CN1260895A - 电信/数据通信的付费方法及装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
电信/数据通信网具有促进顾客金融机构(80)的顾客帐号到商户金融机构(90)的商户帐号付费/转移的业务节点(TSN)(30)。TSN(30)从顾客移动站(60)获得商户标识符及交易额。TSN(30)向顾客移动站(60)和商用终端(70)发送交易验证请求消息。当收到交易确认时,TSN(30)请求从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移交易额。
Description
背景
本申请要求以下列专利为优先权,它们都在这里结合作为参考:(1)美国临时专利申请号60/043,610,1997年4月15日由同一发明者提交,题目为“TELE/DATACOMMUNI CATIONS PAYMENT METHOD ANDAPPARATUS”;(2)美国临时专利申请号60/049,774,1997年6月16日由同一发明者提交,题目为“TELE/DATACOMMUNICATIONSPAYMENT METHOD AND APPARATUS”。
1.发明领域
本发明涉及有利于金融交易的电信服务。
2.有关技术及其它考虑
很多基于顾客的商业交易包括使用信用卡或银行借记卡付费。在这种交易过程中,计算机化的“收银机”终端或类似物通过电信链路连接到金融机构(例如,银行或主办卡的信用卡公司),以便得到鉴权或表示顾客帐号余额足够支付特定交易花费的指示。在银行借记卡情况下,顾客帐号基本上立即记入交易额,资金最终提供给卖方或服务提供者。对于信用卡则相反,随后向顾客邮寄一个帐单,要求对交易付费。
对于顾客使用书写的支票,也提供类似的服务,至少要得到支票将获得提供支票的银行付清的初步认可。
支票、信用卡和借记卡支付模式当然要求顾客在交易时刻随身携带。如果放在家里或者在交易时不能提供,支票、信用卡和借记卡是没有价值的。
此外,使用支票、信用卡和借记卡会带来很大的冒险。它们都非常容易丢失或被窃,然后被第三方不正当使用。另外的冒险是卡的印记或复制可以让第三方非授权使用。
因此需要的,也是本发明的目的,是一种安全有效的金融交易支付模式。
发明的简要描述
电信/数据通信网具有促进顾客金融机构的顾客帐号到商户金融机构的商户帐号付费/转移的业务节点(TSN)。TSN从顾客移动站获得商户标识符及交易额。TSN向顾客移动站和商用终端发送交易验证请求消息。当收到交易确认时,TSN请求从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移交易额。
发明的TSN也可选地提供鉴权担保特性以及安全特性。对于鉴权担保,在请求从顾客帐号转移交易额数量的资金之前,TSN检查顾客金融机构是否批准了这种资金转移。
交易可以以各种方式出现。在发明的一种模式中,交易可以在顾客处于商业地点时出现,顾客在那里要求商户标识符和交易额。在另一种模式中,顾客可以处于顾客预定的本地位置,例如,在顾客的家或职业地点,顾客在那里查看商户的环球网页。商户的环球网页除了提供商户标识符以外,还提供广告或发票(例如,公用帐单)。
对于发明的第一种模式,发明的安全特性使TSN在请求从顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额之前,确认顾客的无线通信单元(例如,移动站)处于商用终端预定地理位置附近。TSN存取预先存储的商用终端GPS位置坐标,并从顾客移动站接收顾客移动站的当前GPS坐标。TSN将商用终端的GPS位置坐标与顾客移动站的当前GPS坐标比较,确认二者是否处于可接受的近邻范围内。
对于发明的第二种模式,发明的安全特性使TSN在顾客认可向商户支付时确认顾客处于顾客预定的本地位置。例如,当(1)移动站没有连接到移动站机主处于其顾客预定的本地位置之一时所用的基站,或当(2)移动站的GPS坐标没有处于顾客预定的本地位置的可接受近邻范围内,地理安全特性禁止此时启动的任何购买或支付。
附图的简要描述
前述以及其它的发明目的、特性及优点将从附图所示优选实施例的如下更具体描述中明了,图中的参照字符在各个图中指同样的部件。附图不一定起标定作用,相反重点在于说明发明的原理。
图1是电信/数据通信网的示意图,其中包括根据发明实施例提供电信付费业务的节点。
图1A是电信/数据通信网的示意图,其中包括根据发明另一个实施例提供电信付费业务的节点。
图1B是电信/数据通信网的示意图,其中包括根据发明实施例提供电信付费业务的智能网业务控制节点。
图2是图1电信网中包括的业务控制节点的示意图。
图2A(1)是针对发明的第一模式的包括在图1A电信网中的业务控制节点的示意图。
图2A(2)是针对发明的第二模式的包括在图1A电信网中的业务控制节点的示意图。
图3是表明图3A、图3B和图3C之间关系的示意图。
图3A、图3B和图3C是表示业务控制节点根据本发明所执行的步骤流程图。
图4A是表明业务控制节点结合发明第一模式的安全特性所执行的附加步骤的流程图。
图4B是表明业务控制节点结合发明第二模式的安全特性所执行的附加步骤的流程图。
图5A是图1中一部分的示意图,但是描述在商户地点的顾客。
图5B是图1中一部分的示意图,但是描述具有移动站(以移动电话的形式)和处于顾客预定的本地位置的工作站的顾客,工作站最好远离商户地点。
图5C是图1中一部分的示意图,但是描述具有移动站(以具有移动端接能力的膝上型电脑的形式)的顾客,移动站处于顾客预定的最好远离上述地点的本地位置。
附图的详细描述
