CN104806376A - Beta-type Stirling engine with three-crank crankshaft for magnetic driving - Google Patents

Beta-type Stirling engine with three-crank crankshaft for magnetic driving Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104806376A
CN104806376A CN201510180581.6A CN201510180581A CN104806376A CN 104806376 A CN104806376 A CN 104806376A CN 201510180581 A CN201510180581 A CN 201510180581A CN 104806376 A CN104806376 A CN 104806376A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cold
piston
hot
bent axle
stirling engine
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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CN201510180581.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
左承基
赵红玲
黄巨锋
栾铭湧
温森特
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Hefei University of Technology
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Hefei University of Technology
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Priority to CN201510180581.6A priority Critical patent/CN104806376A/en
Publication of CN104806376A publication Critical patent/CN104806376A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053Component parts or details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053Component parts or details
    • F02G1/057Regenerators

Abstract

The invention relates to a beta-type Stirling engine with a three-crank crankshaft for magnetic driving. The beta-type Stirling engine comprises a heater, an air cylinder body, pistons, a connecting rod mechanism, a crankshaft, a machine body, a magnetic driver and a power generator; a thermal mechanism consists of the heater, the air cylinder body, a thermal piston, a cold piston and a heat regenerator; the connecting rod mechanism comprises one thermal connecting rod and two cold connecting rods; the crankshaft is the three-crank crankshaft and is provided with three crank shaft necks and four crank discs; a full-closed magnetic driving power output mechanism consists of the machine body, the magnetic driver and the power generator. According to the beta-type Stirling engine disclosed by the invention, the structure is compact; all parts coordinately operate; the operation stability of the cold piston can be kept, and additional lateral forces of the pistons can be reduced; the motion of the thermal piston ahead of that of the cold piston by a crank angle of 90 degrees can be guaranteed, and effective power output is improved. By using the built-in grooved heat regenerator, the heat regeneration efficiency is improved; by using the full-closed magnetic driving power output mechanism, friction loss caused by dynamic sealing can be eliminated.

