CN1817261A - 鞋底和鞋 - Google Patents

鞋底和鞋 Download PDF

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CN1817261A
CN1817261A CNA2006100013346A CN200610001334A CN1817261A CN 1817261 A CN1817261 A CN 1817261A CN A2006100013346 A CNA2006100013346 A CN A2006100013346A CN 200610001334 A CN200610001334 A CN 200610001334A CN 1817261 A CN1817261 A CN 1817261A
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sidewall
heel
sole
heel parts
tensioning member
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CN100563493C (zh
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马太·丹尼尔·查德勒
简·希尔
罗伯特·莱莫
蒂姆·大卫·卢卡斯
盖德·赖纳·曼兹
安格斯·瓦尔
查尔斯·格里芬·威尔逊
马克·安德鲁·亨德森
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Adidas International Marketing BV
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18Resilient soles
    • A43B13/181Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
    • A43B13/186Differential cushioning region, e.g. cushioning located under the ball of the foot
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18Resilient soles
    • A43B13/181Resiliency achieved by the structure of the sole
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18Resilient soles
    • A43B13/187Resiliency achieved by the features of the material, e.g. foam, non liquid materials
    • A43B13/188Differential cushioning regions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43BCHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B21/00Heels; Top-pieces or top-lifts
    • A43B21/24Heels; Top-pieces or top-lifts characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B21/26Resilient heels

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有脚跟部件的鞋底。所述脚跟部件包括一个脚跟杯体(51;51′)或者脚跟部件的边框(51″),其中脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框具有基本上与足部相对应的形状。此外,脚跟部件还包括布置在脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框下面的若干道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52′″,70),以及至少一个拉伸件(53;53″,53′″),所述拉伸件将至少一道侧壁与另一道侧壁连接在一起,或者将至少一道侧壁与脚跟杯体或脚跟部件的边框连接在一起。所述脚跟杯体或脚跟部件的边框、若干道侧壁和至少一个拉伸件做成单独一个部件。

Description

鞋底和鞋
技术领域
本发明涉及一种鞋底,特别是一种鞋底的夹层,也涉及鞋。
背景技术
