CN105023295A - Human anatomy unit 3D model establishment method and teaching system - Google Patents
Human anatomy unit 3D model establishment method and teaching system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of medical anatomy, and more particularly to a human anatomy unit 3D model establishment method and a teaching system. Through adoption of the human anatomy unit 3D model establishment method, a precise visual human anatomy unit 3D model can be established, and the more accurate convenient human anatomy unit model is provided for anatomy teaching, so that students can learn all the human anatomy units in a vivid intuitive manner. Due to the use of the human anatomy unit 3D model in anatomy teaching, various problems caused by use of a two-dimensional image or a human body sample in a traditional anatomy teaching process are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical anatomy field, particularly a kind of human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model and tutoring system.
Background technology
Anatomy is a medical morphology discipline, and the Teaching of Anatomy mode of present stage is mainly given lessons according to teaching material (country's " 12 " " Systematic Anatomy " teaching material) content, teaching process is mainly assisted based on word, two-dimensional map, teaching mode, human body specimen, hospital's CT, MRI picture.
Along with the fast development of modern medicine teaching and scientific research demand, the drawback of anatomy teaching material and aid day by day comes out, in teaching process, anatomy teaching material word content is abstract, and two-dimensional map multi-angle can not show anatomical structure, causes understanding, memory difficulty; New mint teaching mode time and effort consuming, treatment of details is not comprehensive, and bandwagon effect is not good; And human body specimen corpse source is deficient, preserve not easily and with high costs, prolonged and repeated use causes specimen quality poor, and the corruption of many positions is out of shape, and experimental courses is with high costs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome human dissection unit two-dimensional map in existing teaching not image, human body specimen be difficult to obtain and the high problem of retain costs, a kind of method for building up of the human dissection unit 3D model (also can be referred to as 3D rendering) for imparting knowledge to students is provided.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model, comprises the steps:
(1) take 0.5mm-20mm as thickness, obtain human body specimen sectional slice;
(2) take 0.5mm-20mm as fault space, gather human body faultage image data by CT and/or MRI;
(3) with human dissection unit for elementary cell, the human body faultage image of acquisition and described human body specimen sectional slice are carried out images match screening, chooses the corresponding human body faultage image data that matches with each human dissection unit in described human body specimen sectional slice and distinguished and demarcate;
(4) the described human body faultage image data through demarcating is carried out integrating and carries out three-dimensional modeling, to form the 3D model of each human dissection unit.
Further, the step of the 3D model of described human dissection unit being carried out to Wiring optimization and dough sheet quantity optimization is also comprised.
Further, also comprise and different human dissection unit 3D models carried out encoding and is combined into the step of human body 3D model.
In some embodiments, the human body faultage image interval that described human body specimen sectional slice thickness and described CT and/or MRI gather is identical.
Preferably, the human body faultage image interval that described human body specimen sectional slice thickness and described CT and/or MRI gather is 10mm.
In other embodiment, described human body specimen sectional slice thickness is less than the human body faultage image interval that described CT and/or MRI gathers.
Preferably, described human body specimen sectional slice thickness is 5mm, and the human body faultage image that described CT and/or MRI gathers is spaced apart 10mm.In other embodiment, described human body specimen sectional slice thickness is 0.5mm, and the human body faultage image that described CT and/or MRI gathers is spaced apart 10mm.
Further, the three-dimensional picture of the described human dissection unit of each generation is provided with unique identification code, and user can by the well-determined sensing of the described identification code described human dissection unit corresponding with it.
The present invention provides a kind of anatomy 3D tutoring system simultaneously, comprise control module, model image memory module, education informations memory module, display module and human-computer interaction module, the even described control module of described model image memory module, education informations memory module, display module and human-computer interaction module connects;
Store in described model image memory module as any one of claim 1 to 7 image method for building up the human dissection unit 3D model set up;
The explanation of nouns to described human dissection unit 3D model medical name and corresponding medical name is one to one stored in described education informations memory module;
Described human-computer interaction module is for receiving the operational order of user to human dissection unit 3D model; Described human-computer interaction module comprises touch-screen, and user sends described operational order by described touch-screen;
Described display module is used for described human dissection unit 3D models show according to the operational order of user.
Further, described operational order comprises and selects described human dissection unit 3D model, rotates, convergent-divergent, translation, splits, pull and carry out tomography display, translucent display and highlighted display to described 3D model.
Further, shown module also shows the explanation of nouns with the corresponding medical name of the human dissection unit of current display and described medical name; Described human anatomy 3D tutoring system also comprises customized label module, and it carries out self-defined mark for user to described human dissection unit 3D model.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: the formation human dissection unit 3D model that human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model provided by the invention can be accurate, vivid, thus for Teaching of Anatomy provide more precisely, the unit of human dissection easily model, allow student is more lively, each human dissection unit of visual learning, and utilize human dissection unit 3D model to carry out Teaching of Anatomy, solve the various problems adopting two dimensional image or human body specimen to run in traditional Teaching of Anatomy process.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model process flow diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 human anatomy 3D tutoring system provided by the invention frame diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all technology realized based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model, comprises the steps:
S01: take 10mm as thickness, obtains human body specimen sectional slice, described human body specimen sectional slice refers to the horizontal cross-section section when people's standing, refers to human body specimen is cut into the thick sectional slice of 10mm from top to bottom in this step.
