CN105228748B - 用于操纵可变形流体容器的系统、方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于操纵可变形流体容器的系统、方法和设备 Download PDF

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CN105228748B
CN105228748B CN201480027615.1A CN201480027615A CN105228748B CN 105228748 B CN105228748 B CN 105228748B CN 201480027615 A CN201480027615 A CN 201480027615A CN 105228748 B CN105228748 B CN 105228748B
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CN105228748A (zh
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D.W.赖特
D.艾洛
R.克拉克
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Genmark Diagnostics Inc
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Abstract

用于处理流体模块的设备，流体模块包括支撑在平面基底上的伸缩式容器，所述设备包括：第一致动器部件，所述第一致动器部件构造成在大体平行于基底平面的第一方向上可移动；第二致动器部件，所述第二致动器部件构造成在具有与基底平面正交的分量的第二方向上可移动；和运动转换机构，所述运动转换机构将第一致动器部件与第二致动器部件联接，并且构造成将第一致动器部件在第一方向上的移动转换成为第二致动器部件在第二方向上的移动。流体容器包括第一容器、连接到或者可连接到第一容器的第二容器以及阻止来自第二容器的流体流的密封隔板。容器还包括球形开口元件，所述球形开口元件最初通过所述密封隔板支撑在第二容器中，并且构造成与密封隔板接触以打开密封隔板并且允许来自第二容器的流体流。构造用于从流体容器转移流体的设备包括第一和第二致动器，该第一和第二致动器构造成一起可移动直至第一致动器压缩流体容器的第一部分，然后独立地可移动直至第二致动器压缩流体容器的第二部分。流体容器包括第一容器、第二容器和阻止来自第二容器的流体流的密封隔板，并且还包括用于刺穿密封隔板以允许来自第二容器的流体流的刺穿装置。流体容器包括构造成皱缩以从容器转移流体的容器、包围容器至少一部分的壳体以及浮动压缩板，所述浮动压缩板可移动地布置在壳体中，且构造成允许外部致动器按压容器以使容器皱缩且从容器移置流体内容物。

Description

用于操纵可变形流体容器的系统、方法和设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请依据35 U.S.C.§119(e)要求在2013年3月15日提交的临时专利申请序号61/798091的提交日的权益，该申请的公开内容通过引用合并入本文。
技术领域
本发明的方面涉及用于选择性地打开可变形流体容器的系统、方法和设备。本发明一个方面涉及产生挤压力，用于压缩可变形流体容器以从容器将流体转移到低轮廓仪器。本发明的其它方面涉及以减小从容器转移流体需要的挤压力的量的方式打开可变形流体容器。本发明的其它方面涉及如下设备，该设备用于保护可变形流体容器以免受不慎暴露于外力的影响，并且用于与容器接口以允许有意地施加外部挤压力，而不移除容器保护特征部。
背景技术
本发明涉及用于操纵可变形流体容器的系统、方法和设备。具有这种可变形流体容器的示例性装置在图1A和图1B中示出。液体试剂模块10 包括附接有多个可变形流体容器或者凸泡的基底12。诸如液体试剂模块10 的装置经常称为药筒或者插件(cartridgesor cards)。在一实施方式中，液体试剂模块10包括输入口16，该输入口16可以包括单向阀，用于将样品流体分配到模块10中。流道18传送来自输入口16的流体。样品出口14 从模块10排放过多的压力。标记面板20可以设置用于识别标记，诸如条型码或者其它人和/或机器可读信息。
液体试剂模块10另外包括多个可变形(伸缩式)容器(凸泡)，在所示的实施方式中，包括洗脱试剂凸泡22、洗涤缓冲剂凸泡24、水凸泡26、裂解试剂凸泡28、空气凸泡30、粘合剂凸泡32和油凸泡34。要指出的是，所示的凸泡的数目和类型仅是示例性的。每个凸泡可以通过形成在基底12中或上的一个或者更多个流道与一个或者更多个其它凸泡和/或凸泡流道18互连。
液体试剂模块10可以通过选择性地压缩一个或多个凸泡以完全地或者部分地使凸泡皱缩而从凸泡转移流体来处理。适于处理液体试剂模块10的仪器或者带有可变形流体容器的其它装置包括被构造和布置成对凸泡(多个凸泡)施加皱缩压力的机械致动器，例如典型地是气动或者机电式致动的。典型地，这种致动器横向于模块10的平面布置和移动—例如，如果模块10在仪器中水平地定向，则致动器可以垂直地设置在模块10以上和/或以下，并且将被致动以在大体垂直于模块平面的方向上垂直地移动。液体试剂模块10可以在其中模块10置于狭槽中或用于处理的其它低轮廓腔室中的仪器中而被处理。在这种狭槽中或者低轮廓腔室中，提供垂直地定向在模块以上和/或以下和/或沿垂直方向移动的致动器或者其它装置可能是不实际的。用于实施这种致动器的移动的气动和/或机电装置需要在模块基底以上和/或以下的空间，而在槽型或者其它低轮廓仪器中，可能无法实现该空间。