在鞋类的设计中,特别是运动鞋的设计中,总能够遇到在某种程度上相互矛盾的待实现设计目标。一方面,运动鞋应当缓冲作用在人体上的载荷并可持续地抵抗这些作用力。另一方面,为了尽可能小的干扰运动员的运动过程,运动鞋的重量还必须很轻。
已知的运动鞋通常在鞋底部分使用泡沫材料以达到上述要求。例如,用乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)制造的泡沫塑料具有各种变形特性,这些特性都十分适合缓冲地面的反作用力。考虑到不同类型的运动鞋或者单只运动鞋的不同部位的载荷不相同,使用不同的密度并改变其他参数的情况下,这种泡沫材料的动力学特性还能够在较宽的范围内变化。
然而,这种有泡沫材料构件的鞋底有许多缺点。例如EVA泡沫材料的缓冲特性在很大程度上依赖于环境的温度。而且,泡沫缓冲材料的寿命是有限的。由于反复的挤压,泡沫材料的单元结构遭到破坏,鞋底部件也失去了它原来的动力学特性。以跑鞋为例,这种影响大约在使用250km之后就会发生。此外,制造一种具有不同密度的泡沫材料鞋底部件的鞋,其成本相当昂贵,因此通常这种鞋仅仅使用均匀EVA泡沫材料制造一个整张的鞋底夹层。其重量比较重是另一个缺点,特别是对于密度较大的硬质泡沫材料而言。最后,泡沫材料的鞋底构件很难适应不同尺寸的鞋,因为更大的设计会同时伴有动力学特性上难以预料的变化。
因此,多年来一直试图用其他的鞋底构件来代替已知的泡沫材料,这种构件能以较轻的重量提供相似的或更好的缓冲性能,其中,这种鞋底构件不受温度的影响,生产成本更低,并且寿命更长。
例如,本申请的申请人在DE 41 14 551 A1、DE-GBM 92 10 113、DE40 35 416 A1、EP 0 741 529 B1以及DE 102 34 913 A1中公开了这种类型的鞋底结构。此外,相似的鞋底结构也公开于Cohen的DE 38 10 930 A1中。
然而,现有技术中的无泡沫材料的鞋底设计直到现在也没有获得认可。主要原因是,它不能完全达到EVA泡沫材料那样优良的缓冲性能。这种EVA泡沫材料特别适用于脚跟部件,因为作用在鞋底上的地面反作用力在这里达到了最大值,这个值可以超过运动员体重的好几倍。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的就是提供一种制造成本低,在脚后跟部位具有良好的缓冲性能而不使用泡沫材料的鞋底,从而如果愿意,就不再需要使用泡沫材料。
本发明通过使用带有脚跟部件的鞋底解决了上述问题。这种脚跟部件包括一个脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框,所述脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框分别具有基本上与足部脚跟形状相对应的形状。所述脚跟部件还有若干道侧壁,所述侧壁分别布置在脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框下面,以及至少一个拉伸件,所述拉伸件将至少一道侧壁与另一道侧壁、或者与所述脚跟杯体或脚跟部件的边框连接在一起。所述脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框、若干道侧壁和至少一个拉伸件组合在一起,成为一个部件。
由于本发明把脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框,布置在其下面的侧壁以及连接在其间的拉伸件组合在一起,所以能有效地缓冲每一步刚接触地面时的载荷,这不仅是由于侧壁的有弹性的弯曲刚度,而且还由于能起阻止侧壁弯曲作用的,拉伸件有弹性的拉伸性能。
因为上述各种构件与脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框结合在一起,形成了一个部件,所以获得了高度的结构稳定性,并且能在脚跟部件的变形运动中可靠地为脚跟导向。这样,由于具有受控的缓冲运动,因而避免了由于剧烈的前仆或仰跌引起的足部和膝盖的损伤。还有,按照本发明,把鞋底做成单独的一个部件,就能降低制造成本,例如,可以用一种或多种合适的塑料注塑成型成一个部件。测试显示,按照本发明的脚跟部件的使用寿命,比使用泡沫材料缓冲构件制造的脚跟构件长四倍。
通常,单独脚跟部件具有用拉伸件连接起来的一道外侧壁和一道内侧壁。结果,从上方施加在两道侧壁上的压力载荷便转化为施加在拉伸件上的拉力载荷。改变上述拉伸件的材料性能,就能很容易地改变脚跟部件对地面反作用力的动力学反应性能。因此,使用所述的鞋底,就能很容易地满足不同种类的运动的需要,或某些用户的特殊需要。用注塑成型方法制造单独一个构件是最可行的方式,因为只要一种注塑成型的模具,就能用来制造不同性能的鞋底。
