CN1196528A - 在窄带通信链路上传送信息的系统和方法 - Google Patents

在窄带通信链路上传送信息的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN1196528A
CN1196528A CN98105456A CN98105456A CN1196528A CN 1196528 A CN1196528 A CN 1196528A CN 98105456 A CN98105456 A CN 98105456A CN 98105456 A CN98105456 A CN 98105456A CN 1196528 A CN1196528 A CN 1196528A
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乔恩·S·沃伦
戴维德·威廷顿
斯考特·扎波牢基
洛德·祖彻
戴维德·别萨奇
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Motorola Mobility LLC
Google Technology Holdings LLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/04—Protocols specially adapted for terminals or networks with limited capabilities; specially adapted for terminal portability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/565—Conversion or adaptation of application format or content
    • H04L67/5651—Reducing the amount or size of exchanged application data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/566—Grouping or aggregating service requests, e.g. for unified processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H04L67/5681—Pre-fetching or pre-delivering data based on network characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]

Abstract

在窄带通信链路上传递信息的系统和方法。该系统至少具有浏览器(12)、移动客户(10)、固定服务器(30)和原始主机(50)。移动客户将浏览器对资源的请求发送到固定服务器。服务器从原始主机获取主资源和任何从属资源,然后将主资源发送到移动客户。移动客户向服务器发送请求从属资源的确认清单,并将主资源发送到浏览器。服务器在一次传输中将所请求的从属资源发送到移动客户。移动客户在得到请求时将从属资源发送到浏览器。

Description

在窄带通信链路上传送信息的系统和方法
本发明涉及一种在包括但不限于分组数据网络和电路交换网络的广域窄带通信系统上向浏览器客户有效地传送信息。
万维网(World Wide Web，后文中称为Web)是无处不在的通信网络，它被用来容易地访问位于世界各地的许多计算机上的可用资源，并被连接到称为因特网(Internet)的至少一个计算机网络。Web包括一个软件体、一套协议和一套用于获得Web上信息的规范。Web利用超文本和多媒体技术使得Web对于希望浏览、漫游或致力于Web的任何人是“用户友好的”。
