CN1331076C - 实时搜索引擎 - Google Patents

实时搜索引擎 Download PDF

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CN1331076C
CN1331076C CNB008189943A CN00818994A CN1331076C CN 1331076 C CN1331076 C CN 1331076C CN B008189943 A CNB008189943 A CN B008189943A CN 00818994 A CN00818994 A CN 00818994A CN 1331076 C CN1331076 C CN 1331076C
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server
search engine
data object
provider server
steps
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CN1518708A (zh
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S·范宁
J·范宁
E·克斯勒尔
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Moonlight 82 Department Enterprise Security Alliance No 1
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Napster Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
    • G06F16/38—Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/70—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of video data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/951—Indexing; Web crawling techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/61—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources taking into account QoS or priority requirements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
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Abstract

公开了描述一种用于创建一个在国际互联网上的实时搜索引擎的方法，该实时搜索引擎响应于一个接收者客户端的搜索请求，提供一个包含了数据对象的数据对象描述和服务器描述的搜索响应，其中该数据对象是当前可用于从一个供应者服务器直接传输到一个接收者客户端的。该方法包含通过国际互连网连接到一个实时搜索引擎的供应者服务器，该供应者服务器向该实时搜索引擎提供驻留在该供应者服务器上的数据对象的数据对象描述，而且该实时搜索引擎索引与该供应者服务器的数据对象相关的数据对象描述，其中当该供应者服务器从该实时搜索引擎断开时，从该实时搜索引擎中删除由该供应者服务器提供的数据对象描述。

Description

实时搜索引擎
背景技术