通常,这种单独脚跟部件还有一道一般为分开的后侧壁,在某些实施例中,后侧壁上通常有中央切口。所述切口的尺寸和布置影响本发明的鞋底在刚接触地面时的缓冲性能。所述拉伸件通常与包括后侧壁在内的所有侧壁相互连接。此外,还可以通过改变侧壁的厚度和弯曲度来影响这种缓冲性能。还可以像上面提到的那样使用不同的材料,例如,使用不同硬度的材料。
除了上述的后侧壁中的切口以外,还可以改在其他侧壁上开设切口,或增加切口(图未示)。除了能改进缓冲性能以外,还能够减轻重量。精确布置脚跟部件中的侧壁和其他构件的切口和设计,可以用有限元模型使其达到最优化。
在一个具体的优选实施例中,拉伸件在脚跟杯体的下方延伸并与脚跟杯体下表面的中心区域连接。通过这种附加的连接,单独脚跟部件的稳定性进一步增强了。
通常,单独脚跟部件还具有一层基本上水平的接地表面层,它至少与两道侧壁的下边缘相互连接。
通常,所述接地表面层的外周边超过鞋底侧壁的下边缘。此外,单独脚跟部件通常至少有一个加固件,它沿着倾斜的方向从接地表面层延伸到侧壁。具体说,最好是对称布置从接地表面层的中心区域延伸到侧壁上的两个加固件,其中,这两个加固件各自的端点和拉伸件在同一区域中。结果,单独脚跟部件具有整体框架式的结构,从而能提高鞋底压缩和剪切运动过程中的稳定性。
通常,脚跟部件中没有泡沫材料。但是,却可以设想使用泡沫材料来填充单独脚跟部件的空腔,以便进一步改善它的缓冲性能。
按照本发明的鞋底的其他改进措施,将在从属权利要求中进一步限定。
按照本发明的另一个方面,本发明也涉及具有以上任何一种鞋底的鞋。
附图说明
下面,参照附图描述本发明的各方面。附图中:
图1a和图1b分别是根据本发明的鞋的实施例的侧视图和仰视图;
图2是图1中所示鞋底的脚跟部件的第一实施例的正视图;
图3是图2中所示的脚跟部件的立体图;
图4是图2中所示的脚跟部件的后视图;
图5是图2中所示的脚跟部件的侧视图;
图6是脚跟部件的另一个实施例的后视图;
图7是脚跟部件的另一个实施例的正视图;
图8a~图8h:是脚跟部件其他实施例的示意图;
图9:是比较图2~图6中所示的脚跟部件各种实施例的垂直变形特性的曲线图;
图10是比较图2~图6所示的脚跟部件各种实施例,在脚跟部件的接触边缘施加载荷时变形特性的曲线图;
图11a和图11b表示脚跟部件的另一个特别适合篮球鞋的实施例;
图12是另一个使用脚跟边框来代替脚跟杯体的实施例的示意图;以及
图13是另一个使用成角度的侧壁,和在侧壁与脚跟杯体之间延伸的拉伸件的实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面,参照运动鞋的鞋底,进一步描述本发明的鞋底和它的脚跟部件的实施例。但是应该理解,本发明的鞋底还可以应用于其他类型的,想要具有良好的缓冲性能、更轻的重量、更长寿命的鞋。
图1a表示鞋1的侧视图,这种鞋包括一个基本上没有泡沫材料缓冲构件的鞋底10。如图所示,沿着鞋底10的长度安装了若干蜂窝状独立缓冲构件20,起缓冲和导向的作用,而在普通的运动鞋中,是使用EVA泡沫材料的鞋底夹层来起这种作用的。独立缓冲构件20的上侧,或者连接在鞋帮30的下侧,或者连接在载荷分配板(图未示)上,上述载荷分配板则通过诸如粘合、焊接等方式布置在鞋帮30与缓冲构件20之间。或者,独立缓冲构件20可以与载荷分配板制造成一个整体。
独立缓冲构件20的下面,通过类似的方式与图1b所示例子中的整张外鞋底40连接。每一个缓冲构件20可以具有单独的外鞋底部分(图未示)来代替整张外鞋底40。在这种鞋底的一个实施例中,缓冲构件20是申请人已经在DE 102 34 913 A1中做了描述的一种结构件。
图1a和图1b中所示的上述鞋底结构,在每一步刚接触地面时受到的载荷最大。大多数跑步运动员是脚跟最先接触地面,然后过渡到脚的中部,最后通过前脚掌离开地面。因此,图1a和图1b中的无泡沫材料鞋底10的脚跟部件50受到的载荷最大。
图2表示脚跟部件50第一实施例的详细情形。如下面具体描述的,脚跟部件50能够独立于其他鞋底10的设计使用。例如,它也可以使用在使用一个或多个普通泡沫材料缓冲构件(图未示)的鞋底中,来代替上述缓冲构件20。
两道基本上垂直延伸的侧壁52布置在形状符合人体工程学的脚跟杯体51的下面,上述脚跟杯体从下方、内侧、外侧和后方包围着脚跟(图未示)。所述侧壁52中的一道侧壁沿内侧延伸,而另一道侧壁沿外侧延伸。通常,这两道侧壁52一开始就做成稍呈向外弯曲的脚跟部件50的形状,即,从外面看起来它呈凸起的形状。当整个脚跟部件50受到压缩时,它的曲率就进一步增大。
一个大致为水平的拉伸件53位于脚跟杯体51的下方,它基本上从内侧壁52的中央延伸到外侧壁52的中央。在脚跟部件50上的载荷(图2中的垂直箭头)的作用下,此时两道侧壁52向外弯曲,于是拉伸件53受到张力(图2中的水平箭头)。结果,例如,在地面与鞋底10接触的过程中,脚跟部件的动力学反应性能,基本上是由侧壁52的弯曲硬度与拉伸件53的拉伸度结合起来所确定的近似值。例如,使用较厚的拉伸件53和/或使用具有更大的拉伸强度的材料的拉伸件53,将导致脚跟部件50具有刚度更大的缓冲性能。
