CN103285527A - 用于固定乳腺放疗患者的装置和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是用于固定乳腺放疗患者的装置和方法。根据本文描述的改进的系统和方法,可将患者固定以使一个或两个乳房返回到已知的位置。此外,该改进的系统和方法减小了乳房的呼吸移动。因此,本文描述的固定装置和技术提供了精确的可再现的乳房定位,同时减少了呼吸运动。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于固定放疗患者的装置和方法。
背景技术
全乳放疗是可在浸润性乳腺癌的局部切除(乳房肿瘤切除术)之后进行的治疗。辅助放疗的一个基本原理是:通过除去原发肿瘤区域内的残余癌灶和远离乳房的区域内假定的隐匿性多中心疾病,来减小乳腺癌的复发率。然而,乳腺放疗之后同一乳房中大多数的癌症复发都是发生在和初始肿瘤相同的象限内。事实上,乳腺放疗后大约80-90%的乳腺癌复发都是发生在乳房肿瘤切除术疤痕的附近。因此,更明确地针对癌变乳房区域的治疗对于使乳腺癌复发最小化可同样有效。
发明内容
发明内容和接下来的具体实施方式都不是旨在限定本发明。本发明由权利要求限定。
在一个实施方式中,一种形成用于固定俯卧的患者以向该患者的至少一个乳房释放辐射的支撑结构的方法包括:将支撑胸罩放置在所述患者上,所述支撑胸罩包括尺寸与所述患者的乳房吻合的半刚性罩杯;将所述患者俯卧地放置在支撑结构中,以使所述罩杯接近所述支撑结构的底面但不与之接触。该方法还包括将具有延展性的物质放置在所述罩杯周围,以使所述物质基本占据所述支撑结构的所述底面与所述罩杯之间的空间;以及将放置在所述罩杯周围的所述具有延展性的物质硬化,以使所述具有延展性的物质变为基本刚性的乳房固定装置,所述乳房固定装置包括与所述罩杯对应的轮廓。
在一个实施方式中,一种用于固定患者以向所述患者的乳房释放 辐射的装置包括:支撑结构,用于支撑俯卧的患者;以及乳房固定装置,其轮廓基本限定安放在所述患者的乳房上的罩杯的负凸出图像,所述乳房固定装置被放置在所述支撑结构内,以使所述罩杯与所述乳房固定装置吻合并由其支撑。
在一个实施方式中,一种固定患者以对所述患者的胸部进行放疗的方法包括:将乳房固定装置定位在支撑结构内,所述乳房固定装置的轮廓被定制为与患者的至少一个乳房吻合;以及将所述患者俯卧地定位在所述支撑结构上,以使所述至少一个乳房与所述支撑结构的所述轮廓吻合。
在一个实施方式中,一种固定患者以向所述患者的乳房释放辐射的装置包括:支撑装置,用于支撑俯卧的患者;以及固定装置,用于在向所述患者的乳房释放辐射的过程中固定所述乳房,所述固定装置由所述支撑装置支撑,其中,所述固定装置被配置为对于多次放疗中的每一次能够再生地定位所述乳房。
附图说明
图1是放疗系统的一个实施方式的侧视图;
图2A是示例性的患者支撑结构的等距图;
图2B是图2A的支撑系统中的乳房固定装置的等距图,其中该乳房固定装置被配置为固定放疗患者的左乳;
图3A示出了示例性的支撑胸罩,其包括用于支撑将接受放疗的乳房的罩杯;
图3B是可用于支撑乳房的示例性罩杯的侧视图;
图4是制造乳房固定装置和使用该固定装置重复地固定放疗患者的示例性方法的流程图;
图5是制造乳房固定装置的示例性方法的流程图;
图6是固定放疗的乳房的示例性方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图描述本发明的实施方式,全部附图中相似的附图 标号表示相似的元件。因为本说明书中使用的术语是结合对本发明某些具体实施方式的详细描述而使用的,因此其不趋向于以任何限制性的方式解释。此外,本发明的实施方式可包括若干新颖的特征,其中的任何一个都不仅仅负责其可期望的属性,也不是执行本发明所必须的。
图1是放疗系统100的一个实施方式的侧视图。示例性的放疗系统100被设计用于将放疗剂量释放至患者108(例如,癌症患者108)的目标区域,用于从相对于患者108的一个或多个角度或方向进行恶性或其他条件下的治疗。
在一个实施方式中,放疗系统100被设计用于将质子束治疗剂量释放至患者的目标区域。题为“Multi-Station Proton Beam Therapy System”的第4,870,287号美国专利对这种质子放射系统的结构和操作进行了详细描述,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。在其它实施方式中,系统100被设计用于释放本领域已知的临床适用的任何其它形式的辐射,例如,x射线、伽马射线、强子、中子等。