因此，存在对于用于在仪器的低轮廓部件空间中实施致动器移动使容器皱缩的方法、系统和/或设备的需要。
发明内容
本发明的方面实施为处理流体模块的设备，该流体模块包括伸缩式容器，所述伸缩式容器通过施加将容器压靠于基底的力而支撑在平面基底上。设备包括构造成在大体平行于基底平面的第一方向上可移动的第一致动器部件、构造成在具有大体垂直于基底平面的分量的第二方向上可移动的第二致动器部件，以及将第一致动器部件与第二致动器部件联接并且构造和布置成将第一致动器部件在第一方向上的移动转换成为第二致动器部件在第二方向上的移动的运动转换机构。
根据本发明的另外方面，第一致动器部件包括构造成在第一方向上可移动并且包括凸轮随动器元件的致动器板，第二致动器部件包括构造成在第二方向上可移动的台板，并且运动转换机构包括具有凸轮面的凸轮主体。凸轮主体联接到台板，并且构造为使得随着致动器板在第一方向上移动，致动器板的凸轮随动器元件接合凸轮主体的凸轮面，由此导致凸轮主体的移动，从而导致台板在第二方向上的移动。
根据本发明的另外方面，致动器板的凸轮随动器元件包括构造成绕平行于致动器板并且与第一方向正交的旋转轴线旋转的辊子，运动转换机构还包括机壳，并且凸轮主体的一部分铰接到机壳，而另一部分铰接到台板。
根据本发明的另外方面，凸轮主体的凸轮面包括初始平坦部分和凸状弯曲部分，并且辊子从初始平坦部分到凸状弯曲部分的移动导致凸轮主体的移动，凸轮主体的移动导致台板在第二方向上的移动。
根据本发明的另外方面，第一致动器部件包括构造成在第一方向上可移动的凸轮导轨，第二致动器部件包括构造成在第二方向上可移动的台板，并且运动转换机构包括凸轮面和将凸轮导轨联接到台板的凸轮随动器，并且构造成将凸轮导轨在第一方向上的运动转换成为台板在第二方向上的移动。
根据本发明的另外方面，凸轮面包括形成在凸轮导轨中的凸轮轮廓狭槽，并且凸轮随动器包括将台板联接到凸轮轮廓狭槽的跟随器元件，使得凸轮导轨在第一方向上的移动导致凸轮随动器在凸轮轮廓狭槽中的移动，凸轮随动器在凸轮轮廓狭槽中的移动导致台板在第二方向上的移动。
本发明的另外方面实施为用于从流体容器转移流体的设备。流体容器包括第一容器和连接到或者可连接到第一容器的第二容器，并且包括阻止来自第二容器的流体流的密封隔板，并且流体容器还包括开口装置，该开口装置构造成与密封隔板接触以打开密封隔板并且允许来自第二容器的流体流。设备包括：第一致动器，其构造成相对于第一容器可移动以压缩第一容器并且转移第一容器中的流体内容物；和第二致动器，其相对于开口装置可移动，并且构造成接触开口装置且使开口装置打开密封隔板，所述第二致动器可释放地联接到第一致动器，以便第二致动器随同第一致动器移动，直至第二致动器接触开口装置并且使开口装置打开密封隔板，之后第二致动器被从第一致动器释放，第一致动器独立于第二致动器移动以从第一容器转移流体。
本发明的另外方面实施为流体容器，该流体容器包括第一容器、连接到或者可连接到第一容器的第二容器、阻止来自第二容器的流体流的密封隔板，以及球形开口元件，所述球形开口元件最初由密封隔板支撑在第二容器中，且构造成与密封隔板接触以打开密封隔板并且允许来自第二容器的流体流。
本发明的另外方面实施为流体容器，该流体容器包括第一容器、连接到或者可连接到第一容器的第二容器、阻止来自第二容器的流体流的密封隔板，以及悬臂式撞杆，所述悬臂式撞杆具有穿刺头并且布置成使穿刺头邻近密封隔板，并且构造成偏转直至穿刺头刺穿密封隔板以允许来自第二容器的流体流穿过刺穿的密封隔板。
本发明的另外方面实施为一种流体容器，该流体容器包括第一容器、连接到或者可连接到第一容器的第二容器、阻止来自第二容器的流体流的密封隔板，以及悬臂式撞杆，所述悬臂式撞杆具有穿刺头并且在与穿刺头相反的端部处被固定，所述悬臂式撞杆布置成使穿刺头邻近密封隔板，并且构造成偏转直至穿刺头刺穿密封隔板以允许来自第二容器的流体流穿过刺穿的密封隔板。
根据本发明的另外方面，流体容器还包括支撑第一和第二容器的基底，所述基底包括邻近密封隔板形成于其中的腔室，其中悬臂式撞杆的端部固定到基底，并且撞杆的穿刺头布置在腔室中。
本发明的另外方面实施为一种流体容器，该流体容器包括第一容器、连接到或者可连接到第一容器的第二容器、阻止来自第二容器的流体流的密封隔板，以及撞销，所述撞销具有穿刺头并且布置成使穿刺头邻近密封隔板，并且构造成相对于密封隔板移动直至穿刺头刺穿密封隔板以允许来自第二容器的流体流穿过刺穿的密封隔板。
根据本发明的另外方面，撞销具有从中穿过形成的流体端口，以允许流体在穿刺头刺穿密封隔板之后流过撞销。
根据本发明的另外方面，流体容器还包括支撑第一和第二容器的基底，所述基底包括邻近密封隔板形成于其中的腔室，撞销布置在腔室中。
根据本发明的另外方面，撞销布置在其中的腔室包括在腔室中限定硬止挡的分段孔道，并且撞销包括突肩，在穿刺头刺穿密封隔板之后，该突肩接触硬止挡以阻止撞销的进一步移动。
根据本发明的另外方面，流体容器还包括在第一与第二容器之间延伸的流道。
根据本发明的另外方面，流体容器还包括在流道中的密封件，该密封件构造成在对密封件施加足够力时可破碎，由此经由流道连接第一和第二容器。