在如下描述中,为了解释而不是限制的目的,提出了特定的细节,例如特定结构、接口、技术等,以便提供对本发明的完整理解。但是,对本领域技术人员很显然的是,本发明可以在背离这些特定细节的其它实施例中实施。此外,熟知设备、电路以及方法的详细描述被略去,为了不用不必要的细节混淆对本发明的描述。
图1描述了具有称为电信付费业务节点(TSN)30的特殊功能节点的电信网20。电信付费TSN 30连接到交换机,例如公用交换电话网(PSTN)50的中转交换机(TE)40。PSTN 50包括陆地线路和无线通信链路。因此,PSTN 50提供了对多个远程无线单元或移动站的连接,顾客移动站60(例如,一个移动电话)只是其中的一个例子,并通过陆地线路到达非移动单元,例如商用终端70。尽管顾客无线通信单元60在下文中描述为移动电话,但是应该理解其它类型的设备也预计用于本发明,例如具有到PSTN 50的无线连接的个人数字助理(PDA)或具有移动端接能力的计算机。
顾客移动终端60由PSTN 50中的基站(BS)52服务。基站52连接到移动交换中心(MSC)54,后者将呼叫从顾客路由选择到电信付费TSN 30。
图1表示也通过数据网N连接到顾客金融机构80和商户金融机构90的电信付费TSN 30。尽管是分别表示的,但是应该理解网络N可以包括在PSTN 50中。此外,各种协议(例如X.25、X.21、租用线路和TCP/IP、或互连网/TCP/IP)都可以在网络N上使用。
尽管图5B和图5C表示PSTN 50和互连网51彼此直接连接,但是本领域技术人员会理解这种表示只是为了不混淆发明显著方面而做的简化。实际上,数据交换网(例如互连网51)和线路交换网是通过各自的业务或网关节点连接到移动电信网的移动交换中心的。移动电信网不仅包括移动站,也包括与移动站通信的基站、与基站通信的基站控制器(也称为无线网络控制器)、以及与基站控制器通信的移动交换中心。
根据本发明,操作顾客移动站60的顾客尝试从商户那里购买商品或服务。商户具有商用终端70,其功能是计算机化的收银机并具有连接到PSTN 50的调制解调器。借助顾客移动站60的顾客可以使用电信付费TSN 30对商品或服务付费,特别是可以从顾客金融机构80中的顾客帐号向商户金融机构90中的商户帐号转移资金。例如,顾客金融机构80可以是顾客在其中有帐号的银行机构,或顾客有帐号的信用卡公司。
本发明允许以各种方式出现的金融交易。图5A描述了发明的第一种模式,其中交易出现在顾客处于商户地点92A。在商户地点92A,顾客要求商户标识符和交易额。图5B说明了发明的第二种模式,其中顾客处于顾客预定的本地位置62B,优选为远离商户地点92B的位置。顾客预定的本地位置62B可以是(例如)顾客的住宅或职业地点。根据这个第二模式,顾客在顾客预定的本地位置62B浏览显示器64B上显示的商户环球网页。商户的环球网页除了提供商户标识符以外,还提供发票的广告(例如,工具帐单)。图5C说明了发明第二模式的变种,其中移动站60采取具有移动端接的膝上型电脑的形式。图5C的移动站能够连接(通过移动电信网)到互连网51和PSTN 50。
简单而言,假设顾客需要对商品或服务支付$100US,或者对帐单或发票(例如工具帐单)付费。根据本发明,顾客只要拨打电信付费TSN 30的电话号码(例如,A1-800”电话号码),并且根据电信付费TSN 30产生的提示,输入商户标识符和交易额($100US)。商户标识符由商户提供(例如,显著地显示在商户地点92A[见图5A]或在显示器[见图5B]或膝上型电脑[见图5C]上显示的商户环球网页上表示)。交易额是商品或服务或帐单额的总价格。电信付费TSN 30向交易的至少一方、优选是两方提供确认消息。在此处,电信付费TSN30向商户发送确认消息,提供(例如在收银机显示屏上)记入商户帐号的交易额和交易码。类似的确认消息发送到顾客移动站60。如果一致,顾客和商户就向电信付费TSN 30发送确认消息。电信付费TSN 30就安排对顾客帐号借出、对商户帐号贷出交易额。
在图1说明的实施例中,电信付费TSN 30是特殊用途节点,包括具有UNIX或Microsoft NT操作系统并执行一系列代码指令的通用计算机30C,以便完成这里描述的动作。计算机30C连接到附件或外设30P以及数据网接口30D。外设30P接收并解释号码中的DTMF信令(例如,交易额、商户标识符、PIN),并产生和发送话音/声音提示。数据网接口30D通过数据网N连接到顾客金融机构80和商户金融机构90。
在发明的一个实施例中,电信付费TSN 30所执行的指令集和功能被模块化。在这样的实施例中,电信付费TSN 30的模块如图2所示,包括顾客通信模块202;商户通信模块204;转移通信模块206;金融机构通信模块208;以及资金鉴权模块210。
顾客通信模块202包括顾客通信接口202-1,处理通过PSTN 50与顾客移动站60的通信。同样包括在顾客通信模块202中的是提示产生接口202-2、信息采集接口202-3、确认单元202-4、以及交易确认单元202-5。接口202-2和202-3连接到外设30P。
类似地,商户通信模块204包括商户通信接口204-1,处理通过PSTN 50与商用终端70的通信。同样包括在商户通信模块204中的是提示产生接口204-2、确认单元204-3、以及交易确认单元204-4。
转移协调模块206包括交易记录产生器206-1以及交易码产生器206-2。交易记录产生器206-1用于建立交易数据库220的记录。除了建立交易数据库220以外,转移协调模块206还搜索并访问存储在交易数据库220中的记录。
金融机构通信模块208包括顾客金融机构接口208-1和商户金融机构接口208-2。金融机构通信模块208还具有搜索顾客数据库222的顾客搜索引擎208-3、以及搜索商户数据库224的商户搜索引擎208-4。
