CN1925763A - 具有织物鞋面的鞋类产品 - Google Patents
具有织物鞋面的鞋类产品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种鞋类产品和制造所述鞋类产品的方法。所述鞋类产品可以包括鞋面和鞋底结构。所述鞋面结合带有边缘的织物部件,所述边缘结合到一起以界定用于容纳足部的至少部分空间。所述织物部件还可以具有带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域。所述第一区域由第一缝合结构形成,所述第二区域由不同于第一缝合结构的第二缝合结构形成以对织物部件的表面赋予可变的纹理。不同的经线编织法或是纬线编织法可以用于形成所述织物部件。
Description
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及鞋类。此发明尤其涉及结合了至少部分由织物材料形成的鞋面的鞋类产品。
背景技术描述
常规的运动鞋类产品包括鞋面和鞋底结构两个主要部件。鞋面提供对足部的包覆层,其相对于鞋底结构安全地容纳并定位足部。此外,鞋面可以具有保护足部并提供通气的结构,从而使足部冷却并排除汗液。鞋底结构被固定到鞋面的下表面并通常位于足部和地面之间。除了缓冲地面反作用力以及吸收能量(即,给予缓冲),鞋底结构可以提供附着摩擦力并控制潜在地有害的足部运动,诸如过内旋。因此,鞋面和鞋底结构协同操作以提供适用于广泛的诸如走路和跑步等步行运动的舒适结构。常规鞋面的通常特征和结构在下文更加详细的讨论。
鞋面形成用于容纳足部的在鞋类内部的空间。所述空间具有足部的通常形状,并通过脚踝开口提供对此空间的进入。因此,鞋面遍布足部的脚背和足尖区域,沿着足部的外侧面和内侧面,并围绕足部的足跟区延伸。鞋带系统通常结合到鞋面中以选择性地增加脚踝开口的大小并允许穿着者改变鞋面的某些尺寸,尤其是周长,以给双脚提供可变的尺寸。此外,鞋面可以包括在鞋带系统下延伸的鞋舌以增强穿着者的舒适,并且鞋面可以包括足跟后帮以限制足跟的运动。
在制造鞋面中可以使用不同的材料。例如,运动鞋类产品的鞋面可以由包括外层、中间层、和内层的多材料层制成。形成鞋面外层的材料可以根据,例如耐磨性、可弯曲性、和透气性的特性而选择。至于外层,足尖区和足跟区可以由皮革、合成皮革、或橡胶材料制成以赋予相对高程度的耐磨性。皮革、合成皮革、和橡胶材料可能不呈现所需程度的可弯曲性和透气性。因此,鞋面外层的不同其它区域可以由合成或天然织物制成。因此,鞋面外层可以由许多材料部件制成,所述每一部件赋予鞋面的特定部分以不同特性。
鞋面的中间层可以由轻质聚合物泡沫材料制成,其提供缓冲并保护足部不受可接触鞋面的物体的损伤。类似的,鞋面内层可以由从紧密围绕足部的区域排汗的吸湿灯芯(moisture-wicking)织物制成。在一些运动鞋类产品中,不同层可以由粘合剂连接,缝合可以用于在单独层内连接部件,或用于强化鞋面的特定区域。
即使为鞋面选择的材料显著不同,织物材料经常形成至少部分外层和内层。织物可以定义为任何来自以可弯曲性、细度、和长度对厚度的高比率来描述特征的纤维、纤丝、或纱线的产品。织物通常分为两个种类。第一种类包括由纤丝或纤维的织品通过任意连结以构成非编织的纤维物和毡而直接制造的织物。第二种类包括通过例如机械操作纱线,从而产生编织的纤维物而形成的织物。
纱线是用于形成第二种织物的原材料。通常,纱线定义为具有基本长度和相对小的横截面积的组件,其由至少一个纤丝或多个纤维制成。纤维具有相对短的长度并需要纺纱或编织步骤以产生用于织物使用的适合长度的纱线。纤维的通常例子是棉线和羊毛。但是,纤丝具有不确定的长度,并可以仅结合其它纤丝以产生适用于织物使用的纱线。现代的纤丝包括主要带有丝的多种合成材料,诸如人造纤维、尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯酸,天然的除外。纱线可以由单纤丝制成,其通常被称之为单纤丝纱线,或由组合在一起的多个单独的纤丝制成。纱线还可以包括由不同材料制成的分离的纤丝,或纱线可以包括各由两种或更多材料制成的多种纤丝。相似的概念还应用到由纤维形成的纱线。因此纱线可以具有通常符合以上提供的定义的多种结构。
用于将纱线机械操作成织物的不同技术包括交织(interweaving)、缠结(intertwining)和编织(twisting)、以及互相圈结(interlooping)。交织是两条纱线的交叉,其以直角度彼此横穿和交织。被用于交织中的纱线通常称为经线和纬线。缠结和编织包括诸如编织和打结等的步骤,此处纱线彼此缠结以形成织物。互相圈结包括多个互相啮合的线圈列的形成,互相圈结的最普通方法是编织(knitting)。
用于鞋类的鞋面中的织物通常提供可弯曲的并舒适地容纳足部的轻质、透气结构。为了对鞋类赋予其它特性,包括持久性和抗伸展性,额外的材料通常与织物结合,例如包括皮革、合成皮革、或橡胶。至于持久性,Zaino的美国专利号US4,447,967公开了由织物材料形成的鞋面,所述织物材料具有被注射到特定区域中的聚合物材料以强化抵抗磨损或其它形式磨损的区域。至于抗伸展性,Brown的美国专利号US4,813,158和Boggia的4,756,098二者公开了固定到鞋面的基本不可伸展的材料,从而限制鞋面特定部分的伸展程度。