超文本传输协议(HTTP)是一个用来在因特网上传输超文本文件的协议。在普通HTTP操作中，代理服务器接收对一个资源的HTTP请求，并与统一资源定位符(URL)中所标识的主机连接。URL是一种表示Web上的不同文档、媒体和网络服务的标准方式。代理服务器获取该资源并向请求方返回一个HTTP响应。
在通常的HTTP操作中，浏览器请求一个超文本标记语言(HTML)响应。HTML是一种建立在Web上使用的超文本文档的标准方式；HTML是一种编码语言，它用代码和方括号将超文本文档中所用的文本包围起来，以指示如何将该文本显示给用户。当浏览器收到HTML响应，浏览器对其进行分析，并发出对于从属资源(比如在线图象)的单个请求。在窄带高等待连接中，这种“乒乓”过程(ping-pong)(例如，浏览器单独请求和接收每个从属资源)导致在完成获取整个网页中产生严重的延迟。对于一个含有N个在线资源的页面，在一条平均往返等待L秒的链路上获取这些资源，则延迟大约为((N+1)*L)秒。
在窄带通信链路上传送信息的结果是，需要一种以有效方式在广域窄带通信系统上向浏览器客户传送信息的系统。
现在参照附图仅举例描述本发明的最佳实施方式、
本发明的特征具体地在权利要求书中提出。现在参照附图以举例方式描述本发明的最佳实施方式。
图1是根据本发明一个最佳实施方式的无线Web代理系统的总体框图；
图2是本发明最佳实施方式的转移连接(bounce)图；
图3和图4一起是根据本发明最佳实施方式的移动客户操作的流程图；
图5和图6一起是根据本发明最佳实施方式的固定服务器操作的流程图；
图7是根据本发明最佳实施方式的用于高速缓冲存储器检查的操作方法的流程图；以及
图8是本发明另一实施方式的转移连接(bounce)图。
应认识到，为了简便和清楚地说明，图中所示的部件不必按比例绘制。适当情况下，在各图中重复相同的参考标号以指示相应的部件。
现在描述的无线Web代理系统是一个媒件(middleware)软件，它对于HTTP请求和响应的通信，起到带有专有协议的HTTP代理服务器的作用。该无线Web代理系统提供一种在广域窄带通信网络上向浏览器客户有效传送信息(例如Web内容)的装置，该信息是经过HTTP协议在传输控制协议/国际互联网协议(TCP/IP)网络上受到访问的，比如文本、图象、声音及其他资源，广域窄带通信网络包括但不限于分组数据网络(例如DataTAC4000/5000/6000，Mobitex，CDPD等)和电路交换网络(例如模拟蜂窝，GSM等)。
如图1所示，无线Web代理系统包括安装在数字处理器/移动客户10上的代理软件14和安装在数字处理器/固定服务器30上的固定代理软件32。移动代理软件14实现符合RFC 1945“超文本传送协议-HTTP/1.0”中所含的规范的对于HTTP1.0故障代理服务器的接口。数字处理器10包括至少下述部件：一个浏览器12，移动代理软件14，一个winsock(套接程序)22和一个射频发送端口24。移动代理软件14还包括至少一个资源收发器16和一个具有至少一个比较器20的确认清单发生器18。与数字处理器10的移动代理软件14相连的是一个高速缓冲存储器26和一个射频收发器28。无线Web代理系统还包括一个存储器，在存储器中具有存储在其中的指令和数据，当执行这些指令时，使得数字处理器10和高速缓冲存储器26构成资源收发器16，它带有与浏览器12连接的输入端17和一个输出端15。确认清单发生器18具有与资源收发器16的输出端15连接的第一输入端19，与高速缓冲存储器连接的第二输入端21和与射频收发器28连接的输出端23。这样一种结构允许比较器20对收到的资源与被高速缓存的资源进行比较。