将在下面进一步描述的拉伸件53和加固件61,以及侧壁52和脚跟部件50中的其他构件,在所描述的优选实施例中,都是平面构件。然而,并不是必须这样设计。相反,很容易想到,在其他设计中,例如,可以把一个或更多的上述构件做成拉杆等等。
通常,拉伸件53在侧壁52弯曲的中点处与侧壁相互连接。如果没有拉伸件,在脚跟部件加载过程中,侧壁所产生的向外凸出将会非常大,因此这里的拉伸件是最有作用的。通常,平面拉伸件的厚度在5~10mm的范围内,并且该厚度向着侧壁方向逐渐增加,比如大约增加5%~15%。拉伸件53在两道侧壁之间中心处的厚度最小。这种拉伸件53与侧壁52之间相互连接的加固作用,减小了材料在这个位置上断裂的危险。
此外,在图2所示的优选实施例中,拉伸件53与脚跟杯体51的下表面在中心区域55相互连接。这种连接提高了整个结构的稳定性。尤其是当剪切载荷作用在脚跟部件50上的情况下,例如当跑步方向突然发生改变时(比如篮球运动之类),就会发现,脚跟杯体51与拉伸件53的相互连接是十分有利的。另一个特别适合于篮球鞋的实施例,将在下面结合图11a和图11b作更详细的描述。
此外,图2和图3中还公开了附加的表面层,它就像在一个框架中,用于稳固脚跟杯体51下面的脚跟部件50。在图2和图3中可以看到一层连接着内侧面和外侧面侧壁52的下边缘的接地表面层60。接地表面层60与上边缘处的脚跟杯体51和中央的拉伸件53一起,形成了内侧壁和外侧壁52的结构形式。这样,这种结构的另一个贡献是,避免了脚跟部件50在达到峰值载荷时(例如高跳之后着陆时)的坍塌。
此外,还可以把附加的鞋底层固定在接地表面层60上,比如,图1a和图1b中所示的外鞋底层40,或附加的缓冲层(图未示)。这种附加的缓冲层也可以改为,或者同时,布置在上述脚跟部件上。
单独的一个脚跟部件50的接地表面层60,它本身可以直接具有外鞋底的作用和合适的外形(图未示)。如果想要获得重量特别轻的鞋,这样做就十分有意义。如图2和图3所示,例如,如果打算为较窄的鞋提供较宽的接触地面的面积,那么接地表面层60的周边就应该做得超过侧壁52的下边缘。
此外,图2和图3表示两个加固件61,它们大约从接地表面层的中心斜着向外延伸到侧壁52。所述加固件61在紧靠拉伸件53的下方与侧壁52结合。因此,在压力载荷作用在脚跟部件50上的情况下,该加固件61进一步稳定了侧壁52的变形。此外,使用有限元分析(Finite-Element-Analysis)的研究显示,当受到上述剪切载荷时,这种加固件61有效地稳定了脚跟部件50。
图4和图5表示图2和图3中的脚跟部件50的背面。从图中可以看到一道大致垂直的后侧壁70,它构成了脚跟部件50的后部,从而也就是构成了鞋底10的后部。与侧壁52一样,当脚跟部件50受到压缩时,后侧壁70也会向外弯曲。因此,拉伸件53也与后侧壁70连接,这样,在载荷从上面作用时(参见图5中的垂直箭头),后侧壁70进一步的弯曲将使拉伸件53向后方拉长(参见图5中的水平箭头)。
同样,对于后侧壁70来说,拉伸件53也基本上与后侧壁的中心区域结合。虽然在图2~图5的实施例中,加固件61没有与后侧壁70连接,但是可以想到,加固件61也可以采用与侧壁52连接类似的方式与后侧壁70连接,用来进一步加固脚跟部件50。
此外,图5进一步显示了本实施例的细节。接地表面层60的后沿65稍微向上倾斜,使其便于与地面接触和下落时平稳地过渡。
图6~图8表示以上详细描述的实施例的改进型。下面,只说明这些改进型与图2~图5中的脚跟部件的实施例相比的不同之处。
图6表示一个脚跟部件,其中,在后侧壁70上布置了一个切口71。切口71的形状和尺寸能对脚跟部件50在接触地面过程中的刚度产生影响。这种影响示于图9和图10。图9表示使用INSTRON测量仪垂直地压在脚跟部件50上经过一定距离所必需的力(Y坐标轴)。所述INSTRON测量仪器是一种本领域所属技术人员熟知的通用测试设备,是用来测试材料的拉伸、压缩、弯曲和摩擦等性能的仪器。这两个实施例都表现出近乎线性的曲线图,即,缓冲性能都是平稳的,即使在达到6mm的高度变形时,脚跟部件50也没有塌陷。更细致的研究显示,由于切口71,图6中的脚跟部件50具有较低的刚度,即在相同的变形时,切口71能够产生微小的回弹力。
通过斜向载荷测试,也得到了同样结果,这种测试的结果如图10所示。在这种测试中,先用一块相对于鞋底的平面成30°夹角的平板与脚跟部件50的后部边缘接触。随后,当上述角度减小时,测量脚跟部件50的回弹力,其中脚跟部件50相对于平板的旋转点保持固定不动。与严格的垂直载荷相比,这种测试方式以一种更加接近现实的方式,反映了接触地面以及逐步下落过程的情况。
还有,与图2~图5中的实施例相比,后侧壁70上具有切口71的实施例所产生的回弹力稍微小一些。对于这两种实施例,在一个较宽的范围内(达到23°)曲线图几乎是线性的。
