CN1143326A - 注射液体或药物用的导管 - Google Patents

注射液体或药物用的导管 Download PDF

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CN1143326A
CN1143326A CN94195056A CN94195056A CN1143326A CN 1143326 A CN1143326 A CN 1143326A CN 94195056 A CN94195056 A CN 94195056A CN 94195056 A CN94195056 A CN 94195056A CN 1143326 A CN1143326 A CN 1143326A
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entry needle
catheter
conduit
catheter tip
catheter shaft
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B·赫夫林
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Bavaria Medizin Technologie GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
    • A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0068—Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
    • A61M25/0069—Tip not integral with tube
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0082—Catheter tip comprising a tool
    • A61M25/0084—Catheter tip comprising a tool being one or more injection needles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/056—Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
    • A61N1/0565—Electrode heads
    • A61N1/0568—Electrode heads with drug delivery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/22072—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with an instrument channel, e.g. for replacing one instrument by the other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/22072—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with an instrument channel, e.g. for replacing one instrument by the other
    • A61B2017/22074—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with an instrument channel, e.g. for replacing one instrument by the other the instrument being only slidable in a channel, e.g. advancing optical fibre through a channel
    • A61B2017/22077—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on the inside of inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; Calculus removers; Calculus smashing apparatus; Apparatus for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with an instrument channel, e.g. for replacing one instrument by the other the instrument being only slidable in a channel, e.g. advancing optical fibre through a channel with a part piercing the tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
    • A61B2018/2238—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with means for selectively laterally deflecting the tip of the fibre
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0082—Catheter tip comprising a tool
    • A61M25/0084—Catheter tip comprising a tool being one or more injection needles
    • A61M2025/0085—Multiple injection needles protruding axially, i.e. along the longitudinal axis of the catheter, from the distal tip
    • A61M2025/0086—Multiple injection needles protruding axially, i.e. along the longitudinal axis of the catheter, from the distal tip the needles having bent tips, i.e. the needle distal tips are angled in relation to the longitudinal axis of the catheter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0082—Catheter tip comprising a tool
    • A61M25/0084—Catheter tip comprising a tool being one or more injection needles
    • A61M2025/0087—Multiple injection needles protruding laterally from the distal tip

Abstract

一种注射导管，其中，或者是注射针束可以相对于导管杆移动，或者在导管尖端与导管杆固牢的情况下，注射针束可以沿纵向移动。为此，导管尖端可以取不同形式，导管杆内的注射针可以取不同形式并可以不同方式导引。一个操作装置用于实现注射针和导管尖端之间的相对移动，该操作装置包括可以可控地相对移动的两个部件，由此使注射针伸出或缩回。操作装置也包括能够通过注射针注射药物的入口。

Description

注射液体或药物用的导管
本发明涉及一种用于将液体或药物注射到空腔器官和体腔内特别是冠状血管和动脉内的导管，包括：一个可插入动脉的导管尖端；一个导管杆；多个配置在导管尖端内可移动的注射针，这些注射针的针尖在缩回位置时位于导管尖端内部而在伸出位置时从导管尖端凸出以便注射上述液体或药物；一个连接在导管的体外端部上使针尖通过导管杆移动的操作装置；以及在导管尖端中形成的允许注射针向侧面和向前凸出的开孔；其中，注射针固定在可在导管杆内纵向移动的软管上；上述导管杆固定在操作装置的一部分上而注射针固定在其另一部分上，使得两部分彼此相向的相对移动产生导管尖端和注射针彼此相对地移动，从而使注射针从上述缩回位置移动到上述伸出位置。
美国专利No.3,598,119公开了一种用于分配麻醉剂的医疗器械，其中一根注射针在同轴内腔中受到导引以便将针插在皮下，而一个在远端区域的气囊可以通过同轴外腔而膨胀，以便将针尖固定在皮下的位置中。
德国实用新型No.G89 13 761公开了一种纤维蛋白凝集素用的内窥镜注射装置，其中三根同轴管设有一个导入装置，外边的一根管用作两根内管的导向件，两根内管用于导入一种双组分纤维蛋白凝集素，它们在管的远端区域中混合后，通过一根连接在同轴管之一上的注射针而注射。