从制造的角度,使用多种材料以对鞋类产品赋予不同特性可能是无效率的实践。例如,用于常规鞋面的不同材料通常不来自单独的供应商。因此,生产条件必须协调多个供应商的材料的特定数量的收据,所述供商可能具有不同的商业习惯或可以位于不同区域或国家。不同材料还可以需要额外的机械和不同的组装线技术以剪切或以其它方式制备用于结合到鞋类中的材料。此外,将分开的材料结合到鞋面中可能包括需要多个工人的多个不同生产步骤。除了织物,使用多种材料还可以减损鞋类的呼吸能力。例如皮革、合成皮革、或橡胶通常是不透气的。因此,将皮革、合成皮革、或橡胶置于鞋面外部上可以阻止穿过鞋面的空气流,从而增加在鞋面内并围绕足部截留的汗液、水蒸汽和热量的数量。
发明概述
本发明是鞋类产品的鞋面,所述鞋面结合例如以编织机形成的织物部件。在此发明的一个方面,所述织物部件具有边缘,所述边缘连接在一起以界定用于容纳足部的至少部分空间。所述发明的另一方面,所述织物部件具有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域。所述第一区域由第一缝合结构形成,所述第二区域由不同于第一缝合结构的第二缝合结构形成以对织物部件的表面赋予变化的纹理。编织机可以具有一种结构,其通过或经线编织或是纬线编织形成织物部件。
发明的另一方面包括制造鞋类产品的方法。所述方法包括例如以圆形编织机机械地操作纱线以形成圆柱形织物结构的步骤。此外,所述方法包括从织物结构移除至少一个织物部件,以及将织物部件结合到鞋类产品的鞋面中。
在所述发明的另一方面,鞋类产品具有鞋面和固定到所述鞋面的鞋底结构。所述鞋面结合由编织机形成的织物部件。所述织物部件从包括织物部件轮廓的织物结构移除,织物部件具有边缘,其结合在一起以定义用于容纳足部的至少部分空间。
描述本发明特性的新颖性的优点和特征被所附权利要求特性指出。但是,为了获得对于新颖性的特征和优点的更好的理解,可以参考以下说明内容和附图,其描述和图示了涉及所述发明的不同实施方式和概念。
附图说明
前述发明概述,以及如下的发明详细说明,当结合附图阅读的时候将更好的被理解。
图1是具有根据本发明鞋面的鞋类产品的侧视图。
图2是鞋面的侧视图。
图3是鞋面的顶部平面视图。
图4是鞋面的后视图。
图5是鞋面的底部平面视图。
图6是鞋面的第一横截面视图,如由图2中剖面线6-6定义的。
图7是鞋面的第二横截面视图,如由图2中剖面线7-7定义的。
图8是形成至少部分鞋面的织物部件的平面视图。
图9是结合两个织物部件的织物结构的透视图。
图10是另一织物部件的平面视图。
图11是又另一织物部件的平面视图。
图12是具有根据本发明鞋面的另一鞋类产品的侧视图。
图13是具有根据本发明鞋面的又另一鞋类产品的侧视图。
图14是图13中描述的鞋类的横截面视图,如由剖面线14-14定义的。
发明的详细描述
以下讨论和附图公开了根据本发明的鞋类产品10和制造鞋类10的方法,或其部件。鞋类10在附图中被描述并在以下讨论为具有适于尤其是跑步的体育运动的结构。但是,涉及鞋类10的所公开的概念可以应用到专门为各种其它体育运动而设计的鞋类的类型,所述运动包括例如篮球、棒球、足球、橄榄球、走路、和徒步旅行,并还可以用于各种非运动鞋类类型。因此,相关领域技术人员将认识到本文所公开的概念可以用于宽范围的鞋类的类型,并不限于下文讨论的和附图描述的特定实施方式。
鞋类10的主要部件在图1中被描述为鞋底结构20和鞋面30。鞋底结构20被固定到鞋面30的下部分并提供持久、耐磨的部件,当鞋10冲击地面的时候,所述部件提供缓冲。鞋面30至少部分地由织物部件40形成,其界定了用于舒适容纳足部并将足部相对于鞋底结构20固定于一位置的内部空间。而织物部件40的不同边缘被固定在一起以形成鞋面30的形状。在一些实施方式中,织物部件40可以基本形成所有鞋面30,或织物部件40可以只形成部分鞋面。
鞋底结构20通常具有包括鞋底夹层21和鞋外底22的常规结构。鞋底夹层21被固定到鞋面30的下部分并由聚合物泡沫材料制成,诸如乙基乙烯基醋酸酯和聚亚安酯。因此,当鞋底结构20冲击地面的时候,鞋底夹层21削减地面反作用力并吸收能量(即提供缓冲)。为了增强鞋底结构20的力的削减和能量吸收特性,鞋底夹层21可以结合流体充注囊,如Rudy的美国专利号US 4,183,156和4,219,945公开的。可选地或组合,鞋底夹层21可以结合多个离散的柱形的支撑部件,如Kilgore等人的美国专利号US5,343,639和5,353,523公开的。鞋外底22被固定到鞋底夹层21的下表面并可以由碳黑橡胶化合物制成,以提供用于啮合地面的持久的、耐磨的表面。鞋外底22还可以结合有纹理的下表面以增强鞋类10的附着摩擦力特性。此外,鞋类10可以包括鞋内底(未描述),其是用于增强鞋10的舒适,相对薄的、位于鞋面30内并靠近足部的足底表面的缓冲部件。
上文将鞋底结构20描述为具有用于运动鞋类的常规鞋底结构的部件。其它鞋类类型,例如包括时装鞋和靴子,可以具有专门剪裁的,用于与各自鞋类的类型一起使用的其它类型的常规鞋底结构。但是,除了常规结构,鞋底结构20还可以呈现为独特的、非常规的结构。因此,鞋底结构20的详细结构在本发明范围内可以显著变化,以包括常规的或非常规的广泛的结构。