Description

The β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of engines, be specifically related to Stirling engine.
Background technique
Automobile oneself become the important component part of modern society, automobile, bringing easily simultaneously to human society trip, consumes huge petroleum resources.Automobile exhaust temperature is high, and have very high UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN and be worth, automobile exhaust is both at home and abroad all directly enter in air at present.China's automobile pollution is huge, automobile exhaust is directly entered air and is not only huge energy dissipation, and cause environmental pollution serious.
Stirling engine (Stirling engine) is a kind of external combustion closed cycle reciprocating piston type heat engine, and its ideal thermodynamic cycle is referred to as Stirling cycle (i.e. generality Carnot cycle), and under identical temperature conditions, its theoretical efficiency is the highest.It has the advantages that two are obviously better than internal-combustion engine: one is to utilize the various energy, no matter be conventional liquid fuel, or gaseous fuel or solid fuel etc., as long as the heat of uniform temperature can be produced, Stirling engine just can work, little to petroleum resources degree of dependence.Two is the combustion processes owing to not having in Stirling engine in internal-combustion engine, and pressure change is mild, and vibrating noise is low.Do not have breathing action in Stirling engine, working medium is closed cycle, so do not have noxious emission to produce, has good environmental characteristics.
Using automobile exhaust waste heat as high temperature heat source, drive motor externally to make mechanical work, low-grade exhaust heat can be converted into high-grade mechanical energy, thus realize the lifting of energy quality.Therefore, the present invention studies automobile exhaust waste heat Stirling engine, to the petroleum resources utilization ratio improving China's automobile, has very important strategic importance and great construction value.
Stirling engine structural type mainly contains α, β and γ tri-kinds of patterns, and wherein β type structure is the compactest.The practicality of current β type driving mechanism pattern mainly contain connecting rod, diamond transmission mechanism, free-piston driving mechanism.Wherein connecting rod technology maturation, mechanism is relatively simple, and hot, cold chamber phase difference easily ensures, but balance is poor.β type distributing type Stirling engine adopts two reciprocating mechanisms usually, mechanism is run not too steady.Rhombus-mechanism has four connecting rods and two side links to be connected by length ratio, makes its shape approximation rhombus, operate steadily, but mechanism is comparatively complicated.Free-piston mechanism is simple, but should not ensure the phase difference requirement of hot chamber volume and cold chamber volume.
Stirling engine is closed cycle mode of operation in the world at present, Special seal structure must be adopted to seal, reveal to prevent working medium.The leakage of working medium is the common phenomenon of the failure of Stirling engine, is also one of the most scabrous problem.The leakage of working medium gently then causes the decline of engine power and efficiency, motor cisco unity malfunction, heavy then cause complete machine to damage.Sealing configuration is not only difficult technically, and makes engine structure complexity, machines cumbersome, and frictional loss is very large, operational reliability is very poor.This is also the one of the main reasons that current Stirling engine is difficult to wide popularization and application in engineering field.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome sealing difficulty that traditional Stirling engine exists, complex structure, machines cumbersome, frictional loss very greatly, the poor shortcoming of operational reliability, the present invention is by improving, take the lead in proposing a kind of β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic force drive mechanisms, designed by rational engine structure, crankshaft rotating motion contactlessly can be delivered to crankcase outside, and can reduce heat shuttle back and forth loss and heating loss, ensure that motor operates steadily, significantly reduce frictional loss, improve engine thermal efficiency.
The β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives comprises heater 1, cylinder block 21, piston, linkage mechanism, bent axle 12, body 7, magnetic driver 10 and generator 11;
The top of described cylinder block 21 is hot chamber 2, and bottom is cold chamber 18; Described heater 1 is located on hot chamber 2, and the outside in described cold chamber 18 is arranged with coolant jacket 6, and cylinder block 21 inwall between described heater 1 and coolant jacket 6 is provided with regenerator 19, and forms gas channel between regenerator 19 and cylinder block 21 inwall; Described piston is divided into hot piston 3 and cold piston 5, and hot piston 3 is coaxially positioned at the top of cold piston 5, and correspond to heater 1; Described heater 1, cylinder block 21, hot piston 3, cold piston 5 and regenerator 19 form heating power mechanism;
Described linkage mechanism comprises a hot connecting rod 9 and two cold connecting rods 8; Described bent axle 12 is three crank throw bent axles, and wherein two ends are main journal 1204, and three crank throws at middle part are respectively a hot rod journal 1202 and two cold rod journals 1201; Described linkage mechanism and bent axle form three crank throw crank mechanisms;
