CN103908241A - Method and device for sleep and breathing detection - Google Patents
Method and device for sleep and breathing detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN103908241A CN103908241A CN201210593523.2A CN201210593523A CN103908241A CN 103908241 A CN103908241 A CN 103908241A CN 201210593523 A CN201210593523 A CN 201210593523A CN 103908241 A CN103908241 A CN 103908241A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for sleep and breathing detection. The device merges an RLD electrode to an RA electrode and an LA electrode which are used for collecting an ECG, high-frequency differential signals required for breathing collection are modified to the RA electrode and the LA electrode, and human body breathing and electrocardiogram signals are simultaneously obtained through the minimum electrodes through multiplexing electrodes. Collection of ECG signals and breathing signals can be simultaneously achieved by the less electrodes, usability of the device is improved, and user experience is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biosensor technical field, be specifically related to a kind of sleep and respiration detection method, device.
Background technology
Along with mobile communication, body sense net, the development of sensor new and high technology, mobile healthy this technical field more and more demonstrates wide market prospect.In mobile healthy application, user gathers as the physiological signal of the human bodies such as blood pressure, blood oxygen, heart rate automatically by wearable various biosensors, and is sent to user's hands machine by short-distance wireless communication; User mobile phone carries out analyzing and processing for the physiology signal receiving, or also can further data be arrived to data center's (server) of long-range health medical treatment service provider by 3G wireless network transmissions; Realization utilizes cell-phone customer terminal or remote health medical server to carry out the judgement to User Activity and health states, and result is sent to professional medical mechanism (as: hospital) and user's relatives.
2007, the health and fitness information report that ministry of Health of China is issued showed, the nearly 300,000,000 people's insomnias of China, and potential sleep-respiratory syndrome (SAS) patient approximately has 5,000 ten thousand, and medical rate is less than 1%.Every night in sleep in 7 hours the above or asphyxia per hour of asphyxia 30 times just can to regard as above for 5 times are sleep-respiratory syndromes, and can cause or aggravate hypertension, apoplexy, obstructive heart failure; Insomnia and dreamful sleep and daytime are drowsiness, and focus, cognitive competence decline; Emotional lability, rattiness, cause mental sickness indirectly.
Sleep and breathing situation are guarded, can effectively monitor and control advancing of disease, but most people's thinking little of sleeping problems; Hospital's sleep monitor resource (berth) is limited, and often a difficulty is asked; Sleep environment changes introduces many other interference, and these problems all make to sleep and respiratory disorder is gone to a doctor, and rate is low.
Therefore, the demand of carrying out self-sleep monitor in comfortable family is very strong, but existing sleeping device mainly concentrates on hospital, expensive and use inconvenience.Therefore, develop cheap, reliable in function and miniaturization, the sleep-respiratory equipment that is applicable to domestic is necessary very much.
The gone on the market sleep monitor device " Sleep Scan " of matt-like of Japan's Paribas (TANITA), uses for being layered on below mattress and bedding.The sign data of measuring is breathing, pulse and the body action in sleep.Mat adopts is close to the structure of many pipes, water abrim in pipe.Its operation principle is, the weak vibration that the water in pipe causes the breathing in sleep and pulse and body be moving catches and pass to pressure transducer.The moving mixed information of breathing, pulse and body that sensor is sent out, is decomposed with signal processing circuit, and information is divided into the moving three kinds of data output of breathing, pulse and body.The data of output are kept in SD card, analyze with computer special-purpose software.
The ActiSleep Sleep-Monitoring solution that Actigraph company releases, and the sleep monitor class health-oriented products such as FitBit, Lark, by the action message between wrist carried accelerometer monitoring human sleep period, thereby further analyze sleep state.Can be used for screening potential sleep disorder, and the value of assessment treatment.Advantage: equipment is simple, cost is low, acquisition mode on sleep impact little, shortcoming: can only distinguish awake/sleep, can not distinguish REM/NREM, can not analyze asphyxia situation.
The mode of safe medical system company's employing monitoring nose air-flow and blood oxygen is carried out sleep breath monitoring.Judge whether to occur asphyxia or low ventilation according to the variation of the amplitude of nose air-flow and blood oxygen concentration.Advantage is directly to utilize breath signal to analyze respiration case, and shortcoming is that gatherer process is uncomfortable.
The sleep monitor product utilization headbands of Zeo etc. load electrode at brain and obtain brain wave, can analyze sound sleep/shallow sleeping/awake sleep basic structure, although accuracy rate is high, it is not too convenient to wear.
Sleep monitor product utilization heart rate band monitoring sound sleep/shallow sleeping/awake sleep basic structure of Human Record although can monitor ECG, cannot be monitored breath signal simultaneously, can not analyze asphyxia situation.
