CN1565137A - 提供只需电话号码的体验的运营商间的短消息服务 - Google Patents

提供只需电话号码的体验的运营商间的短消息服务 Download PDF

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CN1565137A
CN1565137A CN02819719.4A CN02819719A CN1565137A CN 1565137 A CN1565137 A CN 1565137A CN 02819719 A CN02819719 A CN 02819719A CN 1565137 A CN1565137 A CN 1565137A
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message
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telephone number
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克里斯·科诺茨
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TeleCommunication Systems Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/48—Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/58—Message adaptation for wireless communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
    • H04L61/4555—Directories for electronic mail or instant messaging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/18—Service support devices; Network management devices
    • H04W88/184—Messaging devices, e.g. message centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements

Abstract

本发明涉及在一个运营商间短消息传递系统(IC－SMS)服务中提供一种只需电话号码的消息传递体验。用户之间的短消息是使用一个具有恰当MIN/运营商/运营商路由查找能力(120)的运营商间消息传递模块(100)而在运营商网络之间进行路由的。短消息可以发送到只用电话号码寻址的另一个运营商网络中的用户(220)。如果接收者是在发送者的运营商网络之外，则运营商间服务供应商(ICSP)的运营商间消息传递模块(100)为接收者确定合适的运营商，并且将恰当的语法附加于所述短消息，以便允许在这两个运营商的SMSC之间使用网际协议(IP)或其他标准化的通信技术，此外还将所述短消息路由到目的地运营商。其他运营商网络中的接收者只要使用用户的电话号码就可以回复ICSP的发送者。

Description

提供只需电话号码的体验 的运营商间的短消息服务
本申请要求依照2001年9月5日提交的名为“Internet Protocol(IP)Based Inter-Carrier Messaging Service”美国临时申请60/316,973而享有优先权，所述申请整体在此特别引入以作为参考。
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及无线运营商、因特网服务供应商(ISP)以及信息内容分发服务/供应商。更为特别的是，本发明涉及的是在处于不同空中接口标准中的不同运营商之间和/或不同用户之间提供的短消息服务(SMS)消息传送业务。
背景技术
我们现在正处在所谓的信息时代。信息的交换和执行信息交换的能力在技术上也越发为现代社会所必需。随着因特网的引入和现在的广泛使用以及电信领域的发展，多种用于交换信息的装置迅速增长，由此通过交换信息而将很多人汇聚到了一起。
在20世纪90年代初期，由于数字无线技术的日益普及，在欧洲引入了一种用于数字无线网络的标准。这种标准就是现在通常所说的全球数字移动电话系统(GSM)，它包括一种名为短消息服务(SMS)的业务。其中一种交换信息的方法是借助于短消息。短消息通常是一个文本消息，例如寻呼消息、传递到/来自各类通信设备的电子邮件或语音邮件消息，其中举例来说，所述通信设备可以是蜂窝电话手机、电话或是带有适当调制解调器的计算机。
SMS允许传送往返于通信设备之间并且通常可达160个字符的短消息，其中所述通信设备可以是蜂窝电话手机、电话或是带有适当调制解调器的计算机。在北美，当前SMS是在数字无线/移动网络上实施的，其中所述网络可以是基于GSM标准、码分多址(CDMA)和/或时分多址(TDMA)方法的PCS网络。而短消息服务也正在得到普及，尤其是在美国。