固定代理软件32安装在运行Windows NT 3.51或更高版本的固定服务器PC上并执行。固定代理软件32实现HTTP1.0客户协议，并负责从因特网或内部网上的HTTP服务器(Web服务器)上获取资源。数字处理器30包括至少下述部件：固定代理软件32，一个winsock40和射频发送端口42。固定代理软件32还包括一个资源收发器34和一个简要响应构造器38。与数字处理器30的固定代理软件32连接的是一个高速缓冲存储器44和一个射收发器46。无线Web代理系统还包括一个存储器，在存储器中具有存储在其中的指令和数据，当执行这些指令时，使得数字处理器30构成资源收发器34和简要响应构造器38。简要响应构造器38与资源收发器34连接。简要响应构造器38的一个输出端39提供一种简要响应，其中包括与多个所请求的资源相应的多个状态代码并且当资源可用时包括所请求的资源。简要响应包括来自多个资源的内容，当与在移动客户的数字处理器中本地高速缓存的资源一起使用时，构成整个信息页(例如一个Web页)。另外，射频收发器46与简要响应构造器38的输出端39连接，用于在通信链路上向浏览器12发送简要响应。
移动用户通过启动移动代理软件14开始浏览。这将自动地启动用户喜爱的Web浏览软件。移动用户利用后继链路输入统一资源定位符(URL)能够浏览Web，就象他/她通常在有线线路环境(例如局域网)中习惯所做的那样。
图2是本发明的最佳实施方式的转移连接(bounce)图。在图2中，浏览器12和移动代理软件14是构成移动客户的主要部件。图2中还示出固定代理软件32和原始主机(例如Web站)50。请求和响应是在窄带通信链路(例如移动代理软件14与固定代理软件32之间的传输)上在移动客户与固定服务器之间交换的。如所示，无线Web代理协议只需要在窄带通信链路上传送两个往返数据以便传送所有必要数据，这些必要数据当与移动客户处本地高速缓存的资源一起使用时构成整个信息页(例如Web页)。通过将窄带通信链路上的数据传送降低到总共两个往返，延迟降低到2*L秒，其中在窄带通信链路上的平均往返等待为L秒。
图3和图4一起是根据本发明最佳实施方式的移动客户10的操作流程图。移动用户的浏览器12被配置成将移动软件作为Web代理服务器。在图3和图4中，当移动用户打开一个URL，浏览器12向移动客户10提交一个HTTP请求。移动代理软件14在步骤102和104接收该HTTP请求，并且检查其本地高速缓冲存储器(以URL为索引的信息的数据库)。以下结合图7描述移动代理软件14检查其本地高速缓冲存储器26的方式。在步骤106，移动客户10确定它是否能立即响应浏览器12或者它必须在窄带通信链路上向固定服务器请求该信息。如果移动客户10已经具有被高速缓存的某些资源(例如在过期前已经接收的页)，则移动代理软件14向固定代理软件32通知不要发送在移动客户10中被高速缓存的资源，并且移动代理软件14在步骤108向浏览器12发送HTTP响应。然而，如果移动客户10决定它必须向固定服务器30传送该请求，因为资源未被高速缓存或者资源已经过期，则移动代理软件14在步骤110和112以被标记化和压缩的HTTP请求的格式向固定服务器发送该请求。下面描述对HTTP请求标记化的方式。因此，在进行到步骤136之前，移动客户的操作从步骤112暂停。在此期间，如在图5和图6中所示，在固定服务器中执行某些步骤。
在图5和图6中，服务器30在步骤114收到HTTP请求后，在步骤116将已标记化并压缩的HTTP请求展开。在展开HTTP请求之后，固定代理软件32在步骤118检查其本地高速缓冲存储器44，以确定是否在本地存储了任何版本的所请求的主资源。下面结合图7再次描述固定代理软件32检查其本地高速缓冲存储器44的方式。如果固定服务器30在步骤120确定主资源未被高速缓存于本地，或者如果有一个版本的主资源被高速缓存但是该版本的主资源已经过期，则固定代理软件32在步骤122与主URL(例如Web，Gopher，文件传送协议等)中所标识的原始主机50(例如Web网站)或另一代理服务器连接，以获取由移动客户10所请求的主资源。在固定代理软件32或者从步骤118或者从步骤125收到一个有效版本的主资源后，固定代理软件32在步骤126确定具有主资源的HTTP响应是否是超文本标记语言(HTML)的格式。