Prior art does not possess the synchronous acquisition that only just simultaneously realizes breathing and electrocardiogram (ECG) data by 2 electrodes, mostly needs to gather with different modes, and user need to wear multiple conducting wires or suction nozzle, and user experiences poor, and easily come off night, uses inconvenient.
Although existing employing rhythm of the heart belt ECG acquisition mode is worn conveniently, portable, everyone xerosis cutis degree difference, contact impedance difference, the ECG signal magnitude difference that causes Portable sleep checkout equipment to gather, easily causes erroneous judgement, must have automatic gain control.The single gain of the feedback adjustment by signal amplitude is inaccurate, body movement meeting interference signal amplitude in bed, cause the mistake of adaptive gain control, for example, in sleep, unconscious standing up all can make the ECG signal gathering have significantly interference, and this artifacts will disappear after static, if only the size of the number of trusting reduces gain control, will certainly make gain control make existing mistake, make normal ECG signal gets too small, signal quality is excessively poor, impact analysis result.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of sleep and respiration detection method, device, can realize with less number of electrodes the collection of ECG signal and breath signal simultaneously, improves the ease for use of device, improves user's experience.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides scheme as follows:
A kind of sleep and respiration detection method, the method comprises:
Gather the analog electrical signal of electrocardio ECG and the analog electrical signal of breath signal that obtain experimenter;
Monitoring experimenter's attitude changes and obtains experimenter's acceleration of motion data;
The analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is carried out low noise amplification processing and is converted into ECG signal and the breath signal of digital signal;
ECG signal, breath signal and the pretreatment of acceleration of motion data analysis and feature extraction to digital signal, obtain and preserve sleep and breath data;
Wherein, described low noise amplification processing comprises:
According to the ECG signal of digital signal, signal calculated performance figure and signal intensity index;
According to described acceleration of motion data, calculate experimenter's exercise index;
According to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, and carry out the optimum of described low noise amplification processing to make signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately according to described feedback signal.
Preferably, in said method, described according to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, and carry out the optimum of described low noise amplification processing to make signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately according to described feedback signal, specifically comprise:
The state machine that gain control is set is initially in waiting state, and in the time that exercise index is indicated experimenter in active state, controlled state organizational security is held waiting state;
In the time that exercise index indication experimenter remains static: if signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is less than its peaked (k-2)/k, controlled state machine enters increase gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module increases gain according to default step-length; If signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is greater than its peaked (k-1)/k, and controlled state machine enters reduction gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module reduces and gains according to default step-length; In the time that signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, controlled state machine enters lock-out state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module keeps current gain constant;
When RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-2)/k, and while being less than its peaked (k-1)/k, if SQI is less than threshold value T, controlled state machine enters waiting state, no longer carries out gain modifications;
When the value of RSSI is greater than its historical record value, controlled state machine is jumped out from lock-out state, upgrades the maximum of RSSI, then enters initial waiting state, re-starts gain adjustment, until lock-out state,
Wherein, k is the judgement coefficient setting in advance.
Preferably, in said method, described collection obtains experimenter's the analog electrical signal of electrocardio ECG and the analog electrical signal of breath signal, comprising:
The right lower limb that ECG is gathered drives RLD electrode to merge on the RA electrode and LA electrode of electrocardio ECG collection, and respiration measurement electrode is multiplexed on the RA electrode and LA electrode of ECG collection;
Obtain the experimenter's who collects on RA electrode and LA electrode ECG signal and carry out low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output ECG, carries out low-pass filtering to the breath signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode, the analog electrical signal of output breath signal.
Preferably, in said method, also comprise:
Send the sleep and the breath data that obtain by wireless mode; And,
Meeting when pre-conditioned wireless communication module described in dormancy.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of sleep and device for detecting respiratory, draws together:
Electrode merges module, for only gather experimenter's electrocardio ECG signal by right limb RA electrode and left limb LA electrode, and drives RLD electrode to merge on the RA electrode and LA electrode of ECG collection, to suppress the common mode disturbances of RA signal and LA signal right lower limb;
ECG processing module, for the ECG signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode is carried out to low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output ECG;
Breathe processing module, the RA electrode and the LA electrode that gather for respiration measurement electrode being multiplexed into ECG, and the breath signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode is carried out to low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output breath signal;
Electrocardio Breath collection module, for according to the feedback signal that receives, to the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing carry out low noise amplification and be converted into the ECG signal of digital signal and breath signal after export;
Motion detection block, changes and output movement acceleration information for the attitude of monitoring experimenter;
Processor, for the ECG signal to digital signal, breath signal and the pretreatment of acceleration of motion data analysis and feature extraction, obtains and preserves sleep and breath data; And, according to the ECG signal of digital signal, signal calculated performance figure and signal intensity index; According to described acceleration of motion data, calculate experimenter's exercise index; According to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal of controlling for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and feed back to described electrocardio Breath collection module, with the optimum that makes signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately.
