section 42 is used to control the received signal that corresponding transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 receives (also has amplitude, if necessary), thereby is used to control the receive direction of received signal.That is to say, receive control section 42 controlling party tropism control sections 22, being used to control each phase of received signal, so that the receiver antenna equipment of being made up of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 plays the effect of phased-array antenna equipment.Under the optional situation, receive control section 42 controlling party tropism control sections 22, to be used to control the phase place and the amplitude of each received signal, thereby improve the quality of received signal, therefore the receiver antenna equipment of being made up of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 plays the effect of suitable array antenna equipment.Under the preferable case, receive the receive direction that control section 42 is used for determining received signal, so that the received signal sum that received signal built-up section 44 is hereinafter described made up reaches maximum.
Received signal built-up section 44 is used for the received signal that receives by transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 is combined.Before received signal received signals built-up section 44 was combined, the directivity of the receiver antenna equipment of being made up of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 was by controlling the phase place of received signal and the directivity control section 22 of amplitude is controlled under the control that receives control section 42.
Receiving signal demodulation part 46 is used for demodulation by received signal that a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 received and combined by received signal built-up section 44.Under the preferable case, receiving signal demodulation part 46 is used for carrying out at first to received signal homodyne demodulation, decodes to carrying out FM through the demodulated received signal then, thereby reads the information that sends as return signal from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
The radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 is used to determine whether to exist within any comunication area that is positioned in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and is communicating with any other radio-frequency tag communication device 12.For example, radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 determines whether a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 receive return signal from any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, its return signal sends out from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, with the transmission signal of response from any other radio-frequency tag communication device 12 transmissions.Under the preferable case, the above-mentioned comunication area that is used for judging radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 is determined by the receive direction that receives the received signal that control section 42 sets.
Radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part 50 is used to detect the position of the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that is present within the above-mentioned comunication area.Under the preferable case, radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part 50 is based on receiving receive direction that control section 42 sets so that the received signal sum of being combined by received signal built-up section 44 reaches maximum, and, detect the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 based on the intensity of received signal.
Communications portion 52 is used for carrying out radio communication with another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 between interrogator.In the present embodiment, in question another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 is communication equipment 12a, and another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 is communication equipment 12b.This other communication equipment 12b has identical structure with in question communication equipment 12a, as shown in Figure 2.For example, communications portion 52 is used for the interrogator numbering (identiflication number) of in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 self is sent to another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 between interrogator, the interrogator numbering that reception is sent from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, the interrogator numbering relevant with the receive direction of interrogator numbering is stored in the memory, call out another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, perhaps send a reply signal with response from the calling of another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, and be used for the Control on Communication of carrying out synchronous communication with another radio-frequency tag communication device 12.A plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 included in communication system 10 carry out synchronous communication mutually under the control of communications portion between interrogator 52.That is to say that the operation of the transmission control section 40 control communication equipments 12 of a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 to send phase mutually synchronization and separate transmission signal, overlaps so that prevent the comunication area of communication equipment 12.Under the preferable case, send the operation that control section 40 is used to control communication equipment 12, so that with different sequential transmission signals, be used for communicating with the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that is in different sequential, overlap with the comunication area that prevents each radio-frequency tag communication device 12.
Under the preferable case, included transmission control section 40 is used for changing frequently the sending direction of the transmission signal of phase mutually synchronization in each radio-frequency tag communication device 12, overlaps with the comunication area that prevents each radio-frequency tag communication device 12.Fig. 3 has explained the transmission control example that is used to set from the sending direction of the transmission signal of the radio-frequency tag communication device 12 of phase mutually synchronization.In the example of Fig. 3, radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b be placed adjacent on of relative two walls that are used for define channel 54.In Fig. 3, at sequential T 1Go up from the sending direction of the transmission signal of these radio-frequency tag communication devices 12a, 12b and represent with solid line, and at sequential T 2On the sending direction with dashed lines of transmission signal represent.And then, at sequential T 3On the sending direction of transmission signal represent with the single-point chain line, and at sequential T 4On the sending direction of transmission signal represent with 2 chain lines.Therefore, sending direction from the transmission signal of the radio-frequency tag communication device 12 of placed adjacent changes on the equidirectional of phase mutually synchronization frequently, just as a pair of handkerchief that is rotated on the equidirectional of phase mutually synchronization, thereby the comunication area that can prevent each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 overlaps.In the optional example of Fig. 4, another radio-frequency tag communication device 12c places on the wall of passage 54, and this wall is relative with the wall at radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b place.Equally, in this example, synchronously change mutually from the sending direction of the transmission signal of radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b and 12c, this comunication area that can prevent each radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b, 12c overlaps.In the another optional example of Fig. 5, four radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d place respectively on four walls that are defined as cell 56.Equally, in this example, sending direction from the transmission signal of four radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d synchronously changes mutually, thereby the comunication area that can prevent each radio-frequency tag communication device 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d overlaps.Each radio-frequency tag communication device 12c and 12d are identical with the structure of radio-frequency tag communication device 12 shown in Figure 2.
With reference to Fig. 6, show the structure of each radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.As shown in Figure 6, radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 comprises: antenna part 60 is used for transmission/received signal to/antenna equipment from being made up of a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 of each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 (interrogator); Rectifying part 62 is used for the carrier wave that antenna part 60 receives is carried out rectification; Power unit 64 is used to store the energy that is carried out the carrier wave of rectification by rectifying part 62; Clock Extraction part 66 is used for from the carrier extract clock signal by antenna part 60 receptions, and the clock signal that is used for extracting is applied to control section 72; Memory portion 68 plays the function of information storage part, with the information signal of storage expectation; Modulating/demodulating part 70 is connected to antenna part 60 and is used to carry out signal modulation and demodulation operation; And above-mentioned control section 72, be used for waiting the operation of controlling radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 via rectifying part 62, Clock Extraction part 66, modulating/demodulating part 70.Control section 72 is carried out some basic controlling operations, such as during communicating, expecting the control operation of information stores in memory portion 68 with radio-frequency tag communication device 12, and control modulating/demodulating part 70 according to the information in the memory portion 68 of being stored in the carrier wave that receives by antenna part 60 is modulated, and the control operation that will send by antenna part 60 as reflected wave through the carrier wave of ovennodulation etc.Under the preferable case, the half-wave doublet antenna that antenna part 60 is made up of a pair of linear element.
With reference to the flow chart of Fig. 7 to Figure 11, show and be used for communicating and carry out the control routine that the control section 30 of bilateral each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 of communicating by letter is carried out with another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Control routine repeats with predetermined period.Tell about communicating by letter of each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 below with reference to flow chart, and the bilateral communication between the radio-frequency tag communication device 12.