The lower end of cylinder block 21 is communicated with body, and body is Seal cage; The main journal 1204 at described bent axle 12 two ends is located in buffer cavity 14 by bearing; The main journal 1204 of bent axle 12 one end is connected to generator 11 by magnetic driver 10; The body corresponding with bent axle 12 the other end is provided with gas-charging connection 13;
The converting heat of suction is the mechanical work to cold piston 5 by described heater 1, realizes the periodic duty of β type Stirling engine.
Described coolant jacket 6 is cylindrical tube, and its external cylindrical surface is fin.
Described regenerator 19 is cylindrical tube, uniformly vertically on external cylindrical surface offers groove, forms gas channel between groove uniform on regenerator 19 and cylinder block 21 inwall.
The axis middle part of described cold piston 5 is provided with through hole, and hot straight rod piston 15 is through this through hole; Seal ring 4 is provided with between hot straight rod piston 15 and cold piston 5; Hot straight rod piston 15 upper end is connected with hot piston 3, and lower end is connected with the upper end of hot connecting rod 9; The lower end of hot connecting rod 9 is connected to the hot rod journal 1202 of bent axle; Two cold straight rod piston 16 upper ends are connected with cold piston 5, and lower end respectively connecting rod 8 cold with two is connected; The lower end of two cold connecting rods 8 respectively connected two cold rod journals 1201 of three crank throw bent axles 12.
The middle part of described three crank throw bent axles is hot rod journal 1202, and the both sides of hot rod journal 1202 are connected to cold rod journal 1201 respectively by crank throw dish, and the cold rod journal 1201 of both sides is coaxial; Main journal 1204 is connected to respectively by crank throw dish outside the cold rod journal 1201 of both sides; Described hot rod journal 1202 is 90 degree with the crank angle difference of described cold rod journal 1201.
Described body is the tubulose of inverted T-shaped, is respectively upright cavity and horizontal cavity; Upright cavity is buffer cavity 14, and buffer cavity 14 is communicated with the lower end of cylinder block 21; The main journal 1204 at described bent axle 12 two ends is located in horizontal cavity by bearing.
Described magnetic driver 10 is plane magnetic coupling, is made up of two-part, and one partial fixing is connected in bent axle 12 one end, rotate with crankshaft-synchronous, another part is fixedly connected generator 11, the rotary motion of bent axle 12 is contactlessly outwards transmitted, and makes generator 11 carry out power generation operation.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention embodies in the following areas:
(1) the built-in regenerator that the present invention adopts designs, regenerator is built in cylinder block top, be between heater and coolant jacket, cylinder block outside is covered with thermal-protective coating and carries out heat insulation, regenerator is made to have the shortest heat transfer path, can radiation loss be greatly reduced, significantly improve effectiveness of regenerator, and then improve the utilization ratio of heat energy.
(2) the present invention adopts three crank throw crankshaft designs, has three crank throw axle journals (hot rod journal, two cold rod journals), four crank throw dishes.Hot rod journal is positioned at the centre of bent axle, by hot connecting rod and hot straight rod piston hinged; Two cold rod journals are positioned at the both sides of bent axle, respectively by two cold connecting rods and two cold straight rod pistons hinged.Article two, cold straight rod piston is connected on same cold piston symmetrically.This structure can keep cold piston running stability, reduces piston simultaneously and adds lateral force, improves useful horsepower and exports.
(3) three crank throw crank mechanisms of the present invention can with the hot piston in heating power mechanism and cold piston element co-ordination, ensure that the crank angle of 90 degree, cold piston is led in the motion of hot piston, and the phase angle between two-piston maintained 90 degree.The piston phase angle of 90 degree can improve the acting ability of gas working medium substantially, and then is conducive to the transformation efficiency improving heat energy.
(4) power output part of the present invention adopts plane magnetic force coupling design, plane magnetic coupling is made up of two-part, its part is arranged on bent axle one end, rotate with crankshaft-synchronous, another part is connected with the generator of crankcase outside, crankshaft rotating motion in body contactlessly can be delivered to outside engine body, make generator carry out power generation operation.Because crankcase and the outer atmosphere environment of case are in static full closeding state, without dynamic seal (packing) link, completely eliminate the frictional loss that the power pressure of current Stirling engine and atmospheric pressure dynamic seal (packing) produce, the useful horsepower that greatly can improve motor exports.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic perspective view after the present invention cuts cylinder open.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic perspective view that regenerator is extracted out by cylinder block upper part.
Fig. 3 is three crank throw crankshaft structure schematic diagram.