Preferably, in said apparatus, also comprise:
Wireless communication module, for sleep and the breath data obtained by wireless mode sending processor;
Energy supply control module, for power management is provided, meeting when pre-conditioned wireless communication module described in dormancy.
Preferably, in said apparatus, described electrode merges module and comprises:
RLD electrode, low-pass filter circuit, RA electrode and LA electrode, wherein,
Described RLD electrode is connected to the input of a low-pass filter circuit, and the outfan of described low-pass filter circuit is connected to RA electrode by the first resistance, be connected to LA electrode by the second resistance, wherein the resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance is the body surface resistance value obtaining in advance.
Preferably, in said apparatus, described breathing processing module comprises:
Two differential signal inputs, wherein,
A differential signal input is connected to LA electrode by the first resistance, the first electric capacity and second electric capacity of series connection, and be separately provided with one the 3rd electric capacity, its one end is connected between the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity, and the other end is connected to respectively a mu balanced circuit and the respiration measurement electrode IN1N_RESPP as output;
Another differential signal input is connected to RA electrode by the second resistance, the 4th electric capacity and the 5th electric capacity of series connection, and be separately provided with one the 6th electric capacity, its one end is connected between the 4th electric capacity and the 5th electric capacity, and the other end is connected to respectively another mu balanced circuit and the respiration measurement electrode IN1N_RESPN as output.
Preferably, in said apparatus, described processor comprises:
Signal quality computing module, for the ECG signal of exporting according to electrocardio Breath collection module, signal calculated performance figure;
Signal intensity calculates module, for the ECG signal of exporting according to electrocardio Breath collection module, signal calculated intensity index;
Kinestate sort module, for according to the acceleration of motion data of motion detection block output, calculates experimenter's exercise index;
Automatic gain control module, be used for according to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, feedback signal to described electrocardio Breath collection module feedback for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, with the optimum that makes signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately.
Preferably, in said apparatus,
Described automatic gain control module, specifically for:
The state machine that gain control is set is initially in waiting state, and in the time that exercise index is indicated experimenter in active state, controlled state organizational security is held waiting state;
In the time that exercise index indication experimenter remains static: if signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is less than its peaked (k-2)/k, controlled state machine enters increase gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module increases gain according to default step-length; If signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is greater than its peaked (k-1)/k, and controlled state machine enters reduction gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module reduces and gains according to default step-length; In the time that signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, controlled state machine enters lock-out state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module keeps current gain constant;
When RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-2)/k, and while being less than its peaked (k-1)/k, if SQI is less than threshold value T, controlled state machine enters waiting state, no longer carries out gain modifications;
When the value of RSSI is greater than its historical record value, controlled state machine is jumped out from lock-out state, upgrades the maximum of RSSI, then enters initial waiting state, re-starts gain adjustment, until lock-out state;
Wherein, k represents the judgement coefficient setting in advance.
Can find out from the above, the sleep that the embodiment of the present invention provides and respiration detection method, device, RLD electrode can be merged to the RA that gathers ECG, on LA electrode, the differential signal of the high frequency that Breath collection can be needed is modulated to RA, on LA electrode, by multiplexing electrode, obtain human body respiration and electrocardiosignal with minimum electrode simultaneously, for sleep quality and apneic analysis, having solved traditional acquisition mode needs that conducting wire is more, inconvenient problem with use, has good user and experiences, and wears more comfortable.And, the embodiment of the present invention can also be based on signal quality index and multimode analysis signal automatic gain control processing, automatically by analytic signal performance figure, signal intensity index also utilizes acceleration to judge the active situation of human body, signal is carried out to self adaptation amplification, be applicable to various users, solve the different problem of signal magnitude causing due to user's xerosis cutis degree difference, compare the method for the single gain of the feedback adjustment by signal amplitude, capacity of resisting disturbance is strong, not being subject to stand up the gain control causing in sleep procedure disturbs, and judging after no signal, no longer carry out gain modifications, avoid gain to control and cannot lock the unsettled problem of gain that causes collecting device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The sleep that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the structural representation of device for detecting respiratory;
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit hardware structural representation that in the embodiment of the present invention, electrode merges module;
Fig. 3 is a part of circuit diagram of breathing processing module in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is another part circuit diagram of breathing processing module in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of module diagram of processor in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the algorithm state transition diagram of automatic gain control in the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of sleep and device for detecting respiratory, and two electrodes that can pass through gather ECG and breath signal simultaneously, and possess storage, analysis, wireless transmission capability, can be used for analyzing Sleep architecture and asphyxia situation.