如果HTTP响应不是HTML格式的，固定代理软件32在步骤128立即以加注标记并压缩的格式向移动客户10发送HTTP响应。对HTTP响应标记化的方式也在下面描述。然而，如果HTTP响应是HTML格式的，则固定代理软件32在步骤130检查主URL标识的资源，以确定移动客户10是否可能需要任何其他资源(“从属资源”，由HTML页中的标志中的绝对或相对URL所标识)以便浏览器12向移动用户完整地显示主资源(参见图5)。例如，一个HTML页可以含有图象、Java applet，声音或浏览器12需要的其他从属资源以便适当地显示该页。如果标识了从属资源，则固定代理软件32检查其本地高速缓冲存储器44，并且如果必要，重新与主URL中所标识的原始主机50(例如，对于由相对URL所标识的资源)或其他主机(例如，对于绝对URL所标识的资源)连接，并且发出对那些从属资源的请求(即，固定代理软件预先从主资源获取所标识的从属资源)，并且从原始主机50或者从固定代理软件32向其请求资源的任何主机接收一个更新的资源。如果移动客户10中被高速缓存的主资源版本是最新的，则固定代理软件32向移动客户10返回一个具有当前版本的资源的指示。否则，固定代理软件32在步骤134将主资源(以压缩HTTP响应的格式)与标识主资源所依赖的从属资源的信息一起发送到移动客户10。
当移动客户10在图3的步骤136处收到该HTTP请求时，移动代理软件14在步骤138将该HTTP响应展开，并且利用主资源更新其本地高速缓冲存储器26。如果移动代理软件14在步骤140确定移动代理软件14在步骤136收到的HTTP响应不是HTML格式的，则移动代理软件14在步骤108立即向浏览器12发送HTTP响应。然而，如果在步骤140移动代理软件14确定它在步骤136所收到的HTTP响应是HTML格式的，则移动代理软件14在步骤142标识从属资源。利用从固定代理软件32收到的有关从属资源的信息，移动代理软件14检查其本地高速缓冲存储器26，以便确定它是否具有它们的全部或部分。根据这种高速缓冲存储器检查(如以下结合图7所述)，移动代理软件14在步骤144构造一个短的确认清单，它至少标识未在移动客户10本地高速缓存的从属资源以及在移动客户10本地高速缓存但已过期的从属资源。移动代理软件14在步骤146向浏览器12发送具有主资源的HTTP响应，并且在步骤148通过与固定服务器30的窄带连接传送该确认清单。在步骤148之后，移动客户10的操作再次暂停，而其他步骤如图6所示在固定服务器10中执行。
返回图6，在固定服务器30从移动代理软件14收到确认清单后(步骤150)，固定代理软件32在步骤152根据该清单确定是否有任何待发送的从属资源，并且建造一个简要响应。该简要响应包括一个或多个状态代码(图2中的51，52和53)，对于确认清单中由移动客户10所请求的每个从属资源(图2中的54，55和56)都有一个状态代码。如果从固定服务器30获取了所有从属资源，则在简要响应中对于每个状态代码都有一个从属资源。如果有未由固定服务器30成功获取的从属资源，则状态代码与一个向移动客户10通知不要期待那些资源的错误情况(将在下文详述)相应。简要响应可以是单个传输(如步骤154所示)，或者可以将简要响应分割为几个传输，在第一片段中含有对于所有从属资源的状态代码。如果简要响应被分为几个片段，则移动客户不必对于单个片段在窄带通信链路上发送反向信道确认。这样，位于简要响应中的状态代码与随后(如果有的话)的那些资源相应。
在图4的步骤156，移动客户10从固定服务器30收到简要响应和从属资源(如果有的话)。利用从固定服务器30收到的与简要响应中的从属资源有关的相同信息，移动代理软件14在步骤158更新其本地高速缓冲存储器26，以便准备响应来自浏览器12的任何以后的请求。一旦准备好高速缓冲存储器26，移动代理软件14利用移动用户所请求的主资源(或者来自其高速缓冲存储器或者来自固定服务器30的压缩HTTP响应)以及含有由URL标识的资源的HTTP响应对浏览器12的最初请求进行响应。当浏览器12发出对任何从属资源的请求时，移动代理软件14能够立即响应该请求，或者移动代理软件14能够保持该请求，直到从固定服务器30收到该资源。当移动代理软件14接收从属资源时，移动代理软件14更新其本地高速缓冲存储器并满足已经保持的来自浏览器12的请求。