本发明的另外方面实施为如下流体容器，该流体容器包括：第一容器；布置在第一容器中的第二容器；支撑第一和第二容器的基底，所述基底中具有邻近第二容器形成在其中的空腔；固定销钉，其形成在空腔中；和流体出口孔，其从空腔延伸，其中第一和第二容器构造为使得施加到第一容器的外压力将使第二容器皱缩并且使第二容器接触固定销钉并被固定销钉刺穿，由此允许流体从第一容器流过刺穿的第二容器、空腔和流体出口孔。
本发明的另外方面以如下流体容器实施，该流体容器包括：伸缩式容器，其构造成在施加足够外压力时皱缩以从容器转移流体；壳体，其包围伸缩式容器的至少一部分；和浮动压缩板，其可移动地布置在壳体中。壳体包括开口，所述开口构造成允许外部致动器接触壳体中的浮动压缩板并且将压缩板按压到伸缩式容器中，以使容器皱缩并且从容器转移流体内容物。
参考附图并考虑到如下说明和所附权利要求，本发明的其它特征和特性以及操作方法、结构相关元件的功能以及部件的结合和制造经济性将变得更加明显，所有附图形成本说明书的一部分，其中同样的附图标记标示各图中的对应部分。
附图说明
并入本文并形成本说明书的一部分的附图例示了本发明的各种非限制性实施例。在附图中，共同的附图标记指示相同的或者在功能上类似的元件。
图1A是液体试剂模块的顶部平面图。
图1B是液体试剂模块的侧视图。
图2是体现本发明方面的凸泡压缩致动机构的透视图。
图3A是处于初始未致动状态的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面透视图。
图3B是处于初始未致动状态的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面侧视图。
图4A是在台板即将被致动时的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面透视图。
图4B是在台板即将被致动时的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面侧视图。
图5A是台板处于完全致动状态时的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面透视图。
图5B是台板处于完全致动状态时的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面侧视图。
图6A是台板返回到未致动状态时的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面透视图。
图6B是台板返回到未致动状态时的铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件的局部横截面侧视图。
图7A是处于未致动状态的凸泡压缩致动机构的可选实施例的透视图。
图7B是处于完全致动状态的图7A 的凸泡压缩致动机构的透视图。
图8A是构造成便于打开容器的伸缩式流体容器的局部横截面侧视图。
图8B是伸缩式流体容器的容器开口特征部的放大局部横截面侧视图。
图9A-9D是示出构造成便于打开容器的用于打开伸缩式容器的设备在各种状态下的侧视图。
图10是构造成便于打开容器的用于打开伸缩式容器的设备的可选实施例的侧视图。
图11是示出用于变化体积的含流体凸泡的示例性冲击力的柱状图。
图12在凸泡压缩期间压缩载荷-时间的载荷-时间曲线图。
图13A是构造成便于打开容器的用于打开伸缩式容器的可选设备的局部横截面侧视图。
图13B是在图13A的实施例中使用的悬臂式撞杆的透视图。
图14是构造成便于打开容器的用于打开伸缩式容器的可选设备的局部横截面侧视图。
图15A是构造成便于打开容器的替代的用于打开伸缩式容器的设备的局部横截面侧视图。
图15B是图15A的设备中使用的撞销的透视图。
图16A是构造成便于打开容器的用于打开伸缩式容器的可选设备的局部横截面侧视图。
图16B是图16A的设备中使用的撞销的透视图。
图17是用于保护伸缩式容器并且与其接口的设备的分解横截面透视图。
图18是用于保护处于未致动状态的伸缩式容器并且与其接口的设备的横截面侧视图。
图19是用于保护处于完全致动状态的伸缩式容器并且与其接口的设备的横截面透视图。
具体实施方式
除非另外限定，本文中使用的所有技术术语、符号和其它科学名词或者专业词汇具有如在本公开所属领域中的普通技术人员通常所理解的含义。本文所述或引用的许多工艺和过程由本领域技术人员透彻理解并且用常规方法学通常采用。在适当情况下，除非另外注明，涉及市售套件和试剂的使用的步骤根据制造商限定的规程和/或参数来执行。本文引述的所有专利、申请、发布的申请和其它公布的全部内容通过引用并入本文。如果本节中提出的限定与本文中通过引用并入的专利、申请、发布的申请和其它出版物相反或以其它方式不一致，则本节提出的限定优于通过引用并入本文的限定。
如本文使用的，单数“一”是指“至少一个”或者“一个或者更多个”。
本说明书在描述部件、设备、部位、特征部或者其一部分的位置和/或定向时可以使用相对空间和/或定向术语。除非具体说明，或者通过说明书的上下文指出，这些术语包括但不限于顶部、底部、以上、以下、下方、在…之上、上部、下部、左方、右方、前方、后方、紧接于、邻近、之间、水平、垂直、斜向、纵向、横向等等，并且用以便于指代附图中的这些部件、设备、部位、特征部或者其一部分，并不旨在是限制性的。