At first with reference to Fig. 7, execution in step SA (the following omission " step " speech) at first is with the detection of control to adjacent radio-frequency tag communication device 12 (interrogator), as shown in Figure 8.Then, control flow proceeds to SB, and is synchronous with contiguous radio-frequency tag communication device 12 with control, as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10.Then, carry out SC, to be used to detect the Control on Communication of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, as shown in figure 11.Then, control flow proceeds to SD, whether is equal to or greater than predetermined number " n " (for example 100) with the reception number of determining SC.If obtain negative evaluation in SD, then control flow turns back to SC.If in SD, obtained sure judgement, then stop the control routine of Fig. 7.
Start the control that is used to detect adjacent radio-frequency tag communication device 12 by SA1, to generate the random number between 0 to 1.Then, carry out SA2, equal or greater than threshold value Th1 (for example 4/5) with the random number of determining in SA1, to generate.If obtain sure judgement in SA2, then control flow proceeds to SA3, comes controlling party tropism control section 22, and setting transmitter antenna equipment and the receiver antenna equipment be made up of a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 is non-directional mode.Carry out SA4 then, repeat to generate ID number that is used for interrogator self with scheduled time length, and control flow proceeds to SA10.If obtain negative evaluation in SA2, then control flow proceeds to SA5, with controlling party tropism control section 22, the receiving side signal of setting the receiver antenna equipment of forming by a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 to.Control flow proceeds to SA6 then, to carry out the operation from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 received signals.Carry out SA7 then, whether received signal from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 to judge transmitter/receiver antenna element 20.If obtain sure judgement in SA7, then control flow proceeds to SA8, with to the interrogator of relevant another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 that passes through detection ID number of storage and receiving side signal.Then, flow process proceeds to SA9, to judge whether to have finished the operation of received signal on all directions.If obtain negative evaluation in SA9, then control flow turns back to SA5 and step subsequently.If obtain sure judgement in SA9, then control flow proceeds to SA10, and it is inferior whether the communication cycle that is used to detect another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 with judgement has repeated predetermined " m ".If obtain negative evaluation in SA10, then control flow turns back to SA1 and step subsequently.If in SA10, obtain sure judgement, then stop the control operation of Fig. 8, and control flow proceeds to and is used for the control operation synchronous with contiguous radio-frequency tag communication device 12 among Fig. 9 and Figure 10.
Start by SB1 shown in Figure 9 and to be used for and synchronous Fig. 9 of contiguous radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and 10 operation, setting transmitter antenna equipment and the receiver antenna equipment be made up of a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 with controlling party tropism control section 22 is non-directional mode.Carry out SB2 then, to generate the random number between 0 to 1.Then, control flow proceeds to SB3, to judge that the random number generate equals or greater than threshold value Th in SB2 2(for example about 4/5).If obtain negative evaluation in SB3, then control flow proceeds to SB10, to carry out the operation from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 received signals.Carry out SB11 then, whether called out by any another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 to judge interrogator self.If obtain sure judgement in SB3, then control flow proceeds to SB4, and with the operation that execution is used to call out another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, its interrogator is stored among the SA8 for ID number.Then, control flow proceeds to SB5, whether has received answer to judge another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, in response to the calling of carrying out among the SB4.If obtain negative evaluation in SB5, then control flow proceeds to SB2 and step subsequently.If obtain sure judgement in SB5, then control flow proceeds to SB6, to determine the communication sequential on the direction of having replied other called radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 of calling out.Carry out SB7 then, replied the radio-frequency tag communication device of calling out 12 so that determined communication sequential is sent to.Then, control flow proceeds to SB8, to determine from having replied whether other return signals of being called out radio-frequency tag communication device 12 receptions of calling out serve as to permit signal.If obtain negative evaluation in SB8, then control flow proceeds to SB6 to change the communication sequential, carries out step subsequently then.If obtain sure judgement in SB8, then control flow proceeds to SB9, is close to communicating by letter of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 to judge whether to have finished with all.If obtain sure judgement in SB9, then control flow proceeds to the later step shown in SB17 and Figure 10.If obtain negative evaluation in SB9, then control flow turns back to SB2 and later step.If obtain negative evaluation in SB3, then control flow proceeds to SB10, receives operation to carry out.
If in SB11, obtain negative evaluation, that is to say that then control flow turns back to SB2 and step subsequently if in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 is not also called out by any other radio-frequency tag communication device 12.If obtain sure judgement in SB11, then control flow proceeds to SB12, return signal is sent to another radio-frequency tag communication device 12.Then, carry out SB13, to receive the sequential that communicates with in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12.Control flow proceeds to SB14 then, to judge whether the allowing communication sequential to receive to send from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 in SB13.If obtain sure judgement in SB14, then control flow proceeds to SB15, sends to another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 will permit signal, proceeds to SB9 and step subsequently then.If obtain negative evaluation in SB14, then control flow proceeds to SB16, so that non-allowance signal is sent to another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, proceeds to SB13 and step subsequently then.
In as shown in Figure 9 the SB17 of Figure 10 of control operation and then, setting transmitter antenna equipment and the receiver antenna equipment be made up of a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 is non-directional mode.Then, control flow proceeds to SB18, to generate the random number between 0 to 1.Carry out SB19 then, equal or greater than threshold value Th with the random number of determining in SB19, to generate 2If in SB19, obtain negative evaluation, then control flow proceeds to SB26, to carry out operation from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 received signals, carry out SB27 then, whether called out by any other radio-frequency tag communication device 12 to judge in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12.If obtain sure judgement in SB19, then control flow proceeds to SB20, to carry out the operation of calling out another radio-frequency tag communication device 12.Then, control flow proceeds to SB21, whether has received answer to judge another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, in response to the calling of carrying out among the SB20.If obtain negative evaluation in SB21, then control flow proceeds to SB18 and step subsequently.If in SB21, obtain sure judgement, then control flow proceeds to SB22, so that required transmission number of times (needing to send the transmission number of times of signal on all directions) is sent to called another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 from question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 towards contiguous radio-frequency tag communication device 12.Then, control flow proceeds to SB23, to receive the transmission number of times towards other contiguous radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 from called another radio-frequency tag communication device 12.Then, carry out SB24, be close to communicating by letter of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 to judge whether to have finished with all.If obtain negative evaluation in SB24, then control flow turns back to SB18 and step subsequently.If in SB24, obtain sure judgement, then control flow proceeds to SB25, is close to the maximum number of communicating by letter that radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and called another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 communicate to detect with in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 or other.Stopping the control among Fig. 9 and Figure 10 in SB25, and then is the Control on Communication of Figure 11, is used to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
If in SB27, obtain negative evaluation, that is to say that then control flow turns back to SB18 and step subsequently if in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 is not also called out by any other radio-frequency tag communication device 12.If in SB27, obtain sure judgement, that is to say if radio-frequency tag communication device 12 is called out by any other radio-frequency tag communication device 12, then control flow proceeds to SB28, so that send a reply signal to the radio-frequency tag communication device of calling out 12.Then, control flow proceeds to SB29, sends number of times to receive from the radio-frequency tag communication device of calling out to other contiguous radio-frequency tag communication devices 12 12.Then, carry out SB30, send to the radio-frequency tag communication device of calling out 12 from question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 will send number of times.And then SB30's is above-mentioned steps S24 and following steps.