The module map that please refer to this device that the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 provides, specifically comprises:
Electrode merges module, for only gather experimenter's electrocardio ECG signal by right limb RA electrode and left limb LA electrode, and drives RLD electrode to merge on the RA electrode and LA electrode of ECG collection, to suppress the common mode disturbances of RA signal and LA signal right lower limb.
ECG processing module, for the ECG signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode is carried out to low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output ECG.
Breathe processing module, the RA electrode and the LA electrode that gather for respiration measurement electrode being multiplexed into ECG, and the breath signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode is carried out to low-pass filtering to reduce power frequency and myoelectricity noise, the analog electrical signal that output is breathed.
Electrocardio Breath collection module, for according to the feedback signal that receives, to the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing carry out low noise amplification and be converted into the ECG signal of digital signal and breath signal after export.
Motion detection block, changes and output movement acceleration information for the attitude of monitoring experimenter.Concrete, can monitor the attitude in experimenter's sleep procedure by acceleration transducer.
Processor, controls other modules, for the ECG signal to digital signal, breath signal and the pretreatment of acceleration of motion data analysis and feature extraction, obtains and preserve sleep and breath data; And, according to the ECG signal of digital signal, signal calculated performance figure and signal intensity index; According to described acceleration of motion data, calculate experimenter's exercise index; According to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal of controlling for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and feed back to described electrocardio Breath collection module, with the optimum that makes signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately.
Wireless communication module, for sleep and the breath data obtained by wireless mode sending processor.
Energy supply control module, for power management is provided, meeting when pre-conditioned wireless communication module described in dormancy.
Device shown in Fig. 1 can also comprise key-press module, and this key-press module is connected with energy supply control module.
Can find out from above structure, the embodiment of the present invention has only realized the synchronous acquisition of breath signal and ECG signal by RA and two electrodes of LA, thereby can reduce the required number of electrodes of harvester, facilitates user to wear, improve the ease for use of device, improved user's experience.
Again by reference to the accompanying drawings, main modular is described in further detail below.
The electrode of the embodiment of the present invention merges module and specifically can comprise:
RLD electrode, low-pass filter circuit, RA electrode and LA electrode, wherein, described RLD electrode is connected to the input of a low-pass filter circuit, and the outfan of described low-pass filter circuit is connected to RA electrode by the first resistance, be connected to LA electrode by the second resistance, wherein the resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance is the body surface resistance value obtaining in advance.
Fig. 2 provides electrode to merge a kind of circuit hardware structure of module, this structure has adopted unique front end circuit design, realized ECG is gathered in essential right lower limb drive the ECG_RL in RLD(Fig. 2) electrode feeds back on RA and LA electrode, can reduce number of electrodes, makes to wear more convenient.Wherein R9 and R1 adopt the resistance of high-precision similar resistance, and choose the resistance approaching with body surface resistance, guarantee RLD with same magnitude feed back to RA, LA electrode (in Fig. 2 _ RA and _ LA), make the common mode inhibition best results to RA, LA, and effect is identical with the effect that electrode is directly connected to human body, in reducing RLD electrode, signal quality and certainty of measurement are guaranteed.Resistance R 13, R14, capacitor C 15, C16 form a low pass filter, and the industrial frequency noise in signal is carried out to filtering, improve signal quality.In Fig. 2, also indicated pin one and the pin two of each electrical equipment, in Fig. 2, resistance R 4 does not connect.The example that gives the design parameter of resistance and electric capacity in Fig. 2, the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, a kind of physical circuit of the breathing processing module that the embodiment of the present invention provides is realized, and comprising:
Two differential signal inputs (RESP_MODP in Fig. 3 and RESP_MODN), for receiving differential signal RESP_MODP and the RESP_MODN of high frequency.Wherein, a differential signal input (RESP_MODP in Fig. 3) is connected to LA electrode (ELEC_LA in Fig. 3) by the first resistance R 37, the first capacitor C 42 and second capacitor C 50 of series connection, and be separately provided with one the 3rd capacitor C 1, its one end is connected between the first capacitor C 42 and the second capacitor C 50, and the other end is connected to respectively a mu balanced circuit and the respiration measurement electrode IN1N_RESPP as output.Here, mu balanced circuit comprises two the series resistance R45 and the R66 that are connected to power end, and the other end of the 3rd capacitor C 1 is connected between two series resistance R45 and R66.Another differential signal input (RESP_MODN in Fig. 3) is connected to RA electrode by the second resistance R 38, the 4th electric capacity and the 5th electric capacity of series connection, and be separately provided with one the 6th electric capacity, its one end is connected between the 4th electric capacity and the 5th electric capacity, and the other end is connected to respectively another mu balanced circuit and the respiration measurement electrode IN1N_RESPN as output.In Fig. 3, also indicated pin one and the pin two of each electrical equipment, in Fig. 3, resistance R 80 and R81 are 0 ohm.The example that gives the design parameter of resistance and electric capacity in Fig. 3, the present invention is not limited thereto.