由于短消息服务具有双向通信能力，因此它要比基于文本的寻呼业务更有优势。例如，这种双向通信允许向发端设备告知是否成功递送了所述短消息。
通常，每一个SMS网络都包括一个短消息服务中心(SMSC)，它充当一个向用户提供有保证的短消息递送的存储转发机构，其中即使在发送短消息的时候用户是不活动的，但是一旦用户变成活动的，则所述短消息服务中心会递送短消息，由此提供有保证的短消息递送。由于将所发送的短消息保存在一个为各个预定用户分配的SMSC中并在用户可用的时候将其从所分配的SMSC递送到预定用户，因此不管预定用户是否“在线”，所有短消息的递送都是得到保证的。
通过使用SMS网络，目前已经引入了多种服务，其中包括例如集成的电子邮件和传真、集成寻呼、银行互动业务以及股票行情和航线时间表传递这样的信息服务。
在操作中，SMSC从任何一个信源接收一个意欲递送到特定用户的短消息。例如，当预定用户因为关机或不在SMS网络服务区范围而不可用时，此时进行的短消息递送尝试将会失败。在这种情况下，所述短消息将会保留在分配给预定用户的SMSC中，以便稍后再次尝试递送。此后，举例来说，当用户最终通过开机或移入SMS网络服务区而变得可用时，网络相关部分(例如移动业务中心(MSC)和归属位置寄存器(HLR))将会通知SMSC开始递送那些得到保存的(也就是先前递送失败的)短消息。
图9显示的是短消息交换网络的一个常规实例。特别地，在图9中，文本消息是在第一通信设备(也就是发送者806)与第二通信设备(也就是接收者804)之间传递的。发送者806接入一个广域网(WAN)，例如因特网或公共电话交换网(PTSN)。而来自发送者806并经过网关805的短消息则经由例如网关802以及局域网(LAN)和/或无线网络803而被交付接收者。
尽管在这里将接收者804显示成移动电话手机，但是举例来说，接收者804也可以包括通过LAN 803或是经由直接调制解调器连接而与WAN(例如PTSN或因特网)801相连的计算机设备。
在共同拥有的名为“SHORT MESSAGE SERVICENOTIFICATION IN MULTIPLE SERVICE CENTER SHORTMESSAGE SERVICE NETWORK”的美国专利6,208,870中描述了无线短消息交换网络的一个实例，该专利整体在此明确引入以作为参考。
SMSC是一个与SS7公共网络相连的核心短消息传递路由器。SMSC在运营商网络内部提供了不是移动始发就是移动终接的电话间双向消息传递。为了提供SMSC在万维网上通信的能力，其中将无线因特网网关(WIG)添加到了运营商的网络中。虽然SMSC具有一个直接的网际协议(IP)接口(也就是短消息点对点协议(SMPP))，但是WIG通常是通过添加例如六个或更多的附加运营商等级的接口来充当一个多协议路由器的。并且WIG向运营商网络提供了一个基于IP的入口。
SMPP通常被用于在SMSC之间提供直接通信。在SMSC之间使用的其它直接通信链路包括MOTOROLATM专有的CDMP以及另一个专有协议OIS。
在2000年8月2日提交的名为“Wireless Internet Gateway”的共同未决美国专利申请09/630,762中显示并描述了一种合适并合理的WIG，所述申请整体在此明确引入作为参考。
递送短消息的系统的一个众所周知的实例就是电子邮件系统，通常也称为电子邮件。电子邮件能使发送者与接收者使用相应的通信设备来交换信息，其中举例来说，所述通信设备通常是两台距离很远的计算机设备。
无线电话这类移动设备提供了有限的电子邮件业务。无线电话被设计为很容易地接受电话号码，但在需要接受字母数字型电子邮件地址时则稍显麻烦。当在处于不同网络上的电话之间通信时，用户需要将消息寻址到一个电子邮件地址，而在处于同一网络内部的电话之间通信时，只需电话号码。因此在美国，无线电话间的文本消息通常仅限于在同一公共运营商的无线网络内部的用户之间。
在使用当前系统的情况下，始于无线设备的运营商之间的电子邮件消息传递(也就是在不同运营商的网络之间)需要输入完整的电子邮件地址。特别地，对于将消息发送到不同运营商(“运营商B”)用户的第一运营商(“运营商A”)的用户来说，所述运营商A的用户必须知道并输入目的地设备的完整电子邮件地址。
示范性的完整电子邮件地址通常包括一个电话号码，“@”标记，然后则是一个专门供SMS消息传递使用的唯一域名。一个示范性的完整的电子邮件地址可以是4105551234@mobile.myportal.xyzwireless.net。只有向同一运营商A的用户发送了一个SMS消息(例如电子邮件)的时候，才可以向运营商A的用户提供只需电话号码的体验。
举例来说，移动终接短消息当前可以通过基于网页的服务来得到。例如，VERIZON WIRELESSTM当前维持了一个只供VERIZONWIRELESSTM的客户使用的网页“msg.myvzw.com”。通过使用这种基于网页的方法，用户插入一个已知的Verizon客户的电话号码，打字输入一个预定消息的正文并且点击回车键。然而，这种技术只可以用于移动终接(不是移动始发)短消息。此外，作为默认，发送者必须知道要转向Verizon的网页，由此必须预先了解服务于特定电话号码的特定运营商。
