CN1189113C - 改进的鞋子 - Google Patents

改进的鞋子 Download PDF

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CN1189113C
CN1189113C CNB971950296A CN97195029A CN1189113C CN 1189113 C CN1189113 C CN 1189113C CN B971950296 A CNB971950296 A CN B971950296A CN 97195029 A CN97195029 A CN 97195029A CN 1189113 C CN1189113 C CN 1189113C
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shoes
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杰弗里·S·布鲁克斯
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/141—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form having an anatomical or curved form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
    • A43B1/0027—Footwear characterised by the material made at least partially from a material having special colours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
    • A43B1/0045—Footwear characterised by the material made at least partially of deodorant means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18—Resilient soles
    • A43B13/187—Resiliency achieved by the features of the material, e.g. foam, non liquid materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/38—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process
    • A43B13/41—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process combined with heel stiffener, toe stiffener, or shank stiffener
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
    • A43B17/10—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined specially adapted for sweaty feet; waterproof
    • A43B17/102—Moisture absorbing socks; Moisture dissipating socks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/0036—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use characterised by a special shape or design
    • A43B3/0063—U-shaped
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/142—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the medial arch, i.e. under the navicular or cuneiform bones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/1425—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the ball of the foot, i.e. the joint between the first metatarsal and first phalange
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/1435—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the joint between the fifth phalange and the fifth metatarsal bone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/144—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the heel, i.e. the calcaneus bone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/1445—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the midfoot, i.e. the second, third or fourth metatarsal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/22—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with fixed flat-foot insertions, metatarsal supports, ankle flaps or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/32—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with shock-absorbing means

Abstract

本发明涉及一种鞋子，它包括一个鞋底，鞋底具有一个由用于减轻着地冲击的震动的第一弹性区和用于为穿鞋者提供稳固支承的比第一弹性区硬的第二弹性区。该鞋底具有分别具有内侧区域和外侧区域的脚跟部、弓形部和脚趾部。鞋底还具有前足部，前足部具有第一区域和第二区域，第一区域用于支承脚的第一、第二、第三、第四、第五跖骨、相关联的跖骨和跖关节以及与第四、第五跖骨头相关联的跖骨颈。第一弹性区包括脚跟部的外侧区域、弓形部的外侧区域和前足部的第一区域，第二区包括弓形部的内侧区域和前足部的第二区域。本发明的鞋子提供了适当量的减振效果并支承脚的不同区域，保护脚受高冲击力的部位，并使其他部位发挥作用而最有效地使身体准备承受作用力。