搜索引擎，如同他们当前存在于国际互联网上那样，由全世界的人使用以发现和下载所关心的、驻留在服务器上的数据对象。一般地，这些搜索引擎定期检查在国际互联网上的许多服务器来查看每个服务器包含什么数据对象。此后，该搜索引擎构造每个服务器内容的一个索引，并且连接该内容到那个服务器的位置。
索引的构造是一个耗时的任务，而且由于涉及该服务器和搜索引擎的相对成本，所以索引构造不能经常进行。为了减少在搜索引擎索引构造器和包含被搜索数据的服务器上的负担，牺牲了由该搜索引擎创建的信息的及时性。
这意味着该搜索引擎索引是很快过时的。对于某些类型的数据对象，这不意味着什么，因为该数据对象被相对缓慢地创建和修改。然而，对于被相对经常地创建和删除的数据对象来说，该搜索引擎索引是不切实际的，而且对于被每天增加和删除的数据对象来说，标准的搜索引擎事实上是没用的。此外，当前的范例假定一个相对静态的服务器环境，但是在一个其中服务器相对频繁地上线和下线、以及数据对象被每小时或者更频繁地增加和删除的环境中，标准的搜索引擎方法是完全没有用的。
因此，能够看出存在一个维持驻留在当前连接到国际互联网的服务器上的数据内容的一个最新索引的国际互联网搜索引擎的需要。
还进一步存在对一个实时搜索引擎的需要，其中该搜索引擎显著地降低了使用由现有技术采用的方法构造一个搜索引擎的成本。
概述
本发明通过提供一种用于创建一个在国际互联网上的实时搜索引擎的方法来满足这些需要，该实时搜索引擎响应于一个接收者客户端的搜索请求，提供一个包含数据对象的数据对象描述和服务器描述34的搜索答复，其中该数据对象是当前可用于从一个供应者服务器直接传送到一个接收者客户端的。该方法包含通过国际互联网连接到一个实时搜索引擎的供应者服务器，该供应者服务器向该实时搜索引擎提供驻留在供应者服务器上的数据对象的数据对象描述，而且该实时搜索引擎索引与该供应者服务器的数据对象相关的数据对象描述，其中当该供应者服务器从该实时搜索引擎断开时，则从该实时搜索引擎中清除由该供应者服务器提供的数据对象描述。该方法进一步包含：供应者服务器自动地、实时向该实时搜索引擎提供被添加给该供应者服务器的数据对象的数据对象描述。
更可取地是，该方法进一步包含：该供应者服务器自动地、实时通知从该供应者服务器中被删除了的数据对象的实时搜索引擎，其中该实时搜索引擎然后清除该数据对象描述。
数据对象描述包含任何下列内容：数据对象的标题、数据对象的大小、数据对象的类型、任何与该数据对象相关的文本、数据对象的创建者、数据对象的质量等级、以及数据对象所驻留的供应者服务器。服务器描述34包含任何下列内容：该服务器国际互联网协议地址、由该服务器允许的同时连接数目、该服务器的可靠性、以及该服务器的名称。
更可取地是，使用了一个客户端搜索命令，其中一个接收者客户端搜索该数据对象描述，以查找最好的数据对象并选择驻留有该数据对象的最佳供应者服务器。
此外，该接收者客户端搜索请求进一步包含一个供应者服务器限制标准，其中搜索引擎删除不满足该服务器限制标准的所有供应者服务器的搜索响应。
在一个最佳实施例中，该供应者服务器限制标准包含一个带宽限制，其中搜索引擎删除具有一个低于该带宽限制的带宽容量的供应者服务器的搜索响应。
可选的是，该实时搜索引擎清除不能接受附加的接收者客户端下载请求的供应者服务器的搜索响应。
此外在一个最佳实施例中，由该客户端分类一个自动的搜索响应。由该响应度值来分类该自动的搜索响应，其中通过测量一个回声应答消息由该供应者服务器回复到该接收者客户端所花费的时间数量来确定响应度值。更可取地，如果该供应者服务器没有在一个具体的时间期限内答复该接收者客户端的回声请求，则从该搜索响应中删除该供应者服务器。
该数据对象是从包含一个音频数据对象、一个文本数据对象、一个图像数据对象、一个视频数据对象、以及一个软件可执行程序数据对象的组中选择出来的类型。
