CN1096185C - Interlaced-to-progressive conversion apparatus and method using motion and spatial correlation - Google Patents
Interlaced-to-progressive conversion apparatus and method using motion and spatial correlation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An interlaced-to-progressive conversion device includes a spatial interpolator for spatially interpolating an input interlaced image signal and outputting a spatially interpolated signal; a temporal interpolator for temporally interpolating the input interlaced image signal and outputting a temporally interpolated signal; a correlator for detecting a motion correlation, a vertical correlation, and a temporal-vertical correlation by using a predetermined number of sample data in a current field, a previous field and a next field; and a selector for comparing the motion correlation, the vertical correlation, and the temporal-vertical correlation with respective predetermined constants and selecting between one of the spatially interpolated signal and the temporally interpolated signal according to the results of the comparisons. The interlaced-to-progressive conversion device enhances the reliability of information of the motion and efficiently reduces an artifact by temporally or spatially interpolating an interlaced image signal using motion and spatial correlations.
Description
The present invention relates to use the interlacing of motion and space correlation to changing (interlaced-to-progressive conversion) apparatus and method line by line.Particularly, the present invention relates to by space or time ground interpolation interlaced image signal be converted to the apparatus and method of progressive video signal according to motion and space correlation.
Usually, interlacing has been widely used in many artifacts (artifacts) that minimizing causes because of interlacing scan to changing (IPC) device line by line, that is, glimmering such as the vertical resolution deterioration in the systems such as NTSC, PAL, SECAM, scan line flicker and wide territory.
Recently, because high definition TV (HDTV) system adopted for the multiple standards of signal format and often need change between the standard input/output signal of different-format, therefore, interlacing has become more important to conversion equipment line by line.
In early days the stage development interlacing of getting up to transfer algorithm line by line for using such as systems such as NTSC, PAL, SECAM.The various algorithms that proposed are excluded the interpolation of the row beyond interlacing scan usually based on playback.
The list of references [1] that " is used for reducing the comparison of the interpolater of the medium filtering of flicker and vertical edge control " by D.I.C.Hentschei being entitled as of delivering at No. 3 279-289 page or leaf of IEEE journal consumer electronics (consumer electronics) the 35th volume in August, 1989 disclose these artifacts of minimizing that proposed algorithm, repeat with the interpolating method of vertical filtering with based on the method for vertical edge information according to simple row.
Go up the interpolating method that discloses in the list of references of delivering by D.Bagni, R.Lancini, S.Landi and S.Tubaro [2] that is entitled as " the HD-TV space-time is to up conversion " according to edge direction at 1994 " HDTV international symposium proceedings ".
Non-linear high speed interpolation method based on weighted median filter is disclosed in the list of references [3] that " uses the scan rate conversion of weighted median filtering " in being entitled as of delivering by J.Juhola, A.Nieminen, J.Salo and Y.Neuvo of IEEE ISCAS-89 proceedings 433-436 page or leaf of in May, 1989 U.S. Portland.
Algorithm based on FIR intermediate value compound filter is disclosed in the list of references [4] that is entitled as " non-linear quincunx interpolation filtering " delivered by A.Lehtonen and M.Renfors of " SPIE face-to-face communication and image processing proceedings " 132-135 page or leaf of Switzerland Lausanne in October nineteen ninety.
Go up the algorithm that discloses in the list of references of delivering by H.Blume, L.Schwoerer and K.Zygis [5] that is entitled as " based on the subband that uses complementary median filter " based on complementary median filter to up conversion at 1994 " HDTV international symposium proceedings ".
Be located at the L.Chiariglione Ed. of North Holland, Elsevier Science Press discloses in the list of references [6] that is entitled as " interlacing that EDTV uses is to conversion line by line " of T.Doyle that " HDTV signal processing " 421-430 page or leaf in 1988 is delivered based on the algorithm according to the medium filtering of direction.