鞋面30在图2-7中被描述为具有外侧区域31、相对的内侧区域32、脚背区域33、下区域34、和足跟区域35。外侧区域31通过鞋类10的纵向长度延伸并通常设计为接触并覆盖足部的外侧面。内侧区域32具有通常对应于足部内侧面的类似结构。脚背区域33置于外侧区域31和内侧区域32之间的位置,以及脚背区域33遍布足部的脚背区域延伸。下区域34形成鞋面30的底部表面并也通过鞋类10的纵向长度延伸。足跟区域35形成鞋面30的后部分并通常设计为接触并覆盖足部的足跟区。此外,外侧区域31、内侧区域32、脚背区域33、和足跟区域35协同界定了踝开口36,用于对足部提供进入鞋面30内的空间的入口。
鞋面30至少部分地由织物部件40形成,其形成区域31-35,并还可以包括鞋带或与用于鞋类的常规鞋面关联的其它部件。织物部件40是单独的材料部件,其被成型以呈现整体(即,单体)结构,并且织物部件40被成型或以其它方式成型为围绕足部延伸。如在图2-7中所描述的,织物部件40既形成鞋面30的内表面也形成其外表面。织物部件40可以形成为较大织物部件的一部分。然后织物部件40从较大织物部件移出,织物部件40的不同边缘被固定在一起以形成鞋面30的形状。因此,当织物部件的边缘连接时,形成多个接缝51-54。接缝51沿着下区域34的纵向长度延伸并相对于外侧区域31和内侧区域32居中放置。接缝52也居中放置并沿着足跟区域35向上延伸。接缝53位于鞋面30的足前区并将下区域34的部分与外侧区域31和内侧区域32二者相连。此外,接缝54位于鞋面30的后部区域并将下区域34与足跟区域35相连。
织物部件40在形成接缝51-54之前呈现为图8中描述的大体形状。但是,形成接缝51-54之后,织物部件40呈现为图2-7中描述的鞋面30的形状。接缝51-54通过将织物部件40的不同边缘固定在一起而形成。更加详细的,(1)接缝51通过将边缘41a与边缘41b固定而形成;(2)接缝52通过将边缘42a与边缘42b固定而形成;(3)接缝53的第一部分通过将边缘43a与边缘43b固定而形成;(4)接缝53的第二部分通过将边缘43c与边缘43d固定而形成;(5)接缝54的第一部分通过将边缘44a与边缘44b固定而形成;(6)接缝54的第二部分通过将边缘44c与边缘44d固定而形成。参考图8,区域31-35和脚踝开口36的位置被标识以提供关于织物部件40的不同部分的参考系。
为了连接边缘41a和41b以形成接缝51,织物部件40被折叠或以其它方式重叠,使得边缘41a被置于靠近边缘41b的位置。例如,缝合、粘合剂、加热粘合然后就被用于固定边缘41a和边缘41b。如图8中所描述的织物部件40具有通常的平面结构。但是,一旦形成接缝51,织物部件40的一部分就重叠于织物部件40的另一部分。重叠部分之间的体积有效地形成用于容纳足部的鞋面30内的空间的一部分。
折叠或重叠织物部件40以形成接缝51,将边缘42a置于靠近边缘42b的位置,其有利于接缝52的形成。参照图8,在织物部件40中边缘45形成大体U型的区域。一旦连接边缘42a和42b形成接缝52,U型区域成为织物部件40中的孔并有效地形成脚踝开口36。各个边缘43a-43d和边缘44a-44d是由织物部件40的大体V型的区域形成。因此,接缝53和54可以通过闭合V型的区域并将不同边缘固定在一起而形成。
随着每个接缝51-54的形成,鞋面30的制造基本完成。可以进行不同的修整(finishing)步骤,例如,诸如强化脚踝开口36。然后鞋面30(即,织物部件40)用例如粘合剂被固定到鞋底结构20。然后鞋内底被置于鞋面30内的空间中并靠近下区域34。在一些实施方式中,不同的强化部件可以被添加到鞋面20的外或内表面以便限制鞋面20的伸展程度或提供增强的耐磨性。此外,鞋带系统可以被添加以提供可调节性。
织物部件40是带有整体结构的单独材料部件,如上所讨论的。如为用于本发明的目的所定义的,整体结构被用于表达一种结构,其中织物部件的部分没有通过接缝或其它连接而连接在一起,如图8中所描述的织物部件40。即使不同的边缘41a-44d被连接在一起以形成接缝51-54,但如下文论述的,织物部件40的不同部分被成型为不带有接缝的整体部件。
织物部件40主要由一种或更多纱线制成,所述纱线例如通过或交织、缠结和编织,或互相圈结方法被机械操作。如以上发明背景部分讨论的,交织是两条纱线的交叉,其以直角角度彼此横穿和交织。被用于交织中的纱线通常称之为经线和纬线。缠结和编织包括诸如编织和打结等步骤,此处纱线彼此缠结以形成织物。互相圈结包括多个互相啮合的线圈列的形成,互相圈结的最普通方法是编织。因此,织物部件40由用于制造织物的这些方法之一制成。
各种机械的方法已经被开发以制造织物。通常,机械方法可以被分类为或是经线编织或纬线编织。关于经线编织,可以用于制造织物的不同的特定亚类包括经编织物、拉歇尔经编织物(raschel)、双针床拉歇尔经编织物(double needle-bar raschel)(其还包括拉双针床提花拉歇尔经编织物)。关于纬线编织,可以用于制造织物的不同的特定亚类包括圆筒形编织和平面编织。圆筒形编织的不同类型包括短袜编织(小直径筒(narrowtube)),身体衣服(无接缝或宽筒),以及提花编织。