在一个最佳实施例中，该实时搜索引擎进一步包含：接收者在搜索响应中选择一个供应者服务器，然后该接收者客户端从选择的供应者服务器中下载该数据对象。此外，该接收者客户端同时作为一个对其他接收者客户端的供应者服务器进行操作，使已经由该接收者客户端下载的数据对象变为可以由在该国际互联网上的其他接收者客户端得到。
附图简要说明
图1是本发明中的系统的一个最佳实施例的一个概图；
图2是具有它的搜索引擎、索引构造器以及网关组件的实时搜索引擎的一个最佳实施例的一个概图；
图3是当从国际互联网下载一个新的数据对象或者相反一个新的数据对象被添加到该供应者服务器中时、在登录过程期间对该数据对象集合进行初始扫描时的处理过程的一个实施例的一个流程图；以及
图4是由一个接收者客户端构造的一个搜索请求的一个实施例的流程图。
详细说明
本发明提供了一种用于创建一个在国际互联网上的实时搜索引擎的方法，该实时搜索引擎响应于一个接收者客户端的搜索请求，提供一个包含了数据对象的数据对象描述和服务器描述34的搜索响应，其中该数据对象是当前可用于从一个供应者服务器直接传送到一个接收者客户端的。这个发明的要素是当该供应者服务器和该实时搜索引擎断开时，从该实时搜索引擎中清除由该供应者服务器提供的数据对象描述。这向接收者客户端提供了仅仅包含那些当前可以用来提供和传送任何数据到该接收者客户端的服务器来源的搜索结果。
现在转到附图，图1中显示了本发明的总体结构和它的组件。实质上一个实时搜索的组件包含至少一个接收者客户端16，其连接到该实时搜索引擎10以定位一个期望的数据对象24。至少一个供应者服务器12连接到该实时搜索引擎，并且提供一个或多个数据对象描述22到该实时搜索引擎。如果该供应者服务器12和该实时搜索引擎断开，则从该实时搜索引擎中清除该数据对象描述22，以指示那些数据对象24不再可用于从该供应者服务器下载到该接收者客户端16。
更可取地是，该供应者服务器自动地、实时向该实时搜索引擎提供被添加给该供应者服务器12的数据对象24的数据对象描述22。
此外，更可取地是，该供应者服务器还自动地、实时向该实时搜索引擎10通知：数据对象24从该供应者服务器12中被删除了，其中该实时搜索引擎然后清除该数据对象描述22。
接收者客户端
接收者客户端连接到该实时搜索引擎10，以查找包含有该接收者客户端16希望从一个供应者服务器下载的特定数据对象的最佳供应者服务器。该接收者客户端最好使用一个接收者浏览器18，用于和该实时搜索引擎10通讯以及用于从该搜索引擎中构造搜索请求。这些浏览器的实例包含Nescape Communicator或者Microsoft Explorer或者其它的定制界面。
连接一般是提供了一种用于在连接的实体之间传输信息的方法的软件协议；一个这样的协议实例是TCP，它是用于本发明的最佳连接协议。然而，其它满足和TCP具有同样的基本功能的协议(诸如具有重发、以及一个断开超时的UDP)也将是足够的。这些协议在本技术领域内是众所周知的。
在另一个实施例中，数据对象24是一个文本文件，搜索请求包含下列中的任何一个：一个部分文件名、关键字、作者、文件大小、类别、以及该文本的描述。
在一个其中数据对象24是一个音频数据文件的实施例中，搜索请求包含下列中的任何一个：一个部分文件名、一个比特率(bps)、一个数据的采样率(Hz)、该文件的大小、持续时间、作者或者艺术家的姓名、歌曲名称、流派、以及专集名称。
在另一个其中数据对象24是一个图像或者视频文件的实施例中，搜索请求包含下列中的任何一个：一个部分文件名、压缩数量和类型、文件大小、类别、以及该图像或者视频的描述。
当一个搜索响应返回到该接收者时，接收者浏览器18显示该搜索请求的结果用于由该接收者检查。
在一个最佳实施例中，接收者客户端16确定在该搜索响应中返回的每一个供应者服务器的一个响应时间。通过该接收者客户端16发送一个ICMP回送包到每个供应者服务器，并且测量从该供应者服务器接收一个响应需要花费的时间数量，来测量该响应时间。该接收者客户端浏览器18使用该响应时间来分类数据对象描述22，然后按照它们响应时间的次序显示该供应者服务器的数据对象描述。