对于图2所示的实施例,顾客数据库222已经预先存储了向电信付费TSN 30提供的电信付费业务注册的每个顾客的记录。每个顾客的记录至少具有三个域,包括顾客标识符域222A;顾客金融机构地址域222B;以及顾客帐号标识符域222C。顾客帐号标识符域222C是地址出现在域222B的特定金融机构中的顾客帐号。
类似地,对于图2中所示的实施例,顾客数据库224预先存储了参与电信付费TSN 30提供的电信付费业务的每个商户的记录。每个商户的记录至少具有三个域,包括商户标识符域224A;商户金融机构地址域224B;以及商户帐号标识符域224C。商户帐号标识符域224C是地址出现在域224B的特定金融机构中的商户帐号。
尽管数据库220、222和224已经在图2中说明为包括在电信付费TSN 30中,但是应该理解不一定非是这种情况。例如,在另一个实施例中数据库220、222和224可以处于远端(例如)的一个或多个特殊节点,例如智能电信网的业务数据点(SDP)。
电信付费TSN 30执行的动作可以按照结合图3A、图3B和图3C的更详细描述以及在前后关系上参考图1来理解。在上面简要描述的情况下,顾客需要对商品或服务支付$100US。如图1的事件E1所描述的,顾客只要在顾客移动站60上拨打电信付费TSN 30的电话号码。呼叫被路由选择通过包括移动基站(BS)52的PSTN 50、并通过MSC 54和SSP 40到达电信付费TSN 30,如事件E2所示。在电信付费TSN 30,当开始处理呼叫顾客通信时,模块202从建立呼叫(见图3A中的步骤300)的呼叫信令中得到顾客标识符(例如,顾客电话号码)。
当完成连接时,顾客通信模块202指示外设30C(通过提示产生接口202-2)发出一串提示,通过呼叫连接发送到顾客移动站60。这些提示,如图1中事件E3所描述的,优选为请求DTMF响应(例如,顾客根据提示在电话键盘上选择数字)或话音响应的可听提示及/或显示的文本提示。如图3A的步骤302所示,提示串包括输入商户标识符的第一提示和输入交易额的第二提示。为了安全起见,也可以产生顾客个人标识号(PIN)的第三提示。所有类型的附加安全功能都可以独立或附带地添加,例如移动站的密钥、指纹识别等。图3A的步骤320也表示顾客通信模块202的信息采集器202-3根据提示产生器202-2产生的每条提示获得顾客输入。在图1中,根据提示的顾客输入被表示为事件E4。顾客输入由外设30P处理。
当采集顾客移动站60上根据步骤302提示输入的信息时,顾客通信模块202在步骤304向转移协调模块206发送它所收集(例如,通过外设30P处理)的信息以及顾客标识符。转移协调模块206的交易记录产生器206-1使用该信息在交易数据库220中为该交易建立记录(见图3A的步骤304)。与建立交易记录结合,交易记录产生器206-1从交易码产生器206-2为该交易请求并获得唯一的交易码或标识符。因此到目前为止,呼叫记录包括唯一交易码、顾客标识符、商户标识符、以及交易额。
在步骤306,电信付费TSN 30确定顾客金融机构地址和顾客金融机构中的顾客帐号标识符。特别是,在步骤306,转移协调模块206向金融机构通信模块208发送包括当前交易码、当前顾客标识符、以及(可选)交易额的信号。包括在这个信号中的当前顾客标识符被顾客搜索引擎208-3用于搜索顾客数据库222。具体来说,顾客搜索引擎208-3在数据库222中定位在域222A中具有顾客标识符的记录,并从那个记录的域222B和222C分别得到顾客金融机构地址和顾客帐号标识符。顾客金融机构地址是可以联系顾客金融机构并响应自动询问和交互(如下面所描述)的顾客金融机构电信网电话号码。
作为可选特性,电信付费TSN 30具有在完成交易之前确保顾客帐号具有足够资金支付交易额的能力。在这方面,并且如步骤314所描述的,顾客金融机构接口208-1被指示向顾客金融机构发送鉴权确认请求消息。鉴权确认请求消息由顾客金融机构接口208-1路由选择通过数据网N到达步骤314中得到的顾客金融机构地址。鉴权确认请求消息,如图1中事件E5所示,包括交易码、顾客帐号标识符、交易额以及消息类型码。消息类型明确地表示电信付费TSN 30正在尝试确定顾客金融机构80是否能对从顾客帐号转移交易额数量的资金进行鉴权。假设鉴权被同意,顾客金融机构80就将鉴权确认消息通过数据网N发送到顾客金融机构208-1,如图1的事件E6所示。
正如图3A的步骤316所示,如果鉴权确认消息是否定的(表示鉴权没有被同意),那么无效交易通知被发送到顾客移动站60(见步骤318)。否则,如步骤320所示,从步骤306得到的顾客金融机构地址和顾客帐号标识符以及收到肯定鉴权确认消息的指示,都存储在交易数据库220的当前交易记录中。
在步骤322,转移协调模块206验证输入了有效的商户标识符,并确定商户金融机构地址和商户金融机构中的商户帐号标识符。以类似于步骤306的方式,在步骤322,转移协调模块206向商户搜索引擎208-4发出一个信号,该信号包括当前交易码和当前商户标识符。商户搜索引擎208-4搜索商户数据库224,寻找域224A中具有当前商户标识符的记录。当找到这种记录时,商户搜索引擎208-4分别从那个记录的域224B和224C得到相应的商户金融机构地址和商户帐号标识符。然后,商户搜索引擎208-4向转移协调模块206发出信号,其中包括当前交易码、商户标识符以及从所定位的记录中得到的商户金融机构地址和商户帐号标识符。转移协调模块206增加具有商户金融机构地址和商户帐号标识符的当前交易记录(步骤324)。