移动始发的短消息传递仍然可以得到，但对使用者而言则非常麻烦并且没有提供只需电话号码的体验。特别地，为了发送一个移动始发短消息，发送者必须在其无线电话中输入一个电话号码，但是用户的网络能将相关的短消息只发送到同一运营商网络内部的其他用户。为了将短消息发送到另一个运营商网络所服务的用户，用户必须借助移动电话来输入一个完整的字母数字型电子邮件地址(例如4105551212@mobile.att.net)。如所述，经由移动电话上的字母数字键盘输入一列冗长的字母数字充其量也就是非常麻烦，尤其因为有几个字母是在任何特定按键上表示的，此外字母表中某些字母并未在所述字母数字型键盘上表示。
不幸的是，在使用移动始发技术的情况下，发送者必须预先了解：(1)该用户实际是不是在另一个网络上(由此需要一个完整的电子邮件地址而不只是运营商内部用户的电话号码)；以及(2)接收者网络的电话号码确切格式的地址语法(例如“@mobile.att.net，)。
在世界上的其它地区，大多数运营商都与相邻运营商享有共同的技术。例如在欧洲，大多数运营商都具有符合GSM标准的无线网络。这样一来，由于不同运营商的SMSC全都使用了相同的空中接口(也就是GSM)，因而在其间进行互连是非常简单和直接的。因此，在本地SMS运营商之间所进行的消息传递可以通过运营商与运营商的直接互连来实现。因此，在那里并不存在关于互联性的技术障碍，并且可以通过使用本地SMS运营商之间的消息传递来向这些GSM系统的用户提供只需电话号码的体验，其中所述消息传递是通过运营商之间的互连来实现的。
不幸的是，在美国通常不能将相似空中接口技术(例如GSM)互连作为选择。在美国，每一个主要的美国运营商都使用了一种竞争性的不同空中接口技术(例如CDMA、TDMA、GSM、I-DEN(MotorolaTM专有的GSM派生物)，Reflex(寻呼网络)等等)。当前在美国大约使用了十(10)种不同的空中接口技术协议。虽然这种技术分散允许运营商相互区分它们提供的服务，但是美国的消费者却因为网络标准化和/或互操作性的不足而感到不便。
在美国，不但空中接口技术的多样性是一个综合难题(许多运营商相信它们的特定空中接口技术要比竞争者提供的空中接口技术更为优越)，而且短消息的所有潜在接收者必须就用于语音和SMS业务的漫游协定达成一致。在欧洲，由于空中接口技术的通用性(以及没有竞争者所声称的“技术优势”)，因此欧洲国家间的漫游协定是以常规方式来建立的。
实际上，大多数人都会记住或记下希望呼叫的人员的移动电话号码。然而，大多数人并不知道为其希望呼叫的人员提供服务的确切运营商。在不记得该人的运营商的身份的情况下，用户很难为其确定完整的电子邮件地址。在没有通过改变美国社会来记住其他人电话号码以及其他每个人的运营商的情况下，要在不同运营商的用户之间采用电子邮件消息传递，这将会是一个漫长的过程。
因此需要为美国无线运营商的用户提供一种只需电话号码的体验，以便大体上简化和确保移动环境中SMS消息传递的采用和实施，尤其是电子邮件消息传递。
发明内容
根据本发明的原理，在一个消息分发中心，只需电话号码的体验是由一个将用户MIN号码关联于服务运营商的数据库以及一个将运营商关联于路由语法的数据库来提供的。运营商间消息传递模块接收一个仅仅使用MIN号码寻址的短消息，在关联于用户MIN号码的数据库以及将运营商关联于路由语法的数据库中执行一个查找，以及将从所述查找中确定的路由语法添加到MIN号码中。
根据本发明的另一个方面，一种向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的方法包括：接收一个仅仅寻址到MIN的初始短消息，以及将提供服务的运营商与所述MIN相关联。由此制订一个包含初始短消息正文的全新短消息并且所述全新短消息是以一种关联于为MIN提供服务的运营商的语法而被重新寻址到MIN的。然后则对这个全新的短消息进行路由。
附图说明
对本领域技术人员来说，本发明的特征和优点将从以下结合附图的详细描述中变得更清楚，其中：
图1和2描述了一个根据本发明原理并包括一个运营商间消息传递模块的消息分发中心(MDC)，其中包含了MIN/运营商数据库和运营商路由表，以便向用户提供“只需电话号码”的短消息传递能力。
图3显示了根据本发明原理而在包括运营商间消息传递模块的MDC与使用TCP/IP协议的其他运营商网络之间的示范性互连。
图4显示的是图1和2所示的示范性移动标识号码(MIN)/运营商数据库中的示范性条目。
图5显示的是图1和2所示的示范性运营商路由表中的示范性条目。
图6描述的是一个根据本发明原理并使运营商1的用户向另一个运营商(例如没认购包含了运营商间消息传递模块的服务局的运营商)的用户发送短消息的只需电话号码的体验。
图7描述的是根据本发明原理并使运营商1的用户从另一个运营商(例如没认购包含了运营商间消息传递模块的服务局的运营商)的用户接收短消息的只需电话号码的体验。
图8是一个代表根据本发明原理并经由消息分发中心运营商间消息传递服务所进行的基于IP的运营商间短消息服务消息事务的示范性详细“呼叫流程”。
图9显示的是短消息交换网络的一个常规实例。
具体实施方式