在一个实施例中，接收者可以选择一个用于该搜索引擎10的搜索参数，以提供一个仅仅包含在具有一个最小数据传送带宽容量的供应者服务器上的数据对象描述的搜索响应38。
在另一个实施例中，接收者引导该搜索引擎返回一个仅仅包含用于当前不是太忙而不能接受额外的下载请求的供应者服务器的数据对象描述的搜索响应38。
在一个实施例中，该供应者服务器不是位于一个防火墙后面。该接收者客户端16通过直接连接到该供应者服务器、请求一个数据对象、然后把该数据对象存储在接收者的数据对象集合中，从该供应者服务器下载一个数据对象24。
在一个实施例中，使用一个计分机制，从至少两个能提供一个期望的数据对象的供应者服务器中自动地选择出一个最佳供应者服务器。该计分机制包含从该接收者客户端到供应者服务器的往返响应时间、供应者服务器的国际互联网连接线速度(数据传送速度)、文件大小、以及该供应者服务器的可靠性。最好的计分通常来自于一个具有一个高的线速度和高的供应者服务器可靠性的供应者服务器。具有最好计分的供应者服务器最好由该接收者客户端选择用于下载。
在另一个实施例中，为了确定该最好计分，接收者客户端或者服务器把用于每个数据对象传输的实际传输率上载到该实时搜索引擎，其中该实际传输率被用来计算该供应者服务器的有效线速度。
供应者服务器
每个供应者服务器都包含可能从该供应者服务器下载的数据对象24的一个数据对象集合。当该供应者服务器准备提供数据对象到任何请求接收者客户端16时，该供应者服务器连接到该实时搜索引擎，并且上载在该数据对象集合中的每个数据对象的描述。该实时搜索引擎立即进行更新。数据对象描述22包含任何下列内容：该数据对象的标题、该数据对象的大小、数据对象的类型、任何与该数据对象相关的文本、该数据对象的创建者、该数据对象的质量等级、以及该数据对象所驻留的供应者服务器。
在该最佳实施例中，在供应者服务器和实时搜索引擎10之间的连接使用TCP协议实现。在供应者服务器12和实时搜索引擎之间发送不定期的消息来声明在两者之间的连接是有效的。如果没有从该供应者服务器收到消息持续几分钟时间的话，则该连接被关闭了，而且到该供应者服务器的连接被中断了。
在一个实施例中，该供应者服务器在连接到该实时搜索引擎之后，通过传送一个登录名和密码，立即使用一个登录过程来向该实时搜索引擎验证它本身。
在另一个实施例中，如果该供应者服务器12由一个防火墙保护的话，则做出一个决定，并且在初始登录期间把这个决定传输到该实时搜索引擎10。
在又一个实施例中，当该供应者服务器扫描在该数据对象集合中的数据对象时，通过检查在文件名上的扩展名来确定每个数据对象的类型(。mp3、.jpg、.mpg、.doc是其中的一些实例)。没有扩展名的文件被忽略了。确认每个文件以便正确地格式化包含在其中的数据。验证失败的数据对象不把它们的描述上载到该实时搜索引擎上。
当数据对象被增加到该供应者服务器上时，该供应者服务器传送该新的数据对象描述到该实时搜索引擎。同样地，当删除一个数据对象24时，该供应者服务器12通知该实时搜索引擎进行删除。
在一个实施例中，在登录过程期间，该供应者服务器仅仅传送自上次连接到该实时搜索引擎以来在它的数据对象集合中进行的变化。该实时搜索引擎10和供应者服务器都存储一份已经上载到该实时搜索引擎的数据对象描述，而且全部都成功地证实了对那些描述的改变。以这种方法，为大的数据对象集合最小化了从该供应者服务器到该实时搜索引擎传送的初始信息。
在该最佳实施例中，该数据对象集合是在该供应者服务器上的至少一个目录。做为选择，数据对象集合包含其它的目录，这些目录它们自己包含其它的数据对象或更多的目录。
在另一个实施例中，该数据对象集合被存储在一个远离该供应者服务器12的计算机上，但是可以由该供应者服务器访问。一个数据对象集合是在一个数据库中的可选数据对象，在一个目录中的文件，在存储器中、在CD-ROM上、在闪速存储器上的数据对象等。