图7是根据本发明的高速缓冲存储器检查操作的流程图。在代理软件在步骤180对于一个资源检查其高速缓冲存储器后，代理软件在步骤182必须确定所请求的资源是否存在于高速缓冲存储器中(即，代理软件是否已经先前收到了所请求的资源)。如果不存在该资源，则该资源未被地本地高速缓存。如果存在该资源，则代理软件必须在步骤184检查该资源的过期日期。对资源的过期日期的检查向代理软件保证被高速缓存的资源在某个时间帧内(例如24小时等，取决于资源的性质)是最新的。如果资源已经过期，则代理软件必须从另一来源搜索该资源。如果资源尚未过期，则代理软件在步骤188获取一个从属性清单。代理软件在步骤190确定是否有任何从属资源。如果有从属资源，则代理软件在步骤192对于从属资源进行一步检查高速缓冲存储器。如果在高速缓冲存储器中发现从属资源，则代理软件在步骤194检查该从属资源的过期日期。如果从属资源尚未过期，则它们是有效的。如果从属资源已经过期，则代理软件必须从另一来源搜索该从属资源。
标准的HTTP请求和响应包括一个请求或状态行、零个或多个由“域名”组成的首部，一个值以及(可选择地)一个实体主体。请求或状态行和首部是ASCII文本，由回车和换行控制符分隔。首部(请求/状态行和首部一起)以及实体主体(如果存在的话)总是沿未压缩的窄带通信链路传送。无线Web代理协议用请求/状态行标准部分的标记以及标准首部“域名”和普通值的标记所组成的二进制格式代替标准HTTP请求和响应。非标准域名(例如“X-”首部)或值未改变。
标记是无线Web代理协议的固定预定元素。每个代理服务器知道被标记化的信息及其相应标记。采用标记允许“发送方”代理服务器在窄带通信链路上传送较少的数据。
另外，请求首部和响应首部在代理服务器处受到高速缓存。首部域的例子是内容型，内容长度，内容编码，字符集，等。在代理服务器处高速缓存请求和响应首部允许“发送方”代理服务器在窄带通信链路上向“接收方”代理服务器只发送首部中新的或修改过的域。
另外，含有“动态”HTML格式的某些响应包括大量的样板语言和只有少量的资源专用信息(例如，对于比如一个在线照片目录或库存标价服务的搜索引擎或数据库的搜索结果)。样板语言是一种专用于HTML页(例如响应的主体)的语言。因此，利用大型样板语言，用户为了仅接收少部分资源专用信息可能将经受长的延迟。为了避免用户经受这样长的延迟，无线Web代理系统在各代理服务器对响应进行高速缓存。当“接收方”代理服务器再次请求已被高速缓存的响应时，“发送方”代理服务器将被高速缓存的响应与当前响应(例如从原始主机获取的响应)进行比较。“发送方”代理服务器识别出被高速缓存的响应与当前响应之间的样板语言，并且只在窄带连接上发送未在“接收方”代理服务器处高速缓存的信息。“接收方”代理服务器将被高速缓存的信息与在窄带连接上收到的信息结合起来，重构完整的动态响应。
这种方法对于与错误情况相应的响应也是十分有用的。通常，与错误情况相应的响应包括一个含有状态代码的状态行、原因短语、协议版本、零个或多个首部以及一个实体主体。这些元素实质上是静态的，并且除了状态代码之外不提供任何信息，尽管它们通常总计达几十或上百字节。因此，因为在窄带通信链路上传送所有元素，用户可能将经受长的延迟。无线Web代理系统通过在代理服务器处对上述元素进行高速缓存并且在窄带通信链路上只发送与错误情况相应的状态代码，避免用户经受长的延迟。在移动客户处根据该状态代码重构完整的HTTP响应，并发送到浏览器。
另外，如图2所示，T1是最初HTTP请求与从固定服务器30向移动客户10发送第一响应(例如主响应)之间的时间。T1时间短允许浏览器12在短的时间周期内向移动用户显示大概信息。允许移动用户快速获得大概信息，使得移动用户如果在不希望看整个页时(例如，如果移动用户不想看所显示的信息类型，如果移动用户通过观看大概信息而能够获得他/她所查寻的内容，等等)，在完成该页之前，有机会取消该请求或提交不同的请求。