顺便注意到,假如在执行步骤322时没有在数据库224中找到商户标识符,无效交易通知就发送到顾客移动站60。类似地,如果在步骤306,顾客标识符没有处于顾客数据库222中,无效交易通知就发送到顾客移动站60。
在步骤326,转移协调模块206指示将交易确认请求消息发送到顾客移动站60。在这方面,交易协调模块206为确认单元202-4提供当前交易码、商户标识符和交易额。确认单元202-4再产生发送到顾客移动站60的确认请求消息,如图1中事件E7所描述的。确认请求消息取可听消息的形式,或者当顾客移动站60恰当配置时取数字显示的形式。确认请求消息包括请求顾客验证将处理交易的提示。
如果顾客同意在交易确认请求消息中提供的信息,顾客就用肯定交易确认消息来响应(如图1中事件E8所示)。步骤328表示从顾客移动站60收到交易确认消息。如果在步骤330确定交易确认消息是否定的,交易就是无效的并如步骤332所示终结。
以类似步骤326的方式,在步骤334,转移协调模块206指示交易确认请求消息发送到商用终端70。在这方面,交易协调模块206为确认单元204-3提供当前交易码、商户标识符和交易额。确认单元204-3再产生发送到商用终端70的确认请求消息,如图1中事件E9所描述的。这个确认请求消息优选地取商用终端70的数字显示形式。确认请求消息包括请求商户验证将处理交易的提示。如果商户同意在交易确认请求消息中提供的信息,顾客就用肯定交易确认消息来响应(如图1中事件E10所示)。步骤336表示从商用终端70收到交易确认消息。如果在步骤338确定交易确认消息是否定的,交易就是无效的并如步骤340所示终结。
应该理解步骤334、336和338的商户验证过程可以在步骤326、328和330的顾客验证过程之前或基本上同时进行。
或者,在一个实施例中,交易确认请求消息可以只发送到一方,例如到顾客移动站60而不到商用终端70。
假设在现在描述的实施例中从顾客移动站60和商用终端70都收到了肯定交易确认消息,转移协调模块206则同意在步骤342更新当前交易记录,以表示双方的确认。
交易被双方同意后,在步骤344转移协调模块206授权启动从顾客帐号向商户帐号的交易额转移。与这个指示一起,向资金转移鉴权模块210提供交易码、交易额、顾客金融机构地址、顾客帐号标识符、商户金融机构地址以及商户帐号标识符。如图1的事件E11所示,资金转移鉴权模块210则以资金转移请求消息通过数据网N通知顾客金融机构80。该信号使用金融机构通信模块208(见图2)的顾客金融机构接口208-1发送。信号包括表示资金转移请求的消息码类型、交易码、交易额、顾客金融机构地址、顾客帐号标识符、商户金融机构地址以及商户帐号标识符。
当授权启动资金转移时,在步骤346转移协调模块206也指示将交易确认消息发送到顾客移动站60(如事件E12)和商用终端70(如事件E13)。交易确认消息通过交易确认单元202-5发送到顾客移动站60,并通过交易确认单元204-4到商用终端70。
步骤348也表示交易协调模块206通过数据网N向商户金融机构90发送资金转移请求通知消息。资金转移请求通知消息提示机构90将最终收到从顾客金融机构80向商户金融机构90中维护的商户帐号转移的交易额。这种资金转移请求通知消息在图1中描述为事件E14。
顾客金融机构80可以立即从顾客帐号向商户金融机构90中的商户帐号转移资金,例如,根据通常的银行手续。为了简单起见,这种转移在图1中描述为事件E15。作为一种选项,顾客金融机构80也可以向电信付费TSN 30发送一个确认,表示资金已经从顾客金融机构80转移到商户金融机构90。商户金融机构90再对商户帐号归还交易额,这个信贷可以出现在“浮动”延迟之后。
图1A的系统与图1的区别在于(例如)顾客移动站60包括GPS(全球定位系统)通信转发器62。GPS转发器62用于查询GPS卫星100并从中得到表示顾客移动站60当前GPS坐标的GPS响应。图1A的事件E0描述了顾客移动站60的查询和GPS卫星100的响应。GPS查询和响应可以在顾客移动站60激活时周期性进行。或者,可以对顾客移动站60编程,在检测到本发明的电信付费业务的号码拨号时查询GPS卫星100。
顾客移动站60的当前GPS位置坐标发送到电信付费SCP 30并由顾客通信模块202的信息采集器202-3接收。当前GPS位置坐标的发送可以用几种方式出现。例如,当完成呼叫连接时,提示产生器202可以发出一个由顾客移动站60识别的单音,要求顾客移动站60向电信付费TSN 30发送顾客移动站60的当前GPS位置坐标。或者,当完成呼叫连接时,顾客移动站60可以(主动地)在预定时间发出它的当前GPS位置坐标。不管发送的时间和方式如何,当前GPS位置坐标的发送都受顾客移动站60和电信付费TSN 30之间的协议控制。
图2A(1)表示适于发明第一种模式的电信付费TSN 30A(1)的实施例,即图5A所示的模式,其中顾客移动站在商户地点附近。图2A(1)的电信付费TSN 30A(1)类似图2,除了包括交易安全模块212A。此外,图2D的商户数据库224为每个商户记录包括一个附加域,具体为域224D。域224D预存了商户位置(GPS)坐标。
对于图2A(1)的电信付费TSN 30A(1),信息附加域在步骤306得到,具体来说是域224D的商户位置坐标。在进行操作时,电信付费SCP 30另外执行类似于图3A、图3B和图3C所示的步骤。此外,电信付费TSN 30A(1)执行图4中所示的步骤。