在一个实施例中，该供应者服务器还包含一个服务器描述，其包含它自己到国际互联网的数据传输线带宽，而且在到该实时搜索引擎的初始连接期间上载这个服务器描述。
在一个最佳实施例，供应者服务器和接收者客户端16都位于同一个可执行映像内部。因此，每当一个接收者运行一个接收者浏览器时，他还同时运行一个供应者服务器。
在一个实施例中，由该接收者客户端从其它供应者服务器下载的数据对象马上被添加到数据对象集合中，以让这些数据对象立即可以由在该国际互联网络上的其他接收者客户端得到。在这个实施例中，大大地促进了数据对象贯穿供应者服务器和接收者客户端网络的快速散播。
在一个最佳实施例中，通过执行该数据对象的一个校验和来构造一个数据对象的指纹。每一个数据对象都由该数据对象数据的指纹唯一地标识。
在一个最佳实施例中，如果该供应者服务器12不在一个隔火墙后面，则接收者客户端直接连接到该供应者服务器，并且要求一个选择的数据对象从该供应者服务器传送并且下载到该接收者客户端16。如果该供应者服务器在一个隔火墙后面，则该接收者客户端16要求该实时搜索引擎10传递该下载请求到供应者服务器。当该供应者服务器接收这个下载请求时，它然后连接到该接收者客户端16，而且然后发生该下载。如果该供应者服务器12和接收者客户端都由隔火墙保护，则一个代理服务器被用来有助于该传输。该接收者客户端向实时搜索引擎通知该下载请求，实时搜索引擎传送该请求到供应者服务器，接收者客户端和供应者服务器都连接到代理服务器，该代理服务器然后允许数据流动，并且因此在该接收者客户端和供应者服务器之间通过代理服务器发生下载。
实时搜索引擎
如图2所示，在一个最佳实施例中，该实时搜索引擎具有下列组件：至少一个搜索引擎网关、至少一个搜索引擎、至少一个搜索引擎索引构造器、以及一个搜索引擎索引。
搜索引擎网关
在该最佳实施例中，连接到该实时搜索引擎的每一个供应者服务器连接到该搜索引擎网关44组件。当一个供应者服务器上载有关它包含的数据对象的信息时，该搜索引擎网关44获取这个信息，并且把它传递到搜索引擎索引构造器42，该构造器使用它来更新该搜索引擎索引。当一个供应者服务器断开该实时搜索引擎、或者由一个网络错误断开该实时搜索引擎、或者相反不能和该实时搜索引擎进行通讯时，该搜索引擎网关检测到这个，并且通知该搜索引擎索引构造器42，该构造器42反过来从该搜索引擎索引中删除由那个供应者服务器12上载的数据对象描述。
做为选择，当一个特定供应者服务器被断开时，该搜索引擎索引构造器42实际上不删除该数据对象，但是相反标记该数据对象描述为“不可用的”。当那个供应者服务器重新连接时，并不是传送数据对象描述的整个列表，它仅仅传送在该断开阶段期间也许已经发生的、对它的数据对象集合的改变。在搜索期间，该搜索引擎40忽略全部被标记为“不可用的”数据对象描述。
在一个实施例中，每一个接收者客户端16还连接到一个搜索引擎网关。在这个实施例中，每一个搜索引擎网关44反过来连接到一个搜索引擎40。所有来自于接收者客户端的搜索请求被传输到该搜索引擎网关，而且该搜索引擎网关然后传输该搜索请求到连接的搜索引擎。该搜索引擎执行该搜索请求，并且传输该搜索响应38返回到搜索引擎网关，该网关反过来传输该搜索响应到原有的接收者客户端。
在另一实施例中，该搜索引擎网关跟踪起源于接收者客户端的数据对象下载。该接收者客户端传送一个请求以从一个供应者服务器下载一个特定的数据对象。如果该下载是成功的话，该接收者客户端16通知该搜索引擎网关44该下载完成了。使用这个信息，该搜索引擎网关记录该供应者服务器的可靠性，以及从一个特定供应者服务器下载数据对象的接收者客户端的当前数量。
搜索引擎
搜索引擎从接收者客户端接收搜索请求36，执行该搜索请求，并且构造搜索响应。该搜索响应被传送回该接收者客户端。