Sequence number in upper figure: heater 1, hot chamber 2, hot piston 3, seal ring 4, cold piston 5, coolant jacket 6, body-sealing 7, cold connecting rod 8, hot connecting rod 9, magnetic driver 10, generator 11, three crank throw bent axle 12, cold rod journal 1201, hot rod journal 1202, crank throw dish 1203, three crank throw main shaft 1204, gas-charging connection 13, buffer cavity 14, hot straight rod piston 15, cold straight rod piston 16, cold piston packing ring 17, cold chamber 18, regenerator 19, thermal-protective coating 20, cylinder block 21.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention is further described.
See Fig. 1, the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives comprises heater 1, cylinder block 21, piston, linkage mechanism, bent axle 12, body 7, magnetic driver 10 and generator 11.
The top of cylinder block 21 is hot chamber 2, and bottom is cold chamber 18; Heater 1 is fixedly installed on hot chamber 2, and the outside in cold chamber 18 is provided with coolant jacket 6, and coolant jacket 6 is cylindrical tube, and its external cylindrical surface is fin.Cylinder block 21 inwall between heater 1 and coolant jacket 6 is provided with regenerator 19, regenerator 19 is cylindrical tube, uniformly vertically on external cylindrical surface offer groove, between groove uniform on regenerator 19 and cylinder block 21 inwall, form gas channel, see Fig. 2.Piston is divided into hot piston 3 and cold piston 5, and hot piston 3 is coaxially positioned at the top of cold piston 5, and correspond to heater 1; Heater 1, cylinder block 21, hot piston 3, cold piston 5 and regenerator 19 form heating power mechanism.
Linkage mechanism comprises a hot connecting rod 9 and two cold connecting rods 8; See Fig. 3, bent axle 12 is three crank throw bent axles, and wherein two ends are main journal 1204, and middle part is hot rod journal 1202, and the both sides of hot rod journal 1202 are connected to cold rod journal 1201 respectively by crank throw dish, and the cold rod journal 1201 of both sides is coaxial; Main journal 1204 is connected to respectively by crank throw dish outside the cold rod journal 1201 of both sides; Described hot rod journal 1202 is 90 degree with the crank angle difference of described cold rod journal 1201; Linkage mechanism and bent axle form three crank throw crank mechanisms.
The axis middle part of cold piston 5 offers through hole, and hot straight rod piston 15 is through this through hole; Between hot straight rod piston 15 and cold piston 5, seal ring 4 is installed; Hot straight rod piston 15 upper end is connected with hot piston 3, and lower end is connected with the upper end of hot connecting rod 9; The lower end of hot connecting rod 9 is connected to the hot rod journal 1202 of bent axle; Two cold straight rod piston 16 upper ends are connected with cold piston 5, and lower end respectively connecting rod 8 cold with two is connected; The lower end of two cold connecting rods 8 respectively connected two cold rod journals 1201 of three crank throw bent axles 12.
The lower end of cylinder block 21 is communicated with body; Body is Seal cage, and the tubulose in inverted T-shaped is respectively upright cavity and horizontal cavity; Upright cavity is buffer cavity 14, and buffer cavity 14 is communicated with the lower end of cylinder block 21; The main journal 1204 at bent axle 12 two ends is installed in horizontal cavity by bearing; The main journal 1204 of bent axle 12 one end is connected to generator 11 by magnetic driver 10; Magnetic driver 10 is plane magnetic coupling, is made up of two-part, and one partial fixing is connected in bent axle 12 one end, rotates with crankshaft-synchronous, and another part is fixedly connected generator 11, and the body corresponding with bent axle 12 the other end is provided with gas-charging connection 13.
The converting heat of suction is the mechanical work to cold piston 5 by heater 1, realizes the periodic duty of β type Stirling engine.
Working principle of the present invention is as follows:
Gas working medium is at heater 1, hot chamber 2, regenerator 19, cold chamber 18 Inner eycle.After gas working medium absorbs outside heat in heater 1, temperature raises and expands, and promotes hot piston 3 on the one hand descending, and hot chamber 2 volume is increased, and high temperature refrigerant flows into cold chamber 18 by the groove on regenerator 19 on the other hand.Hot piston 3 also claims gas distribution piston, because its upper and lower end pressure is consistent, does not have the exchange of merit amount with the external world.Regenerator 19 is built in cylinder block 21 top, and around hot piston 3, gas working medium can carry out heat release, heat absorption by the groove on regenerator 19 is alternately descending, up.It is descending that the pressurized gas working medium entered behind cold chamber 18 promotes cold piston 5, and driving crank linkage mechanism externally exports mechanical work.In the descending process of cold piston 5, working medium is dispelled the heat to external world by coolant jacket 6 in cold chamber 18, and temperature reduces.Cold piston 5 is to up after bottom dead center, and the working medium promoted in cold chamber 18 is got back in hot chamber 2 by regenerator 19 heat absorption and also again absorbed heat by heater 1.
The mechanic that crankshaft & connecting obtains externally is exported by magnetic driver 10.Magnetic driver 10 adopts plane magnetic coupling form, be made up of two-part, its part is arranged on one end of three crank throw main shafts, rotate with crankshaft-synchronous, another part is connected with crankcase external generator 11, crankshaft rotating motion in body contactlessly can be delivered to outside engine body, make generator 11 carry out power generation operation.
The present invention adopts coolant jacket Air flow.If the present invention is used for powerful device, also water-cooled pipe type cooler can be adopted.