在图4A的步骤308A,交易安全模块检查顾客移动站60是否在商用终端70的预定地理位置附近。具体而言,转移通信模块206向交易安全模块212转移步骤306得到的商户GPS位置坐标以及顾客移动站60的当前GPS坐标。交易安全模块212则比较步骤306得到的商户GPS位置坐标和顾客移动站60的当前GSP坐标。如果两组坐标不在可接受的临近范围之内,交易安全模块212A向转移通信模块206发出信号,表示交易是无效的。转移通信模块206通过通知顾客交易无效以及通过结束交易(步骤310A)来响应。另一方面,如果两组坐标在可接受的临近范围之内,交易安全模块212A向转移通信模块206发出信号,表示交易有效。转移通信模块206则进行到下一步,例如图3A的步骤314。
因此,在图1A和图2A(1)所描述的实施例中,在请求从顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额之前,电信付费TSN 30确定顾客移动站60处于商用终端70预定的地理位置附近。地理位置临近检查是防止购买的安全措施,除非顾客物理上实际出现在商户的经营位置。
图2A(2)表示适于发明第二种模式的电信付费TSN 30A(1)的实施例,即图5B和图5C所示的模式,其中顾客移动站处于顾客预定的本地位置。图2A(2)的电信付费TSN 30A(2)类似图2,除了包括交易安全模块212B。此外,图2A(2)的顾客数据库222为每个顾客记录包括一个附加域,具体为域222D。域222D预存了一组或多组顾客位置(GPS)坐标,例如顾客预定的本地位置坐标。
对于图2A(2)的电信付费TSN 30A(2),信息附加域在步骤306得到,具体来说是域222D的顾客位置坐标。在进行操作时,电信付费SCP 30A(2)另外执行类似于图3A、图3B和图3C所示的步骤。此外,电信付费TSN 30A(2)执行图4B中所示的步骤。
在图4B的步骤308B,交易安全模块检查顾客移动站60是否处于注册的顾客预定本地位置的预定地理位置附近。具体而言,转移通信模块206向交易安全模块212传递步骤306得到的顾客GPS位置坐标以及顾客移动站60的当前GPS坐标。交易安全模块212则比较步骤306得到的顾客GPS位置坐标和顾客移动站60的当前GSP坐标。如果两组坐标不在可接受的临近范围之内,交易安全模块212B向转移通信模块206发出信号,表示交易是无效的。转移通信模块206通过通知顾客交易无效以及通过结束交易(步骤310B)来响应。另一方面,如果两组坐标在可接受的临近范围之内,交易安全模块212向转移通信模块206发出信号,表示交易有效。转移通信模块206则进行到下一步,例如图3A的步骤314。
因此,在图1A和图2A(2)所描述的实施例中,在请求从顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额之前,电信付费TSN 30确定顾客移动站60处于顾客预定的本地位置之一的预定地理位置附近。地理位置临近检查是防止购买的安全措施,除非顾客物理上实际出现在顾客以前向电信付费TSN 30注册的位置。
尽管发明的图1A和图2A(1)/2A(2)实施例要求顾客出现及/或预定位置作为安全特性,但是信用卡或支票的提供是交易所不要求。唯一需要的设备是顾客移动站60。在一个实施例中,发明要求顾客也知道顾客帐号标识符(PIN),以便用安全手段实现交易。
基于地理临近的安全性也可以用GPS技术以外的方式完成。例如,顾客移动站60的地理位置可以使用非常精确的时钟并测量移动信号相对不同无线基站的无线传播时间来完成。作为另一个但不太准确的例子,TSN 30可以查询移动网络用户数据库(例如,GSM中的原籍位置寄存器[HLR]),询问哪个MSC以及哪个无线基站正在处理顾客移动站60,以便确定顾客移动站60处于何处。当收到查询响应时,表示顾客移动站60地理位置的返回信息与商用终端70的预存位置进行比较。
在前面的实施例中,电信付费TSN 30作为特殊用途节点来描述,该节点用做来自顾客移动站60的呼叫连接的端接点。在这样的实施例中,MSC 54和电信付费TSN 30之间没有使用协议。此外,电信付费TSN 30包括(或连接到)智能外设30P。
另一方面,图1B中所示的电信付费节点30’的实施例不是特殊用途节点,而是智能网络的业务控制点(SCP)。在图1的实施例中,从顾客移动站60进行的呼叫在移动交换中心(MSC)54端接。MSC 54包括一些业务交换功能软件,使MSC 54作为业务交换点(SSP)工作。当收到来自顾客移动站60的呼叫时,MSC 54使用CCITT 7号信令系统上的INAP(智能网应用部分协议)与电信付费TSN 30’传递信号。由于这个原因,图1作为单个事件E2表示的在图1B中示为事件E2A(从顾客移动站60到MSC 54的呼叫连接)和事件E2B(从MSC 54到电信付费TSN 30’的信令)。
因此,图1B的实施例与以前描述的不同在于:MSC 54用做呼叫连接节点,而且MSC 54和电信付费TSN 30’之间的通信由信令引起。在这种情况下,图1B的实施例中在电信付费TSN 30’没有提供智能外设30P,而是将其搬移到MSC 54,作为外设54P出现。当诸如单音及/或话音提示这样的提示由电信付费TSN 30’指示时,如事件E3A所示,这种指令通过信令发送到MSC 54,然后到智能外设54P。然后智能外设54P产生提示,用于(例如事件E3B)期望的接收方,例如移动站60。类似地,在事件E4A,智能外设54P解释顾客输入的任何DTMF音(例如,PIN),在事件E4B,所解释的信息(例如PIN)作为信令从MSC 54发送到电信付费TSN 30’。尽管图1B中没有明白地表示,但是应该理解与顾客移动站60以及商用终端70的后续通信(例如,验证和响应)使用MSC 54和电信付费TSN 30’之间的信令来完成。
图1B的实施例也可选地使用上述安全特性来实现,例如GPS。这种实现很容易从前面的讨论中确定。