图8是本发明另一实施方式的转移连接(bounce)图。该可替换的实施方式与最佳实施方式类似。然而，该可替换的实施方式并不象最佳实施方式那样包括产生并向固定服务器30发送确认清单的移动代理软件14。相反，该实施方式允许固定代理服务器32在固定代理软件32获取主资源和任何从属资源后向移动客户10发送具有一页和从属性(HTML)清单的HTTP响应。为了响应向浏览器12发送HTTP响应的移动代理软件14，浏览器12向移动代理软件14提交对于从属资源的HTTP请求。固定服务器30向移动客户10发送从属资源。移动代理软件14在其本地高速缓冲存储器26中高速缓存从属资源，并且在收到请求时向浏览器12发送从属资源。
利用单次传送中的单个请求、主资源、确认清单以及从属资源流，能够向移动用户的Web浏览器12传递完整地提供整页(一个Web页)信息所需的信息。尽管本发明是结合特定实施方式描述的，但是对于本领域内熟练的技术人员而言，在前述教导下显然可以做出许多替代、修改和变更。因此，应理解到，本发明并不限于以前所述，而应该根据权利要求的实质和范围包括所有这些替代、修改和变更。

Claims (14)

1.在固定服务器上执行的有效传递信息的方法，包括步骤：
接收对于如统一资源定位符URL所标识的主资源的超文本传输协议HTTP请求；
与URL中所标识的主机连接；
从主机接收主资源；
检查主资源，以标识从属资源；
预取并组装从属资源；以及
向请求方传送主资源。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，还包括步骤：
将从属资源高速缓存到本地高速缓冲存储器中；
等待来自请求从属资源的移动客户的确认清单；以及
在收到确认清单后，向移动客户发送由移动客户请求的从属资源。
3.具有固定部分和移动部分的无线网络代理服务器，
该固定部分包括：
第一数字处理器，包括一个资源收发器和一个与资源收发器连接的简要响应构造器，该简要响应构造器具有一个输出端；
第一射频收发器，与简要响应构造器的输出端连接，用于在通信链路上向浏览器发送至少一个简要响应；
该移动部分包括：
浏览器；
第二射频收发器；
高速缓冲存储器；以及
第二数字处理器，具有一个资源收发器和与高速缓冲存储器连接的确认清单发生器，资源收发器连接到第二射频收发器，确认清单发生器具有一个对收到的资源与被高速缓存的资源进行比较的比较器。
4.向浏览器提供资源的方法，包括步骤：
从浏览器向移动客户发送超文本传输协议HTTP请求；
从移动客户向固定服务器发送该HTTP请求；
从固定服务器向原始主机发送该HTTP请求；
在固定服务器处从原始主机接收HTTP响应；
从固定服务器向移动客户发送一列资源；
在移动客户处，对该列资源与存储在高速缓冲存储器中的资源进行比较；
从移动客户向固定服务器发送从该列资源中有选择地指示资源的确认清单；
在固定服务器处，对确认清单有选择地指示的资源进行组装；以及
在单个传输中，从固定服务器向移动客户发送由确认清单有选择地指示的资源。
5.根据权利要求4的方法，还包括步骤：在请求时从移动客户向浏览器发送每个资源。
6.一种方法，包括步骤：
在固定服务器处：
从原始主机接收超文本传送协议HTTP响应；
识别出该HTTP响应与一个错误情况相应；
向移动客户发送一个状态代码；以及
在移动客户处：
根据状态代码，构造完整的HTTP响应，以便向浏览器传送。
7.有效传送信息的方法，该方法包括步骤：
从移动客户向固定服务器一次传输请求整体中的请求首部；
将请求首部高速缓存到固定服务器处的高速缓冲存储器中；
对于具有该请求首部的信息的后续传输，从移动客户向固定服务器传输与在固定服务器处被高速缓存的请求首部中所含的信息不同的信息；
从固定服务器向移动客户一次传输响应整体中的响应首部；
将响应首部高速缓存到移动客户处的高速缓冲存储器中；以及
对于具有该响应首部的信息的后续传输，从固定服务器向移动客户传输与在移动客户处被高速缓存的请求首部中所含的信息不同的信息。
8.减少窄带连接上数据传送的方法，包括步骤：
在移动客户处：
从浏览器接收对于一个资源的超文本传输协议HTTP请求；