WO92 10 142公开了一种包括多腔导管杆的导管，其中可以使针沿纵向移动而通过导管尖端中的开孔伸出，并由此将针插入周围的组织中，以便在其中通过针引入纤维光学元件或测热元件，随情况而定。此外，这些中空的针适用于插入冲洗和抽吸用具。
美国专利No.4,578,061公开了一种用于将液体通过可以伸出的注射针注射到静脉或动脉中的导管，注射针可以在导管的前端沿纵向移动并与导管的轴向腔连通，因此，当它伸出时，从轴向腔接受供给它的药物。在导管尖端内设置一个双室系统，该系统包括两个同轴柱塞，一个柱塞可以在另一个柱塞中套筒式地移动，该双室系统使柱塞之一能够用于伸出注射针，并使另一柱塞能够用于通过该注射针注射预定剂量的药物。
PCT/EP93/02,829公开了一种此处最初提到的那种类型的导管。这种导管使用多根可以沿纵向在多腔杆中移动的注射针，多腔杆通过在其上插接和粘结的套管连接到导管尖端上。
因为治疗冠状血管和动脉的导管必须相当长，通常可以是约1.2m至1.6m长，所以如果多腔杆的各个腔中的多根注射针必须移动导管的全长度，那么就会产生相当大的摩擦。如果使用由塑料制成的多腔管，那么在这样长的长度上产生的此种相当高的摩擦也可能产生不希望有的沿纵向的伸长或压缩，使注射针难以在组织内精确地定位。
本发明的任务是排除这些缺点。
为解决上述任务，本发明规定，注射针通过粘结或套上一软管而成一束并可相对于导管头部移动。
因此，可分别根据导管头部或注射针束的设计可按有利的方式大大减少表面摩擦，由此能够将注射针在组织内精确定位。
在本发明的一个特定结构中，将注射针束在导管远端区域之后插入一个内径较大的挠性管中并可与该管一起在导管杆中移动。这种结构具有下列优点，就是只有两个彼此相对地同轴移动的管状腔，由于它们的结构形式，不管它们是由合适的塑料或金属制成都不会遭受不希望有的纵向伸长或压缩，因此，由于这两个两轴腔之间的小的摩擦，能够用很小的力就使注射针适宜，地定位。同时规定，注射针束在导管头部和同轴腔之间以成束形式延伸一段长度，从而由于成束的注射针的良好挠性而保证该导管远端区段的高度挠性。
为了更加增大导管远端的挠性，单个注射针最好具有较薄的壁但直径相同的流通容积，以便有更薄从而更有挠性的注射针。注射针的厚壁部分或者可以通过一个管状外杆延伸其整个长度，或者可以在一个一直到操作装置形成较大直径的流通容积的管状内腔中被粘结或焊接。这将形成对注射针的显著的过量供给液体，因此将能够均匀地注射液体。
根据本发明的又一个结构形式，导管杆内可以有一个模制的优质钢丝网，或者在导管杆或多腔束内可以分别安装一根稳定金属线，以便克服不希望有的纵向伸长或压缩而提高稳定性。
为了便于该导管的定位或定向导引，可以设置一根导向金属线，在一个被注射针束包围的导向腔中受到导引。该导向腔也可以偏心地安置在针束和导管外杆之间，使导向金属线在体外在操作装置前头引出。如果导管没有导向腔，可以将一根导向金属线固定在导管尖端的远端上。
在本发明的又一结构形式中，在整个导管长度上产生极小摩擦，其中，注射针束固定在导管杆上，或应用多腔杆而将注射针固定在各个腔内，其中，通过一个在导管杆中的导向腔延伸的一根操作金属线分别使导管尖端缩回导管杆中或从导管杆伸出。为了尽可能减小在导管尖端内导引注射针过程中产生的摩擦，该导管尖端包括一束形成腔的优质钢管，通过它们伸出注射针，如果需要，还伸出导向金属线。这种类型的导管尖端特别适用于预先弯曲的注射针或用超弹性的材料和/或具有形状记忆性能的材料制成的针。通过一个在导管尖端中形成的中心孔插入注射针束和使注射针沿侧向通过与中心孔连通的导向槽伸出也可以获得在导管尖端内导引注射针的一种特别有利的方式。
显然，如果导管尖端中有多个导向腔，并非所有这些腔都必须被注射针占据。相反，一些腔可以用于装入光导材料，用于通过导管将光能传导给组织，以便在应用光敏物质时导入所需的光能。或者它们可以用于插入控制和/或测量系统。在这种结构形式中，操作装置必须适当地改变，以便使为光导材料所设的腔通过操作装置能直接触及。但是，也允许导向腔的终点设在体外操作装置前，以便能够将这类光导材料或一根导向金属线插入导管。
这类导管用的操作装置包括注射针或操作金属线用的一个推力柱塞，该推力柱塞有一个螺纹部分，为轴向移动而设有一滚花螺母，该操作装置设有与单个注射针对应的药物入口。但是，也可以给操作装置提供合适的驱动机构而用气动、液动或电动方式来控制推力柱塞的进给移动。也可以规定用脚操作推力柱塞。如果操作装置设有几个药物入口，那么此种非手动类型的推力柱塞驱动特别有利。最好是，操作装置设有刻度，使得可以密切控制推力柱塞的移动。可以设置止动件以限制推力柱塞的移动。
对于特殊用途，注射导管可以在其上相对于导管尖端在远处和/或也在近处连接一个气囊，用于在注射期间固定导管，也可以连接一个血管成形术用的气囊，使得在注射的同时完成扩张。