织物部件40可以通过以上讨论的任一种机械方法制成。因此,织物部件40可以在经线编织机或纬线编织机上形成。用于形成织物部件40的一种适合的编织机是宽筒(wide tube)圆筒形编织提花机。另一种适合用于形成织物部件40的编织机是宽筒圆筒形编织机,其在Lonati Group由意大利的Santoni S.p.A制造,型号为SM8 TOP1。这种Santoni S.p.A宽筒圆筒形编织机可以形成的织物结构具有的直径范围从10英寸到20英寸,每个直径8次喂纱(feed)。所述机械呈现为对于10英寸直径每分钟最大140转,和对于13英寸直径每分钟最大120转。此外,机械规格在每英寸16、22、24、26、28和32针之间变化,以及其适用于各种范围从48到75的针规格。
如Santoni S.p.A制造的宽筒圆筒形编织机通常形成圆柱形织物结构并能够在单独织物结构内形成不同类型的缝合。通常,宽筒圆筒形编织机可以编程为通过针的选择改变织物结构上的设计。也就是说,在织物结构的各位置上形成的缝合类型可以通过编程宽筒圆筒形编织机而选择,如此特定的针或接受或不接受各个缝合位置的纱线。以这种方法,可以选择性地和目的性地赋予织物结构不同的图案、纹理或设计。
图9中描述了可以用宽筒圆筒形编织机制造的织物结构60的一个实施例。织物结构60具有大体圆柱形的结构,并且缝合类型遍布织物结构60而变化,使得以织物部件40的轮廓形成图案。也就是说,织物结构60内的缝合的差别形成带有织物部件40的形状和比率的轮廓。
Santoni S.p.A的宽筒圆筒形编织机可以形成的织物结构具有范围从10英寸到16英寸的直径,如以上讨论的。假设织物结构60呈现10英寸的直径,织物结构60的圆周就近似为31英寸。在许多情况下,织物部件40的总宽度将近似为12英寸,根据鞋类10的尺寸。因此,至少两个织物部件40的轮廓可在织物结构60上形成。参考图9,织物部件40的轮廓被描述在织物结构60的前部分上,并且另一织物结构40的轮廓被描述在织物结构60的后部分上。因此,第一织物部件40和第二织物部件40可以同时在单一的织物结构60中形成。但是,当织物部件60的直径增加或织物部件40的宽度减少时,甚至是更大量的织物部件40可以在织物结构60上被勾勒出轮廓。
织物结构60可以用宽筒圆筒形编织机制造,如以上讨论的。形成织物结构60的缝合类型可以是变化的以在织物结构60上形成一个或更多织物部件40的轮廓。也就是说,宽筒圆筒形编织机可以编程以形成织物结构60中不同类型的缝合以便描绘一个或更多织物部件40的轮廓。然后各个织物部件40用冲切、激光切割、或其它常规切割操作从织物结构60移去。一旦织物部件40从织物结构60移去,接缝51-54可以形成并且织物部件40可以结合到鞋10中。
形成织物部件40的纱线通常可以定义为具有基本长度和相对小的横截面的组件,其由至少一纤丝或多个纤维制成。纤维具有相对短的长度并需要纺纱或编织步骤以产生使用于互相圈结法中的适合长度的纱线。纤维的通常例子是棉线和羊毛。但是,纤丝具有不确定的长度,并可以仅结合其它纤丝以产生使用于互相圈结法中的适合的纱线。现代的纤丝包括主要带有丝的多种合成材料,诸如人造纤维、尼龙、聚酯、聚丙烯酸,天然的除外。纱线可以由单纤丝(通常被称为单纤丝纱线)或多个单独的纤丝制成。纱线还可以由不同材料制成的分离的纤丝而形成,或纱线可以由多种纤丝形成,所述纤丝的每一种由两种或更多不同材料制成。相似的概念还应用到由纤维形成的纱线。因此纱线可以具有在本发明范围内的各种结构,其通常符合以上提供的定义。
为了对鞋面30,尤其是织物部件40提供伸展和恢复特性,可以使用结合弹性纤维的纱线。弹性纤维从E.I.duPont de Nemours Company的商标为LYCRA的产品购得。这样的纤维可以具有包含LYCRA的结构,其中所述纤维包括由尼龙外壳包围的LYCRA核。一种适合的纱线,例如包括70但尼尔的弹性核,其被具有2层、80但尼尔、92纤丝结构的尼龙覆盖。其它呈现弹性特性得纤维或纤丝也可以使用。
如上所讨论的,结合弹性纤维的纱线适用于织物部件40。多种其它纱线,无论是弹性的或无弹性的,也适用于织物结构40。选择用于织物部件40的纱线的特性主要根据形成不同纤丝和纤维的材料。例如,棉线提供柔软手感、自然美学的、和生物可降解性。如上所述的弹性纤维提供基本的伸展和可恢复性。尼龙提供高光泽和湿气吸收。羊毛除了绝缘特性也提供高度的湿气吸收。聚四氟乙烯覆盖层可以提供在织物和皮肤之间的低摩擦接触。尼龙是高强度的持久性和抗磨损的材料。最后,聚酯是也提供相对高耐久性的疏水材料。因此,包括纱线的材料可以被选择以赋予织物部件40各种物理特性,并且所述物理特性可以包括,例如强度、伸展性、支撑性、舒适性、复原性、舒适以及形式。
