A kind of lumbar puncture needle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of puncture needle, particularly relate to a kind of lumbar puncture needle, belong to medical aid material equipment.
Background technology
Lumbar puncture is one of clinical conventional operation of Neurology Department, is mainly used in cerebrospinal pressure and measures, extract cerebrospinal fluid, to subarachnoid space injection of medicine, and cerebrospinal fluid radiography etc.Lumbar puncture utensil used is lumbar puncture needle, and at present conventional lumbar puncture needle comprises the syringe needle of hollow, needle stand and nook closing member, and syringe needle tail connects needle stand.Before puncture, first nook closing member is inserted in the syringe needle cavity of syringe needle, after syringe needle enters human body together with nook closing member, in order to judge whether syringe needle enters canalis spinalis, nook closing member need be extracted in syringe needle cavity, observe cerebrospinal fluid and whether flow out in syringe needle cavity, flow out if any cerebrospinal fluid, explanation lumbar puncture success, then connect pressure-measuring pipe (pressure-measuring pipe is here the transparent pressure-measuring pipe of upper and lower side open hollow) and carry out cerebrospinal pressure mensuration.Cerebrospinal fluid or injection of medicine is extracted by needle stand.Although above-mentioned lumbar puncture needle structure is simple, but also exist following not enough: 1, in order to judge whether syringe needle inserts canalis spinalis, nook closing member need be extracted in syringe needle cavity, observe cerebrospinal fluid whether to flow out in syringe needle cavity, if cerebrospinal fluid does not flow out, again nook closing member is inserted in the syringe needle cavity of syringe needle, again puncture procedure again, therefore, this puncture needle lacks the visuality directly perceived of observing cerebrospinal fluid and whether flowing out, and nook closing member constantly plugs operation, extends the puncture procedure time, moreover nook closing member is reinserted the syringe needle cavity that diameter is less, neither part thing easily.2, connect pressure-measuring pipe after extracting nook closing member out, this process keeps away unavoidable lost part cerebrospinal fluid, causes pressure measurement inaccurate.3, when intracranial pressure is higher, once puncture successfully, when being extracted from syringe needle cavity by nook closing member, a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid can be caused to spray, easily bring out cerebral hernia and formed and threat to life.4, when cerebrospinal fluid taked by needs, need nook closing member to extract from syringe needle cavity, the flow of cerebrospinal fluid is difficult to accurately control.
Summary of the invention
Whether the invention provides one directly to observe cerebrospinal fluid and flow out, the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, pressure measurement is accurate, lumbar puncture needle easy and simple to handle if can accurately control.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is:
A kind of lumbar puncture needle, comprise syringe needle, syringe needle is provided with syringe needle tube chamber, and syringe needle afterbody is fixed on handle, and handle is provided with cavity and valve handle; Described cavity comprises intracavity of handle, handle tube chamber and tapped through hole, and intracavity of handle left end is communicated with handle tube chamber, and intracavity of handle right-hand member is communicated with tapped through hole, and syringe needle tube chamber communicates with handle tube chamber, and the left end of described intracavity of handle is tube chamber taper seat; Described valve handle comprises threaded rod, the left end of threaded rod is provided with the valve handle cone of one, the right-hand member of threaded rod is provided with the swing handle of one, described threaded rod and described tapped through hole suitable, threaded rod is through tapped through hole, outer surface and the described tube chamber taper seat of described valve handle cone are suitable, are exposed at the right side of handle outside swing handle; The bottom of handle is provided with tapping seat, and the top of handle is provided with pressure measurement seat, and tapping seat and pressure measurement seat are all provided with through hole and communicate with intracavity of handle, and tapping seat is provided with valve, and pressure measurement seat is connected with pressure tester.
As improvement, the left end of syringe needle is closed taper, and the syringe needle outer wall of contiguous taper is provided with inlet opening, and inlet opening communicates with syringe needle tube chamber, described inlet opening be prolong needle shaft to strip hole.
Above-mentioned pressure tester is pressure-measuring pipe or Pressure gauge.
Above-mentioned valve comprises valve body, and the top of valve body is provided with blind hole, and the inwall of blind hole is provided with female thread, and the outer wall of described tapping seat is provided with external screw thread, described external screw thread and female thread suitable; The bottom of described blind hole is blind hole taper seat, and the bottom of described tapping seat is provided with tapping seat cone, described tapping seat cone and blind hole taper seat suitable, taper seat is provided with at least 1 vertical tapping through hole.