The list of references of delivering by P.Frenchen at No. 3 237-240 page or leaf of IEEE journal consumer electronics in 1986 the 32nd volume [7] that is entitled as " two integrated progressive conversion devices "; Algorithm based on vertical-time median filter is disclosed with the list of references [8] that is entitled as " television image medium filtering " that " IEEE technical papers digest " 186-187 page or leaf of 1986 is delivered by T.Doyle and P.Frencken.
In addition, the list of references of delivering by people such as N.Suzuki at No. 3 266-271 page or leaf of IEEE journal consumer electronics the 33rd volume in August, 1989 [9] that is entitled as " the improvement resultant motion signal that in the IDTV receiver, is used for improving the Motion Adaptive pre-scan converted "; By the list of references [10] that is entitled as " having the Motion Adaptive pre-scan converted device that two-dimensional silhouette strengthens " that C.P.Markhauser delivers the Motion Adaptive scheme is disclosed with No. 2 110-114 page or leaf of IEEE journal consumer electronics the 36th volume in May nineteen ninety.
Above interlacing can roughly be divided into the three-dimensional interpolating method of spatial interpolation method, temporal interpolation method and spatial interpolation and temporal interpolation combination to conversion method line by line.
In three-dimensional interpolating method because wrong temporal interpolation can cause the deterioration in image quality such as artifact is torn (tearing-artifact), the motion in the detected image and according to the motion that is detected suitably the time of implementation interpolation be very important.This is owing to owing to time sampling speed in the actual image signal causes the limited fact of maximum time frequency that can determine in theory less than Nyquist (Nyquist) speed.
Yet, just as proposed by the present invention: the reliability that can increase movable information by the spatial information that uses sampling with movable information.
An object of the present invention is a kind of interlacing to conversion equipment line by line, be used for converting interlaced image signal to progressive video signal by carrying out spatial interpolation or temporal interpolation according to motion and space correlation.
Another object of the present invention is a kind of three-dimensional interlacing to conversion method line by line, is used for according to motion and space correlation selection and one of output region interpolation or temporally interpolated picture signal.
For achieving the above object, provide a kind of be used for will input the interlaced image signal interlacing that converts progressive video signal to conversion equipment line by line, comprising: the spatial interpolation device is used for interlaced image signal and output region interpolated signal that spatial interpolation is imported; The temporal interpolation device is used for interlaced image signal and output time interpolated signal that temporal interpolation is imported; Relevant apparatus is used for interlaced image signal and relevant, vertical relevant be correlated with vertical with the time of output movement imported by using the sampled data of working as front court, previous field and next predetermined quantity to import; And choice device, be used for relevant, the vertical relevant vertical relevant and corresponding predetermined constant with the time of motion is compared, and between spatial interpolation signal and temporal interpolation signal, select one according to comparative result.
For realizing above-mentioned another purpose, provide a kind of be used for will input the interlaced image signal interlacing that converts progressive video signal to conversion method line by line, comprise step: (a) interlaced image signal and the output region interpolated signal imported of spatial interpolation; (b) interlaced image signal and the output time interpolated signal imported of temporal interpolation; (c) it is relevant, vertical relevant vertical with the time relevant to detect motion from the interlaced image signal of being imported; (d) if the motion correlation that is detected greater than first predetermined constant, by selecting the spatial interpolation signal; (e) if the motion correlation is not more than first predetermined constant and the vertical correlation that detected greater than second predetermined constant, select time interpolated signal then; (f) if the motion correlation is not more than that first predetermined constant and vertical correlation are not more than second predetermined constant and the vertical correlation of time that detected greater than the 3rd predetermined constant, then select the spatial interpolation signal; If (g) the motion correlation is not more than that first predetermined constant is not more than second predetermined constant with vertical correlation and vertical correlation of time is not more than the 3rd predetermined constant, by the select time interpolated signal.