By SC1 " i " is set at 1 Control on Communication that is used to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that starts Figure 11.Whether then, carry out SC2, be the sequential that in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 communicate to judge sequential Ti.If obtain negative evaluation in SC2, then control flow proceeds to SC7, with the sequential of wait communication, and carries out SC5 and step subsequently then.If obtain sure judgement in SC2, then control flow proceeds to SC3, with controlling party tropism control section 22, is used for the transmitter that will be made up of transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 and the both transmit and receive direction of receiver antenna equipment and is set at direction Di.Then, control flow proceeds to SC4, is being used to detect on the direction Di that expects radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 from transmitter/receiver antenna element 20 transmission signals to control main carrier generating portion 16 and to send signal generating portion 18.Then, carry out SC5,, and carry out SC6, the communication maximum number that whether equals to be scheduled to determined value " i " with added value " i " one by one.If obtain negative evaluation in SC6, then control flow turns back to SC2 and step subsequently.If in SC5, obtain sure judgement, then stop the control operation of Figure 11, and carry out step SD shown in Figure 7.
At Fig. 7 to the control routine shown in Figure 11, step SA3, SB1, SB6, SB17 and SC are corresponding with transmission control section 40, and step SA3, SA5, SB1, SB17 and SC are corresponding with reception control section 42, and step SC is corresponding with received signal built-up section 44 and receiving signal demodulation part 46 simultaneously.And then step SA and the SB communications portion 52 of communicating by letter with radio-frequency (RF) tag between judgment part 48 and interrogator is corresponding, and step SC1 to SC7 is corresponding with radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part 50.
In above-mentioned present embodiment, each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 all comprises transmission control section 40 (step SA3, SB1, SB6, SB17 and SC), be used to control the transmission that sends signal, so that preventing the comunication area of in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 overlaps, this can make the spacing distance between the contiguous radio-frequency tag communication device 12 reach maximum, and prevents that effectively a plurality of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 from receiving the transmission signal simultaneously.That is to say that each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 of radio-frequency tag communication system allows communication system to have the enough big comunication area by adopting minimum required interrogator number.
And then, send the transmission that control section 40 controls send signal, so that the sequential that the transmission signal is sent out is different with the transmission timing that sends signals from another radio-frequency tag communication device 12, this can prevent effectively that each radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 from receiving the transmission signal from radio-frequency tag communication device simultaneously.
And then, radio-frequency tag communication device 12 further comprises a plurality of antenna elements 20 that send out the transmission signal by it, and send control section 40 and treat phase place by each the transmission signal that sends in a plurality of antenna elements 20 by control, control the sending direction that sends signal, thereby tell about more than changing.This structure has prevented that effectively radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 from receiving the transmission signal from a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices simultaneously.
And then, radio-frequency tag communication device 12 further comprises radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 (step SA and SB), be used to determine whether that any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 is present in the comunication area of in question radio-frequency tag communication device 12 and is communicating with any other radio-frequency tag communication device 12, and when obtaining sure judgement, send the transmission that control section 40 forbids sending signal by radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48.This structure has prevented that will send signal under situation about communicating with another radio-frequency tag communication device 12 sends to above-mentioned radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
And then, radio-frequency tag communication device 12 further comprises a plurality of antenna elements 20, receive return signal by them from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and receive control section (step SA3, SA6, SB1, SB17 and SC), be used for controlling by the phase place of each return signal of a plurality of antenna elements 20 receptions the receive direction of return signal by control.This structure allows fully to receive return signal from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
And then, send control section 40 and be used to control each that treat from a plurality of antenna elements 20 send and send the amplitude of signal, and receive control section 42 and be used to control the amplitude for the treatment of each return signal of receiving by a plurality of antenna elements 20.This structure allows both transmit and receive direction is fully adjusted.
And then the comunication area that is used for the radio-frequency tag communication device 12 judged radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 is according to being determined by the receive direction of the return signal that receives control section 42 controls.This structure allows the comunication area that is used for above-mentioned judgement is fully adjusted.
And then each that sends that control section 40 controls treat to send by a plurality of antenna elements 20 sends the phase place of signal, so that it is consistent with the receive direction of return signal to send the sending direction of signal.This structure allows to carry out efficient communication with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.And, because the sending area is consistent with reception area, so can judge fully whether any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device is present within the sending area.Therefore, can prevent to send to the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with another radio-frequency tag communication device with sending signal.
Under the preferable case, receive the phase place of control section control, so that the receive direction of return signal is consistent with the sending direction that sends signal by each return signal of a plurality of antenna elements 20 receptions.This structure allows effectively to communicate by letter with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.And, because the sending area is consistent with reception area, so can judge fully whether any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device is present within the sending area.Therefore, can prevent to send to the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with another radio-frequency tag communication device with sending signal.
And then radio-frequency tag communication device further comprises radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part 50 (step SC1 to SC7), is used to detect the position that radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 exists within the comunication area of radio-frequency tag communication device.This structure allows to detect the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 of expectation.
In the radio-frequency tag communication system 10 that includes each a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication device 12 that all as above make up, the transmission control section 40 of radio-frequency tag communication device 12 sends the transmission signal of phase mutually synchronization, overlaps with the comunication area that prevents a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12.This radio-frequency tag communication system 10 has the enough big comunication area by adopting minimum required interrogator number.
And then, the transmission of the transmission signal of the transmission control section 40 control phase mutually synchronization of each radio-frequency tag communication device 12, so that by radio-frequency tag communication device 12 transmission signals, this can prevent effectively that radio-frequency (RF) tag from receiving the transmission signal from radio-frequency tag communication device simultaneously on each different sequential.
And then, the sending direction of the transmission signal of the transmission control section 40 control phase mutually synchronization of a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices 12, this can prevent that radio-frequency (RF) tag from receiving the transmission signal from a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices simultaneously.
Though told about the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing, be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to present embodiment, and can be other embodiment.