在另一个实施例中，该搜索引擎还从搜索引擎网关接收搜索请求，这就是说简单地转发来自于接收者客户端的搜索请求。
在该最佳实施例中，一个搜索请求包含：一部分数据对象名称、一个可选的最小数据对象质量评定、一个可选的最小供应者服务器连接带宽、以及一个可选的、要被检索的数据对象描述的最大数量。
每一个搜索响应包含一个数据对象描述列表以及一个服务器描述列表。在该最佳实施例中，在该检索响应中返回在该数据对象描述和服务器描述中的字段的一个子集，包含：一个供应者服务器名称和网络协议(IP)地址、一个供应者服务器带宽描述(56k调制解调器、DSL、T1、等)、一个数据对象名称(在该音频实施例中的，歌曲授予称号和艺术家名称)、一个数据对象指纹、一个数据对象大小(以字节为单位)、以及一个数据对象质量评定。
为了执行该搜索，该搜索引擎使用在该搜索请求中的字段来扫描保存在该搜索引擎索引中的记录。如果一个特定数据对象描述被标记为“不可用”的话，则它由该搜索引擎忽略。
在一个实施例中，该搜索引擎网关和搜索引擎存在于同一个过程中。在另一个实施例中，该搜索引擎网关和搜索引擎存在于不同的过程之中，但是在同一个机器上运行。机器、搜索引擎网关、和搜索引擎的许多配置是可能的。
搜索引擎索引
在一个最佳实施例中，该搜索引擎索引具有两个内部表。这些表格包含一个数据对象描述表格和一个供应者服务器描述表格。这些表格由该搜索引擎索引构造器管理。
该供应者服务器描述表格包含供应者服务器描述34的一个集合。这些字段中的某些由该供应者服务器在初始连接到该搜索引擎网关期间上载。其它的在事件发生时被计算出来。在该最佳实施例中，在这个表格中的条目包含下列字段：
-服务器名称& IP地址
-密码
-连接带宽(T1、56k调制解调器、DSL、等)
-必须把数据对象推到接收者客户端？
-用于这个服务器的数据对象描述列表
-由供应者服务器允许的剩余可用连接
-站点可靠性(成功传输％)
该数据对象描述表格包含数据对象描述22的一个集合。这些由供应者服务器12上载。当添加数据对象时，上载新的数据对象描述。当删除数据对象时，删除现有的数据对象描述或者可选地对它们进行标记用于删除。在一个最佳实施例中，在这个表格中的条目包含下列字段：
-文件名
-元数据(在音频实施例中，为歌曲名称、艺术家名称、歌曲描述)
-该数据对象指纹
-大小(以字节为单位)
-质量评定(在音频实施例中，编码比特率和取样频率)
-一个到该供应者服务器描述记录的连接
执行过程
该系统服务于五个不同的执行过程：数据对象添加、数据对象删除、搜索请求、供应者服务器连接、供应者服务器断开。
数据对象添加
在一个如图3所示的实施例中，当一个新的数据对象在一个供应者服务器上被创建时、当一个新的数据对象从国际互连网下载时、或者在登录过程期间初始扫描该数据对象集合时，发生下列过程：
a)计算该数据对象指纹，
b)给予一个数据对象一个名称、一个来源名称、大小、和一个质量评定，以形成一个数据对象描述，
c)该数据对象描述被上载到搜索引擎网关，而且被传递到该搜索引擎索引构造器，
d)该搜索引擎索引构造器在该搜索引擎索引中创建一个新的数据对象描述入口，以及
e)该搜索引擎索引构造器更新用于这个服务器的供应者服务器描述入口以反映新的数据对象描述入口。
数据对象删除
在一个实施例中，当一个存在的数据对象被删除了时，发生下列过程：
a)检索该数据对象指纹，
b)该数据对象指纹被被传送到搜索引擎网关，而且被传递到该搜索引擎索引构造器，
c)该搜索引擎索引构造器删除用于那个供应者服务器的数据对象描述入口，以及
d)该搜索引擎索引构造器更新用于那个供应者服务器的供应者服务器描述入口以反映数据对象描述的删除。
搜索请求
在如图4所示的一个实施例中，当一个搜索请求由一个接收者客户端16构造时，发生下列过程：
a)该搜索请求被上载到该搜索引擎，
b)该搜索引擎为所有在该数据对象名称上匹配的对象搜索该数据对象描述表格中的名称栏，