在某些实施方式中,放疗系统100可包括患者治疗站和托台102,托台102包括大致为半球形或截头圆锥体形的支撑架,用于附接或支撑放疗系统100的其它组件。题目均为“Roller-Supported,Modular,Isocentric Gentry and Method of Assembly”的第4,917,344和5,039,057号美国专利对托台102的结构和操作进行了详细描述,其全部内容均通过引用并入本文。
示例性的系统100还包括喷嘴110,其附接于托台102并由托台102支撑,从而喷嘴110可绕托台等中心120相对精确地旋转。系统100包括放射源106,其释放例如加速质子束的治疗束,治疗束穿过位于喷嘴110远端的开孔并由该开孔成形。示例性的束路径由标号146表示。在一个实施方式中,可根据患者具体的治疗放疗处方对开孔进行调节。在其它实施方式中,可使用其它的托台配置将放射束导向患者108。
在图1的实施方式中,系统100还包括一个或多个成像器112,在此实施方式中,成像器112相对于托台102可在伸出位置和缩回位 置之间伸缩。如图1所示,成像器112位于伸出位置。在一个实施方式中,成像器112包括固态非晶硅x射线成像器,其可例如根据穿过患者身体的入射x射线辐射对图像信息进行显影。系统100还可包括x射线源,其被配置为发射适当的x射线辐射穿过插入的患者组织,以经由成像器112生成插入材料的射线图像。成像器112的可伸缩性提供了这样的有益效果,即,在不需要成像器112时能够将成像器从放射源106的束路径缩回,从而在托台102外壳内提供额外的间隙,并且,能够将成像器112放置在放射源102的潜在有害发射物的路径之外,从而可减小对提供至成像器112的防护的需要。在此实施方式中,成像器和放射源130被设置为正交的,以从两个方向提供患者的射线图像。
示例性的系统100还包括患者定位器114和附接于患者定位器114的患者支撑结构130,也称为纵槽(pod)130。在一个实施方式中,患者定位器114适于在接收适当的移动命令之后将患者支撑结构130定位于多个平移轴和旋转轴,并可将患者支撑结构130定位于三个正交的平移轴(例如,纵向的、垂直的和横向的)和三个正交旋转轴(例如,倾斜、滚动或侧转),以对患者支撑结构130的放置提供全部六个运动自由度。如图1所示,患者在支撑结构130上定位为仰卧(脸朝上)位置。
在某些实施方式中,例如下文将进一步详细描述的实施方式中,固定装置可定位在支撑结构130上并成形为与具体患者的身体的轮廓相接。这样,在图1的实施方式中,固定装置可插入在支撑结构130和患者108之间。在一个实施方式中,该固定装置包括一个或多个豆袋(beanbag)或泡沫珠垫,例如由Med-Tec公司生产的VAC-LOKTM泡沫珠垫。在另一实施方式中,固定装置包括两部分的可膨胀泡沫,例如,由Med-Tec公司生产的一个或多个泡沫产品、速凝高分子泡沫、或其它适当的固定物质。在其它的实施方式中,固定装置例如包括垫座、衬垫和/或豆袋。使用形成以与患者身体的轮廓吻合的固定装置可有利地减少患者的移动,从而允许放疗计划减少被放射的目标区域周围的组织的量。
尽管以下描述不断地提到患者定位系统100,但本文描述的改进的装置和方法可与各种其它的患者定位系统一起使用。例如,本文描述的装置和方法可与其它自动的、半自动的、与定位器控制器直接相接的手动控制的、或全手动的(例如,用手柄释放制动器和移动每个装置轴)定位系统一起使用。因此,本文讨论的系统和方法适用于与任何其它放疗装置和设备一起使用。
放疗系统100可用于将放疗释放至患者的任何部位,包括患者的一个或两个乳房。尽管系统100可用于对患者提供全乳辐射,但是,提供部分乳腺放疗(由此减少对整个乳房进行辐射所带来的副作用)的系统和方法可对患者乳房的癌症区域(或其他治疗区域)提供有效的辅助治疗,同时使被治疗的乳房的癌症复发最小化。更特别地,通过将治疗限制在与乳房治疗区域(例如,乳房肿瘤切除术空腔)临近的有限量的乳房组织,可减少暴露于放疗的正常组织的量,从而潜在地减少急性和慢性毒性。此外,较小的目标体积可允许使用减少保乳治疗的时间和不便的大分割的治疗方案,可用系统的化疗使时间安排问题最小化,并通过减小局部治疗的延迟潜在地改善了效果。在其他已知的或之后开发出的技术中,部分乳腺放疗例如可包括术后的间质内放疗、对乳房肿瘤切除术空腔的腔内放疗、和/或利用3D适形技术用光子进行的外束放疗。