Can make above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and advantage become more obvious by being described in detail with reference to the attached drawings its preferred embodiment.Wherein:
Fig. 1 be according to the present invention interlacing to the block diagram of an embodiment of conversion equipment line by line;
Fig. 2 is the more detailed block diagram of space correlator shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 explanation is used to switch the geometrical relationship of the sampling of space or temporal interpolation signal; With
Fig. 4 describes space correlator in the selector shown in Figure 1 is used to switch the method for space or temporal interpolation signal according to output signal flow chart.
Below, the interlacing of using motion and space correlation is described with reference to the drawings to conversion equipment and method and preferred embodiment thereof line by line.
Fig. 1 be according to the present invention interlacing to the block diagram of an embodiment of conversion equipment line by line.
This interlacing comprises a spatial interpolator 110, temporal interpolation device 120, correlator 130, a selector 140 to conversion equipment line by line.
The interlaced image signal Vin that spatial interpolator 110 uses pre-defined algorithm to come spatial interpolation to import.
The operation of this device shown in Figure 1 is described now.
Among Fig. 1, interlaced image signal Vin is applied to spatial interpolator 110, temporal interpolation device 120 and correlator 130.
Simultaneously, owing to the present invention relates to switch the progressive video signal (hereinafter being referred to as " spatial interpolation signal ") and the temporally interpolated progressive video signal (hereinafter being referred to as " temporal interpolation signal ") of spatial interpolation and export selected signal, therefore have nothing to do with in spatial interpolator 110 and temporal interpolation device 120, using any spatial interpolation algorithm and temporal interpolation algorithm respectively according to movable information and spatial information.
Correlator 130 is imported interpolated signal Vin and is detected the relevant DM of motion, the vertical DT of being correlated with the time of the relevant DV of vertical direction from interlaced image signal Vin.After this, correlator 130 output signal DM, DV and DT.
Fig. 2 is the more detailed block diagram of correlator shown in Figure 1.
Sampling delayer 201,203,204 and 206, row delayer 202 and 205 constitute the first sampling detector, and detect sampling w1 to w5.Field memory 210, sampling delayer 211 and 213, row delayer 212 constitute the second sampling detector, and detect sampling x1 and x2.In addition, field memory 220, sampling delayer 221,223,224 and 226, row delayer 222 and 225 constitute the 3rd sampling detector, and detect sampling v1 to v5.
Geometrical relationship shown in Fig. 3 key diagram 2 between the sampling.
Among Fig. 3, sampling " x " expression will be by the sampling of interpolation (being called as " current interpolation sampling ") recovery.The sampling that has the par position in sampling " x1 " the expression previous row with current interpolation sampling.In addition, the sampling that has the par position in sampling " x2 " the expression next line with current interpolation sampling.
The sampling that has same position with current interpolation sampling in sampling " v3 " the expression previous field.Sampling " v2 " and " v4 " is the previous and back sampling of sampling v3.In addition, and sampling " v1,, represent to have with sampling v3 in the previous row sampling of par position.The sampling that has the par position in sampling " v5 " the expression next line with sampling v3.
Equally, the sampling that has same position with current interpolation sampling is represented in next in sampling " w3 ".Sampling " w2 " and " w4 " is the previous and back sampling of sampling w3.In addition, the sampling that has the par position in sampling " w1 " the expression previous row with sampling w3.The sampling that has the par position in sampling " w5 " the expression next line with sampling w3.
Equally, be odd field if work as the front court, because this input signal is the interlace signal of input, previous field and next then are even fields.In addition, be even field if work as the front court, previous field and next then are odd fields.
With reference now to Fig. 3, the operation of device shown in Figure 2 is described.
In Fig. 2, interlaced image signal Vin is imported into field memory 210, sampling delayer 201 and row delayer 202.
Also export the picture signal that is delayed a field duration for one of the picture signal Vin that field memory 210 storages are imported.Field memory 220 is from the picture signal of these delays of field memory 210 input, store of picture signal of this delay, and output compared the picture signal that is delayed two field duration with the original input signal Vin that is imported. Field memory 210 and 220 is made of first-in first-out (FIFO) memory.