图2~图6的实施例相对于鞋底的纵向轴线而言基本上对称,而图7则表示另一种实施例的正视图,其中侧壁52′比另一道侧壁52高。根据上述较高的侧壁52′是安排在脚跟部件50的内侧还是外侧,就能使得脚在接触地面的过程中朝向某一方向,例如就能防止人前仆或仰跌。
最后,图8a~图8h表示本发明的另外许多实施例的正视图,其中对上述各种构件做了改进:
-在图8a中,在脚跟杯体51下方的内侧和外侧布置了两个独立的构件。因此,除了外侧和内侧的侧壁52之外,又额外增加了两道中心侧壁52″,以及独立的内侧和外侧拉伸件53″。此外,在本实施例中,接地表面层60″也分成了两个部分。
-图8b表示一种简化的实施例,它没有加固件61和连接在脚跟杯体51′与拉伸件53′之间的连接件。与以上那些实施例相比,这种结构更加轻便、柔软。但是,这种结构方式对抗剪切载荷的稳定性较差。
-相比而言,图8c的实施例特别稳定,因为总共设置了四根加固件61′,这四根加固件61′呈对角线的形状,架在脚跟杯体51′与接地表面层60之间的空腔中。
-图8d~图8f的实施例与上述的图2~图5的实施例相似。但是,设置了在拉伸件53′与脚跟杯体51′的中心区域55′之间延伸的,附加的加固件61′,但杯体51′本身并不直接与拉伸件53′连接。三个实施例的不同之处在于加固件61′与拉伸件53′的连接位置。在图8d的实施例中,连接点在拉伸件53′的内、外侧的边缘上,而在图8e,特别是图8f中,这些连接点进一步向拉伸件53′的中心移动。
-图8g和图8h的实施例具有在第一拉伸件53下面的第二拉伸件53′。在这两个实施例中,第一拉伸件53稍微向上弯曲,而第二拉伸件53′则具有向下弯曲的弧形。在图8g的实施例中,第二拉伸件53′以与第一拉伸件53类似的方式,横跨在内、外侧壁之间的全部距离之间。在图8h的实施例中,第二拉伸件53′基本上在两个加固件61的中点之间伸展。
图11a和图11b表示另一个特别适用于篮球鞋的优选实施例。从图11a可以直接看到,设置了两道内部侧壁56,以加强抵抗在篮球鞋中产生的巨大的压缩和剪切载荷。图11b表示,这个实施例具有一道连续的后侧壁70,如上面所述,这个实施例同样能达到较高的压缩稳定性。总的说来,比较扁平的结构是特别稳定的结构,如果需要,还可以增加内侧壁56(图未示)使其进一步加强。
图12是又一个实施例的示意图,其中设置了脚跟部件的边框51″,而不是设置完整的脚跟杯体51。类似于前面实施例所描述的脚跟杯体51,脚跟部件的边框51″也具有人体工程学的造型,也就是,它的弯曲程度基本上符合人的脚跟形状,以便在脚跟部件的缓冲过程中稳固地为足部导向。因此,所述脚跟部件的边框也同样从内侧和外侧,以及从后面包裹着脚。它与脚跟杯体的差别仅在于中央切口58,根据本实施例,中央切口58可以有不同的尺寸。这种差别还使得能直接在脚跟的跟骨下面布置另一个缓冲构件,例如,可以布置一个用泡沫材料制成的缓冲构件,从而显著增大其缓冲特性。
最后,在图13所示的实施例中,使用了成一定角度的侧壁52来代替上述实施例中的稍微弯曲的侧壁52。此外,本实施例的拉伸件不是直接把两道侧壁52连接起来,而是总共用两个拉伸件53,每一个拉伸件把一道侧壁52连接在脚跟杯体51上。图13和图12中的虚线指的是可以设置在这两个实施例中的附加接地表面层60。
很容易想到,对上述的脚跟部件50可以进行各种改进。因此,上述这些实施例应当仅仅看作是一些例子,而把脚跟杯体、侧壁、拉伸件、加固件、接地表面层组合在一起的其他方式是多种多样的。
最后,由上述构件所构成的许多空腔,也同样可以起到缓冲的作用。为了达到这个目的,这些空腔既可以用气密方式密封起来,也可以把,例如,用泡沫材料、凝胶材料等制成的附加的缓冲构件,布置在空腔内(图未示)。
决定脚跟部件的动力学特性的因素,除了脚跟平板下方的框架式结构的几何形状以外,还有材料的选择。脚跟部件的整体的连接构件通常都采用合适的热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)材料,用注塑成型的方式制造。如果需要,某些构件,例如受到高强度拉力载荷的拉伸件,可以使用与脚跟部件50的其余部件不同的塑料制作。在单独脚跟部件50中使用另一种塑料材料,可以很容易地通过带有若干注入口的适当的注射成型工具来完成,也可以用通过一个注入口的共注射方式来完成,也可以通过先后注射两种或两种以上的塑料的方式来完成。

Claims (18)

1.一种鞋底(10),它包括一个脚跟部件(50),所述脚跟部件(50)包括下列构件:
a.脚跟杯体(51;51′)或者脚跟部件的边框(51″),它具有基本上与足部脚跟相对应的形状;
b.若干道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70),它们布置在脚跟杯体或者脚跟部件的边框的下面,其中,所述若干道侧壁包括一道独立于其他侧壁(52;52′,52″,52)的后侧壁(70);