S02: take 10mm as fault space, (it is store with data mode that CT and/or MRI gathers human body faultage image to gather human body faultage image data by CT and/or MRI, and show with image format, therefore in subsequent step, to the screening of appropriate section image, be equal to the screening to appropriate section view data); It should be noted step S01 and step S02 not modifiable specific tandem, also first can obtain a large amount of CT and/or MRI met the demands and gather human body faultage image data, then obtain the human body specimen sectional slice met the demands.
S03: with human dissection unit for elementary cell, the human body faultage image of acquisition and described human body specimen sectional slice are carried out images match screening, choose the corresponding human body faultage image data that matches with each human dissection unit in described human body specimen sectional slice and distinguished and demarcate, with each human dissection unit in human body specimen sectional slice for elementary cell (as, a certain human body specimen sectional slice is chest section, may there be atrium sinistrum in the human dissection unit wherein comprised, atrium dextrum, vertebra, the lobe of the lung etc.), select the image matched with it in described human body faultage image, and the view data of this matching image is demarcated employing.Some the human dissection organizations listing health different parts or system in following table 1 (just list part, in order to explain the implication of human dissection unit), whole human dissection units can by common anatomy teaching material (as " Systematic Anatomy " People's Health Publisher publishes, 8th edition, chief editor: cypress makes, Ying great Jun) in draw.
Table 1
It should be noted, different human body dissects unit when selecting the human body faultage image of coupling in for same human body specimen sectional slice, may be selected by different described human body faultage images completely, namely may the heart in this section select is the view data of cardiac component in a secondary human body faultage image, and the lung in this section is simultaneously selected is the view data of lung in another secondary human body faultage image.
In practical application, also can realize this step by obtaining the sectioning image meeting the human body specimen sectional slice of thickness requirement; Namely the image of satisfactory human body specimen sectional slice can be used completely to complete contrast screening operation; and not necessarily take human body specimen sectional slice in kind; but should be clearly; because in this step; no matter be use human body specimen sectional slice material object or the image of human body specimen sectional slice; its effect played is all identical, and it all should within the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
In addition, actual comparison process preferably contrasts in a certain order, as carried out successively from top to bottom, or carries out successively to the end from pin, so that ensure can by each complete contrast of human dissection unit in section sometime.
S04: the described human body faultage image data through demarcating is carried out integrating and carries out three-dimensional modeling, to form the 3D model of each human dissection unit, this step can be all human dissection units of all described human body specimen sectional slices are all being found the described human body faultage image data that matches one piece of 3D model generating each human dissection unit afterwards, also can be the 3D model that contrast limit, limit generates certain human dissection unit, in the present embodiment, be adopt medical science modeling software (MIMICS) completing steps S03, S04.
Further, also comprise the step of the 3D model of described human dissection unit being carried out to Wiring optimization and dough sheet quantity optimization, in the present embodiment, be adopt that CG (three-dimensional) software (3Dmax/MAYA) is modified to described 3D model, Wiring optimization and dough sheet quantity optimization operate.
Further, also comprise and different human dissection unit 3D models carried out encoding and is combined into the step of human body 3D model, it should be noted, in certain embodiments, described human body 3D model is the 3D model according to human figure split, and namely described human body 3D model is identical with body shape.
Further, the three-dimensional picture of the described human dissection unit of each generation is provided with unique identification code, and user can by the well-determined sensing of the described identification code described human dissection unit corresponding with it.
Embodiment 2: as different from Example 1, in the present embodiment, described human body specimen sectional slice thickness is less than the human body faultage image interval that described CT and/or MRI gathers.
Preferably, described human body specimen sectional slice thickness is 5mm, the human body faultage image that described CT and/or MRI gathers is spaced apart 10mm, and the human dissection unit in each so described human body faultage image selected at least needs this human dissection unit in human body specimen sectional slice corresponding to two to match could be selected.
The human dissection unit 3D model that human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model provided by the invention is set up can be applicable in human anatomy 3D tutoring system as shown in Figure 2:
Described human anatomy 3D tutoring system comprises control module 1, model image memory module 2, education informations memory module 3, display module 4 and human-computer interaction module 5, and the even described control module 1 of described model image memory module 2, education informations memory module 3, display module 4 and human-computer interaction module 5 connects.
Human dissection unit 3D model is stored in described model image memory module 2, with the storage of fax form, (image storage form is only citing to described 3D model, do not represent any restriction), in the present embodiment, described human dissection unit 3D model is the 3D model according to human figure split, and namely described human body 3D model is identical with body shape.
The explanation of nouns to described human dissection unit 3D model medical name and corresponding medical name is one to one stored in described education informations memory module 3; In some embodiments, the explanation of nouns of described medical name and medical name comprises Chinese and English two versions, user can select Chinese display version, English edition or Chinese and English to show simultaneously, namely user can allow separately medical nomenclature display Chinese display version, English edition or Chinese and English show simultaneously, and explanation of nouns Chinese display version, English edition or Chinese and English also can be allowed separately to show simultaneously.