Description

改进的鞋子
总的来说，本发明涉及一种鞋子，它是对本发明人的美国专利No.4,272,899所述设计方案的改进。在此作为参考地引入了此项美国专利No.4,272,899。
本发明的鞋子包括一个鞋底，该鞋底被构造成具有一第一弹性区和一第二较硬区，第一弹性区用于减轻人在站立、行走和奔跑时施加于脚和其它骨架结构上的冲击力，第二较硬区用于稳固地支承人脚。
当人们行走和奔跑时，脚跟侧部(外侧)通常是脚先触地的第一部位，接着脚以脚跟为支点落下，从而使前足的侧部触地。此时，脚掌是微翘起的(从脚的侧部向足心向上倾斜)，但它马上向下转入一个中间位置，脚跟的底部和前足的跖骨头在此中间位置上着地且脚跟的中心垂直面理想地基本垂直于地面。在顺序地完成这样的动作时，各块肌肉和腱收缩以便在步法循环的推进段之前使准备从中间位置返回翘起位置的脚站稳。(所述推进段有时被称为“脚尖离地”(toe-off)或“跟进段”(push-off))。当脚处于中间位置上时，应该稳固地支承足弓(即足骨构架排列线)以防止韧带、肌肉和腱受力过大。在脚尖离地时，最好稳固地支承第二、第三跖骨，并且第一跖骨头相对于第二、第三跖骨头作跖弯曲运动(向下移动)。也应该在脚尖离地时稳固地支承脚趾，从而使脚趾保持笔直状态并因趾骨的支柱作用而使脚趾因此而更有力。
根据以上描述，显然脚的某些部位在站立、行走和奔跑过程中受到了较大的力，而脚的其它部位需要不同程度的支承以便获得最佳的生物力学功效。另外，脚承受的强大冲击力被传给其它骨架结构如膝盖和胫骨。本发明考虑了这些情况并提供了适当程度的减振效果且为不同的脚部位提供了支承，由此保护了脚的承受强大冲击力的这些部位并允许脚的其它部位最有效地发挥作用以使人体准备好承受作用力。
在本发明的几个目的中，可以注意到，提供了适合穿鞋者脚的生物力学运动的鞋子；通过给特定穿鞋者脚的区域提供适量的缓冲和支承而使鞋子最大程度地满足了特定使用者的各种要求和/或任务；以及本发明的措施可用于鞋类如鞋、靴、凉鞋的鞋底或用于放在鞋内的中底等物。
总的来说，本发明的改进鞋子包括一个鞋底，该鞋底被构造成具有一第一弹性区和一比第一弹性区硬的第二区，第一弹性区由用于在人奔跑或行走时减轻穿鞋者所受的且部分来自于较硬的第二区的冲击振动，第二区用于稳固支承人脚。所述鞋底具有：一个用于支承脚跟的脚跟部，所述脚跟部具有内侧区域和外侧区域；一个在脚跟部前面的且用于支承足弓的弓形部，所述弓形部具有内侧区域和外侧区域；一个在弓形部前面的且用于支承包括第一、第二、第三、第四和第五跖骨头以及相关联的跖骨颈、邻近的趾骨和跖趾关节的拇趾球的前足部，所述前足部具有用于支承第一、第二、第三、第四和第五跖骨头、有关联的趾骨和跖趾关节以及与第四、第五跖骨头相关联的跖骨颈的第一区域和用于支承与第二、第三跖骨头相关联的跖骨颈的第二区域；所述鞋底是如此构造成的，即第一弹性区位于所述脚跟部的外侧区域、所述弓形部的外侧区域和所述前足部的第一区域内，第二区位于所述前足部的第二区域内和所述弓形部的内侧区域内。
优选地，所述鞋底包括一个鞋底夹层，并且所述鞋还包括一个永久地固定在所述鞋底夹层上以便与地接合的外底。
本发明的其它目的和特征的一部分将是显而易见的，而其另一部分将在下文中给出。
图1是用于右足的本发明鞋底的俯视图。
图2是示出了其复合结构的图1所示鞋底的仰视图。
图3是具有本发明鞋底的鞋子的右侧视图。
图4是沿图3的4-4线的横截面视图。
图5是沿图3的5-5线的横截面视图。
图6是与图2相似的且示出了本发明的一个替换实施例的视图。
在以下的几个附图中，相同的部件由同一参考标记表示。
参见附图1和图2，本发明的鞋子包括一个整体由标记10表示的鞋底。所示的鞋底10具有四个部分，即脚跟部12、弓形部14、前足部16和脚趾部18，这些部分对应于穿鞋者脚的各部位。在使用过程中，脚跟部12位于穿鞋者脚的脚跟下面且它包括分别由标记20、22表示的内侧区域和外侧区域，所述内侧区域和外侧区域分别对应于脚的内侧和外侧。同样，在脚跟部12前面的弓形部14位于穿鞋者的足弓下面并也分别具有内侧区域24和外侧区域26。前足部16在弓形部14的前面且它位于拇趾球的下面，拇趾球包括在图2中用假想线M1-M5表示的第一、第二、第三、第四和第五跖骨头。