与基于电子邮件的消息传递相反，本发明通过使用本地SMS运营商之间的消息传递来向订购顾客提供一个只需电话号码的体验，也就是“只需电话号码”的消息传递。
根据本发明的原理，运营商之间的短消息传递系统(IC-SMS)服务允许只用一个电话号码而在不同技术的网络之间传送短消息。用户之间的消息是通过服务局或是使用运营商间消息传递模块所提供的类似功能而在运营商网络之间进行路由的，其中所述模块具有恰当的MIN/运营商/运营商路由查找能力。
在操作中，对提供运营商间消息传递模块的服务来说，其用户可以向另一个运营商网络中的用户发送一个只用电话号码寻址的移动始发(MO)短消息。如果是在网络内部，则在SMSC中路由所述消息。如果不在网络内部，则将所述消息发送到ICM模块。所述服务的运营商间消息传递模块确定消息的目的地地址不是一个与发送者处在同一网络的用户。运营商间服务供应商(ICSP)的运营商间消息传递模块为接收者确定恰当的运营商，将适当的语法添加到短消息中，以便在这两个运营商的SMSC之间提供网际协议(IP)或其他标准化的通信技术，此外还将所述短消息路由到目的地运营商。一旦接收到短消息，则目的地运营商的网络会将所述消息递送到最终目的地。
此外，较为优选的是，本发明允许另一个运营商网络中的接收者只使用用户的电话号码来回复ICSP的发送者，进而回复所述发送者。这有助于提供ICSP用户所进行的只需电话号码的体验。
运营商间消息传递模块可以(例如在给定时段)保存一个来自接收者的应答的预期实例，以便准许进行那些只需电话号码的应答，但是较为优选的是，运营商间消息传递模块将应答的预期接收者简单识别为处在ICSP网络内部，并在将应答短消息转回发端发送者之前，所述模块会从电话号码上有效剥离任何电子邮件语法。
消息分发中心(MDC)包括一个依照本发明原理的运营商间消息传递模块，所述消息分发中心使得具有单个输入点的消息供应者(例如运营商、企业、网络开发人员、内容供应商等等)能够实施针对大批无线网络的SMS消息传递事务。
优选地，包含运营商间消息传递模块的MDC包括一个如在Rechard Smith于2000年8月2日提交的美国专利申请09/630,762中显示和描述的主机环境(例如服务局)中的运营商等级的无线因特网网关(WIG)，其中所述申请整体在此明确引入以作为参考。
根据本发明原理的MDC的运营商间SMS服务提供了一个短消息交换所，所述交换所为用户提供了一种在不考虑目的地网络的情况下，通过进行针对其他用户的无缝、简单的SMS消息传递来提高其通信自由的能力。
依照本发明原理的运营商间消息传递服务是一种MDC增殖服务，它允许运营商在不考虑目的地网络的情况下为用户提供“只需电话号码”的消息传递体验。MDC的运营商间消息传递服务为终止于发送者网络以外地址的所有SMS消息都提供了协议转换和消息传递路由。此外，较为优选的是，所述服务可以将这种只需电话号码的体验扩展到移动终接消息，其中所述消息是对于网络中用户所发起的短消息以及其他参与MDC运营商间消息传递服务的运营商/经营商所发起的短消息的“应答”结果。
图1和2描述了一个根据本发明原理并包含了运营商间消息传递模块的消息分发中心(MDC)，其中包括一个MIN/运营商数据库和一个运营商路由表，以便向用户提供“只需电话号码”的短消息传递能力。
特别地，如图1和2所示，MDC在运营商网络之间充当一个用于消息事务的交换所。
运营商网络与MDC之间的通信可以借助于短消息点到点(SMPP)协议。优选地，MDC全面支持SMPP3.3和3.4，并且还支持其他SMSC接口协议，例如CDMP(Motorola专有)、OIS(Sema专有)、SNPP(寻呼运营商)和WCTP(寻呼运营商)。
在图1中，根据本发明原理的MDC 200包括一个运营商间消息传递模块100，MIN/运营商数据库110以及运营商路由表120。运营商间消息传递模块100允许在用户的运营商1 250与其他运营商网络260、270、280的用户220、230、240分别进行只需电话号码的短消息传递，其中运营商1 250认购(或拥有/保持)了提供运营商间消息传递模块100的运营商间服务供应商(ICSP)。
图2显示的是使用了例如SMPP的用户运营商1 250与使用了例如SMPP、OIS、CDMP、WCTP、SMTP和/或HTTP的接收者运营商3 260之间的示范性通信协议。用户运营商1 250包括SMSC 251、MSC 252以及BS 253。运营商3 260包括一个为SMSC 272、MSC 273以及基站BS 274提供接入(例如IP协议接入)的无线因特网网关271。
就互操作性而言，处于消息分发中心200的中心部分的是如美国专利申请09/630,762中显示和描述的无线因特网网关(WIG)检验运营商的技术。
无线因特网网关在因特网(经由HTTP、SMTP及其他通用网际协议)与运营商的短消息服务中心(SMSC)之间传递文本消息。当前，WIG在与支持SMPP、CDMP和/或OIS协议的SMSC协同操作的世界上的很多运营商的网络中运作。
图3显示了根据本发明的原理而在包括一个运营商间消息传递模块的MDC与使用了TCP/IP协议的其他运营商网络之间的示范性互连。