Figure 12 is a flow chart, shows the control operation of the control section 30 of each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 that is used for communicating with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and is used for detecting the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with another radio-frequency tag communication device (interrogator).The control routine of Figure 12 adopts predetermined period to repeat.By SE1 start-up control routine,, set the sending direction of the transmitter antenna element of forming by a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 and the receive direction of the receiver antenna equipment formed by antenna element 20 with controlling party tropism control section 22.Then, control flow proceeds to SE2, to receive the return signal that sends from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Control flow proceeds to the judgment part 48 corresponding SE3 that communicate by letter with radio-frequency (RF) tag then, to determine whether to exist any radio-frequency (RF) tag 24 that communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device, that is to say whether received return signal from any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.If in SE3, obtain sure judgement, then will not send signal and send to that radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and control flow proceeds to SE2.If obtain negative evaluation in SE3, then control flow proceeds to SC, detects radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to communicate, as shown in figure 11.Then, carry out SE4, to judge whether to have finished the operation that on all directions, detects radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.If obtain negative evaluation in SE4, then control flow turns back to SE1 and step subsequently.If in SE4, obtain sure judgement, then stop the execution of control routine.Therefore, the structure of present embodiment make can by judge this radio-frequency tag communication device 12 whether received the return signal that sends from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 with response from the transmission signal that above-mentioned existing radio-frequency tag communication device sends, judging whether to exist and do not comprising any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that any existing radio-frequency tag communication device of communications portion 52 communicates between interrogator.This radio-frequency tag communication device 12 can also be used in the radio-frequency tag communication system that includes existing radio-frequency tag communication device, and this can prevent that radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 from receiving the transmission signal from a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices simultaneously.
Figure 13 is a flow chart, shows the control operation of control section 30 that communicates and be used for detecting each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 of the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with other radio-frequency tag communication devices (interrogator) through being used for of revising with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.The control routine of Figure 13 repeats with predetermined period.Identical among step SE1 to SE4 among Figure 13 and Figure 12 will no longer be told about here.In the control routine of Figure 13,, that is to say that then control flow proceeds to SE5 if there is any radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device if in SE3, obtain sure judgement.This step SE5 is controlling the directivity control section 22 that is used to control the sending direction that sends signal, the comunication area is become the zone that does not comprise detected radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Therefore, sending control section 40 is used for always changing the comunication area when obtaining sure judgement by radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 by changing the transmit leg that sends signal.Therefore, this structure has not only prevented to send signal effectively and has sent to the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that communicates with any other radio-frequency tag communication device, and allow within the comunication area that changes, to communicate, thereby can enlarge the whole comunication area of a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
Though the transmission control section 40 that is provided in the above-described embodiments, reception control section 42, received signal built-up section 44, receiving signal demodulation part 46, radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part 48 and radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part 50 all are the functional parts of control section 30, these parts can be separated control appliances.And then, can operate by Digital Signal Processing by the controlled function that these funtion parts or control appliance are carried out, perhaps analog is operated and is carried out.
In above-mentioned illustrated embodiment, each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 all has a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20, is used for sending to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and being used to receive the return signal that sends out from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and send signal with response sending signal.But, each radio-frequency tag communication device 12 can have a plurality of transmitter antenna elements 20, is used for the transmission signal is sent to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14; And a plurality of receiver antenna elements 20, be used to receive the return signal that sends out from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and send signal with response.
In above-mentioned illustrated embodiment, send control section 40 and be used for treating that by control each phase place and amplitude that sends signal is controlled sending direction from each of a plurality of transmitter/receiver antenna elements 20 sends out.But, send control section 40 and can be used for only controlling the phase place that each sends signal.This structure also allows the comunication area is fully adjusted.Similarly, receive the phase place that control section 42 can be used for only controlling each received signal.
Tell about other embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.In following telling about, used with above embodiment in used identical reference signal, to be used to discern respective element, no longer give unnecessary details below.
Embodiment 2
Figure 14 shows the radio-frequency tag detecting system 110 according to an embodiment structure of third aspect of the present invention.As shown in figure 14, radio-frequency tag detecting system 110 of the present invention is exactly so-called RFID (radio-frequency (RF) identification) system, it comprises: be positioned at each locational a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices (for example 12 equipment) 112a, 112b, 112c, ..., 1121 (, below they being abbreviated as " static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 " as there not being other explanations); At least one portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus or convenient reader 114 (equipment among the embodiment as shown in figure 14) are used to detect the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 within least one comunication area that is positioned at a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112; And at least one radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 play the effect of the interrogator of rfid system, and radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 plays the effect of the transponder of rfid system.That is to say that static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 is used for inquiry ripple (transmission signal) F C1, F C2, F C3..., F C12(, below it being abbreviated as " inquiry ripple F " as there not being other explanations) sends to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and receives answer ripple (return signal) F that sends out from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 r, be used for communicating with radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is used for inquiry ripple F pSend to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and receive the answer ripple F that sends out from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 rThereby, be used to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.In the preferred type of service of this radio-frequency tag detecting system 110, system user carries portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, and carry out the operation that is used to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, simultaneously the view that provides with reference to display part 160 by portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.
With reference to Figure 15, show the structure of each static radio-frequency tag communication device 112.As shown in figure 15, this static state radio-frequency tag communication device 112 comprises: reference frequency generating portion 118 is used for generating inquiry ripple F cMain carrier; PLL (phased lock loop) 120 is used for according to the reference wave that is generated by reference frequency generating portion 118 and sets the frequency of main carrier from the control signal that control section 146 receives; VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) 122 is used for according to the frequency of controlling main carrier from the control voltage of PLL 120 receptions; Main carrier modulating part 124 is used for according to predetermined control signal TX-ASK the main carrier by the preset frequency of VCO 122 control being carried out amplitude modulation(PAM), thereby being used for generating sends signal; Send signal amplifying part and divide 126, be used for amplifying the transmission signal that generates by main carrier modulating part 124 according to predetermined control signal TX-PWR; Play the antenna 128 of transmitter/receiver antenna equipment, be used for and divide the 126 transmission signals that receive as inquiry ripple F from sending signal amplifying part cSend to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and receive the answer ripple F that sends out from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 rWith response inquiry ripple F cI phase signal conversion portion 130 and Q phase signal conversion portion 132, the return signal that is used for being received by antenna 128 converts mutually orthogonal I phase signal and Q phase signal to; Transmission/reception separating part 134 is used for and will divides 126 signals that send to be applied to antenna 128 from the transmission signal amplifying part and be used for the restoring signal from antenna 128 is applied to I phase signal and Q phase signal conversion portion 130,132; I phase signal BPF (bandpass filters) 136 is used for extracting predetermined frequency band at the I phase signal that receives from I phase signal conversion portion 130; I phase signal amplifier section 138 is used to amplify the I phase signal that receives from I phase signal BPF 136; Q phase signal BPF 140 is used for extracting predetermined frequency band at the Q phase signal that receives from Q phase signal conversion portion 132; And Q phase signal amplifier section 142, be used to amplify the Q phase signal that receives from Q phase signal BPF 140; RSSI (received signal volume indicator) 144 is used to detect from I phase signal amplifier section 138 and the I phase signal of Q phase signal amplifier section 142 receptions and the intensity of Q phase signal; Above-mentioned control section 146 is used to control the operation of static radio-frequency tag communication device 112; And LAN interface 148, be used for control section 146 is connected to controller 152 (hereinafter will tell about) by LAN cable 150.Be circulator or directional coupler under transmission/reception separating part 134 preferable case.