拇趾球还包括与上述跖骨头相联的第一、第二、第三、第四和第五跖骨颈(N1-N5)、在相应的跖骨头前面的第一、第二、第三、第四和第五邻近的趾骨(PP1-PP5)以及在跖骨头和邻近趾骨之间的有关联的跖趾关节(J1-J5)。前足部16被分成第一区域28和第二区域30。第一区域28适于位于所有五个跖骨头M1-M5、第四跖骨颈N4和第五跖骨颈N5、邻近的趾骨PP1-PP5和跖趾关节J1-J5的下面。第二区域30位于第二、第三跖骨颈N2、N3的下面并支承它们。区域28、30由一条大致由34表示的界线限定，该界线包括一个前内(内侧)段34a和一个外(外侧)段34b。如图2所示，界线34的内(内侧)段34a相对于界线的外段34b向后偏置以便适应第一跖骨头。内段34a直接经过第一跖骨头颈部的下方，而外段34b直接经过第二、第三跖骨头颈部的下方。鞋底的脚趾部18在前足部16的前方且它至少位于穿鞋者脚趾头的中间趾骨MP2-MP5和末节趾骨DP1-DP5的下方。
根据本发明，如此地构造成鞋底10，即使第一弹性区包括所述脚跟部的外侧区域、所述弓形部的外侧区域和所述前足部和脚趾部的第一区域。比第一弹性区硬的第二区包括所述脚跟部的内侧区域、所述弓形部的内侧区域和所述前足部的第二区域。在一个实施例中，第一弹性区可以部分地由第一弹性材料形成，比第一弹性区硬的第二区部分地由比第一弹性材料硬的第二材料形成。在该实施例中，鞋底被形成为使得第一弹性材料位于脚跟部的外侧区域、弓形部的外侧区域和脚趾部和前足部的第一区域。第二材料位于脚跟部的内侧区域、弓形部的内侧区域和前脚部的第二区域。这种结构已在图2中清楚地示出了。图2示出了最好是一个整体部件40的第一弹性材料和最好是一个整体部件42的第二材料，第一整体件40的形状就象数字“7”，第二整体部件42直接固定在第一整体部件40的右面和下面。
图3-图5示出了放在整体用标号50表示的鞋子中的鞋底10，鞋50具有一个以适当的方式与鞋底10固定在一起的鞋面52。鞋底10包括两个并排设置的部分40、42(图4)。较软的第一弹性材料的部分40最好具有根据美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)标准D 2440-97测得的小于约70的C型硬度计(通常称为肖氏C硬度计)硬度，此部分优选地具有约为40-60的硬度。根据鞋子的特殊活动用途，硬度可以是不同的。例如，如果打算将鞋子用于行走目的，则较软材料的部分40可能具有约为45的C型硬度计硬度(ASTM D 2240-97)。而如果鞋子是跑步鞋，则部分40的硬度约为60。总而言之，部分40应该足够“柔软”以提供减震性能，但它又要足够坚固以为脚提供稳固性。较硬的第二材料的部分42具有50-85的C型硬度计硬度(ASTM D 2240-97)，其硬度最好大于60。如所述的，第二材料比第一弹性材料硬，所以第二材料的部分42的C型硬度计硬度必须大于第一弹性材料的C型硬度计硬度。对于承受重载的鞋子(如工作靴)来说，部分42的硬度最好约为75。
这两个部分或鞋底部40、42可以通过适当的方式如通过热熔合、粘结或通过化学处理或固化处理连接在一起。这两个部分可以由任何合适的鞋底材料如聚氨酯、TPR、PVC、EVA或制鞋领域中普通技术人员公知的其它材料制成。另外，这两个部分40、42可以由具有不同硬度计硬度的一种材料(如PVC或EVA)制成，或是由具有不同硬度计硬度的不同材料制成。此外，这两个部分可以由不同颜色的材料制成，从而提高中底的美观性并为了好销售而强调它采用了多种材料。
可以代替传统鞋子的鞋底夹层地采用由两个部分40、42构成的上述复合鞋底，其中这两个部分可永久地连接在一起或通过其它方式成一体地固定在一个耐磨的外底54上，或者可代替传统的一体式杯形鞋底地采用这两个部分。可单独设计这两个部分40、42的形状和厚度以弥补特定用户或特定人群的各种特点。例如，可以根据穿鞋人的脚来适当地确定这两个部分40、42的上表面轮廓。另外，这两个部分40、42的上表面可设有U形脚跟座60(图1、4)、弓形支承部62(图1、3和5)和拇趾凹窝64(图1、5)。根据预期穿着者的人体特征，可以象本申请人的美国专利No.4,272,899所述的那样改变这些结构的厚度以满足穿鞋人的要求。