Above-mentioned pressure-measuring pipe is the transparent pressure-measuring pipe of upper and lower side open hollow, and the outer wall of the transparent pressure-measuring pipe of described upper and lower side open hollow is carved with force value scale, is provided with rubber cap on the top of the transparent pressure-measuring pipe of described upper and lower side open hollow.
Described pressure-measuring pipe is sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe, and the inner chamber of sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe is provided with slip vernier, and the top inner chamber of slip vernier is gas compartment, and sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe is carved with force value scale.
Above-mentioned handle and valve handle adopt transparent medical polyvinyl or vinyl polymer material.
As improvement, be positioned at handle tube chamber position, be provided with observation window at the outer wall of handle.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the syringe needle cavity of syringe needle of the present invention is communicated by handle tube chamber with described intracavity of handle, whether the observation window be provided with by corresponding handle tube chamber position or transparent handle are observed cerebrospinal fluid and are flowed out, intuitively visual, certainly also valve and valve handle can be opened in advance, whether ooze cerebrospinal fluid by valve to judge, or whether overflow cerebrospinal fluid by tapping seat and judge.By the rotation of valve handle threaded rod opposite handle tapped through hole, the spacing of accurate adjustment valve handle cone and tube chamber taper seat, realizes the discharge accurately controlling cerebrospinal fluid, no matter pressure measurement or drain, can accurate adjustment and control.Handle of the present invention is provided with tapping seat, can direct drainage of cerebrospinal fluid by tapping seat, easy to use.The top of handle of the present invention is provided with pressure measurement seat, and pressure measurement seat is connected with pressure tester or syringe, carries out pressure measurement or injectable drug, convenient to use.Valve of the present invention, by threaded adjustment switch and switch size, realizes the accurate drain of cerebrospinal fluid.When intracranial pressure is higher, by threaded rod of the present invention accurately slowly displacement, the flow of cerebrospinal fluid can control gentle slow pressure measurement, avoids causing a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid to spray, and prevents bringing out cerebral hernia and is formed.Pressure tester of the present invention can be the transparent pressure-measuring pipe of upper and lower open hollow or sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe or Pressure gauge, when in advance Pressure gauge being housed at handle pressure measurement seat, when opening valve handle, judge whether to puncture successfully by Pressure gauge and accurately read the pressure reading of cerebrospinal fluid, eliminate existing puncture needle nook closing member and repeat plug operation, save the operating time.By pressure gauge reading, avoid the situation of losing cerebrospinal fluid and occur, and pressure measurement is accurate.The left end of syringe needle of the present invention is closed taper, and the syringe needle outer wall of contiguous taper is provided with inlet opening, and object prevents syringe needle to be plugged in puncture.Therefore, whether the present invention can realize directly observing cerebrospinal fluid and flow out, and the flow of cerebrospinal fluid can accurately control, easy and simple to handle, and use safety, pressure measurement is accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
1, Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 front view.
2, Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 left view.
3, Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 top view.
4, Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 right view.
5, Fig. 5 is that the A-A of Fig. 4 is to sectional view.
6, Fig. 6 is inventive embodiments 1 syringe needle and handle (not containing valve) assembled sectional view.
7, Fig. 7 is the structural representation of inventive embodiments 1 valve handle.
8, Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 valve front view.
9, Fig. 9 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 valve top view.
10, Figure 10 is that the B-B of Fig. 9 is to sectional view.
11, Figure 11 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 valve upward view.
12, Figure 12 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 valve-closed state schematic diagram.
13, Figure 13 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 valve open view (dotted line express liquid flows out circuit).
14, Figure 14 is the transparent pressure-measuring pipe schematic diagram of upper and lower side open hollow of the present invention.
15, Figure 15 is the sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe schematic diagram of the present invention.
16, Figure 16 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 front view.
17, Figure 17 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 top view.
18, Figure 18 is that the C-C of Figure 17 is to sectional view.
19, Figure 19 is the embodiment of the present invention 3 front view.
20, Figure 20 is the embodiment of the present invention 3 top view.