质子治疗可证明对执行部分乳腺照射是有用的。与用x射线的三维适形放疗相比,固有较好的深度剂量特性(布拉格峰)使释放至周围正常组织(尤其是肺部、心脏、胸壁和治疗乳房)的累积剂量最小化。例如,质子束的物理特性允许精确的束以任何给定的深度和形状停止在组织内,这就可允许减少释放至正常组织的累积剂量。此外,其还允许以非常均匀的剂量分布释放高度适形的剂量,从而从治疗区域内消除“热点”。此外,质子疗法是无创的且不需要破坏乳房皮肤,这就可产生改善的美容效果。因此,本文描述的固定装置和方法可与质子疗法方案和释放结合使用,也可和其它类型的放射方案和释放装置结合使用。
如本领域技术人员将认识到的那样,患者(更具体地,患者的治 疗区域)的固定级别至少部分地基于被照射的治疗区域的大小来确定。例如,如果将患者完全固定以使治疗区域不能移动,则可仅照射该治疗区域,而不包括治疗计划内任何周围的组织。因此,通过改善对乳房的固定,可减小部分乳腺治疗方案中的照射区域。
不同的患者在呼吸时乳房的移动也不相同。因此,即使治疗的乳房被固定,由于正常呼吸引起的患者肺部的移动,其乳房仍然会有一定量的移动。因此,如果乳房的移动可减小,乳房的治疗区域则可进一步减小。
根据本文描述的改进的系统和方法,可将患者固定以使被治疗的乳房精确地回到对每个放疗已知的位置。此外,改进的系统和方法减少了乳房的呼吸运动。因此,本文描述的固定装置和技术提供了精确的可再现的乳房定位,同时消除了呼吸运动。通过提供精确可再现的乳房定位并减少呼吸运动,本文描述的系统和方法能够对患者乳房的减小的治疗区域进行治疗。
图2A是示例性的患者支撑结构200的等距图,图2B是支撑结构200中的乳房固定装置210的等距图,其中,乳房固定装置210被配置为固定放疗患者的左乳。
在图2A和2B的实施方式中,乳房固定装置210包括两部分的可膨胀泡沫,其绕俯卧(脸朝下)的患者的一部分已被硬化。例如,患者可位于支撑结构200中,其乳房与支撑结构200的底面205之间具有微小的间隙。然后,可将该两部分的泡沫倾倒或以其它方式放置在患者的乳房区域周围,并允许其在乳房周围硬化,从而乳房轮廓在硬化的泡沫中反映为负凸起。因此,例如与仅有支撑结构200相比,患者的乳房可由轮廓化后的乳房固定装置210更完整地支撑。此外,由于固定装置210与俯卧的患者相配,因此,与仰卧的患者经受的呼吸运动相比,治疗乳房的呼吸运动被最小化。这样,利用定制模制的固定装置210,乳房固定装置不仅允许患者可重复地位于支撑结构200内,俯卧的用户还能表现出其治疗乳房具有较少的呼吸运动。
在一个实施方式中,在形成乳房固定装置210之前,用垫座、豆袋、泡沫结构(例如泡沫珠真空垫)和/或其他支撑结构支撑患者的肩 部、腹部和/或盆骨。在此实施方式中,当患者正确地位于泡沫珠真空垫上时,例如在乳房区域周围形成开口,该开口例如可用两部分的可膨胀泡沫,以形成乳房固定装置210。在一个实施方式中,可在将两部分的泡沫布置在乳房区域周围之前将空气从真空垫中去除,以对头部、肩部、腹部和/或盆骨区域提供基本刚性的固定,同时在乳房和支撑面200之间留有打开的空间。这样,在患者的胸部区域周围形成固定装置210之后,支撑装置200被填充有支撑患者腿部、头部和手臂的一个或多个垫座、豆袋或泡沫结构,同时患者的胸部区域由包括可膨胀泡沫或类似材料的乳房固定装置210支撑。在一个实施方式中,乳房固定装置210可由一个或多个泡沫珠真空垫或适当地符合患者乳房并提供刚性或半刚性支撑结构的其他材料形成。
图3A示出了示例性的支撑胸罩300,其包括用于支撑放疗患者的治疗乳房的罩杯310。在一个实施方式中,患者佩戴支撑胸罩300,以进一步固定治疗乳房和/或重复地将治疗乳房重新定位于基本类似的位置。在一个实施方式中,罩杯310用刚性或半刚性材料形成,例如,塑料。在某些实施方式中,可根据患者的乳房大小,将罩杯310替换为各种大小的其它罩杯。例如,可将一系列罩杯交替地附接于带330,以使对应于各种乳房大小的罩杯大小可用。在一个实施方式中,罩杯310被配置为将治疗乳房定位于可再现的形状。图3B是示例性的罩杯310的侧视图。
在图3A的实施方式中,支撑胸罩300还包括压缩材料320,其覆盖将不接受放疗的乳房(本文中称为“对侧乳房”)。放疗方案通常试图减少释放至放疗区域之外的区域(例如,不趋向于接受放疗的对侧乳房)的辐射。因此,压缩材料320有利地压缩对侧乳房,并将被压缩的乳房定位于远离释放至位于罩杯310内的治疗乳房的放射束的路径。在一个实施方式中,压缩材料320包括布,当支撑胸罩300绕患者勒紧时,该布足够强韧以将对侧乳房明显压平在压缩材料320下。在某些实施方式中,支撑胸罩300可包括两个支撑罩杯(例如罩杯310),以将患者的两个乳房都支撑在可再现的位置。在其它实施方式中,可将罩杯310从胸罩300上去除,例如如图3B所示,并将其连 接于两部分的泡沫,从而仅当两部分的泡沫邻近患者时,患者的治疗乳房才与罩杯吻合。