尽管图1和图1A的实施例很简单而且在低业务量情况下可能可以不太昂贵地实现,但是图1B的实施例具有更高的容量和伸缩性。
这里描述的所有实施例都可以在UNIX或Windows NT的通用计算机上实现,或基于特殊用途计算机的其他通用操作系统,例如Erisson APZ Telecom Purpose Computer。以欧洲国家中的实现为例,电信付费TSN节点可以通过7号信令(SS7)或TCP/IP,用MAP协议与GSM HLR数据库通信。
本发明可以使用加密技术来增强,用于一方为电信付费TSN 30、另一方为顾客移动站60和商用终端70之间。例如,加密可以使用顾客移动站60中的SIM(用户标识移动)卡以及顾客终端70中的类似加密卡来完成。
此外,本发明的顾客移动站60使用的SIM(用户标识移动)卡也可以用做信用卡,在这种情况下支付可以借记到顾客信用卡帐号或电话帐单。在这方面,SIM卡中存储了顾客帐号,该帐号可以自动地由顾客移动站单元60传递到电信付费TSN 30。例如,电信付费TSN 30可以向顾客移动站单元60发出特殊查询(例如,到移动站的信令链路中的消息或单音),由SIM卡检测并解释,SIM卡使站60用存储在SIM卡中的顾客帐号自动响应。在这种预存顾客帐号信息在SIM卡中的情况下,不需要在电信付费TSN 30查询顾客的帐号。数据库查找过程可以用于确定管理该帐号的金融机构的网络地址。然后电信付费TSN 30可以向金融机构提供交易额和顾客帐号,因此金融机构准备包括交易额的恰当结算表(例如,信用卡结算表或电话帐单)。
电信付费TSN 30使用的提示,例如输入数据(例如,交易额、商户标识符)以及验证之类,可以使用短消息业务特性,在具有合适的显示单元的电话及终端上显示文本。对于短消息业务(SMS),电信付费TSN 30或者通知SMS服务器(在GSM或同等系统中提供),或者通知原籍位置寄存器(HLR)。或者,在智能网环境中。电信付费TSN 30’可以通知SCP,后者再通知SMS服务器或HLR,后者再通知MSC 54以便联系移动站或终端。
在一些实施例中,顾客线路标识(例如,呼叫方电话号码)用做顾客的记帐号码,或者用于查找(在数据库中)对应于顾客线路标识的帐号。在大多数现代网络中,例如ISDN,顾客线路标识(CLI)一直传递到端用户设备,藉此实现诸如呼叫线路标识(“主叫ID”)业务。因此,如果恰当的信令协议用到电信付费TSN 30(因为TSN 30不是SCP类型的节点),对移动顾客借记的一个实现是直接得到CLI。如果电信付费TSN 30是SCP类型节点,那么SSP通过网络信令(例如,根据ITU标准的ISUP或TUP协议)得到移动号码(CLI)并将CLI通过INAP协议发送到SCP。因此,电信付费TSN 30不必为了帐号而查询顾客移动单元60。
除了上面描述的安全特性,可以使用在移动网7号信令(或TCP/IP或X.25)接口之上的各种移动标准的协议规范连接到不同的数据库,给出有关移动手机及其主人的有用信息,即手机是否是有效用户,是否已经被偷窃,信号收自哪个无线服务小区,信号强度及服务小区位置(在GSM中,例如原籍位置寄存器、设备标识寄存器、鉴权中心)。这些信息也可做验证交易的数据——例如,被窃手机不能对购买付费,而且如果手机所连接的无线服务小区在旧金山,它就不能确认在纽约商店中的购买。
在图5B和图5C的实施例中,环球网服务器71(可能在也可能不在商户地点)产生并发送商户的环球网页。环球网页产生和发送机制与本发明无关。可以使用标准的互连网协议和安全功能。在环球网页上传输的信息是有关联的,因为这种信息或者提供、或者使顾客能够得到以(例如)广告或帐单形式的金融信息。广告可以提供产品或服务的描述,以及价格(交易额)和商户标识符,或许还有交易码或类似的标识特定广告项目的东西,或者帐单(发票)号或帐号。
作为一个例子,以图5B所示的方式,在家中计算机64前的顾客可以进入公用事业公司的环球网页,以便为(例如)公用事业帐单付费。通过输入顾客名或在公用事业公司的帐号(以及可能有PIN或用于安全原因的类似东西),顾客被链接到顾客目前公用事业帐单的显示。该显示提供交易额(当前不定额),以及商户标识符和可能的交易码。然后顾客使用顾客移动站60拨打电信付费TSN号码,并根据提示输入(例如)商户标识符和交易额(以及可能的交易码)。如果顾客处于顾客预定的本地位置之一,交易就以这里描述的方式完成。
在图5C的实施例中,互连网接入和电信付费TSN 30的接入使用移动站60、以具有移动端接的膝上型电脑60的形式完成。在这个实施例中,膝上型电脑60和移动网能够在网络和移动站之间有多条连接。
因此,在不使用信用卡、银行支票或类似物的情况下,本发明实现商品及/或服务付费的资金转移;并且基本上是立即、简单而安全的。
尽管发明已经具体表示并参考其优选实施例进行了描述,但是本领域技术人员应该理解,形式和细节的各种改变可以在不背离发明精神和范围的前提下进行。
Claims (44)
1.方便从顾客金融机构的顾客帐号到商户金融机构的商户帐号自动付费方法,该方法包括:
从顾客移动站获得商户标识符和交易额;
向商用终端验证交易额;以及
当收到来自商用终端的确认时,请求从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移交易额。
2.权利要求1的方法,还包括查询顾客数据库,其中为顾客存储了(1)顾客金融机构的电信地址以及(2)顾客帐号标识符。
3.权利要求1的方法,还包括查询商户数据库,其中为商户标识符存储了(1)商户金融机构的电信地址以及(2)顾客帐号标识符。