c)该搜索引擎使用该供应者服务器带宽限制和该最小的质量评定限制来精减所产生的数据对象描述列表，
d)如果在任何时候返回的数据对象描述数目超过数据对象描述最大数目限制，则该搜索终止并且不再检索更多的数据对象描述，以及
e)产生的数据对象描述和相关的服务器描述列表被发送到该接收者客户端。
供应者服务器连接
c在一个实施例中，当一个供应者服务器第一次连接该实时搜索引擎时，发生下列过程：
a)为该供应者服务器创建一个供应者服务器描述记录，
b)用于在该供应者服务器数据对象集合中的所有数据对象的数据对象描述被上载到搜索引擎网关，并且被传递到该搜索引擎索引构造器，以及
c)该搜索引擎索引构造器如同一个数据对象添加过程那样，处理每一个上载的数据对象描述。
供应者服务器断开
在一个实施例中，当一个供应者服务器从该实时搜索引擎断开时，发生下列过程：
a)该搜索引擎索引构造器如同在该数据对象删除过程中那样，删除所有涉及这个供应者服务器的数据对象描述，以及
b)该搜索引擎索引构造器删除该供应者服务器描述记录，或者把该记录可选地标记为用于删除。
替换实施例
在一个实施例中，数据对象是音频文件，而且数据对象描述包含从该音频文件本身获得的文件名、比特率、取样频率、以及大小。在这个实施例中，更可取地是该接收者客户端16还包含一个音频播放器，用于播放该音频文件。此外，该供应者服务器包含一个机制用于从一个CD或者其它音频介质来源构造一个音频文件，并且把新创建的声音文件存放到该数据对象集合中。
在另一个实施例中，该数据对象是图像和视频文件，而且数据对象描述包含文件名、压缩详情及其它从该。jpg文件本身获得的信息，以及该图像的一个简要描述。在这个实施例中，更可取地是该接收者客户端16应用也包括一个用于显示该图像或者视频文件的装置，而且该供应者服务器包括一个用于从一张照片或者其它可视图像来源产生一个图像或者视频文件的装置。
在又一个实施例中，该数据对象可以是文本、音频、图像、和视频数据对象。示例格式包含HTML文本、MP3音频、JPEG静止图像、和MPEG视频数据。每一个不同类型的数据对象然后也通过类型、以及名称、和先前提及的另一个属性进行区分。
当新的图像源、和图像压缩及存储机制变得可用时，用于这些协议和存储格式的数据对象产生方法能够被添加到该接收者客户端和供应者服务器而不背离这个发明的精神。

Claims (23)

1.一种更新服务于多个服务器的搜索引擎索引的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：
a.在一个搜索引擎与第一服务器之间建立通信链路；
b.从第一服务器登录到所述搜索引擎，其中登录到所述搜索引擎的步骤包括如下步骤：
i.把第一数据对象的第一数据对象描述从第一服务器上载到所述搜索引擎索引之内的数据对象描述表；
ii.把第一服务器描述从第一服务器上载到所述搜索引擎索引之内的服务器描述表；以及
iii.使第一服务器描述与所述搜索引擎索引之内的第一数据对象描述相关。
2.按权利要求1的方法，还包括如下步骤：
a.把一个对按照第二数据对象描述所定义的第二数据对象的请求从第一服务器传送到所述搜索引擎；
b.把第二数据对象从第二服务器下载到第一服务器；以及
c.向所述搜索引擎通知：所述下载步骤完成了。
3.按权利要求1的方法，还包括如下步骤：
a.把一个作为目标的数据对象从第一服务器之内的一个指定的文件中删除；以及
b.向所述搜索引擎通知：所述作为目标的数据对象已经被从第一服务器之内的一个指定的文件中删除了。
4.按权利要求1的方法，还包括如下步骤：
a.在第一服务器和所述搜索引擎之间发送一个周期性的消息；以及
b.如果所述搜索引擎在一个预先确定的超时周期之内没有接收到来自第一服务器的任何消息，则确定第一服务器已经断开了与所述搜索引擎之间的连接。
5.按权利要求4的方法，还包括如下步骤：
