CN1123075A - 使用副载波传播信息的无线电接收机 - Google Patents

使用副载波传播信息的无线电接收机 Download PDF

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CN1123075A
CN1123075A CN94192090A CN94192090A CN1123075A CN 1123075 A CN1123075 A CN 1123075A CN 94192090 A CN94192090 A CN 94192090A CN 94192090 A CN94192090 A CN 94192090A CN 1123075 A CN1123075 A CN 1123075A
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约翰·O·瑞安
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Abstract

一无线电接收机接收FM副载波传送，并将传送的文本信息存储在一RAM中。该信息可以是新闻，天气，体育运动，娱乐或其它感兴趣的信息。一用户接口能通过一组控制数据库层次的菜单从存储有信息的存储器进行选择，以便存取特定的信息项目。一语音合成器接受存取的文本信息项目并将它们转换成口头语言。该用户接口通过声音，或一单个或多位置开关来扫描和选择菜单项目。

Description

使用付载波传播信息 的无线电接收机
本发明涉及传输字母数字信息到专门配合的接收机的无线电广播系统。
许多系统在FM无线电付载波上传输信息。例如可参见1992年9月29日授权于Schwob的美国专利5,152,011。人们还熟悉一种具有FM数据能力，用于传输模拟声音信号的单边带通信系统。可参见1989年7月20日授于Eastmond等的美国专利4,852,086。
人们还熟悉向专配的计算机传输新闻和金融之类的信息的FM无线电边带广播。由Mainstream，Telemet和DeskTop Data等生产的市场买得到的产品在FM无线电边带上广播数据，由装有专门FM无线电接收机和软件的个人电脑接收。典型地，信息按数字方式发射，接收，并存贮在计算机的存储器内，以便由计算机用户用菜单驱动软件进行存取。数据以普通字母数字形式显示在计算机的屏幕上。这种类型的一种产品是News Edge，由麻省Waltham的Desk-Top Data股份有限公司提供的新闻服务，它通过FM无线电边带向用户提供大量的新闻和金融信息服务。该产品配备的软件扫描输入信息，并且当该输入信息符合由用户设置的参数时，该信息被存盘和/或显示在该计算机的屏幕上。
这些系统具有的缺点是需要一个人计算机作为平台。信息仅仅提供在一个计算机的屏幕上。操作这样的系统需要正规的计算机技能，而这必然趋向十分昂贵的价格。
一个通过无线电边带(付载波)接收信息的系统包括一FM付载波调谐器，它从一无线电发射信号中提取加密数据。条件存取电路对存储在一RAM中的数据解密。驱动菜单数据层次的一用户接口(简单的手动或声音控制)使用户通过显示其对菜单的选择来存取信息；之后该系统从数据库提取解密文本形式的信息。一语音合成器将该文本信息转换成一音频信号，通过一扩音器或耳机提供给用户。
该系统可以独立应用，或者是现存无线电接收机的一部分而共享该无线电接收机的元件。一用户控制器的实施例是一个四向开关(four way switch)(例如其位置相应计算机上的光标控制键)用于对菜单进行选择和扫描。该系统典型地包括近四兆位的存储器，足够存储10小时的音频信息。该信息可以是新闻，体育运动，天气，文化信息，广告，或者商业目录表等。该信息按(加密)ASCII文本之类的数字方式进行发射，该ASCII文本容易进行存储和声音合成。
其它的特征是用户控制合成语音的输出速度，以及用于寻找特定FM无线电台付载波的频道跳跃调谐器，在该付载波上提供着服务项目。一任选打印机产生复制输出，语音合成器可自动地或由用户控制产生不同类型的声音。用户还有机会去预选数据库项目，由此构成一个专用轮廓以便提取特定的信息，而不必扫描整个菜单。
图1是表示按本发明的一种设备的方块图。
图1表示按本发明的一实施例的装置。普通的FM无线电天线10(用在车辆或便携式无线电设备等中)将接收到的无线电信号提供到在现有技术中熟知的FM付载波调谐器12以提取FM付载波信号。如人们所知道的，这些付载波信号通常是在由商业FM无线电台租借的付载波上传送数字化的数据。FM付载波调谐器12由线14将提取的数据(通常是加密的)送到条件存取电路16。
如下所述，只有提供了适当的键或命令，条件存取电路16保证数据被解密。条件存取电路16对接收的数据进行解密(微控制器20由线22授权)，并在一实施例中提供普通ASCII文本(或其它字母数字混合文本)至线26上，以存储到普通集成电路随机存取存储器(RAM)28。在一实施例中，RAM 28包括约4兆位存储容量。信息在微控制器(微处理器)20的控制下通过在线24上的控制信号进行存取，以便确定存储在RAM 28中的哪一个特定数据项目通过输出线32被提供到语音合成器30。
在另一些实施例中，接收的数据以加密数据形式或其它方便的形式存储，并且在被转换成语音之前先被转换到语音合成器可使用的形式。在此情况下，每一数据项目可能用未加密的符号“标记”，以便从数据库检索存储的加密数据。
语音合成器30是市场上可买到的类型，例如来源于加利福尼亚，Berkeley的Berkeley语音技术公司。该系统将ASCII文本转换成可理解的和适当调制的音频模拟信号。该音频模拟信号经线34提供到普通音频放大器36，然后提供到扬声器或耳机38由用户收听。
用户接口40将线42上的命令输入到微控制器20，以便确定收听来自RAM 28的哪一个数据项目。