Simultaneously, sampling delayer 211 further will be from 1 sampling period of the signal delay that is delayed 1 field duration of field memory 210, and output sampling x2.Row delayer 212 is with 1 horizontal line cycle of signal delay of field memory 210 outputs.Sampling delayer 213 will be gone 1 sampling period of signal delay of delayer 212 outputs, and export sampled signal x1.
The relevant DM of motion is used for estimating whether the adjacent of the position of the sampling that will be recovered by interpolation produces the measurement result (x of Fig. 3 is the geometry mid points of x1 and x2) of motion.
Subtracter 241 deducts the sampled data x2 by 211 outputs of sampling delayer from the sampled data x1 by 213 outputs of sampling delayer, and the result is subtracted each other in output.After this, absolute value circuit 242 calculates and subtracts each other result's absolute value and export this absolute value as vertical relevant DV.
Therefore, the vertical relevant DV of available formula (2) expression.
DV＝|x1-x2| …(2)
Adder 251 is added to sampled data w3 with sampled data v3.Adder 252 is added to sampled data x2 with sampled data x1.
Subtracter 253 deducts the signal by adder 252 outputs from the signal by adder 251 outputs, and the result is subtracted each other in output.After this, absolute value circuit 254 calculates and subtracts each other result's absolute value and export this absolute value as vertically relevant DT of time.
Therefore, the vertically relevant DT of available formula (3) express time.
DT＝|(v3+w3)-(x1+x2)| …(3)
The relevant DM of motion of motion correlator 230 outputs, the vertical relevant DT with the time of absolute value circuit 254 outputs of vertical relevant DV of absolute value circuit 242 outputs are input to selector shown in Figure 1 140.
The operation of selector 140 is described with reference to flow process shown in Figure 4.
Among Fig. 4, selector 140 will move relevant DM and constant TM comparison (step S101).If the relevant DM of motion produces constant of the motion TM greater than showing, selector 140 selections and output are from the spatial interpolation signal (step S102) of spatial interpolator 110.
If the relevant DM of motion is not more than constant of motion TM in step S101, selector 140 will vertically be correlated with DV and constant T1 comparison (step S103).If vertically relevant DV is greater than constant T1, selector 140 selections and output are from the temporal interpolation signal It (step S104) of temporal interpolation device 120.
At this, the DV that when the relevant DM of motion is not more than constant TM, will vertically be correlated with reason that constant T1 compares be because can by the artifact of the temporal interpolation generation of mistake by the size of the vertical DV of being correlated with visually impression different.As vertical relevant DV during,, visually be not easy to perceive the artifact that the temporal interpolation because of mistake produces because picture signal is relevant littler in vertical direction greater than constant T1.Therefore, when DM is not more than TM and DV greater than T1, by selector 140 select and output from the signal It (step S104) of temporal interpolation device 120.
Yet, when DM less than TM and DV during less than T1, the artifact that the easier temporal interpolation of visually awaring because of mistake produces.Therefore, selector 140 according to show that vertically relevant DT of time relevant between temporal interpolation and the vertical interpolation selects and output from the signal Is of spatial interpolator 110 or from the signal It of temporal interpolation device 120.
That is, when the relevant DM of motion was not more than constant TM and vertically relevant DV and is not more than constant T1, selector 140 compared (step S105) with vertically relevant DT of time with constant T2.If vertically relevant DT of time is greater than constant T2, because relevant less between temporal interpolation and the vertical interpolation, signal Is from spatial interpolator 110 is selected and exported to selector 140, so that reduce the influence (step S106) of artifact.Simultaneously, if vertically relevant DT of time is not more than constant T2, because being correlated with between temporal interpolation and the vertical interpolation is bigger, selector 140 selections and output are from the output signal It (step S107) of temporal interpolation device 120.