特别地，如图3所示，MDC 200与运营商之间的一种通信方法借助了如运营商1所描述的SMPP或RMI，其中所述运营商1包括一个无线因特网网关1010、SMSC 1012、STP 1014以及MSC 1016。这种通信技术不需要在发送运营商与接收运营商之间达成一个运营商协议并且能够很快投入市场。
作为选择，如图3中的运营商2所示，在MDC 200与另一个运营商的无线因特网网关1110之间可以使用SMPP、CDMP、OIS或RMI协议通信路径。在这种情况下，无线因特网网关1110是使用SMPP、CDMP或OIS协议来与运营商2的SMSC 1112进行通信的。SMSC 1012、1112、STP 1014、1114以及MSC 1016、1116则使用了SS7协议。这种第二类型的运营商网络支持单向SMS并且能够提供双向SMS，此外不需要进行协议转换。
消息分发中心200是一个存储转发消息传递平台。这里公开的MDC 200使用了一种存储转发方法来确保消息的递送、完整消息追踪以及最大限度的记帐灵活性。
当前，大多数SMS服务供应商都是使用开放式SMTP或HTTP网关来运作的。优选地，MDC 200为所有主要国内运营商和尽可能多的2、3级运营商提供了网络内部连通性。
在网络内部连接不可用的情况下，优选使用的是连至运营商的开放式SMTP和HTTP网关连接。
优选地，MDC 200支持将消息路由到2、3层运营商以及寻呼运营商。
此外也可以实施定制控制方法而使MDC 200能对其他运营商网络的呼入和呼出消息加以限制。这些方法允许MDC 200以运营商为基础来“切断”某个运营商的呼入和/或呼出消息传递。而MDC 200的运营商则可以定义特定的退回(bounce)规则和错误消息，以及相关的报告需要。
除了上文所述之外，在这里可以定一个或多个类别的“防止垃圾邮件”功能，以使MDC 200能够控制来自单个信源(电子邮件地址)或单个域(例如msn.com)的特定的主动提供消息流。MDC 200可以根据以下判据来限制消息：a)在给定时段允许发送到MIN的消息数目，b)从包括电子邮件地址或IP号码在内的特定信源发送的消息数目，以及c)具有特定标题字段(例如“I LOVE YOU”)的消息。
在公开实施例中提供了七种可以将SMS消息发送到无线和寻呼运营商的不同接口方法，其中包括SMTP、HTTP、Win套接字连接、XML远程过程调用、SMPP以及WCTP。
SMTP(简单邮件传送协议)
对于有兴趣使用SMTP电子邮件协议传送文本消息的开发人员来说，这种能力可以用一种易于使用的格式提供。简单就是这种接入方法的优点。然而其功能性则受到了限制。这种方法不允许开发人员充分利用应用编程接口(API)追踪消息状态或设定到期时间的能力。要得到更高级的性能，开发人员必须使用其他接口方法中的一种。
HTTP(超文本传输协议)
通过将用于MIN、文本消息、注册、口令等等的不同参数提交到一个URL，可以将消息分发到无线设备。可以使用用于安全传输的安全套接字层(SSL)来将消息传送到MDC。而针对HTTP post的响应可以用标准的超文本标记语言(HTML)或是可扩展标记语言(XML)来返回，以便进行更容易的数据操作。
Win套接字命令行
开发人员可以选择使用一个牢固的Win套接字命令行接口来与MDC对接，其中所述接口经由一个Telnet会话而为开发人员提供了对于MDC API的全部权限的完整接入。
XML-RPC(可扩展标记语言-远程过程调用)
XML程序员非常熟悉针对API的XML远程过程调用(XML-RPC)接口。XML-RPC接口可以嵌入一个应用并且可以使用XML-RPC规范来“post”消息。
SMPP——短消息点到点协议
短消息点到点协议是一个开放式的行业标准的消息传递协议，它被设计为简化数据应用与无线移动网络的集成。这种协议广泛部署在移动电信行业中。当前，MDC是在完全支持为Q3 2001预定的SMPP3.4的情况下支持有限的SMPP功能的。
SNPP——简单网络寻呼协议
简单网络寻呼协议是一个寻呼行业标准的消息传递协议，它被设计为简化数据应用与寻呼网络的集成。这种协议广泛部署在寻呼行业中。
WCTP——无线通信传送协议
无线通信传送协议(WCTP)特别针对于创建一种传递那些往返于有线系统与能够进行双向通信的无线设备之间的字母数字型及二进制消息的简易装置。尽管WCTP是通过寻呼行业引入的，但是WCTP完全适合往返于大多数其他无线技术之间的消息传递，其中包括PCS、GSM和蜂窝通信。
优选地，MDC支持SMPP规范第3.4和3.3版的Deliver SM和Submit_SM操作，并且支持SMPP未来版本中的类似操作，例如SMPP版本5.0。
MDC的当前作业能力是每秒处理80到100条消息。处于MDC结构核心的是一个无线因特网网关(WIG)。WIG是一个可以高度扩缩的运营商级别的现有产品。优选地，WIG结构允许添加附加的WIG(以及其它网络组件)，以便基于需要来增强性能。此外还可以监视使用性能并且可以根据需要来添加附加性能。
用于为MDC确定等待时间的统计包括从MDC首次接收到消息直至MDC接收到一个关于运营商已接收到消息的确认时的整个时段。在给出这种假设的情况下，对所公开的MDC而言，其最小等待时间小于1秒，平均等待时间大约是2秒。实际上，MDC的最大等待时间是不相关的，因为最长等待时间通常是在目的地运营商网关因为运营商网络问题而在一个时期不可用的情况下出现的。在这种情况下，MDC继续重新尝试发送消息，直到消息期满(一个可配置参数)或是运营商网关可用为止。