Described human-computer interaction module 5 is for receiving the operational order of user to human dissection unit 3D model; Described display module 4 for according to the operational order of user by described human dissection unit 3D models show.Described control module 1 is for controlling the operation of above-mentioned module.
Further, described operational order comprises and selects described human dissection unit 3D model, rotates, convergent-divergent, translation, splits, pull and carry out tomography display, translucent display and highlighted display to described 3D model.
Further, shown module 4 also shows the explanation of nouns with the corresponding medical name of the human dissection unit of current display and described medical name.
Further, described human anatomy 3D tutoring system also comprises customized label module, and it carries out self-defined mark for user to described human dissection unit 3D model.
In the present embodiment, described human-computer interaction module 5 comprises touch-screen, and user sends described operational order by described touch-screen; In other embodiment, described human-computer interaction module 5 comprises traditional keyboard, mouse, and user is for send described operational order by keyboard, mouse.
In the tutoring system provided in the present embodiment, each anatomical elements title of human body 3D model is listed (dendrogram stores with xml document form) with the form of dendrogram, described dendrogram carries out tree-shaped distribution according to the subject of human anatomy, as human body is divided into integumentary system, osteology, arthrology, myology, digestive system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, lymphatic system, reproductive system, urinary system, internal system 13 classifications are set to trunk, the human organ that each trunk comprises is set to node, as, integumentary system is divided into left half body and right half body two nodes, and the right half body of its interior joint includes left foot, left hair, left hand, left head, left labia majora, do shank, left thigh, left neck, left pelvic part, left shoulder, the leaf node that the human dissection units such as left arm are formed.User can select by selecting, clicking trunk, node or leaf node the 3D model showing which part human dissection unit, in the present embodiment, be by leaf node corresponding with it for the unique identifier of described human dissection unit binding is realized specifying the selection of this human dissection unit; Accordingly, when selecting trunk or node, the 3D model that the leaf node comprised under this trunk and node is corresponding all shows.
It should be noted, human dissection unit 3D teaching mode in human anatomy 3D tutoring system provided by the invention can upgrade (utilizing unity3D engine interface) at any time, when there being the unit of human dissection more clearly 3D model, only part or all of human dissection unit 3D model need be changed the upgrading that can complete tutoring system; In like manner, when the medical name that anatomy is correlated with and explanation of nouns have new progress, corresponding contents also can upgrade by the present invention easily.
Claims (10)
1. a human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) take 0.5mm-20mm as thickness, obtain human body specimen sectional slice;
(2) take 0.5mm-20mm as fault space, gather human body faultage image data by CT and/or MRI;
(3) with human dissection unit for elementary cell, the human body faultage image of acquisition and described human body specimen sectional slice are carried out images match screening, chooses the corresponding human body faultage image data that matches with each human dissection unit in described human body specimen sectional slice and distinguished and demarcate;
(4) the described human body faultage image data through demarcating is carried out integrating and carries out three-dimensional modeling, to form the 3D model of each human dissection unit.
2. human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise the step of the 3D model of described human dissection unit being carried out to Wiring optimization and dough sheet quantity optimization.
3. human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises and is carried out encoding by different human dissection unit 3D models and be combined into the step of human body 3D model.
4. human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the human body faultage image interval that described human body specimen sectional slice thickness and described CT and/or MRI gather identical or, described human body specimen sectional slice thickness be less than described CT and/or MRI gather human body faultage image interval.
5. human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the human body faultage image interval that described human body specimen sectional slice thickness and described CT and/or MRI gather is 10mm.
6. human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described human body specimen sectional slice thickness is 5mm, and the human body faultage image that described CT and/or MRI gathers is spaced apart 10mm.
7. human dissection unit 3D method for establishing model as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the three-dimensional picture of the described human dissection unit of each generation is provided with unique identification code.
8. an anatomy 3D tutoring system, comprise control module, model image memory module, education informations memory module, display module and human-computer interaction module, the even described control module of described model image memory module, education informations memory module, display module and human-computer interaction module connects;
Store in described model image memory module as any one of claim 1 to 7 image method for building up the human dissection unit 3D model set up;
The explanation of nouns to described human dissection unit 3D model medical name and corresponding medical name is one to one stored in described education informations memory module;
Described human-computer interaction module is for receiving the operational order of user to human dissection unit 3D model; Described human-computer interaction module comprises touch-screen, and user sends described operational order by described touch-screen;
Described display module is used for described human dissection unit 3D models show according to the operational order of user.
9. anatomy 3D tutoring system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described operational order comprises to be selected described human dissection unit 3D model, rotates, convergent-divergent, translation, split, pull and carry out tomography display, translucent display and highlighted display to described 3D model.
10. anatomy 3D tutoring system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, shown module also shows the explanation of nouns with the corresponding medical name of the human dissection unit of current display and described medical name; Described human anatomy 3D tutoring system also comprises customized label module, and it carries out self-defined mark for user to described human dissection unit 3D model.
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