As mentioned above, interlacing according to the present invention is used motion and space correlation interpolation interlaced image signal to conversion equipment and method line by line with coming time or space, and strengthens the reliability of relevant movable information and reduce artifact effectively.
Claims (14)
1, a kind of be used for will input the interlaced image signal interlacing that converts progressive video signal to conversion equipment line by line, comprising:
The spatial interpolation device is used for interlaced image signal and output region interpolated signal that spatial interpolation is imported;
The temporal interpolation device is used for interlaced image signal and output time interpolated signal that temporal interpolation is imported;
Relevant apparatus is used for interlaced image signal and relevant, vertical relevant be correlated with vertical with the time of output movement imported by using the sampled data of working as front court, previous field and next predetermined quantity to import; With
Choice device is used for relevant, the vertical relevant vertical relevant and corresponding predetermined constant with the time of motion relatively, and selects one according to comparative result between spatial interpolation signal and temporal interpolation signal.
2, interlacing according to claim 1 is to conversion equipment line by line, and wherein said space relevant apparatus comprises:
First checkout gear, the motion that is used to detect between the first sampling group and the second sampling group is relevant, this first sampling group is comprising locational first sampling identical with current interpolation sampling, sampling after the sampling before first sampling and first sampling and in previous row and back delegation with first sampling in the previous field of the locational sampling of par, this second sampling group is comprising locational second sampling identical with the sampling of current interpolation, second the sampling before sampling and second the sampling after sampling and previous row and the back delegation in second the sampling the locational sampling of par next in;
Second checkout gear is used for coming detection of vertical relevant by calculating with the difference of current interpolation sampling between the sampling of locational previous row of working as the front court of par and next line; With
The 3rd checkout gear, be used for by calculate first sampling and second sampling and with par locational when the front court previous row and the sampling of next line and between difference come detection time vertical relevant.
3, interlacing according to claim 2 is to conversion equipment line by line, and wherein said second checkout gear comprises:
First subtracter is used for deducting the sampling of par position in the current delegation after the match and exporting first and subtract each other the result from the sampling when the previous row par position, front court; With
First absolute value circuit is used for determining that first subtracts each other result's absolute value.
4, interlacing according to claim 2 is to conversion equipment line by line, and wherein said the 3rd checkout gear comprises:
First adder is used for first sampling is added to second sampling;
Second adder is used for when the previous row and the locational sampling addition of next line par of front court;
Second subtracter is used for deducting the output of described second adder and exporting second and subtract each other the result from the output of described first adder; With
Second absolute value circuit is used for definite second absolute value and the output time that subtracts each other the result and vertically is correlated with.
5, interlacing according to claim 2 further comprises to conversion equipment line by line:
First sampling detecting device is used to detect the first sampling group;
Second sampling detecting device is used for detecting with current interpolation sampling locational when the previous row of front court and the sampling of next line at par; With
The 3rd sampling detecting device is used to detect the second sampling group.
6, interlacing according to claim 5 is to conversion equipment line by line, and wherein said first sampling detecting device comprises:
The first sampling delayer is used to import interlaced image signal also with sampling period of this signal delay;
The first row delayer is used to import interlaced image signal also with horizontal line cycle of this signal delay;
The second sampling delayer, be used to import the described first row delayer output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay;
The 3rd sampling delayer, be used to import the described second sampling delayer output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay;
The second row delayer is used to import the output of the described first row delayer and with this horizontal line cycle of this signal delay; With
The 4th sampling delayer, be used to import the described second row delayer output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay.
7, interlacing according to claim 5 is to conversion equipment line by line, and wherein said second sampling detecting device comprises:
First field memory is used to import interlaced image signal also with field duration of this signal delay;
The 5th sampling delayer, be used to import described first field memory output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay;
The third line delayer is used to import the output of described first field memory and with this horizontal line cycle of this signal delay; With
The 6th sampling delayer, be used to import described the third line delayer output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay.