Above-mentioned control section 146 is exactly so-called microcomputer, it comprises CPU, ROM and RAM, and operate to carry out signal processing operations according to the program that is stored among the ROM, utilize the ephemeral data memory function of RAM simultaneously, to carry out some basic controlling operations, will inquire ripple F such as the instruction that receives according to slave controller 152 (hereinafter will tell about) cSend to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and receive the response inquiry ripple F that sends out from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 cAnswer ripple F rIf radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 has assigned I D, the transmission signal that then is sent to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 is to include to be used to ask the inquiry that radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 sends a reply or to seek the opinion of request.Have ID by inquiry instruction appointment if received the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that sends signal, then this radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 return signal that will include answer sends to the inquiry instruction.
Figure 16 is a plane graph, show the outward appearance of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, and Figure 17 is the rearview of the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 on the arrow XVII of Figure 16 direction.As Figure 16 and shown in Figure 17, portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is by master unit 154 and be mounted on the master unit 154 and can form by removed antenna element 156.Master unit 154 comprises: sheath body 158; Display part 160 is mounted on the planar section of sheath body 158; Operation part 162 is mounted on the side of display part 160; Sound generates equipment 164, such as buzzer, alarm indicator or loud speaker; And CDD camera 166, place on the end parts of sheath body 158.Under the preferable case, be placed in the sheath body 158, perhaps adhere to the rear surface of sheath body 158 with reference to the recognition radio frequency label 14 ' of the same structure that Fig. 6 told about with each radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
Operation part 162 has the input equipment that includes button, button, switch and keypad, is used to carry out the operation that activates display part 160 and detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.CDD camera 166 is arranged in the pipe fitting 168 that places on the sheath body 158, so that the pivoting of pipe fitting 168 relative sheath bodies 158.Pipe fitting 168 has integrated knob portion 170, is used for manual support so that pipe fitting 168 is rotated with respect to sheath body 158, thereby is used to rotate CDD camera 166, with mobile CDD camera 166 visual field in vertical direction in narrower scope.
Antenna element 156 comprises: unit base 172; Be arranged in the transmitter antenna 174 of unit base 172, be used for the inquiry ripple F that to be fit to pSend to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14; A plurality of receiver antennas (for example three antennas) 176a, 176b, 176c (as there not being other explanations, below it being abbreviated as " receiver antenna 176 ") are supported by the antenna support arm, and are used for receiving answer ripple F from radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 rAnd antenna cover 178, be used to hold receiver antenna 176.In the example of Figure 16 and Figure 17, two receiver antenna 176a and 176c extend to the right and left from unit base 172, and receiver antenna 176b wraps in the unit base 172 simultaneously.
Unit base 172 has the suitable adaptations (not shown), can be connected mutually with the linking part (not shown) on the precalculated position on being positioned at master unit 154, so that unit base 172 removably is mounted on the master unit 154.Receiver antenna 176a and 176c telescopically place with respect to unit base 172 vertically on, so that these receiver antennas 176a, 176c are adjustable to the distance of intermediate receiver antenna 176b, so that the receiver antenna is always equal to the distance of intermediate receiver antenna 176b.
With reference to Figure 18, told about the structure of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.Shown in Figure 18, portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 comprises: reference frequency generating portion 180 is used for generating inquiry ripple F pMain carrier; Main carrier modulating part 182 is used for according to predetermined control signal TX-ASK the main carrier that is generated by reference frequency generating portion 180 being carried out amplitude modulation(PAM), thereby is used for generating the transmission signal; Send signal amplifying part and divide 184, be used for amplifying the transmission signal that generates by main carrier modulating part 182, and will be applied to transmitter antenna 174 through amplified transmission signal according to predetermined control signal TX-PWR; Directivity control section 186 is used to control the receive direction of a plurality of receiver antenna elements 176; I phase signal conversion portion 188 and Q phase signal conversion portion 190, the received signal that is used for receiving from directivity control section 186 converts mutually orthogonal I phase signal and Q phase signal to; I phase signal BPF 192 is used for extracting predetermined frequency band at the I phase signal that receives from I phase signal conversion portion 188; I phase signal amplifier section 194 is used to amplify the I phase signal that receives from I phase signal BPF 192; I phase limitator 196 is used to detect the I phase signal that receives from I phase signal amplifier section 194, and prearranged signals RXS-I is applied to control section 206; Q phase signal BPF 198 is used for extracting predetermined frequency band from the Q phase signal that Q phase signal conversion portion 190 receives; And Q phase signal amplifier section 200, be used to amplify the Q phase signal that receives from Q phase signal BPF 198; Q phase limitator 202 is used to detect the Q phase signal that receives from Q phase signal amplifier section 200, and prearranged signals RXS-Q is applied to control section 206; RSSI 204, be used to detect from I phase signal amplifier section 194 and the I phase signal of Q phase signal amplifier section 200 receptions and the intensity of Q phase signal, and prearranged signals RSSI is applied to control section 206; Above-mentioned control section 146 is used to control the operation of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114; WLAN communications portion 208 is used for control section 206 is connected to controller 152 (hereinafter will tell about); And image processing section 210, being used for according to from the instruction of control section 206, control display part 160 is providing predetermined image, and the imaging operation of control CDD camera 166.
Above-mentioned directivity control section 186 comprises: phase control part 212a, 212b and 212c be not (as there being other explanations, below it is abbreviated as " phase control part 212 "), be used to control phase place from each received signal of receiver antenna 176a, 176b and 176c reception; Amplitude control section 214a, 214b and 214c (as there not being other explanations, below it being abbreviated as " amplitude control section 214 ") are used to control the amplitude of the received signal that its phase place controlled by phase control part 212; And adder 216, be used for its amplitude is added up by the received signal of amplitude control section 214 controls, and resulting summation is applied to above-mentioned I phase signal conversion portion 188 and Q phase signal conversion portion 190.Directivity control section 186 plays the effect of directivity control section, is used to change the directivity of a plurality of receiver antenna elements 176.As above the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 of structure adopts the so-called pencil beam of the directivity with accurate control, can accurately detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.As above Gou Zao directivity control section 186 is made up of phased-array antenna known in the art, and phase control part 212 and amplitude control section 214 are to control according to the control signal that receives from control section 206, with the receive direction of controlling receiver antenna 176.