4.权利要求1的方法,还包括确定顾客移动站和商用终端是否在预定的地理临近位置,而且其中如果顾客移动站和商用终端没有在预定的地理临近位置就取消从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移的交易额。
5.权利要求4的方法,还包括得到顾客移动站的地理坐标,并将顾客移动站的地理坐标与商用终端的地理坐标比较,确定顾客移动站和商用终端是否在预定的地理临近位置。
6.权利要求1的方法,还包括确定顾客移动站是否处于顾客预定的本地位置,其特征在于,如果顾客移动站没有处于顾客预定的本地位置就取消从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移的交易额。
7.权利要求1的方法,其特征在于商户标识符从计算机屏幕上的显示得到。
8.权利要求7的方法,其特征在于商户标识符从环球网页上得到。
9.权利要求1的方法,其特征在于商户标识符从计算机屏幕上的显示得到,计算机屏幕处于顾客预定的本地位置。
10.权利要求9的方法,还包括确定顾客移动站是否处于顾客预定的本地位置,其中,如果顾客移动站没有处于顾客预定的本地位置就取消从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移的交易额。
11.权利要求1的方法,还包括与顾客金融机构数据库电信接口,以便确定是否对顾客帐号借记的交易额进行授权。
12.方便交易额的自动资金转移的方法,该方法包括:
在电信网的业务节点确定,是否:(1)顾客移动站和商用终端处于预定的地理临近位置;或者(2)顾客移动站处于顾客预定的本地位置;以及
响应业务节点的确定并响应来自顾客移动站的请求,从顾客金融机构的顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额。
13.权利要求12的方法,还包括使用计算机屏幕上的显示所提供的商户标识符确定商户帐号。
14.权利要求13的方法,其特征在于,商户标识符从环球网页得到。
15.促进交易额的自动资金转移的方法,该方法包括:
在电信网的业务节点确定,是否:(1)顾客移动站和商用终端处于预定的地理临近位置;或者(2)顾客移动站处于顾客预定的本地位置;以及
响应业务节点的确定并响应来自顾客移动站的请求,向商户金融机构的商户帐号发送信贷消息并向顾客金融机构的顾客帐号发送借记消息。
16.权利要求15的方法,还包括使用计算机屏幕上的显示所提供的商户标识符确定商户帐号。
17.权利要求16的方法,其特征在于,商户标识符从环球网页得到。
18.促进交易额资金转移的电信业务,该业务包括:
顾客移动站;
商用终端;
顾客金融机构;
商用金融机构;
业务节点,根据顾客移动站的请求,从顾客金融机构的顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额,只要业务节点确定如下至少一个条件:(1)顾客移动站和商用终端处于预定的地理临近位置;以及(2)顾客移动站处于顾客预定的本地位置;以及
连接到业务节点、顾客移动站、以及商用终端的移动交换中心;以及,
数据网,将业务节点连接到顾客金融机构和商户金融机构。
19.权利要求18的系统,还包括使用计算机屏幕上的显示所提供的商户标识符确定商户帐号。
20.权利要求19的系统,其特征在于,商户标识符从环球网页得到。
21.电信网的业务节点,用于根据顾客移动站的请求,从顾客金融机构的顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额,只要业务节点确定顾客移动站和商用终端处于预定的地理临近位置。
22.电信网的业务节点,用于根据顾客移动站的请求,从顾客金融机构的顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额,只要业务节点确定顾客移动站处于顾客预定的本地位置。
23.方便交易额资金转移的电信业务,该业务包括:
顾客移动站,包括用户标识移动卡,用户标识移动卡中存储了顾客帐号;
商用终端;
顾客金融机构;
商用金融机构;
业务节点,根据从顾客移动站收到呼叫:
(1)从顾客移动站获得商户标识符、交易额以及顾客帐号;
(2)与顾客移动站和商用终端中的至少一个验证交易额;并
(3)当收到确认时,请求
对商户金融机构的商户帐号信贷交易额并对顾客帐号借记交易额;
连接到业务节点、顾客移动站、以及商用终端的移动交换中心;以及,
数据网,将业务节点连接到顾客金融机构和商户金融机构。
24.权利要求23的业务,其特征在于,顾客帐号是顾客信用卡帐号或顾客电话帐单帐号之一。
25.权利要求23的业务,还包括使用计算机屏幕显示上所得的作为商户标识符提供的信息并确定商户帐号。
26.权利要求25的系统,其特征在于,信息从环球网页得到。
27.促进交易额资金转移的电信业务,该业务包括:
顾客移动站;
商用终端;
顾客金融机构;
商用金融机构;
业务节点,根据从顾客移动站收到呼叫:
(1)从顾客移动站获得商户标识符和交易额;
(2)与商用终端验证交易额;并
(3)当收到确认时,请求从顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额;以及
连接到业务节点、顾客移动站、以及商用终端的移动交换中心;以及,
数据网,将业务节点连接到顾客金融机构和商户金融机构。
28.权利要求27的装置,其特征在于,在请求从顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号转移交易额之前,业务节点确定顾客移动站和商用终端是否处于预定的地理临近位置。