体现本发明方面的用于压缩可变形流体容器-诸如液体试剂模块上的凸泡–的致动机构在图2中以附图标记50示出。致动机构50可以包括铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件52和滑动致动器板66。滑动致动器板66构造成在大体平行于液体试剂模块平面的方向上–在所示的实施例中，水平地–可移动，并且可以由线性致动器、齿轮齿条副、皮带传动或者其它合适的促动装置驱动。在所示的实施例中，滑动致动器板66具有V形边缘76，这些边缘支撑在四个V-辊子74中，以适应板66在相反的直线方向上的移动，同时将滑动致动器板66保持为距致动器台板组件52成固定间隔。可以设置其它特征部以引导致动器板66，诸如导轨和协作凹槽。具有诸如凸泡36和38的一个或者更多个可变形流体容器的部件40(可以包括如上所述的液体试剂模块10)在铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件52之下布置在致动机构50中。
铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件52的构造及其操作的更多细节在图3A-6B 中示出。
如图3A和3B所示，致动器台板组件52包括机壳54。凸轮主体56布置在机壳54的狭槽57中，通过第一枢轴58被附接到机壳54。台板64借助于第二枢轴60枢转连接到凸轮主体56。凸轮主体56借助于围绕第一枢轴58联接的扭转弹簧55被保持在狭槽57中的水平未致动位置上。
凸轮主体56另外包括沿其一个边缘(图中的顶部边缘)的凸轮面65，在图3B中所示的示例性实施例中，凸轮面65包括初始平坦部分61、凸状弯曲部分62和第二平坦部分63。滑动致动器板66包括凸轮随动器68(在所示的实施例中，辊子)，凸轮随动器68可旋转地安装在形成于致动器板 66中的狭槽72中。在本发明的实施例中，一个凸轮主体56和关联的台板64及凸轮随动器68与液体试剂模块40的各可变形容器(例如，凸泡36) 关联。
致动器台板组件52和滑动致动器板66构造成相对于彼此可移动。在一个实施例中，致动器台板组件52被固定，并且致动器板66构造成相对于台板组件52横向移动，由V-辊子74支撑。滑动致动器板66例如在方向“A”上的横向移动导致凸轮随动器68沿着凸轮主体56的凸轮面65平移，由此致动凸轮主体56和与之相连的台板64。
在图3A和3B中，在滑动致动器板66开始相对致动器台板组件52移动之前，凸轮随动器68布置在凸轮主体56的凸轮面65的初始平坦部分61 上。在图4A和4B中，滑动致动器板66已经相对于致动器台板组件52在方向“A”上移动，以便凸轮随动器68已经移过凸轮面65的初始平坦部分 61，并且刚开始接合凸轮主体56的凸轮面65的凸状弯曲部分62的向上弯曲轮廓。
在图5A和5B中，滑动致动器板66已经在方向“A”继续行进至一点，以便凸轮随动器68位于凸轮面65的凸状弯曲部分62的最高点处，由此导致凸轮主体56绕第一枢轴58旋转。台板64通过使凸轮主体56向下枢转而下降，并且相对于凸轮主体56绕第二枢轴60枢转，并且由此压缩凸泡36。
在图6A和6B中，滑动致动器板66已经在方向“A”上相对于致动器台板组件52移动到一位置，以便凸轮随动器68已经前进到凸轮面65的第二平坦部分63。因此，由扭力弹簧55推动的凸轮主体56绕第一枢轴58枢转回到未致动位置，由此使台板64退回。
由此，铰接的凸泡致动器台板组件52构造且布置成将致动器板66的水平移动转换成为台板64的垂直移动以压缩凸泡，并且台板的移动不需要在液体模块以上和/或以下较大距离处的气动、机电式或者其它部件。
凸泡压缩致动机构的可选实施例在图7A和7B中以附图标记80标示。致动器80包括线性致动器82，线性致动器82联接到凸轮导轨84。凸轮导轨84通过横向地延伸通过狭槽86的第一撑杆96和横向地延伸通过形成在凸轮导轨84中的第二狭槽88的第二撑杆98被支撑用于纵向移动。第一撑杆96和/或第二撑杆98可以包括环形槽，包围狭槽86或者狭槽88的凸轮导轨84的部分可被支撑在该环形槽中，或者在凸轮导轨84的相对侧上可以在第一撑杆96和/或第二撑杆98之上设置柱形间隔物，以阻止凸轮导轨84扭转或者在轴向上沿着第一承轨96和/或第二承轨98滑动。
凸轮导轨84包括一个或者更多个凸轮轮廓狭槽。在所示的实施例中，凸轮导轨84包括三个凸轮轮廓狭槽90、92和94。在所示的实施例中，参考凸轮轮廓狭槽90，在图中从左至右进行，狭槽90包括初始水平部分、向下倾斜部分和第二水平部分。凸轮轮廓狭槽的形状是示例性的，并且其它形状也可以有效地实现。致动机构80还包括与各凸轮轮廓狭槽关联的台板。在所示的实施例中，致动器80包括分别与凸轮轮廓狭槽90、92、94 关联的三个台板100、102、104。第一台板100通过从台板100横向地延伸到凸轮轮廓狭槽90中的凸轮随动器销106联接到凸轮轮廓狭槽90。类似地，第二台板102通过凸轮随动器销108联接到第二凸轮轮廓狭槽92，并且第三台板104通过凸轮随动器销110联接到第三凸轮轮廓狭槽94。台板100、102、104通过引导部112支撑和引导，引导部112可以包括其中形成有顺应每一台板形状的开口的面板。