如图4所示，一层材料70如弹性聚合物布料覆盖在这两个部分40、42的整个上表面上，从而构成了一个袜衬并改善了鞋底10的外观。另外，袜衬70防止了鞋底粘在穿鞋者的脚上或袜子上。可将标记如商标印在袜衬的上表面上。另外，袜衬70可以由本领域公知的吸臭材料和/或吸汗材料制成。袜衬70也可以浸润有防菌剂和/或防微生物剂。
在鞋底具有这种结构的情况下，鞋底10保护了那些受到强大冲击力的人脚部位并支承着人脚的其它部位，从而使这些部位能够最大地发挥作用并使人体准备承受作用力，由此降低了受伤的可能性。当第一部分40的第一弹性材料承受载荷时，它比较容易压缩。但是，第二部分42的第二材料在受到载荷时不易压缩。因此，鞋底10的装有第一弹性材料的第一部分40的区域变形并吸收了冲击力，而鞋底的装有第二材料的第二部分42的区域不会变形，从而更稳固地支承着脚。
当人迈步时，脚的某些部位需要更大的缓冲力，而其它部位需要更稳固的支承。脚跟的侧部通常是脚先触地的第一部位。在鞋底10脚跟部12的外侧区域22内的较软部分40减弱了初始冲击力。在受到初始冲击以后，脚以脚跟为支点落下，足弓和前足的侧部着地。在弓形部14的外侧区域26和前足部16的第一区域28内的第一弹性材料吸收了这个二次冲击的震动。在经过了二次冲击之后，脚向下转向一个中间位置，脚跟底部和前足的跖骨头M1-M5在此位置上触地，并且脚跟的中心垂直面基本上垂直于地面。当位于中间位置时，弓形部14的内侧区域24上的第二部分42稳固地支承着足骨排列，由此可缓解使脚处于这种状态时施加给腱、肌肉和韧带的力。在脚尖离地的过程中，前足部16的第二材料支承着第二、第三跖骨颈N2、N3，而用在所述前足部的第一区域28中的第一弹性材料允许第一跖骨颈N1和跖骨头M1相对于第二、第三跖骨头M2、M3作跖弯曲运动。这一运动使脚在步法循环的推进段内处于一个合适的生物力学状态下。这一运动还允许籽骨机构在中间站立状态下和脚尖离地过程中发挥正确的作用。在跖骨头M1-M5下方的第一弹性材料还用于分散从中间站立状态到步法循环的推进段的人体重量。
可以从上文中看到，各个鞋底区的材料性能可使得适当地缓冲并支承穿鞋人脚的各部位。另外，第一、第二部分40、42的形状提高了脚的支承性和活动性。例如，优选实施例的拇趾凹窝64允许第一跖骨头M1在脚尖离地时相对于第二和第三跖骨头M2、M3作跖弯曲运动。同样，弓形支承部62和脚跟座60支承并托着脚的足骨结构，从而在脚落下后保持了适当的中间位置并防止穿鞋人脚和腿的肌肉、韧带和腱受力过大。
图6示出了本发明鞋底100的第二实施例。除了脚跟部的内侧区域和外侧区域(分别标为120、122)都是由相同的第一弹性材料制成的以外，此变型实施例与上述鞋底10相同。换句话说，所述脚跟部的内侧区域120不象在第一实施例中那样是由第二材料制成的。如图6所示，将第一弹性材料部分的140和第二材料的部分142分开的纵向界线134具有一个通常在第三和第四跖骨颈N3、N4间延伸的纵向线段134a、一个在骰骨180和脚的第三楔骨182之间向后延伸的线段134b和一个逐渐向后且向中间地弯向鞋底内侧的线段134c，此线段134c在舟骨186和脚跟的内结节188的前端之间经过。除了它为整个脚跟区域而不是只为脚跟的外侧区域提供缓冲以外，此鞋底设计方案的功能与第一实施例中的鞋底设计方案的功能完全相同。
人们将认识到，可以根据鞋底的设计用途来改变上述硬度。例如，设计用于穿鞋者将经常背负重物场合的成人鞋(如工作靴)可能要求比儿童鞋更强的支承性。同样，可能要求跑步鞋的脚跟部有比要求更多缓冲性能的旅游鞋更稳定的支承性，以吸收每步的初始震动。
此外可以想见，本发明不必局限于任何特殊类型的鞋子且它同样适用于活动中底以及适用于鞋、靴和凉鞋的鞋底。(本文中所用的“鞋子”一词包括所有这类产品和包括或具有鞋底的任何其它产品)。与此相似，在不超出本发明范围的情况下，可以在鞋底或中底的任何垂直高度内使用上述第一弹性材料和第二材料的独特结构以提供所需要的支承。例如，如果鞋底或中底是多层结构，则至少其中一层可以在上述适当的区域内具有带第一弹性材料和第二材料的结构。
尽管参见特殊实施例地描述了本发明，但应该理解的是，在不脱离由后续的要求保护内容所限定的本发明范围的前提下，本发明可以有很多种修改方案和变型实施例。