c.至少一个拉伸件(53;53″,53),所述拉伸件将至少一道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)与另一道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)、或者与脚跟杯体(51;51′)或脚跟部件的边框(51″)连接在一起;以及
d.其特征在于,所述脚跟杯体(51;51′)或脚跟部件的边框(51″)、若干道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)和至少一个拉伸件(53;53″,53)组合在一起,成为一个部件。
2.如权利要求1所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,脚跟部件(50)具有与拉伸件(53)连接的外侧壁和内侧壁(52,52′,52″)。
3.如权利要求2所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,在若干道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)中的至少一道侧壁上有中心切口(71)。
4.如权利要求3所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,至少在一道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)上有一个以上的切口(71)。
5.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,上述拉伸件(53;53)分别与布置在脚跟杯体或脚跟部件的边框下面的全部侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)相互连接。
6.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,至少一道侧壁(52;52′,52″,70)具有向外弯曲的弧形。
7.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述拉伸件(53;53″,53)基本上在各自侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)高度的中心位置上与至少两道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)结合。
8.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述拉伸件(53)与脚跟杯体(51)的下表面在中心区域(55)相互连接。
9.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述脚跟部件(50)还具有一个连接至少两道侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)的下边缘的基本上水平的接地表面层(60,60″)。
10.如权利要求9所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述接地表面层在超出所述侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)边缘的外侧延伸。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述脚跟部件(50)还具有至少一个沿着倾斜方向从接地表面层(60,60″)延伸到侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)的加固件(61;61′)。
12.如权利要求11所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,至少一个加固件(61)从接地表面层(60,60″)的中心区域延伸到侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)上。
13.如权利要求11或12所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,至少一个加固件(61;61′)基本上和拉伸件(53)一样终止于侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70)的同一区域。
14.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,脚跟杯体或脚跟部件的边框(51;51′,51″),和/或侧壁(52;52′,52″,52,70),和/或拉伸件(53;53″,53),和/或加固件(61;61′)具有不同的厚度。