织物部件40被描述为具有通常的平滑、无变化的缝合结构。也就是说,相似的缝合被遍布织物部件40使用以对织物部件40的不同部分赋予共同的纹理。但是,如上所述,宽筒圆筒形编织机通常能够在单织物结构内形成不同类型的缝合。因此,宽筒圆筒形编织机可以改变织物部件40内的缝合以产生不同的,例如图案、设计、或纹理。不同类型的缝合也可以用其它类型的编织机制造。参照图10,带有织物部件40的通常形状的织物部件40’被描述为具有带有不同纹理的不同区域。例如,对应于脚背区域33的中心区具有通常是平滑的第一纹理46’。此外,织物部件40’包括第二纹理47’,其是多个纵向的凸纹。结合到鞋类10中的时候,所述凸纹将沿着外侧区域31和内侧区域32纵向延伸,以及所述凸纹可以延伸到足跟区域35中。凸纹例如可以呈现为用于美学的目的,或可以影响鞋面20的伸展特性。因此,织物部件40’呈现单独织物材料部件中的带有不同纹理的区域。
许多传统的鞋类产品结合带有各自呈现不同特性的不同材料部件的鞋面。例如,第一材料部件可以是平滑的、以及第二材料部件可以是有纹理的。然后第一和第二材料部件可以缝合在一起以形成常规鞋面的部分。织物部件40’也呈现平滑的和有纹理的区域。但是,与常规鞋面相比,第一纹理46’和第二纹理47’结合到单独的整体织物部件中,而不是被缝合的或以其它方式连接在一起的两个分开的部件。
织物结构40”在图11中被描述并具有织物部件40和织物部件40’二者的通常形状。织物部件40”包括带有三种不同纹理的区域。第一纹理46”通常是平滑的并具有不同的带结构,所述带穿过对应于外侧区域31、内侧区域32、和脚背区域33的区域横向延伸。织物部件40”的不同部分还包括第二纹理47”,其与第一纹理46”相比通常是粗糙的。此外,织物部件40”对应于脚背区域33的区域包括第三纹理48”。不同的纹理46”-48”仅由变化的缝合类型形成,所述缝合类型由宽筒圆筒形编织机在织物部件40”的各位置制造。纹理46”-48”可以呈现美学的差别性,或所述差别是结构的。例如,带有纹理46”-48”的区域中的伸展程度可以是不同的,或者所述区域的耐磨性根据使用的缝合可以改变。织物部件40”的透气性在不同的区域也可以变化。第三纹理48”被成型以包括穿过织物部件40”延伸的多个孔。在宽筒圆筒形编织法过程中,通过在特定位置省略缝合可以形成所述孔,此孔便于鞋面20内的空间和鞋面20的外区域之间的空气传递。因此,在织物部件40”,或织物部件40或40’之一中形成的不同的缝合可用于改变鞋类10在单独、整体部件材料内的纹理、物理特性,或美学特性。
除了改变缝合类型以形成纹理46’-47’和46”-48”,在织物部件40’和40”的不同区域中使用的纱线类型可以被改变以赋予不同特性。如上所述,纱线可以由例如棉线、羊毛、弹性纤维、人造纤维、尼龙和聚酯形成。这些纱线的每一类型可以对相应于纹理46’-47’和46”-48”的区域赋予不同特性。例如,弹性纤维可以用于赋予伸展性,羊毛可以用于绝缘,以及尼龙可以用于持久性。因此,不同的纱线类型可以用于赋予不同特性。可以用于形成带有不同特性(例如,纱线的特性、纹理等)的不同区域的编织类型可以显著变化以包括之前讨论的不同的经线编织和纬线编织法,例如,诸如经编织物、拉歇尔经编织物、双针床拉歇尔经编织物,圆筒形编织法,和平面编制法。
图12中描述鞋类产品110,且其包括鞋底结构120和鞋面130。鞋面130包括具有织物部件40的普通结构的织物部件140。如同织物部件40,织物部件140既形成鞋面130的外表面也形成鞋面130的内表面。此外,鞋面130包括鞋带131和多个部件132-135,其也形成外表面部分。鞋带131通过形成于织物部分140中的多个孔延伸。通过在特定位置省略缝合,所述孔可以被形成。部件132位于鞋110的前脚区的位置并可以由例如皮革或橡胶制成,以提供额外的耐磨性。部件133围绕脚踝开口延伸以增强并限制脚踝开口区域中的伸展。部件134围绕足跟区域延伸以阻遏足跟的移动并将足跟定位在鞋底结构120之上。此外,部件135基本上是不可伸展的诸如皮革或合成皮革等的材料带,其限制了鞋类110外侧面上的伸展。尽管鞋面30几乎排他性地由织物部件40构成,鞋面130还包括鞋带131和部件132-135。因此,根据本发明的鞋面可以结合多个附加部件。
另一鞋类产品210在图13-14中被描述并包括鞋底结构220和鞋面230。鞋面230包括形成外层的织物部件240。此外,鞋面230包括中间层250和外层260。如在以上发明背景部分所述的,常规鞋类产品的鞋面可以由包括外层、中间层、和内层的多材料层制成。形成鞋面外层的材料可以根据例如耐磨性、可弯曲性、和透气性等特性而选择。鞋面的中间层可以由轻质聚合物泡沫材料制成,其提供缓冲并保护足部不受可以接触鞋面的物体的损害。类似的,鞋面外层可以由吸湿灯芯织物制成,其从紧密围绕足部的区域排汗。
鞋面230具有类似于使用了不同材料层的常规鞋面结构的结构。但是,与常规鞋面比较,内层由织物部件240构成,其通过上述方法被生产。也就是说,织物部件240是形成鞋面230内层的单独织物部件。使用织物部件240用于内层的优点在于织物部件240包括少数几个可以接触足部的接缝。此外,用于织物部件240不同位置的缝合可以改变鞋面230的内表面的纹理,从而限制足部和鞋面230之间发生的滑动的程度,或增强鞋面230在特定位置的透气性。
不同的经线编织或纬线编织法可被用于形成织物部件40,或以上所述的不同的其它织物部件。这种方法的优点在于不同的缝合可以结合到织物部件40的特定位置中以改变织物部件40的物理特性或美学。尽管常规鞋面包括缝合或粘合地连接的不同部件,织物部件40是单独的、整体的部件材料。从制造的观点,使用多种材料以赋予鞋类产品不同的特性可能是无效率的实践。但是,通过将织物部件40成型为单独的整体的部件材料,由于鞋面20可以包括单独的织物部件,而不是许多连接部件,效率被增加。