再次参照图2B,示出的乳房固定装置210具有与罩杯310的形状相对应的乳房轮廓220。在此实施方式中,患者佩戴在左乳具有罩杯310的支撑胸罩,从而在乳房固定装置210形成时,罩杯310的形状反映在固定装置210中。如图2B所示,由于放置在患者右乳上的压缩材料320,因此在乳房固定装置210的位置230处仅具有非常浅的空腔。这样,在图2B的实施方式中,患者可以下文进一步介绍的方式被固定以进行对左乳的放疗。
图4是制造乳房固定装置并将患者固定用于部分乳腺放疗的方法的一个实施方式的流程图。图4的示例性方法有利地提供了精确的并可再现的乳房定位,同时减少了呼吸运动。图4的方法可与任何类型的放疗结合使用,或与对乳房的其它治疗结合使用,例如全乳照射或部分乳腺照射。根据各实施方式,图4的方法可包括更少的或额外的块,并且该方法可用不同的顺序执行。
从块410开始,制造具有为固定特定患者而定制的轮廓的支撑结构,例如根据图5的方法制造。例如固定装置210的乳房固定装置可安装在支撑患者其它区域的纵槽或其他支撑结构中。
继续至块420,制定用于向患者释放放疗的治疗方案。该放疗可为任何类型的可用治疗,例如x射线或质子治疗。制定的治疗方案可包括全乳治疗或部分乳腺治疗。在一个实施方式中,由于乳房固定装置210提供对患者乳房的可再现固定,因此可增加放疗的效率。因此,在治疗方案中使用乳房固定装置210可减少向乳房肿瘤切除术或其他治疗区域的实际放射释放所需的时间。此外,对患者乳房的改善的固定和(通过将患者置于俯卧姿态)对由呼吸产生的正常运动的减少使得该治疗方案能够减小乳房的目标区域,并能够减小接收放射的治疗区域周围的组织的量。
在某些实施方式中,使用三维多束质子治疗方案。在一个实施方式中,治疗方案需要三到四个分离的轴向治疗束,其可与各种束加权结合使用。例如,可用适当的开孔、补偿器和束调制,使用质子束进 行治疗。在一个实施方式中,对束进行选择以完全不伤害下面的心脏和肺部组织,并避开不用于治疗的乳房。还可注意不对皮肤造成伤害。
移动至块430,患者例如根据图6的方法被固定用于放疗。在一个实施方式中,使用在块410制造的乳房固定装置(以及某些实施方式中的支撑结构)将治疗乳房可重复地定位在和制定治疗方案时基本相同的位置。因为乳房固定装置被固化并形成为与患者的乳房(或支撑胸罩的罩杯的外表面)的轮廓贴身吻合,因此,当患者位于支撑结构中时,治疗乳房被固定在与制造乳房固定装置时使用的位置基本相同的位置。在当形成乳房固定装置时患者佩戴支撑胸罩的实施方式中,当患者被固定用于治疗时也要佩戴该支撑胸罩。
接下来,在块440,向患者释放放疗,例如部分乳腺放疗。如上所述,还可向被固定装置固定的患者执行任何其他类型的放疗。
继续至块450,执行医师、放射科医师或其他人员确定是否将额外的剂量释放至患者。在一个实施方式中,该确定主要基于预定的治疗计划,并可在制造固定装置之前进行。例如,放射肿瘤学家可对预定时间周期开出特定的周期性的放射剂量,例如,2-6周内的每天、几个月内的每周一次。在某些实施方式中,对治疗效果进行监控,并可在某些放疗之后对治疗计划进行调整。如果要使用额外的剂量,该方法则返回块430,再次将患者固定,并对固定的患者进行照射(块440)。在一个实施方式中,患者佩戴支撑胸罩,通过利用施加的皮肤标记,支撑胸罩可重复地放置在胸部上。然后,可将患者俯卧在支撑结构上而将其定位于乳房固定装置中。在某些实施方式中,在每次治疗前执行正交的诊断质量x射线,并将其与数字重构的射线照片比较,以重现治疗计划CT扫描时的身体/乳房位置。在某些实施方式中,还可使用例如钛夹的夹子用于对准处理,夹子放置在活组织检查空腔或其他解剖学位置的周围。
有利地,连续放疗之间的时间周期以及患者的相关固定可明显变化,而不影响利用乳房固定装置(可选地,以及支撑胸罩)获得的固定的再生。例如,患者治疗计划可需要每天、每周或每月的治疗。在任何情况下,利用被形成轮廓以支撑俯卧的具体患者乳房的乳房固定 装置,将患者可再现地固定。如上所述,由于患者处于俯卧姿态,因此,与处于仰卧姿态时的乳房移动量相比,由呼吸引起的乳房移动量也可减少。
当不再需要进一步的治疗时,该方法继续至块450,完成治疗。
图5是制造乳房固定装置(例如,乳房固定装置210)的示例性方法的流程图。根据各实施方式,图5的方法可包括更少或额外的块,并且这些块可以用与示出的顺序不同的顺序执行。
从块510开始,患者佩戴有支撑胸罩,例如图3A和3B所示的胸罩。在一个实施方式中,支撑胸罩包括与治疗乳房相吻合的刚性或半刚性罩杯。支撑胸罩被配置为使乳房可重复地在基本相同的位置重新定位于罩杯内。在某些实施方式中,在形成固定装置时不使用支撑胸罩。在这样的实施方式中,当两部分的泡沫被倾倒至乳房周围时可将罩杯放置在和/或保持在乳房上,并在完成两部分的泡沫的硬化之前将罩杯去除。在此实施方式中,罩杯可为固定结构的一部分。在其它实施方式中,当固定装置形成时,患者的皮肤可与两部分的泡沫直接接触。