15.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述脚跟部件(50)用热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)通过注塑成型的方法制成。
16.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述脚跟部件(50)用若干种塑料通过多组分注塑成型的方法制成。
17.如前述权利要求中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10),其特征在于,所述脚跟部件(50)中没有泡沫材料。
18.一种带有如权利要求1~17中任何一项权利要求所述的鞋底(10)的鞋(1)。
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CN103200832B (zh) * 2010-08-20 2016-04-27 耐克创新有限合伙公司 具有槽的鞋类物件及制造方法
US9468256B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2016-10-18 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with slots and method of making
US9661898B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2017-05-30 Nike, Inc. Sole structure with visual effects
US9974358B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2018-05-22 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with slots and method of making
US10165832B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2019-01-01 Nike, Inc. Method of making a sole structure comprising a fluid filled member with slots
CN103200832A (zh) * 2010-08-20 2013-07-10 耐克国际有限公司 具有槽的鞋类物件及制造方法
US11000100B2 (en) 2010-08-20 2021-05-11 Nike, Inc. Sole structure comprising a fluid filled member with slots
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CN105361343A (zh) * 2013-08-09 2016-03-02 锐步国际有限公司 一种具有挤压构件的鞋类制品
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US11786010B2 (en) 2015-11-18 2023-10-17 Reebok International Limited Extruded components for articles of footwear and methods of making the same
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CN109259377B (zh) * 2018-11-29 2024-03-29 特步(中国)有限公司 一种鞋面可调整的鞋

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US7350320B2 (en) 2008-04-01
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US7644518B2 (en) 2010-01-12
EP1690460A1 (en) 2006-08-16
US20080155859A1 (en) 2008-07-03
US20060265905A1 (en) 2006-11-30
JP4651554B2 (ja) 2011-03-16
JP2006218308A (ja) 2006-08-24
DE102005006267B3 (de) 2006-03-16

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