在图7A中，凸轮导轨84处于它的右侧最远位置，并且台板100、 102、104处于它们的未致动位置。每个凸轮随动器销106、108、110处于相应的凸轮轮廓狭槽90、92、94的初始上部水平部分中。随着凸轮导轨84 通过线性致动器82在图7B所示的方向“A”上纵向向左移动，各凸轮随动器销106、108、110在它的相应的凸轮轮廓狭槽90、92、94中移动，直至凸轮随动器销在相应的凸轮轮廓狭槽的下部第二水平部分中。每个销 106、108、110在其相应的凸轮轮廓狭槽90、92、94中向下的移动导致关联台板100、102、104的相应向下移动。台板的这种移动由此压缩位于各台板下方的流体容器(或者凸泡)。各台板可以压缩与台板直接接触的容器，或者它可以通过设置在容器和相应台板之间的一个或者更多个中间部件接触容器。
由此，凸泡压缩致动机构80构造且布置成将由线性致动器82驱动的凸轮导轨84的水平移动转换成为台板100、102、104的垂直移动，以压缩凸泡，并且台板的移动不需要在液体模块以上和/或以下较大距离处的气动、机电式或者其它部件。
当压缩流体容器或者凸泡以转移流体容器或者凸泡中的流体内容物时，足够的挤压力必须施加到凸泡，以打破或以其它方式打开将流体保持在容器中的易碎密封件。打破密封件和转移容器流体内容物需要的力的量典型地随着容器体积加大而增加。这在图11所示的柱状图中示出，图11 示出了具有100、200、400和3000微升体积的凸泡所需要的最小、最大和平均凸泡破裂力。破裂400或更小微升的凸泡需要的平均力是较小的，在 10.7lbf至11.5lbf的平均值范围内变化。另一方面，破裂3000微升凸泡需要的力明显较大，其平均破裂力为43.4lbf，需要的最大破裂力大于65 lbf。生成这样大的力会是困难的，特别是在诸如上述那些低轮廓致动机构中，其中致动器的水平位移被转换成为台板的压缩凸泡移动。
因此，本发明方面以用于打开流体容器或者凸泡的方法和设备实施，其方式降低了破裂容器和转移容器流体内容物需要的力的量。
本发明的这些方面在图8A和8B中例示。如图8A所示，流体容器 (或者凸泡)122安装在基底124上，并且借助于通道130连接到球状凸泡 128。在一些实施例中，通道130最初可以由易碎密封件封阻。膜层129可以布置在基底124的底部上，从而覆盖形成在基底124的底部中以形成流体导管的一个或者更多个通道。包括球126(例如，钢球轴承)的开口装置在球状凸泡128中围起，并且如图8A所示，通过箔片间隔或者隔板125被支撑在球状凸泡128中。箔片隔板125阻止流体从容器122流过凹进127 和流体出口孔123。但是，在对球体126施加向下力时，由于球体126的较小表面尺寸，产生大的局部压力，并且箔片隔板125会以较小力而破裂以推动球126通过隔板125并进入凹进127中，如图8B所示。在箔片隔板 125破裂时，需要较小的额外力来破裂通道130中的密封件，并迫使流体从容器122流过流体出口孔123。
在图8B中，示出了未受损的球状凸泡128。在一些实施例中，施加到球体126以将其推过箔片隔板125的力还会使球状凸泡128皱缩。
用于通过将球体126推动通过箔片隔板125以打开容器的设备在图 9A、9B、9C、9D中以附图标记120指示。在所示的实施例中，设备120 包括球致动器140，该球致动器140延伸通过贯穿凸泡板或者台板132形成的开口。凸泡板132和致动器138构造用于移动布置在容器122以上的凸泡板132，球致动器140通过与形成在球致动器140中的制动轴环144接合的制动器136而被固定在第一位置(见图9A)。
如图9B所示，凸泡板132被致动器138向下移动到其中球致动器140 的触头端142接触球状凸泡128顶部的位置。致动器138可以包括低轮廓致动器，诸如，如上所述的致动机构50或者80。
如图9C所示，凸泡板132通过致动器138形成的连续向下移动导致球致动器140使球状凸泡128皱缩，由此推动开口装置(例如球体126)通过阻挡来自容器122的流体流的隔板。在这方面，将理解的是，制动器必须提供足够阻止球致动器140相对于凸泡板132滑动的保持力，直至球体126 已经刺穿隔板之后。由此，制动器必须提供足够使球状凸泡128皱缩并且推动球体126通过隔板的保持力。
如图9D所示，凸泡板132通过致动器138形成的连续向下移动最终克服制动器136提供的保持力，并且球致动器140然后被释放以相对于凸泡板132移动，以便凸泡板能够继续向下移动并且使容器122皱缩。
在容器122皱缩之后，凸泡板132能够通过致动器138上升至图9A所示的位置。由于凸泡板132正在从图9D所示的位置上升到图9A所示的位置，硬止挡146接触球致动器140的顶端，以阻止它的连续向上移动，由此使球致动器140相对于凸泡板132滑动，直至制动器136接触制动轴环 144以重置球致动器140。
体现本发明方面的用于打开容器的设备的可选实施例在图10中以附图标记150指示。设备150包括枢转球致动器152，该枢转球致动器152构造成绕枢轴销154枢转。枢转球致动器152的顶表面156包括凸轮面，并且包括辊子在方向“A”上沿着凸轮面156移动的凸轮随动器158使致动器 152在方向“B”上向下枢转，以使球状凸泡128皱缩并且迫使球体126通过箔片隔板125。枢转致动器152还可以包括扭转弹簧(未示出)或者其它装置，用于在凸轮随动器158退回时，将致动器复原到收起位置，与球状凸泡128脱离。