Circuit in Fig. 3,4, can be modulated to RA by differential signal RESP_MODP and the RESP_MODN of high frequency, and LA electrode (ELEC_LA, ELEC_RA) is upper, and obtains human body respiration signal by multiplexing RA, LA electrode.While moving due to human body respiration, thoracic wall muscle alternation tension and relaxation, thorax is also alternately out of shape the variation that causes thoracic cavity volume, being varied to direct ratio thereby causing breast impedance variation due to impedance variation and volume, this variation can be passed through RA, LA electrode and high frequency difference frequency sub-signal RESP_MODP and RESP_MODN modulate, then pass on respiration measurement electrode IN1N_RESPP and IN1N_RESPN, wherein C1, C50, C42, C58, C60, C59 is for the DC component of filtered signal, R45, R66, R74, R79 is used for stable output signal in 1.6V left and right, to facilitate collection.
By the device of above illustrated multiplexing ECG electrode, the embodiment of the present invention can effectively reduce the quantity of the electrode of access human body, meets the application needs of Portable acquiring equipment, makes to wear and gathers more convenient.Signal quality synchronous breathing, ECG signal is preferably provided simultaneously, makes equipment to carry out synchronous monitoring to asphyxia, heart condition in user's sleep procedure.
As shown in Figure 5, a kind of module map of the processor that the embodiment of the present invention provides, specifically comprises:
Signal quality computing module, for the ECG signal of exporting according to electrocardio Breath collection module, signal calculated performance figure;
Signal intensity calculates module, for the ECG signal of exporting according to electrocardio Breath collection module, signal calculated intensity index;
Kinestate sort module, for according to the acceleration of motion data of motion detection block output, calculates experimenter's exercise index;
Automatic gain control module, be used for according to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, feedback signal to described electrocardio Breath collection module feedback for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, with the optimum that makes signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately.
Automatic gain control module in Fig. 5, specifically for:
The state machine that gain control is set is initially in waiting state, and in the time that exercise index is indicated experimenter in active state, controlled state organizational security is held waiting state;
In the time that exercise index indication experimenter remains static: if signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is less than its peaked (k-2)/k, controlled state machine enters increase gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module increases gain according to default step-length; If signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is greater than its peaked (k-1)/k, and controlled state machine enters reduction gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module reduces and gains according to default step-length; In the time that signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, controlled state machine enters lock-out state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module keeps current gain constant;
When RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-2)/k, and while being less than its peaked (k-1)/k, if SQI is less than threshold value T, controlled state machine enters waiting state, no longer carries out gain modifications;
When the value of RSSI is greater than its historical record value, controlled state machine is jumped out from lock-out state, upgrades the maximum of RSSI, then enters initial waiting state, re-starts gain adjustment, until lock-out state.
Automatic gain control module in Fig. 5 has realized the automatic gain control to ECG signal.The ECG signal that processor gathers according to electrocardio Breath collection module, calculate respectively signal quality index SQI and signal intensity index RSSI, the acceleration of motion signal simultaneously gathering by motion detection block, calculate the exercise index Movement of human body active state, then in automatic gain control module, calculate the size of gain G ain needing, feed back to the control that gains of electrocardio Breath collection module.
Can find out, said structure, based on signal quality index SQI, signal intensity RSSI and the gain of human motion index M ovement composite control signal, utilizes SQI to carry out gauge signal and whether is amplified to best multiple, to make signal quality be tending towards best; Utilize Movement to judge that human body is unconscious in sleep and stand up action, get rid of the mistake of disturbing the signal gain control causing because of action; Utilize the gain of RSSI gauge signal whether signal intensity to be controlled in a rational scope, can not cause the saturated and signal quality of signal to decline because gain is excessive, can not cause that signal amplitude is too little be can't detect because gain is too small yet, the threshold value of the gain control of synchronous signal is to carry out adaptive change according to the maximum of RSSI, greatly improves the environmental suitability of control algolithm.