21, Figure 21 is the embodiment of the present invention 4 front view.
22, Figure 22 is the embodiment of the present invention 4 top view.
23, Figure 23 is that the pressure measurement seat of syringe of the present invention on handle is in conjunction with schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrate below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Figure 15, a kind of lumbar puncture needle, comprises syringe needle 1, and syringe needle 1 is provided with syringe needle tube chamber 24, and syringe needle 1 afterbody is fixed on handle 2, and handle 2 is provided with cavity and valve handle; Described cavity comprises intracavity of handle 6, handle tube chamber 25 and tapped through hole 12, intracavity of handle 6 left end is communicated with handle tube chamber 25, intracavity of handle 6 right-hand member is communicated with tapped through hole 12, and syringe needle tube chamber 24 communicates with handle tube chamber 25, and the left end of described intracavity of handle 6 is tube chamber taper seat 7; Described valve handle comprises threaded rod 10, the left end of threaded rod 10 is provided with the valve handle cone 8 of one, the right-hand member of threaded rod 10 is provided with the swing handle 11 of one, described threaded rod 10 is suitable with described tapped through hole 12, threaded rod 10 is through tapped through hole 12, the outer cone surface of described valve handle cone 8 is suitable with described tube chamber taper seat 7, is exposed at the right side of handle 2, is convenient to use hand operated outside swing handle 11.The bottom of handle 2 is provided with tapping seat 4, and the top of handle 2 is provided with pressure measurement seat 3, and tapping seat 4 and pressure measurement seat 3 are all provided with through hole and communicate with intracavity of handle 6, and tapping seat 4 is provided with valve 5, and pressure measurement seat 3 is connected with pressure tester.The top of described valve 5 is provided with blind hole 13, and the inwall of blind hole 13 is provided with female thread 14, and the outer wall of described tapping seat 4 is provided with external screw thread 29, described external screw thread 29 and female thread 14 suitable; The bottom of described blind hole 13 is blind hole taper seat 15, the bottom of described tapping seat 4 is provided with tapping seat cone 30, described tapping seat cone 30 is suitable with blind hole taper seat 15, blind hole taper seat 15 is provided with at least 1 vertical taphole 16, and the present embodiment is provided with two symmetrical tapholes 16.Be positioned at handle tube chamber 25 position, be provided with observation window 27 at the outer wall of handle 2, observation window 27 is used for observing cerebrospinal fluid and whether flows into handle tube chamber 25 from syringe needle 1, judges that whether puncture is successful.Described pressure tester is pressure-measuring pipe, described pressure-measuring pipe is that the transparent pressure-measuring pipe of upper and lower side open hollow 18 (is the common pressure-measuring pipe that hollow that current lumbar puncture commonly uses is straight-through, upper and lower side open hollow transparent pressure-measuring pipe 18 outer wall is carved with force value scale), be provided with rubber cap 19 on the top of the transparent pressure-measuring pipe 18 of upper and lower side open hollow.Pressure-measuring pipe also can be sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe 21, and the inner chamber of sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe 21 is provided with slip vernier 22, and the top inner chamber of slip vernier 22 is gas compartment 23, and the outer wall of sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe 21 is carved with force value scale.The present embodiment handle 2 adopts transparent medical polyvinyl or vinyl polymer material, and whether be convenient to observe in handle tube chamber 25 has cerebrospinal fluid to flow out.Whether the present embodiment observation window 27 is the plane groove be provided with at the tube chamber outer wall of transparent handle tube chamber 25, and the wall thickness of this plane groove position is less, be convenient to observe cerebrospinal fluid and flow out.
The embodiment of the present invention 1 using method:
1. advise patient to lie on one's side on hardboard bed, back is vertical with bed surface, head forward, chest flexing, two handss are tucked and are close to abdominal part, make trunk arcuately, are convenient to inserting needle;
2. determine point of puncture, generally get 3rd ~ 4 spinous process of lumbar vertebra gaps, sometimes also can carry out upper one or next interspace of lumbar vertebrae;
3., after routine disinfection skin, wear sterile gloves and paste with lid hole, do local anesthesia from skin to ligamenta intervertebralia with 2% lignocaine;
4., before using, lumbar puncture needle valve handle of the present invention and valve are screwed, patient fixes point of puncture skin with left hand, the right hand holds lumbar puncture needle of the present invention, syringe needle slowly thrusts with the direction at vertical back, and adult's depth of needle is 4 ~ 6 centimetres, and child is then 2 ~ 4 centimetres.When syringe needle enters subarachnoid space through ligament and cerebral dura mater, can feel that resistance has suddenly disappeared the sense that falls through.Now observe cerebrospinal fluid by the transparent windows on handle wall of the lumen whether to flow out.