图12是压缩载荷-时间曲线图，其示出了体现本发明方面的用于打开容器的设备的示例性载荷-时间曲线。随着设备接触球状凸泡128并且开始压缩球状凸泡128，载荷经历如曲线中的部分(a)所示的初始提高。在曲线的部分(b)处示出的曲线平直部分在球体126穿透箔片隔板125之后发生。力载荷的第二增大在凸泡板132与容器122接触并且开始压缩容器122时发生。如在曲线图的部分(c)处所示出的，高峰在通道130中位于容器122 和球状凸泡128之间的易碎密封件被碎裂时达到。在密封件已被破坏之后，由于容器122皱缩并且容纳在其中的流体被迫使通过支撑球体126的出口孔123(见图8A、8B)，压力如曲线图部分(d)所示地剧烈地降低。
用于打开容器的可选设备在图13A中以附图标记160指示。如图13A 所示的，流体容器(或者凸泡)162安装在基底172上，借助于通道(最初可以被或不被易碎密封件封阻)连接到陷窝161。膜层164可以布置在基底 172的底部上，以覆盖形成于基底172底部中以形成流体导管的一个或者更多个通道。包括悬臂式撞杆166的开口装置设置在形成于基底172中的撞杆腔室170中，其一端通过螺钉联接件168被锚固。
箔片隔离物或者隔板165将陷窝161内部相对撞杆腔室170密封。致动器在方向“A”上将撞杆170一直推入到陷窝161中，由此刺穿箔片隔板 165并且允许流体从凸泡162流出撞杆腔室170和流体出口孔。在移去向上力之后，撞杆166的弹性力回弹使它返回到它的起始位置。在一个实施例中，撞杆166由金属制成。可选地，塑料撞杆能够是形成有凸泡162的模制塑料基底的一部分。可选地，金属撞杆能够被热熔接到阳型塑料柱上。进一步的可选例是采用成型的金属线作为撞杆。
用于打开容器的设备的其它可选实施例在图14中以附图标记180指示。具有一个或者更多个可变形容器的部件包括在基底194上形成的至少一个凸泡182。在图14所示的设备中，内部陷窝184形成在凸泡182内侧。内部陷窝184包围开口装置，开口装置包括有从形成在基底194中的销钉空腔188向上凸出的固定销钉186。膜层192布置在基底194的相反侧上。随着致动器下压凸泡182，凸泡182内的内压力导致内部陷窝184皱缩并且倒拱。倒拱的陷窝被固定销钉186击穿，由此允许凸泡182中的流体流过出口孔190。
用于打开容器的可选设备在图15A中以附图标记200指示。如图15A 所示，流体容器(或者凸泡)202安装在基底216上，并且借助于通道(最初可以被或不被易碎密封件封阻)连接到陷窝204。包括撞销206的开口装置布置在形成于基底216中在陷窝204下方的分段孔道220中，撞销206具有贯穿其中心形成的流体端口208(见图15B)。间隔或者隔板205将陷窝204从孔道220分离，由此阻止流体离开凸泡202和陷窝204。致动器(未示出)在方向“A”上按压布置在基底216底部部分上的膜层212，迫使撞销206在分段孔道220中向上，直至形成在撞销206上的突肩210碰撞形成在分段孔道220中的硬止挡222。销206的碰撞尖头刺穿隔板205，由此允许流体流过撞销206中的流体端口208，并且流出流体出口通道214。
用于打开容器的设备的可选实施例在图16A和16B中以附图标记230 指示。如图16A所示，流体容器(或者凸泡)232安装在基底244上，借助于通道(最初可以被或不被易碎密封件封阻)连接到陷窝234。包括撞销236 的开口装置布置在形成于基底244中在陷窝234下方的分段板246中。间隔或者隔板235将陷窝234从分段孔道246分离。在凸泡232和陷窝234 粘合之前，基底244的上表面用薄膜240密封。致动器(未示出)在方向“A”上向上推动撞销，直至形成在撞销236上的突肩238碰撞到孔道246 中的硬止挡248。销236由此刺穿隔板235，随着流体沿着形成在基底244 上表面上的出口通道242流出而保持在上部位置。液密密封件通过轻微过盈配合被保持在销238和孔道246之间。
由于液体试剂模块的伸缩式流体容器构造成被压缩和皱缩以从容器转移流体内容物，这种容器由于不慎暴露于对容器施加压缩力的接触而易于受损或者流体泄露。因此，当存储、操纵或者输送具有一个或者更多个伸缩式流体容器的部件时，需要保护流体容器并且避免这种不慎接触。液体试剂模块能够存储在刚性外壳中，以保护伸缩式容器免受不慎外力，但这种外壳因施加外力而会抑制或阻止容器皱缩。由此，液体试剂模块在使用之前将必需被从外壳移去，从而使得模块的伸缩式容器易受到无意识外力的影响。
用于保护伸缩式容器和与伸缩式容器接口的设备在图17、18和19中以附图标记260标示。带有一个或者更多个伸缩式容器的部件包括形成在基底264上的伸缩式凸泡262。分配通道266从凸泡262延伸到易碎密封件 268。所理解的是，在一些可选实施例中，分配通道266可以用易碎密封件代替，以提供抵抗意外试剂释放的额外防护。
易碎密封件268可以包括如上所述的且在图8-16中任一图中所示的用于打开容器的设备中的一种。
刚性或者半刚性壳体设置在凸泡262之上，并且可选地，也设置在分配通道266之上，并且包括覆盖凸泡262的凸泡外壳盖270以及覆盖并保护分配通道266和易碎密封件268区域的凸泡壳体延长部280。
浮动致动器板276布置在凸泡外壳盖270中。在所示的实施例中，凸泡外壳盖270和浮动致动器板276两者均是圆形的，但壳体270和致动器板276能够具有任何形状，优选地总体适形凸泡262的形状。