在全国范围内可以保持多个运营商级别的网络操作中心(NOC)，这些网络操作中心经由冗余的T-1相连，并且在每个位置都具有镜像应用和服务器。
MDC应用软件功能的基本部件包括从外部信源接受消息的协议栈和其他接口方法。支持的输入协议和接入方法则包括SMPP、SMTP、HTTP、WCTP、XML-RPC以及可以经由一个Telnet会话访问的专有命令行接口。其它部件包括消息供应者有效性和消息追踪记帐功能、MIN目的地有效性功能、消息排队功能、基于MIN范围并针对目的地运营商的消息路由以及针对目的地运营商的呼出消息传送(其中包括基于目的地运营商规范的消息节流)。
较为优选的是，大多数软件都是使用Java语言编写的，由此具有可移植性并且能在众多操作环境中重复使用。并且为了利用远程方法调用(RMI)的优势，所述软件的设计最好是模块化的。RMI能够经由服务器来分发不同部件，由此通过扩展不同物理服务器上的扩展处理能力来增加系统性能。此外，较为优选的是，所述软件是面向对象和多线程的。为了提供强大的性能以及很高的可用性和可扩展性，适当的数据库引擎可以是能从ORACLETM买到的数据库引擎。
图4显示的是图1和2所示的示范性移动标识号码(MIN)/运营商数据库110中的示范性条目。
特别地，如图4所示，第一条目310包含了MIN(也就是电话号码)410-555-1212与运营商AT&TTM之间的关系。第二条目320表明电话号码410-123-4567是由VerizonTM提供服务的，第三条目则表明第四MIN 212-654-3210是由SprintTM提供服务的。
优选地，MIN/运营商数据库中的条目可以包括全部MIN中的大多数MIN。例如在优选实施例中，MIN/运营商数据库110是用来源于委托FCC管制的市话交换机登记处(LER)的信息填充的，当前，所述市话交换机登记处包括了在美国使用的大约85％的MIN。当然，在本发明的原理以内，这些MIN也可以根据需要或是要求而使用那些以别的方式不在LER中的MIN来进行扩充。
图5显示的是图1和2中所示的示范性运营商路由表120中的示范性条目。
特别地，如图5所示，第一条目488表明运营商间服务供应商(ICSP)与运营商“AT&T”之间的通信借助于SMTP协议(也就是电子邮件)，并且为了交付到AT&T所接收的只需电话号码的短消息应该附以语法“@mobile.att.net”。第二条目489则表明ICSP与运营商“Verizon”之间的通信借助于SMTP协议，并且只需电话号码发送的短消息应该附加以语法“@mobile.myportal.xyzwireless.net”。
在图5中所示的示范性运营商路由表可以扩展成包括运营商的国家，从而允许包括必要的语法(例如附加到电子邮件地址上的国家代码)并使用特定通信链路等等。
在对手工输入“@mobile.xyzwireless.net”这类语法的替换方案(假设发送者知道关联于接收者电话号码的特定运营商)加以考虑的时候，很容易就能了解到根据本发明原理的只需电话号码的短消息传递体验的优点。
图6描述的是运营商1 250的用户210向不同运营商2 270(例如并未认购包括运营商间消息传递模块的ICSP(也就是服务局)的运营商)的用户发送短消息的只需电话号码的体验。特别地，如图6所示，通过运营商间消息传递模块100自动确定运营提供商所服务的用户500以及MDC 200的运营商间消息传递模块100与运营商2 270之间的通信方法，然后则将适当的语法添加(例如追加)到电话号码中，以便自动将所述短消息寻址到“410-555-1234”，由此用户210只要使用用户500的简单电话号码410-555-1234就可以发送短消息。
根据本发明的原理，由用户210发送到用户555的短消息最好结合采用了仅以电话号码形式的发送者地址来进行发送，以简化回送到发端用户210的只需电话号码的短消息应答。然而较为优选的是，本发明使用了“443-994-9854@mdc.carrier-1.net”这种完整正式的SMTP地址来向用户210提供应答短消息(和/或新的短消息)。
虽然本发明的实施例涉及的是将语法添加到电话号码末端(也就是追加所述语法)，但是本发明同样涉及向电话号码添加一个前缀以及在电话号码内部插入语法信息和/或将后缀信息添加到电话号码末端。
图7描述的是根据本发明原理使运营商1 250的用户210从另一个运营商2 270的用户500接收短消息的只需电话号码的体验，其中举例来说，所述运营商2 270并未认购包括运营商间消息传递模块100的ICSP(也就是服务局)。
特别地，用户500发送的是一个寻址到4439949854@mdc.carrier-1.net的短消息。这个短消息通常会到达用户移动电话210，其中所述消息指示的是一个使用了多于仅仅一个电话号码的信源，而这与期望只用原始(clean)电话号码的体验的本发明优选实施例相违背。
为了依照本发明来提供只需电话号码的体验，发送到用户210的短消息是经由运营商间消息传递模块100来路由的，其中优选剥离短消息源地址中的语法，直到只有电话号码为止。这样一来，用户210会看到一个似乎是“4105551234”发送的短消息。