29.权利要求28的装置,其特征还在于,业务节点得到顾客移动站的地理坐标,而且其特征在于业务节点将顾客移动站的地理坐标与商用终端的地理坐标比较,以便确定顾客移动站和商用终端是否处于预定的地理临近位置。
30.权利要求27的装置,还包括交易安全模块,确定顾客移动站是否处于顾客预定的本地位置,而其中,如果顾客移动站没有处于顾客预定的本地位置就取消从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移交易额。
31.权利要求27的装置,还包括顾客数据库,其中为顾客存储了(1)顾客金融机构的电信地址以及(2)顾客帐号标识符。
32.权利要求27的装置,还包括商户数据库,其中为商户标识符存储了(1)商户金融机构的电信地址以及(2)商户帐号标识符。
33.权利要求27的装置,其特征在于,业务节点与顾客金融机构通信以便确定是否对顾客帐号借记的交易额进行授权。
34.权利要求33的装置,其特征在于,从计算机屏幕上的显示确定的信息用做商户标识符。
35.权利要求34的装置,其特征在于,信息从环球网页得到。
36.方便从顾客金融机构的顾客帐号向商户金融机构的商户帐号付费的电信网络节点,该节点包括:
顾客通信模块,从顾客移动站请求商户标识符和交易额;
商户通信模块,与商用终端验证交易额;以及
资金转移鉴权模块,当商户通信模块从商用终端收到确认时,请求从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移交易额。
37.权利要求36的装置,其特征在于,节点是智能电信网的业务控制点。
38.权利要求36的装置,其特征在于,节点是特殊功能节点。
39.权利要求36的装置,还包括顾客数据库,其中为顾客存储了(1)顾客金融机构的电信地址以及(2)顾客帐号标识符。
40.权利要求36的装置,还包括商户数据库,其中为商户标识符存储了(1)商户金融机构的电信地址以及(2)商户帐号标识符。
41.权利要求36的装置,还包括交易安全模块,确定顾客移动站和商用终端是否处于预定的地理临近位置,而且其特征在于,如果顾客移动站和商用终端没有处于预定的地理临近位置就取消从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移的交易额。
42.权利要求41的装置,其特征在于,交易安全模块得到顾客移动站的地理坐标,而且其特征在于,交易安全模块将顾客移动站的地理坐标与商用终端的地理坐标比较,确定顾客移动站和商用终端是否处于预定的地理临近位置。
43.权利要求36的装置,还包括交易安全模块,确定顾客移动站是否处于顾客预定的本地位置,而且其特征在于,如果顾客移动站没有处于顾客预定的本地位置就取消从顾客帐号向商户帐号转移的交易额。
44.权利要求36的装置,还包括与顾客金融机构通信的金融机构模块,确定是否对从顾客帐号借记交易额进行授权。
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US09/047,533 US6868391B1 (en) | 1997-04-15 | 1998-03-25 | Tele/datacommunications payment method and apparatus |
US09/047,533 | 1998-03-25 |
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WO2009026778A1 (fr) * | 2007-08-24 | 2009-03-05 | Fengyang Xu | Procédé d'utilisation d'un appareil de communication mobile en tant qu'instrument de paiement |
TWI490798B (zh) * | 2008-01-15 | 2015-07-01 | Visa Usa Inc | 用於包括推送識別符之資料完成的系統及方法 |
CN102298741A (zh) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-12-28 | 安智金融与工业公司 | 用于确保交易安全的方法及其相应的设备和计算机程序 |
CN102298741B (zh) * | 2010-06-22 | 2016-12-14 | 英格尼科集团 | 用于确保交易安全的方法及其相应的设备 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU7094398A (en) | 1998-11-11 |
CA2286778A1 (en) | 1998-10-22 |
KR20010006431A (ko) | 2001-01-26 |
JP2001527672A (ja) | 2001-12-25 |
AU750024B2 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
EP0976116A1 (en) | 2000-02-02 |
US6868391B1 (en) | 2005-03-15 |
BR9808534A (pt) | 2000-05-23 |
NO995031D0 (no) | 1999-10-15 |
WO1998047116A1 (en) | 1998-10-22 |
NO995031L (no) | 1999-12-16 |
KR100383052B1 (ko) | 2003-05-09 |
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