把第一服务器描述从所述搜索引擎索引中删除。
6.按权利要求4的方法，还包括如下步骤：
把在所述搜索引擎索引之内的第一服务器描述标记为不活动的。
7.按权利要求5的方法，还包括如下步骤：把第一数据对象描述从所述搜索引擎索引中删除。
8.按权利要求1的方法，其中第一服务器描述包括一个用于在互联网上访问第一服务器的IP地址。
9.按权利要求8的方法，还包括如下步骤：在从第二服务器下载一个新的数据对象的步骤之前，从一个潜在的供应者服务器组之中选择第二服务器，其中所述选择第二服务器的步骤是以分别与所述潜在的供应者服务器组之中的每个供应者服务器相关联的选择参数的比较为基础。
10.按权利要求9的方法，其中所述选择参数选自由第一服务器和一个潜在的供应者服务器之间的往返响应时间、一个潜在的供应者服务器的互联网连接线路速度-带宽、一个潜在的供应者服务器的可靠性，一个潜在的供应者服务器的可用性以及一个被请求要下载的文件的大小所组成的组。
11.按权利要求2的方法，还包括如下步骤：
把一个所请求的数据对象从第一服务器上载到第三服务器。
12.按权利要求11的方法，其中，把所述所请求的数据对象从第一服务器上载到第三服务器的步骤基本上与把第二数据对象从第二服务器下载到第一服务器同步地执行。
13.一种更新服务于多个服务器的搜索引擎索引的方法，包括如下步骤：
a.在一个搜索引擎和第一服务器之间建立通信链路；
b.把第一服务器描述从第一服务器上载到所述搜索引擎索引之内的服务器描述表；
c.把一个对按照第一数据对象描述所定义的一个数据对象的请求从第一服务器传送到所述搜索引擎；
d.把第一数据对象从第二服务器下载到第一服务器；以及
e.向所述搜索引擎通知：所述下载完成了。
14.按权利要求13的方法，还包括如下步骤：
a.把一个作为目标的数据对象从在第一服务器之内的一个指定的文件中删除；以及
b.向所述搜索引擎通知：所述作为目标的数据对象已经被从第一服务器之内的所述指定的文件中删除了。
15.按权利要求13的方法，还包括如下步骤：
a.在第一服务器和所述搜索引擎之间发送一个周期性的消息；
b.如果在一个预先确定的超时周期之内所述搜索引擎没有接收到来自第一服务器的任何消息，则确定第一服务器已经断开了与所述搜索引擎之间的连接。
16.按权利要求15的方法，还包括如下步骤：
把第一服务器描述从所述搜索引擎索引中删除。
17.按权利要求15的方法，还包括如下步骤：
把在所述搜索引擎索引之内的第一服务器描述标记为不活动的。
18.按权利要求16的方法，还包括如下步骤：
把第一数据对象描述从所述搜索引擎索引中删除。
19.按权利要求13的方法，其中第一服务器描述包括一个用于在互联网上访问第一服务器的IP地址。
20.按权利要求13的方法，还包括如下步骤：
在从第二服务器下载第一数据对象之前，从一个潜在的供应者服务器组中选择第二服务器，其中选择第二服务器的步骤是以分别与所述潜在的供应者服务器组中每个供应者服务器相关联的选择参数的比较为基础。
21.按权利要求20的方法，其中所述选择参数选自由第一服务器和一个潜在的供应者服务器之间的往返响应时间、一个潜在的供应者服务器的互联网连接线路速度-带宽、一个潜在的供应者服务器的可靠性、一个潜在的供应者服务器的可用性以及一个被请求要下载的文件的大小所组成的组。
22.按权利要求13的方法，还包括如下步骤：
把一个所请求的数据对象从第一服务器上载到第三服务器。
23.按权利要求22的方法，其中，把所述所请求的数据对象从第一服务器上载到第三服务器的步骤基本上与把第一数据对象从第二服务器下载到第一服务器同步地执行。
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US7165071B2 (en) 2007-01-16
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