传送的信息在微控制器20的控制下，在RAM 28的常规分级数据库中进行分类，存储和存取。
在一实施例中，用户接口40是一个声音驱动命令系统。例如该装置由用户所说的“接通”命令接通和初始化。然后经扬声器38的口头宣布响应例如“新闻”，“体育”，“娱乐”等可使用的主数据库目录，当所要求的目录被宣布时，用户说“是”响应，然后该装置再宣布所选主目录的子目录，然后用户再次通过说“是”选择所要求的子目录，直到所需的特定节目被存取为止。例如，对于最新的有关通用汽车公司的主目录和子目录路径可以是“新闻...商业...国内...汽车...通用汽车公司”，而对于目前电影Aladdin的评论路径可以是“娱乐...好菜坞...影评...ALADDIN”。一般地用户响应四个或五个“是”之后将获得所需节目。在一实施例中，用户发出三个附加的口头命令例如“返回”“停止”和“向前”就足以提供用户对该系统的有效而快速的控制。
在另一实施例中，一个开关组，例如具有对应计算机上熟悉的光标控制器的四个位置(上、下、左、右)，其中每一个位置表示四个命令中之一，被提供给用户进行手动操作。该开关适于连到一汽车的驾驶盘上，以便由驾驶员使用。该控制装置用导线、红外或紫外线被连到本装置的其他部分，就像普通的电视遥控装置那样。
另一方案使用一位置(One-position)控制开关。用户短促地压下开关，以便选择宣布的目录或节目，或者扫描菜单。当一实际数据项目被读出时，短促压下开关执行“停止”。若再压下它，则执行“向前”指令。在任何时候保持开关在压下位置一或两秒钟，执行“返回”，则返回到该数据的一预定点。
FM付载波调谐器12，微控制器20，条件存取电路16和RAM 28一般在任何时候都保持供电状态(如果需要的话使用电池电源)，以便接收广播数据库的连续的更新，并由此将目前的新闻存储到RAM28中。
在一种方案中，图1装置是便携单元(类似于便携收音机)，并包括用户声音或手动接口。在另一实施例中图1装置被安装在普通便携收音机或汽车收音机中，由此可共享可能的共用元件。
在一实施例中，用户接口40具有一速度控制装置，以确定语音合成器30的输出速度。语音合成器30能够以快于正常说话的速度接收在线32上的信息，众所周知的是，人们能理解高于正常说话速度的谈话。这样用户通过推压接收单元上的按钮或用适当的口头命令来增加该谈话的速度，以便能更快的获得信息，类似于从打印材料提取精华。
在使用声音驱动用户接口40的实施例中，提供的命令数量是受限制的(例如5-10条)，因此一个相对简单的市场上可买到的声音输入识别电路就足够了。
在另一实施例中，用于车载系统的用户接口与一个前导显示器相结合，并期待在不久的将来可装在各种不同的汽车中。它类似于计算机的屏幕提供数据库菜单项目的视频显示，以便可以更快地对数据库菜单进行存取。
有利的是，通过传送和存储文本或字母数字形式(甚至通过加密)的数据，所需传输信道的带宽将大大地减小。如存储器要求的那样，由此在实质上降低了元件的成本。一般的传输速度是一千波特，如像目前在FM付载波传输金融和新闻信息中所使用的那样。这对于在近一小时内下传所需的四兆位数据到RAM 28而言是足够的了。
在使用中，在购买了该单元之后，用户针对提供传输信息的本地台的频率对它进行编程。由于FM无线电波受限制的传输距离，所以在一个地区中可能存在多个这样的台。在一实施例中包括在微控制器20中的频道跳跃特征(现在在不同的收音机中具有的)，寻找具有特定标志或频率的台，以便即使当从载有该服务项目的一台的传输区域移动到载有该服务项目的第二个台的传输区域时保持接收。对于该系统，扫描整个FM波段以寻找该标志传输将花费不到一分钟的时间。
用若干方式完成数据的加密/存取。在一实施例中，传送一个简单寻址的通/断命令(未进行数据加密)，以便禁止属于未交纳所要求的月预订费的人们的独立单元接收该服务项目。
在被认为存在未许可单元的制造和出售问题的更先进的加密系统中，于是使用合适的数据加密，从而要求用解密电路接收一个密匙并解密数据。因此，无此专用解密电路的未经许可的单元是完全不能运行的。
在一加密系统的实施例中，(类似于收费有线TV加密系统)，解密密匙是由无线电发射传送的。在每个独立接收单元的ROM中具有例如40-50个二进制数字的唯一的“隐蔽”密匙。每个单元还具有“公开”的非隐蔽的序号。所有被传输的数据使用周期性改变的主密匙进行常规的加密，以便既能敦促用户支付服务费，又能提高保密性。每个接收单元必须接收一个主密匙方能对传输数据进行解密。
该主密匙以如下方式被发送到每个单元：
数据的发射被周期性地中断，以便发射密匙信息。该密匙信息是一串信息包，每一个独立接收单元对应一个信息包，每个信息包包括(1)一个地址段，它是一特定单元的公开的序号；接着的(2)是一第二段，是用具有那个特定序号的单元的唯一的“隐蔽密匙”加密的目前的主密匙。
接收机寻找这些信息包(它们由一特定标志表示，或者在一特定时间上出现，以避免同数据相混淆)。当一特定单元接收到包括其自己的地址(公开的序号)的信息包时，它存储并解密后续的加密主密匙段，由此得到主密匙，以便解密后续的加密数据。
在一第二加密系统实施例中，每个独立接收机的唯一的加密主密匙实际上周期性地传送到每一个用户(例如每月一次)。该密匙可通过键盘输入每个单元，或者可以包括在插入到接收机一合适部分的电子可读卡或装置中。
在另一实施例中，语音合成器30被控制以提供各种不同的特定声音，这些声音由用户进行选择，即它可以是男人/女人或其他的声音，或者该系统通过微控制器20进行编程，以便选择用于信息的不同类别或目录的不同的声音。
包括在普通收音机中的图1的装置使用收音机的天线10。FM付载波调谐器12附加到普通收音机的调谐器或者成为该收音机调谐器的部分。图1中的其它方块(除放大36和扬声器38之外)是该系统独有的，并且是增加到普通收音机中的元件。
以上说明是解说性的，并且不是一种限制；对本专业技术人员而言，进一步的修改将是显而易见的。