移动至块520,患者被定位于支撑结构中,例如支撑结构200(图1),在乳房和纵槽200的底部205之间具有微小的间隙。然而,在其它实施方式中,乳房可最低程度地接触纵槽200。如果乳房被过度压缩,例如通过将患者重量的一部分由抵靠纵槽200的底部的乳房支撑,则乳房将更接近于患者的内脏,例如心脏和肺部。此外,当特定乳房区域的位置趋向于对于每次乳房压缩变化时,将患者精确地重新定位于乳房被压缩的位置会更加困难。因此,在有利的实施方式中,乳房被定位为与纵槽200具有微小间隙或与之最低程度地接触。
继续至块530,患者的肩部、腹部和/或盆骨由垫座、豆袋、泡沫结构(例如泡沫珠真空垫)和/或其它支撑结构支撑,同时将乳房周围的区域保持为暂时不被直接支撑。在此实施方式中,可在将两部分的泡沫布置在乳房区域周围(块540)之前,将空气从真空垫去除,以对头部、肩部、腹部和/或盆骨区域提供基本刚性的固定。因此,在某些实施方式中,纵槽200至少部分地填充有一个或多个垫座、豆袋、 泡沫结构或类似材料。在某些实施方式中,块520和530同时执行,因为支撑结构绕患者的定位有助于将患者的治疗乳房相对于纵槽200适当定位。
继续至块540,将两部分的泡沫倾倒在患者的乳房区域周围,并允许其在乳房周围硬化,以使乳房的轮廓(或支撑胸罩的轮廓,如果使用的话)反映为硬化泡沫中的负凸出。更特别地,两部分的泡沫最初为具有延展性的,以使其可倾倒在患者胸部周围并基本填充乳房(或胸罩)周围的空气空间。在一个实施方式中,该两部分的泡沫经历使泡沫固化的化学变化。因此,由于两部分的泡沫在固化之前被布置在乳房周围,因此,当被固化以形成乳房固定装置时,泡沫将变成患者乳房的硬化的模型。该乳房固定装置允许乳房保持在悬挂位置,而不是抵靠纵槽200的底面压缩。在一个实施方式中,不使用两部分的泡沫,乳房固定装置可由一个或多个泡沫珠真空垫或适于符合患者乳房(和/或支撑胸罩)轮廓的其它材料形成,并提供刚性或半刚性的支撑结构。
图6是示出了固定用于放疗的乳房的示例性方法的流程图。如上所述,利用患者特定的乳房固定装置,可将患者精确地且可再现地定位,用于进行放疗,同时使患者处于俯卧姿态,以减小呼吸运动。根据各实施方式,图6的方法可包括更少或额外的块,并且这些块可用与示出的顺序不同的顺序执行。
从块610开始,将用于制造乳房固定装置的支撑胸罩重新定位在患者身上。在一个实施方式中,利用施加的皮肤标记将支撑胸罩可再现地放置在患者的胸部上。在其它的实施方式中,可使用其它标记(例如小的纹身)将支撑胸罩定位在患者身上的与制造乳房固定装置时基本相同的位置。
移动至块620,将俯卧的患者定位于包含乳房固定装置的纵槽内。在一个实施方式中,患者躺在包含乳房固定装置的纵槽上,以使治疗乳房放置在该固定装置的相应轮廓中。当患者位于该纵槽上时,可将该纵槽移动至放射释放区域,例如,用于放疗的托台内。
以上说明详细描述了本发明的某些实施方式。然而,显而易见的 是,不论上述内容在文字上如何详细描述,本发明可由多种方式实践。仍然如上所述,应该注意到,在描述本发明某些特征和方面时特定术语的使用并不意味着,该术语在本文被重新定义以限制为包括与该术语相关的、本发明的特征或方面的任何具体特性。因此,本发明的范围应该根据权利要求及其等同解释。
Claims (14)
1.一种固定患者和所述患者的乳房以向所述患者的乳房释放辐射的系统,包括:
支撑结构,配置为支撑基本俯卧的患者,使得待被治疗的乳房位于所述患者下方和所述支撑结构上方,所述支撑结构进一步配置为使所述患者放松并从而保持用于辐射释放的稳定和相容的位置;
胸罩,包括配置为由所述患者佩戴的罩杯和至少一个带,所述罩杯配置为至少部分地容纳所述待被治疗的乳房;
乳房固定装置,包括能够被配置为至少部分和动态地填充所述胸罩与所述支撑结构之间空间的非腐蚀性物质,形成与容纳所述待被治疗的乳房的罩杯的至少一部分对应的负凸出的轮廓,所述乳房固定装置能够被配置为定位在通常位于所述患者下方的所述支撑结构上并支撑所述罩杯和所述待被治疗的乳房;
其中,所述非腐蚀性物质具有延展性高的第一状态和延展性低的第二状态,所述第一状态使得所述非腐蚀性物质能够引入所述罩杯与所述支撑结构之间的空间中,所述第二状态使得所述非腐蚀性物质能够一般性地支撑和保持所述乳房和罩杯,从而基本固定所述乳房以进行辐射治疗。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述非腐蚀性物质的延展性高的所述第一状态是流动性高的状态,延展性低的所述第二状态是流动性低的状态。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述非腐蚀性物质由单独存储时不会反应的至少两种流体形成,所述流体配置为混合到一起因而发生反应并生成泡沫,所述泡沫膨胀并硬化形成具有空腔的一般性形状,所述泡沫在混合时或混合的短时间之后引入所述空腔内。