在操作中，参考图1，运营商1 250从用户210那里使用只有电话号码(也就是MIN)的目的地址来接收一个短消息。运营商250的SMSC检查短消息的预定目的地。如果运营商250没有将电话号码识别为运营商250的另一个用户，则运营商250经由一条SMPP通信路径来把短消息连同电话号码一起转储到MDC 200的运营商间消息传递模块100中。
运营商间消息传递模块100访问MIN/运营商数据库110，以便执行一个MIN数据库查找，所述查找返回的是向所述电话号码提供服务的运营商的名称(例如Verizon)。
此后，运营商间消息传递模块100访问运营商路由表120，以便确定MDC 200如何与从MIN/运营商数据库查找中返回的特定运营商进行通信(例如SMTP)。此外，运营商路由表120最好返回恰当的语法，以便将其添加到电话号码，从而恰当地路由所述短消息(例如“@msg.myvzw.com”)。
现在，结合现有的恰当语法，运营商间消息传递模块100组合一个全新的短消息，其中包含了添加语法的电话号码(例如4107033375@msg.myvzw.com)、短消息主体、发端地址以及优先级和到期日期等可选参数。
通过包含源地址(即电话号码)，可以为接收者提供应答所接收的短消息的能力。所述源地址可以包括完整的信源地址，其中包括电话号码和恰当语法，但这会导致一个可能的应答短消息，而这个应答短消息则违反了某些运营商用户所预期的只需电话号码的体验。因此较为优选的是，添加初始发送的短消息中的源地址，以使任何应答短消息都会经由包含运营商间消息传递模块的MDC 200而被强制返回，其中所述运营商间消息传递模块识别新的接收者电话号码并使用剥离的语法来转发所述短消息。
例如，在用户210的电话号码那里可以将初始短消息源地址与MDC 200的语法一起设定(例如4439110002@mdc.att.net)。运营商间消息传递模块100将会拷贝来自非订购运营商的应答短消息主体(也就是使用目的地地址中包含的语法)，并且将会应用可选参数并执行另一个MIN表查找和路由表查找，从而制订一个全新的短消息并且将这个应答短消息回复给客户运营商250的用户210。
图8是一个代表根据本发明原理经由消息分发中心运营商间消息传递服务所进行的基于IP的运营商间短消息服务消息事务的示范性详细“呼叫流程”。
步骤700：用户A从双向消息传递设备向用户B发起一个消息。这个消息寻址到用户B的电话号码(也就是仅仅寻址到用户的移动标识号码(MIN))。
步骤702：运营商A的网络部件识别那些不在运营商A内部的地址，并且举例来说，运营商A的网络部件将这些地址经由SMPP、CDMP、OIS、超文本传输协议(HTTP)(也就是万维网)、SMTP(也就是电子邮件)、无线通信传输协议(WCTP)(也就是寻呼网络)、简单网络寻呼协议(SNPP)、XML-RPC或TCP/IP套接字API转发到MDC。
步骤704、706或708：当MDC接收到来自运营商A的消息时，它首先确定的是目的地运营商(运营商B)以及运营商B所支持的协议。然后MDC则将MDC/运营商A的域(图中的mdc.carrier-a.net)附加于MDC/运营商A的电话号码并且由此路由所述消息。
步骤710：运营商B的无线因特网网关将消息路由到运营商B自己的SMSC。
步骤720：运营商B的SMSC经由恰当的空中接口(例如经由一个SS7链路)将消息递送到用户B的双向消息传递设备。
步骤730：用户B应答所述消息。该消息经由恰当的空中接口(例如SS7链路)路由到运营商B的SMSC。
步骤740、760和780：根据与运营商B所享有的关系类型，使用SMPP(或其它协议)直接把消息从运营商B的SMSC传送到MDC或是使用SMPP(或其它协议)直接将其导向运营商B的因特网网关，然后使用SMTP或HTTP将其导入MDC。
步骤782：MDC从运营商B接收一个对初始消息做出应答的移动始发消息。MDC将所述消息路由到运营商A的网络。
步骤784：运营商A的网络接收所述消息并且将其转发到用户A的双向消息传递设备。
图8所示呼叫流程的另一个功能是它允许支持递送回执的运营商A的设备与运营商B的设备之间的递送回执通知。
通过消息链接特征，MDC 200确定运营商B所支持的消息长度，如果必要的话，则MDC 200会将冗长的消息断开成多个链接的消息。
本发明使得具有标准键盘的双向寻呼机仅需电话号码就能发送寻址到任何移动电话(或是任何其他寻呼机)的短消息。
对根据本发明原理的运营商间消息传递模块和相关数据库而言，其只需电话号码的能力具有桥接非SMS消息传递设备的能力，例如ReFlex和Mobitex寻呼机。
本发明提供了多种好处。举例来说，经由主要运营商网络所进行的简单的“只需电话号码”的SMS消息传递明显增加了对于SMS消息传递的持续采用，特别是在美国。另外，运营商可以构造自己的定价计划，以便通过控制管理根据本发明原理的运营商间消息传递来确认来自运营商间消息的附加收入。
此外，本发明提供了SMS业务量管理和控制，并且为运营商提供了来源于国际消息传递的潜在附加收益来源。