Claims (20)

1、一种接收机系统包括：
一无线电调谐器，用于从一无线电信号中提取数据；
一存储器，用作把提取的数据存储为一数据库；
一用户接口，用于提供描述所述数据库的一组菜单，并接收根据所述多组菜单做出的选择；
一控制器，用于响应接收的选择从数据库中选择数据，并以字母数字形式提供选择的数据；以及
一语音合成器，用于将选择的数据从字母数字形式转换到表示口头语言的模拟信号。
2、如权利要求1的装置，其中所述无线电调谐器从一FM无线电台载波中提取数据。
3、如权利要求1的装置，所述存储器存储整个数据库。
4、如权利要求1的装置，其中，提取的数据被加密，并还包括用于解密所述提取数据的一解密器。
5、如权利要求1的装置，其中所述字母数字形式是ASCII文本。
6、如权利要求1的装置，其中所述用户接口是声音驱动的。
7、如权利要求1的装置，其中该用户接口包括：
一手动输入装置，适合于安装在汽车的驾驶盘上；以及
从所述手动输入装置至控制器的无线连接。
8、如权利要求1的装置，其中所述用户接口包括一控制装置，用于确定语音合成器输出模拟信号的速度。
9、如权利要求2的装置，其中无线电调谐器包括用于将频道跳跃调谐到一特定FM无线电台边带的装置。
10、如权利要求1的装置，其中所述存储器至少存储四兆位的数据。
11、如权利要求1的装置，还包括：
一放大器，连接到所述语音合成器，用于放大所述模拟信号；以及
用于将该放大信号转换为声音的装置。
12、如权利要求4的装置，其中所述解密器由所述无线电调谐器接收的一密匙启动。
13、如权利要求4的装置，其中所述解密器由可运行的连接到所述解密器的一键装置启动。
14、如权利要求1的装置，还包括用于将所述无线电调谐器连接到一无线电接收机装置的装置。
15、如权利要求1的装置，还包括用于制作所选择数据的打印件的装置。
16、如权利要求1的装置，其中所述语音合成器包括用于提供许多声音的装置。
17、如权利要求16的装置，其中用于提供声音的装置包括根据所选数据的目录进行声音选择的装置。
18、如权利要求16的装置，其中用于提供声音的装置包括响应用户控制进行声音选择的装置。
19、如权利要求1的装置，还包括由用户指定数据库数据层次的装置。
20、一种通过无线电信号将数据发射到一接收机的方法，包括：
播送无线电信号；
从所述的无线电信号中提取数据；
提供一存储器；
将所述提取的数据存储到所述存储器，作为一数据库；
提供一组描述所述数据库的菜单；
从多组菜单中选择项目；
响应所选项目，提供所存储的数据的部分，该部分是字母数字形式的；以及
将所提供的部分从字母数字形式转换到代表口头语言的模拟信号。
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DE69422613T3 (de) 2007-08-30
DE69422613T2 (de) 2000-06-29
WO1994022243A1 (en) 1994-09-29
NZ263332A (en) 1996-08-27
EP0689742B1 (en) 2000-01-12
DE69422613D1 (de) 2000-02-17
BR9401142A (pt) 1994-10-18
KR100322506B1 (ko) 2002-06-20
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US5406626A (en) 1995-04-11
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