With reference to Figure 19, told about the structure of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication device 112a to 1121 that places suitable cell 234.Radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 in the present embodiment is the passive of the high frequency of access times, has the communication distance that is about 3-5m usually so that play each static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 of the effect of interrogator.In the example of Figure 19, communication distance is that to place specification be the cell 234 of 14m * 21m to the static radio-frequency tag communication device 112a to 1121 of 5m, so that static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 distributes with 3 * 4 matrix, and the spacing distance between the antenna 128 of adjacent static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 is 7m.As above the whole communication area that has of 12 static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 of Fen Buing has covered the whole zone of cell 234, as shown in figure 19.
Figure 20 shows the enlarged drawing of a part among Figure 19.As shown in figure 20, structure according to radio-frequency tag detecting system 111 of the present invention makes a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 at first obtain the apparent position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 obtains the accurate position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 then.The comunication area of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is narrower than the comunication area of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112, and can adopt the pencil beam type antenna equipment of the directivity with accurate control accurately to detect the position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.That is to say, during the drawer of the desk (not shown) within radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 is arranged in cell 234, can accurately detect the position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
Figure 21 has explained the controller 152 of radio-frequency tag detecting system 110, and Figure 22 shows the structure of controller 152.As Figure 21 and shown in Figure 22, the controller 152 of radio-frequency tag detecting system 110 comprises CPU 238, RAM 240, ROM 242 and LAN interface 244, and carry out signal processing operations according to the program that is stored among the ROM 242, utilize the ephemeral data memory function of RAM240 simultaneously.This controller 152 is connected to a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 by LAN cable 150, is used for communicating with these static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.And then controller 152 can carry out WLAN with portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 by WLAN transducer 236 and communicate by letter.As above the controller 152 of structure is by a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 of control and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, controls the operation of radio-frequency tag detecting system 110 in collaborative mode, to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.At last, controller 152 comprises: send control section 246, be used to control the transmission from the signal of static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 and 114 transmissions of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus; And judgment part 248, be used to judge whether the identification label 14 ' and the expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that are positioned on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 are positioned at one of comunication area of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.
Figure 23 shows the label search graph on the display part 160 that is presented at portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.Controller 152 stores: the cartographic information of cell 234; The information relevant with grouping with the number of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112; And the information relevant with the identification label 14 ' on being positioned at portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.The image processing section 210 of controller 152 control portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is to provide the label search graph, as shown in figure 23 on display part 160.Portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 can be specified that expect in a plurality of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 by operation part 162.Information by operation part 162 inputs is sent to controller 152, specifies the operation of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 with start detection.The effect of display part is played in display part 160, is used to indicate the direction of wherein specifying radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to be positioned at, and operation part 162 plays the effect of importation simultaneously, is used for manually specifying the detected radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 of expectation.
In order to detect expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 obtain the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 of appointment and are positioned at the apparent position of the identification label 14 ' on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, and the information of the resulting apparent position of expression is provided to controller 152.The controller 152 that has received information is by control image processing section 210, the map of order portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 display booths 234 with the relevant information of relative position of specifying radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, shown in the label search graph.The user who carries portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is subjected to impelling of shown label search graph, moves near the position of specifying radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Moved to when specifying the position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 when judging portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, that is to say if obtain sure judgement by judgment part 248, then the sound generating portion 164 of controller 152 order portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 provides sound, is used to notify the user to specify radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to be positioned near the user.When obtaining sure judgement by judgment part 248, sound generating portion 164 plays the effect of indicator part, is used to provide predetermined indication.Show that the display part 160 be used to represent to specify radio-frequency (RF) tag 24 to be positioned near the label search graph the user plays the effect of indicator part, be used to provide expression to specify radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to be positioned near the user visual indication.
Figure 24 has explained the transmission timing from the transmission signal of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.Send control section 246 and controlling transmission, overlapping with the comunication area that prevents those communication equipments 112 from the transmission signal of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.Specifically, send the static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 of control section 246 controls and send inquiry ripple F cSo that with static radio-frequency tag communication device 112a, 112c, 112i and the 112k of the indicated sequential of time slot A shown in Figure 24 from the A group, with static radio-frequency tag communication device 112b, 112d, the 112j and 1121 of the indicated sequential of time slot B from the B group, with static radio-frequency tag communication device 112e and the 112g of the indicated sequential of time slot C from the C group, and with the transmission inquiry ripple F of the indicated sequential of time slot D from static radio-frequency tag communication device 112f and 112h cAs mentioned above, by control inquiry ripple F cTransmission timing, can prevent the inquiry ripple F that sends from adjacent static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 effectively cBetween interference so that can be sent effectively and do not had a this interference with the query statement of inquiry waveshape.By changing query statement with specify labels 14 and 14 ' ID separately, need send to the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 of appointment and be positioned at identification label 14 ' on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 sending signal with different sequential with a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112, the transmission of inquiry ripple that therefore must be as shown in figure 14 realizes twice.
Figure 25 has explained from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 with from the transmission timing of the transmission signal of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.Judgment part 248, transmission control section 246 order portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 are only after judgment part 248 has obtained sure judgement, that is to say, only after the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that judgement is positioned at identification label 14 ' on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 and expectation is positioned at one of them comunication area of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112, transmission transmission signal.That is to say, after the transmission signal of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is only near portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 has been positioned at specified radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, just be sent out.Send control section 246 and transmission from the transmission signal of static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 with different sequencing control.Specifically, from the inquiry ripple F of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 cBe sent out with aforesaid each different sequential, and from the inquiry ripple F of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 pWith as shown in figure 25 the indicated sequential of time slot E and be sent out.By send the transmission timing of signal with aforesaid cooperative mode control, can under the situation that does not have to interfere between the transmission ripple, detect the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that is positioned at one of comunication area.
Figure 26 is a flow chart, shows the Collaborative Control operation of the CPU 238 of controller 152, to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag.The control routine of Figure 26 is to be performed predetermined cycle time.