相对于北美的蜂窝和PCS运营商与寻呼网络运营商(例如Verizon Wireless、AT&T Wireless、Sprint PCS、Voice Stream、SkyTel等等)，以及由使用不同空中接口技术的运营商服务的其他市场而言，本发明具有特殊的用途。
虽然在这里参考示范性实施例而对本发明进行了描述，但是在不脱离本发明真实实质和范围的情况下，本领域技术人员能对所描述的本发明实施例做出不同的修改。

Claims (14)

1.一种消息分发中心，其中通过以下设备来提供一种只需电话号码的体验：
一个将用户MIN号码与服务运营商相关联的数据库；
一个将运营商与路由语法相关联的数据库；以及
一个运营商间消息传递模块，它接收一个只用MIN号码寻址的短消息，以便在所述关联于用户MIN号码的数据库以及所述将运营商与路由语法相关联的数据库中执行一个查找，并且把从所述查找中确定的路由语法添加到所述MIN号码中。
2.根据权利要求1的消息分发中心，其中：
所述将用户MIN号码与服务运营商相关联的数据库以及所述将运营商与路由语法相关联的数据库处于一个公共数据库中。
3.根据权利要求1的消息分发中心，其中：
所述MIN是一个电话号码。
4.根据权利要求1的消息分发中心，其中：
所述消息分发中心形成了一个存储转发短消息传递平台。
5.一种用于向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的方法，包括：
接收一个仅仅寻址到MIN的初始短消息；
将一个提供服务的运营商与所述MIN相关联；
制订一个包括所述初始短消息主体的新的短消息，其中所述新的短消息是用一个与提供服务给所述MIN的所述运营商相关联的语法而被重新寻址到所述MIN的；以及
对所述新的短消息进行路由。
6.根据权利要求5的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的方法，其中：
所述只需电话号码寻址的短消息是在一个服务局接收的，并且所述新的短消息是从所述服务局路由的。
7.根据权利要求5的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的方法，其中：
所述MIN是一个电话号码。
8.根据权利要求5的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的方法，其中：
带有所述附加语法的所述MIN形成了一个可路由地址，其中所述附加语法与提供服务给所述MIN的所述运营商相关联。
9.根据权利要求8的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的方法，其中：
所述可路由地址是一个电子邮件地址。
10.用于向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的设备，包括：
接收一个只寻址到MIN的初始短消息的装置；
将一个提供服务的运营商与所述MIN相关联的装置；
制订一个包括所述初始短消息主体的新的短消息的装置，其中所述新的短消息是用一个与提供服务给所述MIN的所述运营商相关联的语法而被重新寻址到所述MIN的；以及
路由所述新的短消息的装置。
11.根据权利要求10的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的设备，其中：
所述只需电话号码寻址的短消息是在一个服务局接收的，并且所述新的短消息是从所述服务局路由的。
12.根据权利要求10的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的设备，其中：
所述MIN是一个电话号码。
13.根据权利要求10的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的设备，其中：
带有所述附加语法的所述MIN形成了一个可路由地址，其中所述附加语法与提供服务给所述MIN的所述运营商相关联。
14.根据权利要求13的向用户提供只需电话号码的体验的设备，其中：
所述可路由地址是一个电子邮件地址。
CN02819719.4A 2001-09-05 2002-09-05 提供只需电话号码的体验的运营商间的短消息服务 Pending CN1565137A (zh)

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US20030045309A1 (en) 2003-03-06
US20080153527A1 (en) 2008-06-26
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USRE41006E1 (en) 2009-11-24
US8483729B2 (en) 2013-07-09
US20110136520A1 (en) 2011-06-09
US20060148453A1 (en) 2006-07-06
US20050208957A1 (en) 2005-09-22
US8682362B2 (en) 2014-03-25
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