4.一种用于固定患者和乳房以向所述患者的乳房释放辐射的系统,包括:
支撑结构,配置为支撑患者俯卧的身体,从而待被治疗的乳房悬浮在所述支撑结构上方;
胸罩,包括配置为由所述患者佩戴的罩杯和至少一个带,所述罩杯配置为至少部分地容纳所述待被治疗的乳房;
乳房固定装置,包括配置为至少部分地填充所述胸罩与所述支撑结构之间空间的物质,具有与所述胸罩的至少一部分的负凸出图像对应的轮廓,所述乳房固定装置配置为定位在通常位于所述患者下方的所述支撑结构上并支撑所述罩杯和所述待被治疗的乳房。
5.如权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述罩杯包括所述胸罩能够被配置为可释放地与所述患者固定的部分。
6.如权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述系统配置用于通过所述支撑结构、通过所述胸罩以及通过所述乳房固定装置来定位所述患者,从而对所述乳房内的目标区域释放辐射。
7.如权利要求6所述的系统,其中,所述支撑结构、所述胸罩和所述乳房固定装置均由允许辐射穿过而不会实质上使辐射反射或散射的物质形成。
8.如权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述支撑结构包括工作台,所述工作台具有配置为容纳所述乳房固定装置并避免所述乳房固定装置滑动的侧边。
9.如权利要求8所述的系统,其中,所述支撑结构包括纵槽。
10.如权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述乳房固定装置是定制形成的,在所述罩杯定位在所述患者的乳房上进行辐射释放时与所述罩杯接合。
11.一种可再现地定位患者的方法,包括:
将所述患者俯卧地定位在支撑结构中以使在所述患者的乳房与所述支撑结构的底面之间具有微小的间隙;
将泡沫设置在所述患者的乳房周围;
使所述泡沫在所述患者的乳房周围硬化,从而所述乳房的轮廓在硬化的泡沫中反映为负凸起。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中,将所述患者俯卧地定位在支撑结构中以使在所述患者的乳房与所述支撑结构的底面之间具有微小的间隙包括:在所述支撑结构的底面上方支撑所述患者的肩部、腹部、和/或盆骨以在胸部区域周围形成开口。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,将泡沫设置在所述患者的乳房周围包括倾倒两部分的可膨胀泡沫并填充所述开口。
14.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,将泡沫设置在所述患者的乳房周围包括使一个或多个泡沫珠真空垫与所述患者的乳房的轮廓相符,以提供刚性或半刚性的支撑结构。
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-
2007
- 2007-11-20 EP EP07871543A patent/EP2095374A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-11-20 WO PCT/US2007/085309 patent/WO2008064271A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-11-20 CA CA2670002A patent/CA2670002C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-20 JP JP2009537416A patent/JP5448831B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-20 CN CN200780043166XA patent/CN101641748B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-20 US US12/515,523 