Control routine is from step S1 (hereinafter having omitted " step " speech), and promptly inquiring user is to the input of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 (portable reader).Whether then, carry out S2 serves as that the request start-up operation is to detect the instruction of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 with the input of judging the user.As long as in S2, obtained the judgement negating, just repeated the judgement among the S2.If obtained sure judgement in S2, then control flow enters into S3, and to obtain the ID of radio-frequency (RF) tag to be detected 14 (expectation label 14), this ID once was transfused to by the operation part 162 of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.Then, control flow enters SFX as shown in figure 27, expects that wherein the apparent position search of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 is to be undertaken by the static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 that X organizes.That is to say, at first carry out SFA so that the static radio-frequency tag communication device 112a, 112c, 112i and the 112k that are organized by A search for.Carry out SFB then so that the static radio-frequency tag communication device 112b, 112d, the 112j and 1121 that are organized by B search for.Carry out SFC then so that the static radio-frequency tag communication device 112e and the 112g that are organized by C search for, and carry out SFD then so that the static radio-frequency tag communication device 112f and the 112h that are organized by D search for.Then, control flow enters S4, to judge whether portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is positioned near the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 of expectation, that is to say whether the identification label 14 ' and the expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that are arranged on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 are positioned at one of comunication area of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.If in S4, obtained sure judgement, then control flow enters into SG as shown in figure 28, sound with activation of portable formula radio-frequency tag communication device 114 generates equipment 164, be positioned near the user so that generate suitable sound notification user expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and order portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 is carried out the operation that detects expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Control flow enters into S5 and subsequent step thereof then.If obtained the judgement negating in S4, then control flow enters into S5 from S4, wherein shows the operating result that detects expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 by image processing section 210 on display part 160.Carry out S6 then with the input of inquiring user to portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.Then, carry out SC7 to judge whether to have occurred to be used to finish the instruction of the detection of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.If obtained the judgement negating in S7, then control flow turns back to SFA and subsequent step thereof.If in S7, obtained sure judgement, then finish current control routine.In this control routine, step SFX and SG are corresponding to the operation that sends control section 246.
Control operation shown in Figure 27 is from SFX1 (name of each group A, B, C and D is replaced by " X ", and this replacement is applicable in the subsequent step) beginning, and all static radio-frequency tag communication devices of order X group detect the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Then, carry out SFX2, to wait for answer from all static radio-frequency tag communication devices.Then, carry out SFX3 is positioned at the identification label 14 ' on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 with all static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 detections of order X group position.Carry out SFX4 then, to wait for answer from all static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.Control flow enters the subsequent step of S4 and main routine then.
Control operation as shown in figure 28 is from SG1, and order portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 detects the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Then, carry out SG2 to wait for answer from portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.Control flow enters the subsequent step of S5 and main routine thereof then
Figure 29 is a flow chart, shows the control operation of the control section 206 of taking formula radio-frequency tag communication device 114.The control routine of Figure 29 is to be repeated execution predetermined cycle time.
The control routine of Figure 29 is from SHA1, by visiting the suitable data base to obtain the item list (clause name tabulation, and the ID that invests the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 of these clauses and subclauses) corresponding to radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.Then, carry out SHA2, show label search view as shown in figure 23 to activate display part 160.Carry out SHA3 then to judge whether the cursor key on the push part 162.If obtained sure judgement in SHA3, then control flow enters SHA4 being updated in the clauses and subclauses that high brightness on the display part 160 shows, and turns back to SHA3.If obtained the judgement negating in SHA3, then control flow enters SHA5, judges whether the search key on the push part 162.If obtained sure judgement in SHA5, then control flow enters SHA6, and the ID that judges indication on display part 162 is the ID of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and opens the searching request sign, and turns back to SHA3 and subsequent step.If obtained the judgement negating in SHA5, then control flow enters SHA7, to judge whether the search end key on the push part 162.If obtained sure judgement in SHA7, then control flow enters SHA8, closes the searching request sign, and turns back to SHA3 and subsequent step thereof.If obtained the judgement negating in SHA7, then control flow enters SHA3 and subsequent step thereof.In above-mentioned control routine, SHA2, SHA4, SHA6 and SHA8 are corresponding to the operation of display part 160, and SHA3, SHA5 and SHA7 are corresponding to the operation of operation part 162.
Figure 30 is a flow chart, shows by the control section 206 performed command reception of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 to control, to receive the instruction of self-controller 152.The control routine of Figure 30 is to be repeated execution predetermined cycle time.
The control routine of Figure 30 judges whether the input inquiry instruction of receiving self-controller 152 from SHB1.If obtained the judgement negating in SHB1, then control flow enters into SHB5, judges whether to receive the idsplay order of self-controller 152.If obtained sure judgement in SHB1, then control flow enters into SHB2, judges whether the searching request sign is in open mode.If obtained sure judgement in SHB2, then control flow enters into SHB3, ID and the search sign on of expecting radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 is sent to controller 152, and finish current control routine.If obtained the judgement negating in SHB2, then control flow enters into SHB4, sends non-searching request instruction, just searches for END instruction, and finishes current control routine.If in SHB5, obtained sure judgement, that is to say, if slave controller 15 has received idsplay order, then control flow enters into SHB6, the information that receives according to slave controller 152 activates display part 160, provide the position that includes expectation position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 at interior label search view, and finish current control routine.If in SHB5, obtained the judgement negating, that is to say that if also there is not slave controller 152 to receive idsplay order, then control flow enters into SHB7, judge whether that slave controller 152 receives search instruction.If obtained sure judgement in SHB7, then control flow enters into SHB8, detects the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and enters into SHB9 then, the result of the search carried out among the SHB8 is sent to controller 152, and finish current control routine.If obtained the judgement negating in SHB7, then control flow enters into SHB10, carries out the operation of handling other instructions, and finishes current control routine.
In above-mentioned current embodiment, radio-frequency tag detecting system comprises transmission control section 246 (step SFX and SG), be used to control the transmission that sends signal, so that a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication device (112) and portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus (114) are with different separately sequential transmission signals.The time that sends signal share that transmission can prevent the transmission ripple that sends from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices (112) and the transmission signal that sends from portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus (114) between interfere.That is to say, this radio-frequency tag detecting system 110 allows the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that is positioned at the precalculated position is fully detected, prevent the transmission ripple that sends from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices (112) simultaneously effectively and the transmission ripple that sends from portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus (114) between interfere.For example, radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 is adhered to each that is arranged in such as a large amount of clauses and subclauses in the relatively large zones such as interior zone in office or library.Can manage a large amount of clauses and subclauses by the position of detecting respective radio-frequency label 14.
And then, do the comunication area of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus narrower than the comunication area of described a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices, so that can be by at first obtaining to expect the apparent position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 by a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112, and obtain to expect the accurate position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 then by portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, thereby detect expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 effectively.
And then, send control section 246 and controlling transmission timing, send to simultaneously in the overlapped zone, the sending area of wherein a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 sending signal so that prevent from the transmission signal of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.Interference between the transmission ripple that this structure has prevented to send from a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 effectively.
And then portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 has identification label, the feasible position that can detect portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 by a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.
And then, radio-frequency tag detecting system comprises judgment part 248 (step S4), is used to judge whether the identification label 14 ' and the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to be detected that are positioned on the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 are positioned at one of comunication area of a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112.This structure allows to detect the relative position between portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 and the radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to be detected.
And then, send the transmission of control section 246 controls from the transmission signal of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, therefore only after obtaining sure judgement, just send signal by judgment part 248.Therefore, by at first operating a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 to obtain expecting the apparent position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, and operate portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 then to obtain expecting the accurate position of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, can detect expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 effectively.