Fig. 6 has further provided the algorithm state transition diagram of the automatic gain control based on multi-modal signal of the embodiment of the present invention.In gain control process, there are four kinds of states: waiting state, lock-out state, increase gain-state, the gain-state that reduces.The parameter that impact gain is controlled mainly contains:
SQI: signal quality index, weigh the fine or not index of measures signal quality according to some feature of signal.For example, frequency spectrum, Fourth-order moment, the amplitude of normal ECG signal are to be distributed in a more fixing scope, if these features of the signal collecting have exceeded the scope of normal ECG signal, can assert that the signal of collection does not reach the signal quality of normal ECG signal, SQI index will be lower, ungratified feature is more, SQI is lower, using a general level threshold value T as gauge signal quality threshold value whether up to standard, weigh the signal quality of acquired signal with this, and an index of controlling as gain.This level threshold value T is according to all data that gather in advance to medical science ECG data storehouse, calculates its feature, and adds up judgement based on this feature, the standard value of the measurement human body electrocardio figure signal quality obtaining.In the embodiment of the present invention, all experimenters' electrocardiogram is all based on this level threshold value, and this threshold value has universality.
RSSI: signal intensity index, according to the average signal strength of the sliding window Integral Estimation acquired signal of acquired signal, is used as an index of automatic gain control.
Movement: the exercise index of human body, obtain according to acceleration of motion sensor human body wearable device time acceleration signal, calculate the vector of 3-axis acceleration data, and by the algorithm of classification of motions, obtain the motion conditions of human body, Movement=1 represents that human body has larger standing up and stand up activity, and movement=0 indicates, without significantly standing up and standing up activity, to be used as an index of automatic gain control.
In the zero hour of data acquisition, gain uses as default, and controlled state machine is in waiting state.Under any state, if Movement=1, state machine all will enter waiting state, can not revise gain, until physical activity finishes.While remaining static (Movement=0), just start according to the correlated condition control that gains.
When static (Movement=0), under any state, when SQI is less than threshold value T, and RSSI is less than its peaked (k-2)/k, think that the signal quality causing is poor because gain is too small, enter increase gain-state from current state, gain multiple adds 1; Under any state, when SQI is less than threshold value T and RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-1)/k, think that the signal causing is saturated, second-rate, enters reduction gain-state from current state because gain is excessive, gain multiple subtracts 1; Under any state, when SQI is greater than T, think that signal quality is better, now state machine enters lock-out state;
Wherein, k represents the judgement coefficient that user sets in advance.This judgement coefficient can be arranged according to the effect of amplifying flexibly by user, for example, in the time that amplification effect does not meet expection, by tuning up or reducing this coefficient, and judge whether the amplification effect of adjusting after coefficient is tending towards expection, so until amplification effect while reaching expection, using the k value finally obtaining as final judgement coefficient.
When RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-2)/k, and while being less than its peaked (k-1)/k, if now SQI is less than threshold value T, think that gain is in relatively reasonably big or small, but may be the no signal that comes off and cause owing to wearing, cannot control to improve signal quality by gain, therefore state machine enters waiting state, no longer carry out gain modifications, until there is signal.Can avoid like this because the gain control that no signal causes cannot lock always, and make the gain control of collecting device unstable, also can reduce control overhead.
When the value of RSSI is greater than its historical record value, state machine will be jumped out from lock-out state, and analog value is deposited in to maximum value register, and then state machine enters initial waiting state, re-starting gain adjustment, until lock-out state.In addition,, before gain decision threshold is done to self adaptation adjustment, thresholding initial value, gain initial value all can be set voluntarily by user, and system can be applicable under multiple communication environment according to demand.
As a kind of preferred implementation, it is all to continue to meet under correlated condition in continuous 5 seconds that above every next state is switched, and just carries out state conversion, with the stability that guarantees that gain is controlled, avoids instantaneous disturbance to cause gain to control mistake.
Based on above device, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of sleep and respiration detection method, comprises the following steps:
Step 71, gathers the analog electrical signal of electrocardio ECG and the analog electrical signal of breath signal that obtain experimenter.
Concrete, the right lower limb that ECG can be gathered drives RLD electrode to merge on the RA electrode and LA electrode of electrocardio ECG collection, and respiration measurement electrode is multiplexed on the RA electrode and LA electrode of ECG collection; Then, obtain the experimenter's who collects on RA electrode and LA electrode ECG signal and carry out low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output ECG, carries out low-pass filtering to the breath signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode, the analog electrical signal that output is breathed
Step 72, monitoring experimenter's attitude changes and obtains experimenter's acceleration of motion data.
Concrete, can obtain above-mentioned acceleration of motion data by acceleration transducer.
Step 73, carries out low noise amplification processing and is converted into ECG signal and the breath signal of digital signal the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing.