patent/US8210899B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-20 CN CN201310143135.9A patent/CN103285527B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-20 AU AU2007323660A patent/AU2007323660B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 2012-07-02 US US13/540,475 patent/US8523630B2/en active Active
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Cited By (4)
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CN107949337A (zh) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-04-20 | 达特默斯大学托管会 | 引导组织切除的系统和方法 |
CN113015453A (zh) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-06-22 | 延世大学校产学协力团 | 用于放射治疗的胸罩 |
CN113015453B (zh) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-10-04 | 延世大学校产学协力团 | 用于放射治疗的胸罩 |
CN110975170A (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-10 | 山东大学齐鲁医院 | 俯姿胸部翻模装置及俯姿乳房三维曲面模型的制作方法 |
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US8523630B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
JP5448831B2 (ja) | 2014-03-19 |
US20120271095A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
EP2095374A2 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
AU2007323660A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
JP2010510005A (ja) | 2010-04-02 |
CN103285527B (zh) | 2016-06-22 |
EP2095374A4 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
US20140217634A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
CA2670002C (en) | 2017-03-14 |
CN101641748A (zh) | 2010-02-03 |
US20100067659A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
AU2007323660B2 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
WO2008064271A2 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
US9084886B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
CN101641748B (zh) | 2013-06-05 |
CA2670002A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
WO2008064271A3 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
US8210899B2 (en) | 2012-07-03 |
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