设备260还包括在一端具有柱塞尖头275的柱塞274。柱塞274布置在凸泡外壳盖270以上，通常在其中心部分处，并且被布置在形成于壳体270 中的孔隙272以上。
浮动致动器板276包括柱塞接收器凹进278，在一实施例中，该凹进 278总体上适形柱塞尖头275的形状。
凸泡262通过柱塞274被向下致动到孔隙272中而被皱缩。柱塞274 可以由任何合适机构致动，包括如上所述的致动机构50、80之一。柱塞 274进入孔隙272，在孔隙272中，柱塞尖头275套叠在浮动致动器板276 的柱塞接收器凹进278中。柱塞274的继续向下移动将致动器板276压靠于凸泡262，由此使凸泡262皱缩并且将流体从凸泡262通过分配通道266转移到流体出路。继续压力将导致在268处的易碎密封件破裂，或者如上所述的用于打开容器的设备可用以打开易碎密封件。套叠在柱塞尖头凹进 278中的柱塞尖头275有助于将柱塞274相对于致动器板276保持居中，并且阻止致动器板276相对于柱塞274在横向上滑动。当凸泡完全地皱缩时，如图19所示，浮动致动器板276的柱塞接收器凹进278的凸侧套叠在形成于基底264中的柱塞凹进282中。
因此，凸泡外壳盖270保护凸泡262免受不慎损伤或者皱缩，而凸泡外壳盖270内的浮动致动器板允许且促进凸泡262的皱缩，而不需要除去或另外地改变凸泡外壳盖270。在具有多于一个伸缩式容器和分配通道的部件中，凸泡外壳盖可以设置用于所有的容器和分配通道，或者用于一些而不是全部的容器和分配通道。
虽然已经参考包括特征部的不同组合和子组合的一些说明性实施例非常详细地描述和示出了本发明，本领域技术人员将易于理解如本发明范围涵盖的其它实施例和其变化及修改。另外，这些实施例、组合和子组合的描述不旨在表明本发明要求特征部或者特征部的组合，除非权利要求书中明显记载。因此，本发明被认为包括涵盖在以下所附权利要求书的精神和范围内的所有修改和变化。

Claims (23)

1.用于处理包括伸缩式容器的流体模块的设备，所述伸缩式容器通过施加将所述伸缩式容器压靠于基底上的力而被支撑在平面基底上，所述设备包括：
第一致动器部件，所述第一致动器部件构造成在大体平行于所述基底的平面的第一方向上可移动；
引导部，所述引导部构造为支撑所述第一致动器部件，并且防止所述第一致动器部件在垂直于所述基底平面的方向上的移动；
第二致动器部件，所述第二致动器部件构造成通过在具有大体垂直于所述基底平面的分量的第二方向上移动而施加将容器压靠于所述基底上的力；和
运动转换机构，所述运动转换机构将第一致动器部件与第二致动器部件联接，并且构造和布置成将所述第一致动器部件在所述第一方向上的移动转换成为所述第二致动器部件在所述第二方向上的移动，以由此施加将所述容器压靠于所述基底上的力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中：
所述第一致动器部件包括致动器板，所述致动器板构造成在第一方向上可移动并且包括凸轮随动器元件；
所述第二致动器部件包括台板，所述台板构造成在所述第二方向上可移动以施加将所述容器压靠于所述基底上的力；并且
所述运动转换机构包括具有凸轮面的凸轮主体，所述凸轮主体联接到所述台板，并且构造为使得随着所述致动器板在第一方向上移动，所述致动器板的凸轮随动器元件接合所述凸轮主体的凸轮面，由此导致所述凸轮主体的移动，而引起所述台板在第二方向上的移动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其中，所述引导部包括与所述致动器板的相反边缘接合的辊子，其中所述辊子绕垂直于所述致动器板的轴线可旋转。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的设备，其中，所述运动转换机构还包括弹簧元件，所述弹簧元件构造成将所述凸轮主体偏压到第一位置，在该第一位置，所述台板不施加将所述容器压靠于所述基底上的力。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的设备，其中：
所述致动器板的凸轮随动器元件包括构造成绕平行于所述致动器板且与第一方向正交的旋转轴线旋转的辊子；并且
所述运动转换机构还包括机壳，并且所述凸轮主体的一部分可枢转地连接到所述机壳，而另一部分可枢转地连接到所述台板。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备，其中，所述凸轮主体的凸轮面包括初始平坦部分和凸状弯曲部分，并且所述辊子从初始平坦部分到凸状弯曲部分的移动导致所述凸轮主体的移动，而所述凸轮主体的移动导致所述台板在第二方向上的移动。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中：所述第一致动器部件包括构造成在第一方向上可移动的凸轮导轨；
所述第二致动器部件包括台板，所述台板构造成在所述第二方向上可移动以施加将所述容器压靠于所述基底上的力；并且
所述运动转换机构包括随着所述凸轮导轨可移动的凸轮面和将所述凸轮导轨联接到所述台板的凸轮随动器，并且所述凸轮随动器构造成将所述凸轮导轨在第一方向上的运动转换成为所述台板在第二方向上的移动。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备，其中，所述引导部包括第一横杆和第二横杆，所述第一横杆延伸通过在所述凸轮导轨中形成的并且在第一行进方向上延伸的第一狭槽，并且所述第二横杆延伸通过在所述凸轮导轨中形成的并且在第一行进方向上延伸的第二狭槽。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的设备，其中：