各种编织方法可以用于形成织物部件40,如上所述。作为特定的实施例,双针床提花拉歇尔经编织机可以用于形成平面织物结构,并也可以用于形成织物结构以具有间隔网状织物的结构。不同于织物结构60,其通常呈现为的圆柱形的结构,以双针床提花拉歇尔经编织机形成的织物结构将具有平坦结构。但是,类似于织物结构60,织物部件的轮廓可以被赋予以双针床提花拉歇尔经编织机形成的织物结构。也就是说,织物结构内缝合的差别可以形成带有所需织物部件的形状和比例的轮廓。因此,织物部件可以从织物结构中移去并结合到鞋类10中。此外,双针床提花拉歇尔经编织机可以用于对织物部件赋予不同纹理、不同特性、或不同纱线类型。类似的,其它类型的编织,诸如平面编织可以在本发明范围内被使用以对织物部件赋予不同纹理、不同特性、或不同纱线。
参考不同实施方式,本发明在上文和附图中被公开。但是,所述公开的目的是提供涉及所述发明的不同特征和概念的实施例,而不是限制发明的范围。相关领域技术人员将认识到可以对以上描述的实施方式做许多变化和修改而不偏离如所附权利要求所定义的本发明的范围。
Claims (67)
1.一种鞋类产品,其包括:
一鞋面,其包括通过纬线编织法制成的一织物部件,所述织物部件具有连接在一起以界定用于容纳足部的至少一部分空间的边缘;以及
一鞋底结构,其固定到所述鞋面。
2.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件形成所述鞋面的外侧面、内侧面、和脚背区域的至少一部分。
3.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述诸边缘包括一对第一边缘,其被连接以形成沿着所述鞋面的下部区域纵向延伸的第一接缝。
4.如权利要求3所述的鞋类产品,其中所述诸边缘包括一对第二边缘,其被连接以形成沿着所述鞋面的足跟区域延伸的第二接缝。
5.如权利要求4所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第二接缝垂直延伸。
6.如权利要求4所述的鞋类产品,其中所述诸边缘包括至少一对第三边缘,其被连接以形成沿着所述鞋面的足前区域延伸的第三接缝。
7.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件具有带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域由第一缝合类型形成,以及所述第二区域由不同于所述第一缝合类型的第二缝合类型形成,以对所述织物部件表面赋予变化的纹理。
8.如权利要求7所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第一缝合类型对所述第一区域提供基本光滑的纹理。
9.如权利要求8所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第二缝合类型对所述第二区域提供基本粗糙的纹理。
10.如权利要求7所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第一缝合类型和所述第二缝合类型的至少之一在所述织物部件中形成孔。
11.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件是所述鞋面的一外层、一中间层、和一内层之一。
12.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述鞋面包括一外层、一中间层、和一内层,并且所述织物部件形成所述内层的至少一部分。
13.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物层形成所述鞋面的外表面和内表面两者的至少一部分。
14.如权利要求13所述的鞋类产品,其中至少一个附加部件被固定到所述外表面并形成所述外表面的一部分。
15.如权利要求14所述的鞋类产品,其中所述附加部件被固定到所述鞋面的足前区域。
16.如权利要求14所述的鞋类产品,其中所述附加部件被固定到所述鞋面的足跟区域。
17.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件形成所述鞋面的内表面。
18.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述纬线编织法是圆筒形编织。
19.如权利要求1所述的鞋类产品,其中所述纬线编织法是平面编织。
20.一种鞋类产品,其包括:
一鞋面,其包含一通过纬线编织法制造的织物部件,所述织物部件具有带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域由第一缝合结构形成,以及所述第二区域由不同于所述第一缝合结构的第二缝合结构形成,以对所述织物部件赋予不同的特性;以及
一鞋底结构,其固定到所述鞋面。