5. before putting cerebrospinal fluid, pressure-measuring pipe in the first grafting of pressure measurement seat perforate, then valve handle is slowly screwed out, cerebrospinal fluid is made to enter handle tube chamber, intracavity of handle 6 and pressure-measuring pipe successively, until cerebrospinal fluid in pressure-measuring pipe highly stable after, read cerebrospinal pressure height, the pressure of normal person's lateral position cerebrospinal fluid is 0.69 ~ 1.76 kPa, i.e. 70 to 180 millimeters of water.Pressure-measuring pipe is as selected the transparent pressure-measuring pipe 18 of upper and lower side open hollow, need in advance rubber cap 19 to be removed, if when intracranial pressure is higher, once puncture successfully, if valve handle misoperation, when causing a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid to overflow from the upper shed of the transparent pressure-measuring pipe 18 of upper and lower side open hollow, the upper shed of the transparent pressure-measuring pipe 18 of upper and lower side open hollow can be blocked rapidly with rubber cap 19, avoid cerebral hernia to be formed.
6. when cerebrospinal fluid collected by needs, close valve handle, to outward winding valve, make csf flow in pressure-measuring pipe in preprepared container, collect cerebrospinal fluid 2 ~ 5m1, if it is inadequate to collect cerebrospinal fluid, can to outward winding valve handle, until collect the cerebrospinal fluid of q.s, then to close valve handle and valve successively, remove pressure-measuring pipe, the cerebrospinal fluid censorship of collection; During as cultivated, application aseptic manipulation stays specimen.
As shown in figure 23, when needing to use syringe injection of medicine, prior valve-off is needed, the nipple 28 of syringe cylinder 27 front end is inserted the perforate of pressure measurement seat 3, open valve handle, utilize syringe injection of medicine, inject medicine, closed valve handle, take away syringe.
7. art finishes, and is extracted by lumbar puncture needle of the present invention, covers antiseptic gauze, with immobilization with adhesive tape;
8. postoperative patient removes pillow prostrate 4 ~ 6 hours, in order to avoid cause postoperative intracranial hypotension to have a headache.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 16 ~ Figure 18, the left end of syringe needle 1 is closed taper 9, the syringe needle outer wall of contiguous taper 9 is provided with inlet opening 17, inlet opening 17 communicates with syringe needle tube chamber 24, described inlet opening 17 for prolong needle shaft to strip hole, both ensured that syringe needle had enough intensity and do not rupture, also ensured enough feed liquor areas, reduced the resistance that cerebrospinal fluid enters syringe needle 1.Other structure is with embodiment 1.
The embodiment of the present invention 2 using method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
As illustrated in figures 19 and 20, embodiment 3 is except replacing the pressure-measuring pipe in embodiment 1 (the transparent pressure-measuring pipe of upper and lower side open hollow 18 or sealed transparent pressure-measuring pipe 21) with Pressure gauge 20, other structure is with embodiment 1.The present embodiment Pressure gauge 20 is connected and fixed by the external screw thread of manometric interface female thread and pressure measurement seat in advance.The present embodiment Pressure gauge can select bellows pressure micromanometer (measurement is less than the Pressure gauge of 60000Pa).
During the embodiment of the present invention 3 pressure measurement, valve handle and valve to be closed in advance, when measuring the pressure of cerebrospinal fluid, only need valve handle of outwarding winding; Collect cerebrospinal fluid and need outward winding valve handle and valve simultaneously, collect cerebrospinal fluid, close valve handle and valve successively.Other step of the embodiment of the present invention 3 using method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
As shown in figure 21 and figure, embodiment 4 adopts the syringe needle of embodiment 2 except syringe needle 1, and pressure tester adopts outside Pressure gauge 20, and other structure is with embodiment 1.
The embodiment of the present invention 4 using method is with embodiment 3.