And then portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 comprises importation 162 (step SHA3, SHA5 and SHA7), is used for manually specifying radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to be detected.Therefore, only need the user to operate portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, be positioned at the expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 of presumptive area with accurate detection.
And then portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 comprises display part 160 (step SHA2, SHA4, SHA6 and SHA8), the direction that is used to indicate radio-frequency (RF) tag wherein to be detected 14 to be positioned at.Display part 160 allows visually to detect the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
And then portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 comprises that the sound that plays pointer device 164 (step SG) effect generates equipment, is used for providing predetermined indication when obtaining sure judgement by judgment part 246.This indication make the user can confirm radio-frequency (RF) tag to be detected 14 be positioned at portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 near.
And then portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 comprises a plurality of antenna elements 176, and the directivity control section 186 that is used to control a plurality of antenna element directivity.Directivity control section 186 allows to detect effectively and accurately the position of expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.
Although at length told about the preferred embodiments of the present invention above with reference to the accompanying drawings, be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to these preferred embodiments, but other avatars can be arranged.
Although the above embodiments have used single portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 to be used for detecting expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, embodiments of the invention are not limited to this embodiment.For example, can provide a plurality of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 to detect radio-frequency (RF) tag 14.In this case, a plurality of users of this system can detect a plurality of radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 that are positioned at presumptive area more fully.
In the aforementioned embodiment, a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication devices 112 with 3 * 4 matrix distribution in cell 234, as shown in figure 19.But, static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 also can be for example distributes according to as shown in Figure 31 pattern, so that adjacent portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 112 is positioned on the leg-of-mutton position of having determined as shown in plan view.This structure not only can allow to increase the whole comunication area that is provided by same a plurality of static radio-frequency tag communication device, and, can prevent to send the interference between the ripple by with three different sequential (include from portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 transmission timing in four interior different sequential) transmission ripple.
Although the controller of mentioning in the structure of previous embodiment 152 is what to separate with static radio-frequency (RF) tag letter equipment 112, the function that the structure of any one static radio-frequency tag communication device 112 can implementation controller 152.Under the optional situation, the function that the structure of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 can implementation controller 152.
In the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 in the aforementioned embodiment, operation part 162 is what to separate with display part 160.But, portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 also can have the touch-type display, can specify the expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag by this display is carried out touch operation, and this display direction of having indicated expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to be positioned at.
In the aforementioned embodiment, when portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 was positioned near expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14, the sound of portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114 generates equipment 164 can provide predetermined sound.But, sound generates equipment 164 can provide suitable sound, is removed the very long segment distance of distance expectation radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to show portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114.
Data Base for example can be stored in the portable radio-frequency tag communication apparatus 114, tells about with the memory location of the Data Base of the item list that makes things convenient for the clauses and subclauses management although previous embodiment has not been pasted radio-frequency (RF) tag 14 to expression.
Be appreciated that those skilled in the art can change and embodies it by the present invention being carried out various other, only otherwise depart from spiritual purport of the present invention and scope.

Claims (10)

1. radio-frequency tag communication device is used for the transmission signal is sent towards radio-frequency (RF) tag (14), and receives the return signal that the response of sending from radio-frequency (RF) tag sends signal, communicates with radio-frequency (RF) tag being used for, and described radio-frequency tag communication device comprises:
Send control section (40), be used for synchronously controlling the sending direction of described transmission signal, overlap with the comunication area that prevents described radio-frequency tag communication device and the sending area of another radio-frequency tag communication device, and
Be used to send a plurality of antenna elements of signal,
Wherein said transmission control section (40) treats that by control the phase place of each the transmission signal that sends by described a plurality of antenna elements controls the sending direction that sends signal, thereby changes the described comunication area.
2. radio-frequency tag communication device as claimed in claim 1, further comprise radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part (48), be used to judge and just in the described comunication area of described radio-frequency tag communication device, whether have any radio-frequency (RF) tag (14) that communicates with described another radio-frequency tag communication device, and wherein when described radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part obtained sure judgement, described transmission control section (40) restriction sent the transmission of signal.
3. radio-frequency tag communication device as claimed in claim 2, wherein when described radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part (48) obtains sure judgement, described transmission control section (40) control sends the sending direction of signal, to change the sending area of described radio-frequency tag communication device.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described radio-frequency tag communication devices, further comprise a plurality of antenna elements that are used for receiving described return signal from described radio-frequency (RF) tag (14), and receiving control section (42), it controls the receive direction of return signal via the phase place of each return signal that described a plurality of antenna element received by control.
5. radio-frequency tag communication device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said transmission control section (40) is used to control the amplitude for the treatment of from each transmission signal of described a plurality of antenna elements transmissions, and described reception control section (42) is used to control the amplitude of each return signal that receives via described a plurality of antenna elements.
6. radio-frequency tag communication device as claimed in claim 4, wherein being used for described radio-frequency (RF) tag communication judgment part (48) and carrying out the described comunication area of the described radio-frequency tag communication device of described judgement, is that the described recipient according to the described return signal of being controlled by described reception control section (42) always determines.
7. radio-frequency tag communication device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said transmission control section (40) control treat to send by described a plurality of antenna elements each send the phase place of signal, so that it is consistent with the receive direction of return signal to send the sending direction of signal, wherein said a plurality of antenna elements are used to send described transmission signal.
8. radio-frequency tag communication device as claimed in claim 4, wherein said reception control section (42) control is by the phase place of each return signal that described a plurality of antenna element received, so that the receive direction of return signal is consistent with the sending direction that sends signal.
9. radio-frequency tag communication device as claimed in claim 1 further comprises radio-frequency (RF) tag position detection part (50), is used to detect the position of the radio-frequency (RF) tag (14) that exists in the described comunication area of described radio-frequency tag communication device.
10. a radio-frequency tag communication system comprises a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices, and wherein each radio-frequency tag communication device all makes up according to the qualification of claim 1,
Wherein the described transmission control section (40) of a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices is synchronously determined the sending direction of transmission signal synchronized with each other, thereby the comunication area that prevents described a plurality of radio-frequency tag communication devices overlaps.
CN2005800153434A 2004-05-13 2005-04-06 Radio-frequency tag communication device, radio-frequency tag communication system Expired - Fee Related CN1954507B (en)

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JP2004143523A JP4281616B2 (en) 2004-05-13 2004-05-13 Radio tag communication system and radio tag communication apparatus
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JP2004278715A JP4239943B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2004-09-27 Wireless tag detection system
PCT/JP2005/006794 WO2005112288A1 (en) 2004-05-13 2005-04-06 Radio tag communication device, radio tag communication system, and radio tag detection system

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