21.如权利要求20所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第一缝合结构对所述第一区域提供基本平滑的纹理,以及所述第二缝合结构对所述第二区域提供比所述平滑纹理较为粗糙的纹理。
22.如权利要求21所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第二缝合结构在所述第二区域中形成凸纹结构。
23.如权利要求20所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第一缝合结构和所述第二缝合结构中的至少一个在所述织物部件中形成一个孔。
24.如权利要求20所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件是所述鞋面的外层、中间层、和内层之一。
25.如权利要求20所述的鞋类产品,其中所述鞋面包括一外层、一中间层、和一内层,并且所述织物部件形成所述内层的至少一部分。
26.如权利要求20所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物层形成所述鞋面的内表面和外表面两者的至少一部分。
27.如权利要求20所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件形成所述鞋面的内表面。
28.一种鞋类产品,包括:
一鞋面,其包含一具有边缘的织物部件,所述边缘被连接到一起以形成接缝并界定用于容纳足部的空间的至少一部分,所述接缝包括第一接缝和第二接缝,所述第一接缝沿着所述鞋面的下表面从所述鞋的足跟区域延伸到足前区域,并且所述第二接缝在所述足跟区域垂直延伸;以及
一鞋底结构,其固定到所述鞋面。
29.如权利要求28所述的鞋类产品,其中所述鞋类包括通过所述鞋面的所述足前区域延伸的第三接缝。
30.如权利要求28所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件具有带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域由第一缝合类型形成,以及所述第二区域由不同于所述第一缝合类型的第二缝合类型形成,以对所述织物部件赋予不同的特性。
31.如权利要求30所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第一缝合类型和所述第二缝合类型中的至少一个在所述织物部件中形成孔。
32.如权利要求30所述的鞋类产品,其中所述不同特性包括所述织物部件的不同的弹性。
33.如权利要求30所述的鞋类产品,其中所述不同的特性包括所述织物部件的不同的透气性。
34.如权利要求28所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件是所述鞋面的外层、中间层、和内层之一。
35.如权利要求28所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物层形成所述鞋面的内表面和外表面两者的至少一部分。
36.如权利要求28所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物层形成所述鞋类的内表面,以及至少一个附加层形成所述鞋类的外表面。
37.如权利要求28所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件通过纬线编织工序制成。
38.如权利要求37所述的鞋类产品,其中所述的纬线编织法是圆筒形编织法和平面编织法之一。
39.如权利要求28所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件通过经线编织工序制成。
40.如权利要求39所述的鞋类产品,其中所述经线编织法是双针床提花拉歇尔经线编织法。
41.一种鞋类产品,其包括:
一鞋面,其包括有由编织机制成的织物部件,所述织物部件从包括所述织物部件轮廓的织物结构移去,以及所述织物部件具有连接到一起以界定用于容纳足部的空间的至少一部分的边缘;以及
一鞋底结构,其连接到所述鞋面。
42.如权利要求41所述的鞋类产品,其中所述编织机是宽筒圆筒形编织机。
43.如权利要求41所述的鞋类产品,其中所述编织机是双针床提花拉歇尔经线编织机。
44.如权利要求41所述的鞋类产品,其中所述诸边缘包括一对第一边缘,其被连接以形成沿着所述鞋面下部区域纵向延伸的第一接缝。
45.如权利要求44所述的鞋类产品,其中所述诸边缘包括一对第二边缘,其被连接以形成沿着所述鞋面的足跟区域延伸的第二接缝。
46.如权利要求45所述的鞋类产品,其中所述边缘包括至少一对第三边缘,其被连接以形成沿着所述鞋面的足前区域延伸的第二接缝。
47.如权利要求41所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件具有带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域由第一缝合类型形成,以及所述第二区域由不同于所述第一缝合类型的第二缝合类型形成,以对所述织物部件表面赋予变化的纹理。