Claims (7)

1. the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives, comprises heater (1), cylinder block (21), piston, linkage mechanism, bent axle (12), body (7), magnetic driver (10) and generator (11), it is characterized in that:
The top of described cylinder block (21) is hot chamber (2), and bottom is cold chamber (18); Described heater (1) is located on hot chamber (2), the outside of described cold chamber (18) is arranged with coolant jacket (6), cylinder block (21) inwall between described heater (1) and coolant jacket (6) is provided with regenerator (19), and forms gas channel between regenerator (19) and cylinder block (21) inwall; Described piston is divided into hot piston (3) and cold piston (5), and hot piston (3) is coaxially positioned at the top of cold piston (5), and correspond to heater (1); Described heater (1), cylinder block (21), hot piston (3), cold piston (5) and regenerator (19) form heating power mechanism;
Described linkage mechanism comprises a hot connecting rod (9) and two cold connecting rods (8); Described bent axle (12) is three crank throw bent axles, and wherein two ends are main journal (1204), and three crank throws at middle part are respectively a hot rod journal (1202) and two cold rod journals (1201); Described linkage mechanism and bent axle form three crank throw crank mechanisms;
The lower end of cylinder block (21) is communicated with body, and body is Seal cage; The main journal (1204) at described bent axle (12) two ends is located in buffer cavity (14) by bearing; The main journal (1204) of bent axle (12) one end is connected to generator (11) by magnetic driver (10); The body corresponding with bent axle (12) the other end is provided with gas-charging connection (13);
The converting heat sucked is the mechanical work to cold piston (5) by described heater (1), realizes the periodic duty of β type Stirling engine.
2. the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described coolant jacket (6) is cylindrical tube, its external cylindrical surface is fin.
3. the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described regenerator (19) is cylindrical tube, uniformly vertically on external cylindrical surface offer groove, regenerator (19) is upper forms gas channel between uniform groove and cylinder block (21) inwall.
4. the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the axis middle part of described cold piston (5) is provided with through hole, and hot straight rod piston (15) is through this through hole; Seal ring (4) is provided with between hot straight rod piston (15) and cold piston (5); Hot straight rod piston (15) upper end is connected with hot piston (3), and lower end is connected with the upper end of hot connecting rod (9); The lower end of hot connecting rod (9) is connected to the hot rod journal (1202) of bent axle; Two cold straight rod piston (16) upper ends are connected with cold piston (5), and lower end is connected with two cold connecting rods (8) respectively; The lower end of two cold connecting rods (8) respectively connected two cold rod journals (1201) of three crank throw bent axles (12).
5. the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the middle part of described three crank throw bent axles is hot rod journal (1202), the both sides of hot rod journal (1202) are connected to cold rod journal (1201) respectively by crank throw dish, and the cold rod journal (1201) of both sides is coaxial; Cold rod journal (1201) outside of both sides is connected to main journal (1204) respectively by crank throw dish; Described hot rod journal (1202) is 90 degree with the crank angle difference of described cold rod journal (1201).
6. the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described body is the tubulose of inverted T-shaped, is respectively upright cavity and horizontal cavity; Upright cavity is buffer cavity (14), and buffer cavity (14) is communicated with the lower end of cylinder block (21); The main journal (1204) at described bent axle (12) two ends is located in horizontal cavity by bearing.
7. the β type Stirling engine of three crank throw bent axle magnetic drives according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described magnetic driver (10) is plane magnetic coupling, be made up of two-part, one partial fixing is connected in bent axle (12) one end, rotate with crankshaft-synchronous, another part is fixedly connected generator (11), the rotary motion of bent axle (12) is contactlessly outwards transmitted, and makes generator (11) carry out power generation operation.
CN201510180581.6A 2015-04-17 2015-04-17 Beta-type Stirling engine with three-crank crankshaft for magnetic driving Pending CN104806376A (en)

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CN201510180581.6A CN104806376A (en) 2015-04-17 2015-04-17 Beta-type Stirling engine with three-crank crankshaft for magnetic driving

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CN201510180581.6A CN104806376A (en) 2015-04-17 2015-04-17 Beta-type Stirling engine with three-crank crankshaft for magnetic driving

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105570952A (en) * 2016-02-28 2016-05-11 北京工业大学 Thermal energy smoke exhaust ventilator
CN109915279A (en) * 2019-04-13 2019-06-21 天津启星动力科技有限公司 Star-like semi-free piston revolving cylinder engine magnetic linkage combining form
CN109931135A (en) * 2019-03-25 2019-06-25 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of exhaust heat of internal combustion engine gradient utilization system
CN112343730A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-09 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 Horizontal opposed U-shaped low-vibration heat engine transmission mechanism and heat engine

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105570952A (en) * 2016-02-28 2016-05-11 北京工业大学 Thermal energy smoke exhaust ventilator
CN109931135A (en) * 2019-03-25 2019-06-25 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of exhaust heat of internal combustion engine gradient utilization system
CN109915279A (en) * 2019-04-13 2019-06-21 天津启星动力科技有限公司 Star-like semi-free piston revolving cylinder engine magnetic linkage combining form
CN112343730A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-09 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 Horizontal opposed U-shaped low-vibration heat engine transmission mechanism and heat engine
CN112343730B (en) * 2020-11-03 2023-08-29 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 Horizontally opposed U-shaped low-vibration hot air engine transmission mechanism and hot air engine

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Application publication date: 20150729