Step 74, ECG signal, breath signal and the pretreatment of acceleration of motion data analysis and feature extraction to digital signal, obtain and preserve sleep and breath data.
Here, the low noise amplification in above-mentioned steps 73 is processed and is specifically comprised:
Step 731, according to the ECG signal of digital signal, signal calculated performance figure and signal intensity index;
Step 732, according to described acceleration of motion data, calculates experimenter's exercise index;
Step 733, according to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, and carry out the optimum of described low noise amplification processing to make signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately according to described feedback signal.
Said method can also comprise the following steps:
The sleep of obtaining by wireless mode sending processor and breath data; And,
Meeting when pre-conditioned wireless communication module described in dormancy.
In above-mentioned steps 731, the amplification of the analog electrical signal to ECG and the breathing control that gains, specifically can comprise again:
The state machine that gain control is set is initially in waiting state, and in the time that exercise index is indicated experimenter in active state, controlled state organizational security is held waiting state;
In the time that exercise index indication experimenter remains static: if signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is less than its peaked (k-2)/k, controlled state machine enters increase gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module increases gain according to default step-length; If signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is greater than its peaked (k-1)/k, and controlled state machine enters reduction gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module reduces and gains according to default step-length; In the time that signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, controlled state machine enters lock-out state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module keeps current gain constant;
When RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-2)/k, and while being less than its peaked (k-1)/k, if SQI is less than threshold value T, controlled state machine enters waiting state, no longer carries out gain modifications;
When the value of RSSI is greater than its historical record value, controlled state machine is jumped out from lock-out state, upgrades the maximum of RSSI, then enters initial waiting state, re-starts gain adjustment, until lock-out state.
To sum up, it is stronger to the demand of portable household sleep monitor equipment that the embodiment of the present invention can solve existing market, but existing portable household sleep monitor product have wear uncomfortable, can not by 2 electrodes gather simultaneously breathe and electrocardio analyze sleep, the more inconvenient problem with use of conducting wire, two electrodes that can only pass through gather ECG and breath signal simultaneously, and possess storage, analysis, wireless transmission capability, can be used for analyzing Sleep architecture and asphyxia situation.And the signal automatic gain control method that the embodiment of the present invention can also be based on signal quality index and multimode analysis, automatically by analytic signal performance figure, and utilizes acceleration to judge the active situation of human body, and signal is carried out to self adaptation amplification.Be applicable to various users, capacity of resisting disturbance is strong simultaneously.
The above is only embodiments of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. sleep and a respiration detection method, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Gather the analog electrical signal of electrocardio ECG and the analog electrical signal of breath signal that obtain experimenter;
Monitoring experimenter's attitude changes and obtains experimenter's acceleration of motion data;
The analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is carried out low noise amplification processing and is converted into ECG signal and the breath signal of digital signal;
ECG signal, breath signal and the pretreatment of acceleration of motion data analysis and feature extraction to digital signal, obtain and preserve sleep and breath data;
Wherein, described low noise amplification processing comprises:
According to the ECG signal of digital signal, signal calculated performance figure and signal intensity index;
According to described acceleration of motion data, calculate experimenter's exercise index;
According to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, and carry out the optimum of described low noise amplification processing to make signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately according to described feedback signal.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described according to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, and carry out the optimum of described low noise amplification processing to make signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately according to described feedback signal, specifically comprise:
The state machine that gain control is set is initially in waiting state, and in the time that exercise index is indicated experimenter in active state, controlled state organizational security is held waiting state;
In the time that exercise index indication experimenter remains static: if signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is less than its peaked (k-2)/k, controlled state machine enters increase gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module increases gain according to default step-length; If signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is greater than its peaked (k-1)/k, and controlled state machine enters reduction gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module reduces and gains according to default step-length; In the time that signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, controlled state machine enters lock-out state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module keeps current gain constant;
When RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-2)/k, and while being less than its peaked (k-1)/k, if SQI is less than threshold value T, controlled state machine enters waiting state, no longer carries out gain modifications;
When the value of RSSI is greater than its historical record value, controlled state machine is jumped out from lock-out state, upgrades the maximum of RSSI, then enters initial waiting state, re-starts gain adjustment, until lock-out state,
Wherein, k is the judgement coefficient setting in advance.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described collection obtains experimenter's the analog electrical signal of electrocardio ECG and the analog electrical signal of breath signal, comprising:
The right lower limb that ECG is gathered drives RLD electrode to merge on the RA electrode and LA electrode of electrocardio ECG collection, and respiration measurement electrode is multiplexed on the RA electrode and LA electrode of ECG collection;
Obtain the experimenter's who collects on RA electrode and LA electrode ECG signal and carry out low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output ECG, carries out low-pass filtering to the breath signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode, the analog electrical signal of output breath signal.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Send the sleep and the breath data that obtain by wireless mode; And,
Meeting when pre-conditioned wireless communication module described in dormancy.