48.如权利要求41所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件是所述鞋面的外层、中间层、和内层之一。
49.如权利要求41所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件形成所述鞋面的内表面。
50.一种制造鞋类产品的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
以圆筒形编织机机械地操作纱线以形成圆柱形织物结构;
从所述织物结构移去至少一织物部件;
合并所述织物部件到所述鞋类产品的鞋面中。
51.如权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述机械操作步骤包括使用宽筒圆筒形编织机。
52.如权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述机械操作步骤包括在所述圆柱形织物结构中形成带有所述织物部件形状的纹理。
53.如权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述机械操作步骤包括形成所述织物部件,以包括带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域由第一缝合结构形成,以及所述第二区域由不同于所述第一缝合结构的第二缝合结构形成,以赋予所述织物部件表面变化的纹理。
54.如权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述机械操作的步骤包括在所述圆柱形织物结构中形成至少两个织物部件。
55.如权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述机械操作的步骤包括在所述织物部件中形成孔。
56.如权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述结合步骤包括将所述织物部件的第一对边缘彼此固定在一起以形成沿着所述鞋面的下部区域延伸的第一接缝。
57.如权利要求56所述的方法,其中所述结合步骤还包括将所述织物部件的第二对边缘彼此固定在一起以形成沿着所述鞋面足跟区域延伸的第二接缝。
58.一种制造鞋类产品的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
以编织机机械地操作纱线以形成具有至少一个织物部件的轮廓的织物结构;
从所述织物结构移去所述织物部件;
结合所述织物部件到所述鞋类产品的鞋面中。
59.如权利要求58所述的方法,其中所述机械操作步骤包括使用宽筒圆筒形编织机。
60.如权利要求59所述的方法,其中所述机械操作的步骤包括在所述圆柱形织物结构中形成带有所述织物部件形状的纹理。
61.如权利要求58所述的方法,其中所述机械操作的步骤包括使用双针床提花拉歇尔经线编织机。
62.如权利要求58所述的方法,其中所述机械操作的步骤包括形成所述织物部件以包括带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域由第一缝合结构形成,以及所述第二区域由不同于所述第一缝合结构的第二缝合结构形成,以对所述织物部件表面赋予变化的纹理。
63.如权利要求58所述的方法,其中所述结合的步骤包括将所述织物部件的第一对边缘彼此固定在一起以形成沿着所述鞋面的下部区域延伸的第一接缝。
64.如权利要求58所述的方法,其中所述结合步骤还包括将所述织物部件的第二对边缘彼此固定在一起以形成沿着所述鞋面的足跟区域延伸的第二接缝。
65.一种鞋类产品,其包括:
一鞋面,其包含有通过平面编织法形成的一织物部件,所述织物部件具有带有整体结构的第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域具有第一套特性,以及所述第二区域具有不同于所述第一套特性的第二套特性,以对所述织物部件赋予变化的特征;以及
一鞋底结构,其固定到所述鞋面。
66.如权利要求65所述的鞋类产品,其中所述第一套特性和所述第二套特定是缝合结构和纱线类型的至少之一。
67.如权利要求65所述的鞋类产品,其中所述织物部件是所述鞋面的外层、中间层、和内层之一。
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2008
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2010
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2011
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2012
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2013
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