8, interlacing according to claim 5 is to conversion equipment line by line, and wherein said the 3rd sampling detecting device comprises:
Second field memory, be used to import described first field memory output and should the field duration with one of this signal delay;
The 7th sampling delayer, be used to import described second field memory output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay;
The fourth line delayer is used to import the output of described second field memory and with this horizontal line cycle of this signal delay;
The 8th sampling delayer, be used to import described fourth line delayer output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay;
The 9th sampling delayer, be used to import described the 8th sampling delayer output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay;
The fifth line delayer is used to import the output of described fourth line delayer and with this horizontal line cycle of this signal delay; With
The tenth sampling delayer, be used to import described fifth line delayer output and should the sampling period with one of this signal delay.
9, interlacing according to claim 1 is to conversion equipment line by line, if wherein the motion correlation is greater than one first predetermined constant, described choice device is selected and the output region interpolated signal.
10, interlacing according to claim 1 is to conversion equipment line by line, if wherein the motion correlation be not more than this first predetermined constant and vertical correlation greater than one second predetermined constant, described choice device is then selected and the output time interpolated signal.
11, interlacing according to claim 1 is to conversion equipment line by line, if wherein the motion correlation is not more than this first predetermined constant and is not more than this second predetermined constant with vertical correlation, and vertical correlation of the time of being detected is greater than one the 3rd predetermined constant, and described choice device is then selected and the output region interpolated signal.
12, interlacing according to claim 1 is to conversion equipment line by line, if wherein the motion correlation is not more than that this first predetermined constant is not more than this second predetermined constant with vertical correlation and vertical correlation of time is not more than the 3rd predetermined constant, described choice device is then selected and the output time interpolated signal.
13, a kind of be used for will input the interlaced image signal interlacing that converts progressive video signal to conversion method line by line, may further comprise the steps:
(a) interlaced image signal and the output region interpolated signal imported of spatial interpolation;
(b) interlaced image signal and the output time interpolated signal imported of temporal interpolation;
(c) it is relevant, vertical relevant vertical with the time relevant to detect motion from the interlaced image signal of being imported;
(d) if the motion correlation that is detected greater than one first predetermined constant, is then selected the spatial interpolation signal;
(e) if the motion correlation is not more than this first predetermined constant and the vertical correlation that detected greater than one second predetermined constant, select time interpolated signal then;
(f) if the motion correlation is not more than that this first predetermined constant is not more than this second predetermined constant with vertical correlation and the vertical correlation of time that detected greater than one the 3rd predetermined constant, select time interpolated signal then; With
(g) this first predetermined constant is not more than this second predetermined constant with vertical correlation and vertical correlation of time is not more than the 3rd predetermined constant if the motion correlation is not more than, then the select time interpolated signal.
14, interlacing according to claim 13 is to conversion method line by line, and wherein said step (c) comprises step:
(c1) it is relevant with motion between the second sampling group to detect the first sampling group, this first sampling group is comprising locational first sampling identical with current interpolation sampling, sampling before this first sampling and the sampling after this first sampling and in previous row and back delegation with the previous field of the first sampling par locational sampling in, this second sampling group is comprising that identical with current interpolation sampling locational second takes a sample, second the sampling before sampling and second the sampling after sampling and previous row and the back delegation in second the sampling the locational sampling of par next in;
(c2) work as the previous row of front court and the difference between the sampling in the next line comes detection of vertical relevant by calculating in that par is locational with current interpolation sampling;
(c3) by calculate first sampling and second sampling and with par locational when the front court previous row and the sampling in the next line and between difference come detection time vertical relevant.
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| JPH0435485A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-02-06 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd <Kdd> | Motion adaptive interlace-non-interlace converting system |
| US5386237A (en) * | 1992-11-23 | 1995-01-31 | Thomson Consumer Electronics S.A. | Method and apparatus for adaptive progressive scan conversion |
| US5412436A (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1995-05-02 | Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. | Motion adaptive video processing system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1173776A (en) | 1998-02-18 |
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