Claims (15)

1.一种包括一鞋底(10)的鞋子，所述鞋底具有：
(a)一个用于支承脚跟的脚跟部(12)，所述脚跟部具有内侧区域(20)和外侧区域(22)；
(b)一个在所述脚跟部(12)前面且用于支承足弓的弓形部(14)，所述弓形部具有内侧区域(24)和外侧区域(26)；
(c)一个在所述弓形部(14)前面且用于支承包括第一、第二、第三、第四、第五跖骨头(M1-M5)和相关联的跖骨颈(N1-N5)、邻近的趾骨(PP1-PP5)和跖趾关节(J1-J5)的拇趾球的前足部(16)，所述前足部具有用于支承第一、第二、第三、第四和第五跖骨头、相关联的趾骨和跖趾关节以及与第四、第五跖骨头相关联的跖骨颈的第一区域(28)和用于支承与第二、第三跖骨头有关联的跖骨颈的第二区域(30)；
所述鞋底(10)如此构成，即它具有用于减轻行走和奔跑时施加给穿鞋人的冲击震动的第一弹性区和比所述第一弹性区硬、用以在行走和奔跑时为人脚提供稳固支承的第二区，第一弹性区包括所述脚跟部的外侧区域(22)、所述弓形部(14)的外侧区域(26)和所述前足部(16)的第一区域(28)，而第二区包括所述弓形部(14)的内侧区域(25)和所述前足部(16)的第二区域(30)。
2.如权利要求1所述的鞋子，其特征在于，所述鞋底部分由用于减轻当人、行走或奔跑时施加给穿鞋者的冲击震动的第一弹性材料制成且部分由为脚提供稳固支承的且比所述第一弹性材料硬的第二材料构成，所述鞋底是如此形成的，即使第一弹性材料位于所述脚跟部的外侧区域、所述弓形部的外侧区域和所述前足部的第一区域内，并使第二材料位于所述弓形部的内侧区域和所述前足部的第二区域内。
3.如权利要求2所述的鞋子，其特征在于，第一弹性材料被做成一个具有象数字7的形状的部分。
4.如权利要求3所述的鞋子，其特征在于，第一弹性材料具有小于70的C型硬度计硬度，而第二材料具有50-85的C型硬度计硬度。
5.如权利要求4所述的鞋子，其特征在于，第一弹性材料具有在为40-60范围内的C型硬度计硬度，而第二材料具有约为75的C型硬度计硬度。
6.如权利要求3所述的鞋子，其特征在于，由第一弹性材料制成部分是一个整体件，第二材料形成为一个永久地固定在由所述第一弹性材料形成的所述整体件上的整体件。
7.如权利要求6所述的鞋子，其特征在于，分别由第一弹性材料和第二材料形成的整体件并排地固定在一起，从而至少构成了所述鞋底的一部分。
8.如权利要求7所述的鞋子，其特征在于，它还包括一个覆盖在所述整体件的上表面上的袜衬。
9.如权利要求8所述的鞋子，其特征在于，所述鞋底包括一个鞋底夹层，并且所述鞋还包括一个永久地固定在所述鞋底夹层上以便与地接合的外底。
10.如权利要求2所述的鞋子，其特征在于，位于所述前足部的第一区域内的第一弹性材料和位于所述前足部的第二区域内的第二材料适于允许脚的第一跖骨颈和第一跖骨头在脚尖离地时相对于第二、第三跖骨头作跖弯曲运动。
11.如权利要求2所述的鞋子，其特征在于，第一弹性材料位于所述脚跟部的内侧区域内。
12.如权利要求2所述的鞋子，其特征在于，第二种材料位于所述脚跟部的内侧区域内。
13.如权利要求2所述的鞋子，其特征在于，所述前足部的第一和第二区域由一条在与第一、第二和第三跖骨头相关联的跖骨颈下方延伸的分界线划界。
14.如权利要求1所述的鞋子，其特征在于，所述第一弹性区还包括所述脚跟部的内侧区域。
15.如权利要求1所述的鞋子，其特征在于，所述第二区(13)还包括所述脚跟部的内侧区域。
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AU709590B2 (en) 1999-09-02
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ID19467A (id) 1998-07-16
FI982575A (fi) 1998-11-27
US5964046A (en) 1999-10-12
US5787610A (en) 1998-08-04
BR9709395A (pt) 2000-12-12
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AU3139397A (en) 1998-01-05
CN1219852A (zh) 1999-06-16

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