在移动客户的高速缓冲存储器中检查该资源；
识别出移动客户已经收到该资源并且需要再次请求该资源；
向固定服务器通知移动客户已经先前高速缓存了该资源；
在固定服务器处：
对当前在固定服务器处被高速缓存的资源进行检查；
从原始主机请求该资源；
从原始主机接收具有更新的资源的HTTP响应；
对被高速缓存的资源与更新的资源进行比较；以及
向移动客户发送当与当前被高速缓存在移动客户处的资源一起使用时构成更新的资源的信息。
9.启动窄带连接上数据传送的方法，包括步骤：
在固定服务器处：
接收对于一个主资源的超文本传输协议HTTP请求；
如果主资源未被高速缓存在固定服务器处，则从原始主机获取该主资源；
如果主资源被高速缓存在固定服务器处但已过期，则从原始主机获取该主资源；
将主资源高速缓存在固定服务器处的高速缓冲存储器中；
从主资源标识从属资源；
从原始主机请求未被高速缓存在固定服务器处的从属资源；
如果被高速缓存在固定服务器处的从属资源已经过期，则从原始主机请求被高速缓存在固定服务器处的从属资源；
高速缓存从属资源；以及
向移动客户发送主资源。
10.根据权利要求9的方法，包括步骤：
在移动客户处：
将主资源高速缓存到移动客户处的高速缓器中；
从主资源中标识从属资源；
产生一个至少标识未被高速缓存在移动客户处的从属资源以及被高速缓存在移动客户处但已过期的从属资源的确认清单；
向固定服务器发送该确认清单；
接收未被高速缓存在移动客户处的从属资源以及被高速缓存在移动客户处但已过期的从属资源；
将从属资源高速缓存在移动客户处的高速缓冲存储器中；
向浏览器发送主资源；以及
在请求时向浏览器发送从属资源。
11.移动客户处的方法，包括步骤：
从浏览器接收对于一个主资源的请求；
对于该主资源检查移动客户处的高速缓冲存储器；
如果该主资源存在于移动客户处：
(i)向浏览器发送该主资源；
如果该主资源存在于移动客户处并已过期：
(i)对于该主资源的请求进行标记化和压缩；
(ii)向固定服务器发送对于该主资源的请求；
(iii)从固定服务器接收对于该主资源的不同的更新信息；
(iv)对于主资源的不同的更新信息进行解压缩；
(v)对于从固定服务器接收的主资源的不同的更新信息与先前在移动客户处高速缓存的信息进行组装；
(vi)利用完全更新的主资源更新移动客户处的高速缓冲存储器；以及
(vii)向浏览器发送完全更新的主资源；
如果该主资源未存在于移动客户处：
(i)对于该主资源的请求进行标记化和压缩；
(ii)向固定服务器发送对于该主资源的请求；
(iii)从固定服务器接收完全更新的主资源；
(iv)利用完全更新的主资源更新移动客户处的高速缓冲存储器；以及
(v)向浏览器发送完全更新的主资源。
12.根据权利要求11的方法，在向浏览器发送完全更新的主资源的步骤之后，还包括步骤：
在移动客户处：
标识从属资源；
产生一个确认清单；
向固定服务器发送确认清单；
从固定服务器接收简要响应及随后的从属资源；
利用从属资源更新移动客户处的高速缓冲存储器；以及
计算多个从属资源。
13.固定服务器处的方法，包括步骤：
从移动客户接收对于一个主资源的请求；
对于该主资源检查固定服务器处的高速缓冲存储器；
如果该主资源存在于固定服务器并且是有效的：
(i)对于该主资源进行标记化和压缩；以及
(ii)向移动客户发送该主资源；
如果该主资源存在于固定服务器并且是失时效的：
(i)从原始主机获取该主资源；
(ii)将该主资源高速缓存于固定服务器处；
(iii)对主资源进行标记化和压缩；以及
(iv)向移动客户发送该主资源；
如果该主资源未存在于固定服务器：
(i)从原始主机获取主资源；
(ii)在固定服务器处高速缓存该主资源。
(iii)对主资源进行标记化和压缩；以及
(iv)向移动客户发送该主资源。
14.根据权利要求13的方法，还包括步骤：
预取对于主资源的从属资源；以及
在固定服务器处高速缓存对于主资源的从属资源。
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