注射针腔可以用于插入控制和测量用具。此类用具可以包括(例如)血管显微镜、超声测量装置、分光镜、测量活性和浓度和pH值的装置、温度计等等。当然，注射导管也可以通过穿刺管用于治疗(例如)肿瘤、转移瘤、炎症部位、脑回等等。
从下面结合权利要求和附图对优选实施例的说明中可以清楚本发明的其它优点和特点。
图1表示一种可在导管轴中移动的导管尖端，用以对安装于导管杆的几个腔中的注射针束作导引而缩回和伸出；
图2表示一种导管尖端与以成束形式安装在单腔杆中的缩回的注射针；
图3表示一种固定在单腔杆上的导管尖端，具有一个在单腔杆中可移动的挠性管，挠性管中固定了一束在导管尖端中可移动的注射针；
图4表示一种由一束管组成并固定在单腔杆上的导管尖端，单腔杆有一束可以通过其中移动的注射针；
图5表示一个用于在单腔杆中移动一束注射针的操作装置；
图6是由一束管组成的导管尖端沿图4中VI-VI线截取的截面图；
图7表示导管尖端的另一个实施例；
图8是一个包含针和导向腔的导管杆的截面图。
图1例示导管的远端结构，包括一个可以在固定套12中沿轴向移动的导管尖端11，固定套12连接在多腔杆14上，其中在各个腔内固定有注射针15。固定在导管尖端11上的操作金属线17在中心导向腔16内受到导向，导管尖端11可以利用该操作金属线17沿轴向移动。在图1所示的导管尖端的缩回位置，通过纵向导向槽18而使注射针15向外伸出，在该位置中针可以刺破围绕导管的组织。最好是，注射针有一定的弯曲，从而容易地在导向槽中向外伸出。针最好用优质钢或特殊合金制成，使它们具有足够的挠性和刚性，可以通过导管尖端的作用而向外伸出，但仍使它们坚韧到足以刺入组织。使用合适地磨光的针可以最佳地刺入组织。
图2例示导管的一种改型的远端结构20，表示导管尖端11向前移动到一个伸出位置，在该位置中注射针15完全位于导向槽18中。这是将导管插入动脉或静脉中的位置，通过一个连接在导管前端上所谓固定线的导引线19可使导管的插入更为方便。在图2所示的导管中，注射针15组合为一束，并就这样固定在单腔杆22上。操作金属线17通过注射针束的内部，并由其导引。操作金属线固定在导管尖端11上，因此，可以通过轴向移动操作金属线17而使导管尖端从导管远端部分中伸出或缩回。
图3例示本发明的又一个结构形式，其中，注射针束15可在单腔杆14内沿轴向移动，而导管尖端11借助于单腔杆14上的固定套12保持在不可移动的位置。挠性管24安置在单腔杆14内，在挠性管24的前端粘结或焊接有注射针15的后部，因此挠性管24在单腔杆14内沿轴向移动将使注射针相应地缩回导管尖端11或从导管尖端11中伸出。为了使远端结构具有高度挠性，导管尖端11和挠性管24之间的距离可以显著地大于图3中所示，这意味着，与图示的不同，固定套12并不延伸到可在其中移动挠性管24的区域。为了改善滑动性能，挠性管24最好涂有减摩材料，如PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)。该同一材料也用于可在图1所示的多腔杆和图2所示的单腔杆中移动的注射针。
图4表示本发明的再一个实施例，其中导管的远端40包括一个由一束管41组成的导管尖端，其横截面由图6表示。预先弯曲的注射针在一束管的各个管内延伸至单腔管22，该单腔管22通过固定套12与导管尖端牢固连接。注射针45在导管尖端和单腔杆22区域中的直径比在导管其余部分中的直径小，这使注射针的前端高度挠性而同时在导管杆的区域中保证最佳的刚性和挠性。可以滑动地支承在单腔杆22中的注射针最好涂有合适的减摩材料。在注射针束45的中心最好形成一腔以容纳导向金属线43，后者可通过导管尖端的管束内的一根相应的管子而向前伸出。为了减少内部摩擦并使得能够以较低压力注射药物，注射针45的具有较大外径的部分也可以具有比针尖内径大的内径。虽然图4描画的注射针的直径较大区段同样距导管尖端一个相当短的距离。为了有利于增加导管尖端处的挠性，这些针的较粗区段应当最好距固定套12一个较大的距离。
可以使用一操作装置来轴向移动注射针，如图5所示。该操作装置主要包括两个部件54和55，其中，54为静止部件和55为可动部件。可动部件55包括一个可在针筒57中滑动的推力柱塞56并在其上连接注射针的体外端部，该端部通过孔58与药物入口59相连通。可动部件55还包括一个孔60，该孔伸入导管杆内部的导引容积中。推力柱塞56具有螺纹，与滚花螺母62螺纹啮合，滚花螺母62栓住地支承在静止部件54上，并可以转动而移动在针筒57内的推力柱塞，并由此使与其连接的注射针相应地移动。针筒57可以设置刻度65，而推力柱塞56有一根指示线66，用于指示柱塞位移程度，并由此可以精确地控制柱塞位移。针筒57上连接导管杆22，后者可以有一个联结于其中的优质钢丝网52，用于在注射针位移时克服不希望有的纵向伸长和压缩而稳定导管杆22。图中例示的操作装置特别适用于一种具有图4所述的远端结构的导管。