5. sleep and a device for detecting respiratory, is characterized in that, comprising:
Electrode merges module, for only gather experimenter's electrocardio ECG signal by right limb RA electrode and left limb LA electrode, and drives RLD electrode to merge on the RA electrode and LA electrode of ECG collection, to suppress the common mode disturbances of RA signal and LA signal right lower limb;
ECG processing module, for the ECG signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode is carried out to low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output ECG;
Breathe processing module, the RA electrode and the LA electrode that gather for respiration measurement electrode being multiplexed into ECG, and the breath signal collecting on RA electrode and LA electrode is carried out to low-pass filtering, the analog electrical signal of output breath signal;
Electrocardio Breath collection module, for according to the feedback signal that receives, to the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing carry out low noise amplification and be converted into the ECG signal of digital signal and breath signal after export;
Motion detection block, changes and output movement acceleration information for the attitude of monitoring experimenter;
Processor, for the ECG signal to digital signal, breath signal and the pretreatment of acceleration of motion data analysis and feature extraction, obtains and preserves sleep and breath data; And, according to the ECG signal of digital signal, signal calculated performance figure and signal intensity index; According to described acceleration of motion data, calculate experimenter's exercise index; According to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, calculate the feedback signal of controlling for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and feed back to described electrocardio Breath collection module, with the optimum that makes signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately.
6. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Wireless communication module, for sleep and the breath data obtained by wireless mode sending processor;
Energy supply control module, for power management is provided, meeting when pre-conditioned wireless communication module described in dormancy.
7. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described electrode merges module and comprises:
RLD electrode, low-pass filter circuit, RA electrode and LA electrode, wherein,
Described RLD electrode is connected to the input of a low-pass filter circuit, and the outfan of described low-pass filter circuit is connected to RA electrode by the first resistance, be connected to LA electrode by the second resistance, wherein the resistance of the first resistance and the second resistance is the body surface resistance value obtaining in advance.
8. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described breathing processing module comprises:
Two differential signal inputs, wherein,
A differential signal input is connected to LA electrode by the first resistance, the first electric capacity and second electric capacity of series connection, and be separately provided with one the 3rd electric capacity, its one end is connected between the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity, and the other end is connected to respectively a mu balanced circuit and the respiration measurement electrode IN1N_RESPP as output;
Another differential signal input is connected to RA electrode by the second resistance, the 4th electric capacity and the 5th electric capacity of series connection, and be separately provided with one the 6th electric capacity, its one end is connected between the 4th electric capacity and the 5th electric capacity, and the other end is connected to respectively another mu balanced circuit and the respiration measurement electrode IN1N_RESPN as output.
9. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described processor comprises:
Signal quality computing module, for the ECG signal of exporting according to electrocardio Breath collection module, signal calculated performance figure;
Signal intensity calculates module, for the ECG signal of exporting according to electrocardio Breath collection module, signal calculated intensity index;
Kinestate sort module, for according to the acceleration of motion data of motion detection block output, calculates experimenter's exercise index;
Automatic gain control module, be used for according to signal quality index, signal intensity exponential sum experimenter's exercise index, feedback signal to described electrocardio Breath collection module feedback for the analog electrical signal of ECG and breathing is gained and controlled, with the optimum that makes signal quality index and signal intensity index be tending towards presetting separately.
10. device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that,
Described automatic gain control module, specifically for:
The state machine that gain control is set is initially in waiting state, and in the time that exercise index is indicated experimenter in active state, controlled state organizational security is held waiting state;
In the time that exercise index indication experimenter remains static: if signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is less than its peaked (k-2)/k, controlled state machine enters increase gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module increases gain according to default step-length; If signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, and signal intensity index is greater than its peaked (k-1)/k, and controlled state machine enters reduction gain-state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module reduces and gains according to default step-length; In the time that signal quality index is better than predetermined threshold value T, controlled state machine enters lock-out state, and indication electrocardio Breath collection module keeps current gain constant;
When RSSI is greater than its peaked (k-2)/k, and while being less than its peaked (k-1)/k, if SQI is less than threshold value T, controlled state machine enters waiting state, no longer carries out gain modifications;
When the value of RSSI is greater than its historical record value, controlled state machine is jumped out from lock-out state, upgrades the maximum of RSSI, then enters initial waiting state, re-starts gain adjustment, until lock-out state;
Wherein, k represents the judgement coefficient setting in advance.
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