所述凸轮面包括在所述凸轮导轨中形成的凸轮轮廓狭槽；并且
所述凸轮随动器包括将所述台板联接到所述凸轮轮廓狭槽的跟随器元件，以便所述凸轮导轨在第一方向上的移动导致所述凸轮随动器在所述凸轮轮廓狭槽中的移动，从而导致所述台板在第二方向上的移动。
10.根据权利要求9所述的设备，其中，所述凸轮轮廓狭槽包括第一直边部分、平行于所述第一部分且相对于所述第一部分偏移的第二直边部分和将第一部分的一端与第二部分的一端相连的直倾斜部分。
11.根据权利要求9所述的设备，其中，所述凸轮随动器包括从所述台板通过所述凸轮轮廓狭槽延伸的杆。
12.通过施加将每个容器压靠于基底上的力而对包括支撑在平面基底上的两个或更多个伸缩式容器的流体模块进行处理的设备，所述设备包括：
第一致动器部件，所述第一致动器部件构造成在大体平行于基底平面的第一方向上可移动；
引导部，所述引导部构造为支撑所述第一致动器部件，并且防止所述第一致动器部件在垂直于所述基底平面的方向上的移动；
第二致动器部件，所述第二致动器部与所述伸缩式容器中的每个关联，并且构造成通过在具有大体垂直于所述基底平面的分量的第二方向上移动而施加将所述关联的容器压靠于所述基底上的力；和
运动转换机构，所述运动转换机构与所述第二致动器部件中的每个关联并且将所述第一致动器部件与关联的第二致动器部件联接，其中每个运动转换机构构造且布置成将所述第一致动器部件在第一方向上的移动转换成为关联的第二致动器部件在第二方向上的移动，由此施加将所述关联的容器压靠于所述基底上的力。
13.根据权利要求12所述的设备，其中：
所述第一致动器部件包括致动器板，所述致动器板构造成在第一方向上可移动并且包括两个或更多个凸轮随动器元件，每个凸轮随动器元件与所述运动转换机构中的一个关联；
每个第二致动器部件包括台板，所述台板构造成在所述第二方向上可移动以施加将所述关联的容器压靠于所述基底上的力；并且
每个运动转换机构均包括具有凸轮面的凸轮主体，所述凸轮主体联接到关联的第二致动器部件的台板，并且构造为使得随着所述致动器板在第一方向上移动，所述致动器板的关联的凸轮随动器元件接合关联的凸轮主体的凸轮面，由此导致关联的凸轮主体的移动，而引起关联的台板在第二方向上的移动。
14.根据权利要求13所述的设备，其中，所述引导部包括与所述致动器板的相反边缘接合的辊子，其中所述辊子绕垂直于所述致动器板的轴线可旋转。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的设备，其中，每个运动转换机构还包括弹簧元件，所述弹簧元件构造成将所述运动转换机构的所述凸轮主体偏压到第一位置，在该第一位置，关联的第二致动器部件的台板不施加将关联的容器压靠于基底上的力。
16.根据权利要求13或14所述的设备，其中：
致动器板的每个凸轮随动器元件包括构造成绕旋转轴线旋转的辊子，所述旋转轴线平行于所述致动器板并且与所述第一方向正交；并且
每个运动转换机构的所述凸轮主体的一个部分被铰接到机壳，而另一部分铰接到关联的第二致动器部件的所述台板。
17.根据权利要求16所述的设备，其中，每个凸轮主体的凸轮面包括初始平坦部分和凸状弯曲部分，并且关联的辊子从初始平坦部分到凸状弯曲部分的移动导致所述凸轮主体的移动，所述凸轮主体的移动导致所述台板在第二方向上的移动。
18.根据权利要求12所述的设备，其中：
所述第一致动器部件包括构造成在第一方向上可移动的凸轮导轨；
每个第二致动器部件包括台板，所述台板构造成在所述第二方向上可移动以施加将所述关联的容器压靠于所述基底上的力；并且
每个运动转换机构包括能够随所述凸轮导轨移动的凸轮面，以及接合所述凸轮面并将所述凸轮导轨联接到关联的第二致动器部件的台板的凸轮随动器，每个运动转换机构构造为使得随着所述凸轮导轨在第一方向上移动，与凸轮面接合的凸轮随动器导致关联的台板在第二方向上移动。
19.根据权利要求18所述的设备，其中，所述引导部包括第一横杆和第二横杆，所述第一横杆延伸通过在所述凸轮导轨中形成的并且在第一行进方向上延伸的第一狭槽，并且所述第二横杆延伸通过在所述凸轮导轨中形成的并且在第一行进方向上延伸的第二狭槽。
20.根据权利要求18或19中的任一项所述的设备，其中：
每个凸轮面包括在所述凸轮导轨中形成的凸轮轮廓狭槽；并且
每个凸轮随动器包括将关联的台板联接到所述凸轮轮廓狭槽的跟随器元件，以便所述凸轮导轨在第一方向上的移动导致所述凸轮随动器在关联的凸轮轮廓狭槽中的移动，从而导致关联的台板在第二方向上的移动。
21.根据权利要求20所述的设备，其中，每个凸轮随动器包括从关联的台板延伸通过关联的凸轮轮廓狭槽的杆。
22.根据权利要求20所述的设备，其中，每个凸轮轮廓狭槽包括第一直边部分、平行于所述第一部分且相对于所述第一部分偏移的第二直边部分和将所述第一部分的一端与所述第二部分的一端相连的直倾斜部分。
23.根据权利要求22所述的设备，其中每个凸轮随动器包括从关联的台板延伸通过关联的凸轮轮廓狭槽的杆。
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