在具有如图3所示的远端结构的导管中，连接在推力柱塞56上的是挠性管24而不是一束注射针，而且将仅提供一个药物入口59，该入口59与挠性管24内部连通。
对于具有如图1或2中所示的远端结构的导管，注射针的体外端部与操作装置50的静止部分相连，该静止部件设有相应的药物入口。操作装置的可动部件55作用在操作金属线17上，以实现在远端的导管尖端11纵向移动。
虽然图中没有示出，但导向金属线用的导向腔可以使其出口不是安置在操作装置上，而是在操作装置前面在导管杆的体外区域中，为此目的该导向腔偏心地配置在注射针束和外杆之间。
其次，导管杆上可以连接一根稳定金属线，该金属丝或者可以模制在导管杆的外壳中，或者，在导管杆是一个多腔杆时可以粘结在腔内。在图8的具有单腔杆的导管的截面图中，作为例子示出导向金属线和稳定金属线用的两个腔，它们模制在该杆的周边壁部分中，而注射针束被安置在杆内，可自由移动。
导管尖端可以用不同材料制成，塑料、金属、陶瓷或玻璃，结构设计最好是不透射伦琴射线的。
其次，可在导管内移动的腔最好在导管内受到密封以防止液体回流，例如利用合适的润滑剂。
为了稳定导管杆，和为了保证注射针从导管尖端平滑伸出，可以使导管杆扭动或注射针束可以在导管杆内沿一根细长的螺旋线配置。由此改进可移动性，特别是与减少摩擦的润滑剂结合使用。
注射导管的功能操作可以通过已提议的方式在导管上安装气囊而得到优化。该气囊在注射期间固定导管。相对于导管尖端在远处以及在近处配置的血管成形术用的气囊也将改善导管的应用性能，特别是，可以帮助在将药物注射到受感染的组织内的同时完成气囊的扩张。

Claims (12)

1.用于将液体或药物注射到空腔器官和体腔内特别是冠状血管和动脉内的导管，包括：一个适合于插入动脉的导管尖端；一个导管杆；多个可移动地安置在导管尖端内的注射针，这些注射针的针尖在缩回位置时位于导管尖端内部而在伸出位置时伸出导管尖端以便注射上述液体或药物；一个安置在导管的体外端部上的操作装置；以及在导管尖端中形成的允许针尖从其中向侧面和向前伸出的开孔；其中，注射针固定在可在导管内纵向移动的管上，该管被设计成可在导管杆内移动，而上述导管杆固定在操作装置的一部分上而注射针固定在其另一部分上，在上述两部分相对移动时，由于导管尖端和注射针之间的相应相对移动，而使一个或几个注射针从缩回位置移至伸出位置，其特征在于，注射针(15；45)通过套上一管而合并为一束针并可以相对导管尖端移动。
2.如权利要求1所述的导管，其特征在于，合并成一束的注射针(15；45)在导管的远端区域之后被插入内径较大的挠性管(24)，并与管(24)一起可在导管杆(14，22)内移动。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的导管，其特征在于，注射针(15；45)在其远端区域内具有减小的壁厚度但相同的流动横截面。
4.如权利要求1至3中之一所述的导管，其特征在于，一个导向金属线(43)在被限定于上述注射针束之内的一个导向腔(60)中受到导向。
5.如权利要求4所述的导管，其特征在于，上述导向腔(60)在上述针束和导管杆之间偏心地延伸，并在操作装置(50)前的一个体外位置上向外敞开。
6.如权利要求1所述的导管，其特征在于，在该导管尖端(11，41)的远端固定有一个导向线(19)。
7.如权利要求1～6中之一或多项所述的导管，其特征在于，成束注射针(15)固定在导管杆内，一根操作金属线(17)延伸通过导管杆内的导向腔(60)，用于使导管尖端(11)缩回到导管杆中和从导管杆中伸出。
8.如权利要求1～7中之一或几项所述的导管，其特征在于，导管尖端(41)包括一束优质钢管，注射针(45)和在必要时一导向金属线(43)延伸过该束钢管的空腔。
9.如权利要求1～8中之所述的导管，其特征在于，该束注射针(15)插入通过导管尖端(31)中的中心孔(32)，并通过与该中心孔相连的导向槽向侧向伸出。
10.如权利要求1～9中之一或几项所述的导管，其特征在于，该导管杆有一个在其中模制的优质钢丝网。
11.如权利要求1～10中之一或几项所述的导管，其特征在于，上述导管杆内或上述多腔束安装一根稳定金属线(67)。
12.如权利要求1～11中之一或几项所述的导管，其特征在于，上述操作装置(50)具有一个推力柱塞(56)，用于移动注射针(15)或上述操作金属线(17)，设有螺纹(61)的上述推力柱塞(56)，为了轴向移动而设有一个滚花螺母(62)，在上述操作装置中设有与单个注射针(15)连通的药物入口(59)。
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