CN102941343B - Quick manufacturing method of titanium-aluminum alloy composite part - Google Patents

Quick manufacturing method of titanium-aluminum alloy composite part Download PDF

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CN102941343B
CN102941343B CN201210467106.3A CN201210467106A CN102941343B CN 102941343 B CN102941343 B CN 102941343B CN 201210467106 A CN201210467106 A CN 201210467106A CN 102941343 B CN102941343 B CN 102941343B
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titanium
aluminium alloy
complex parts
aluminum alloy
powder
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CN102941343A (en
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贾文鹏
杨广宇
赵培
贺卫卫
黄瑜
贾亮
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Northwest Institute for Non Ferrous Metal Research
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick manufacturing method of a titanium-aluminum alloy composite part. The method comprises the following steps of 1. establishing a three-dimensional solid model of the titanium-aluminum alloy composite part by three-dimensional modeling software, dividing the model into thin layers by layering software, obtaining a STL (stereo lithography) format file, and importing the STL format file into quick forming software of an electronic beam quick forming machine; 2. loading titanium-aluminum alloy powder into a power delivery box of the electronic beam quick forming machine, paving the titanium-aluminum alloy powder on a power paving table by a certain powder paving thickness, inputting scanning parameters, scanning and sintering the titanium-aluminum alloy powder in a layer-by-layer way under the vacuum condition, and obtaining the titanium-aluminum alloy composite part after sintering. The method has the advantages that the utilization rate of material is high, the excessive powder can be repetitively used, the cost is saved, the manufactured titanium-aluminum alloy composite part has fine fully lamellar tissues with an average crystalline cluster size of 30mum to 50mum, and the lamellar structures at the lamellar crystalline cluster interface of the titanium-aluminum alloy composite part are staggered.

Description

A kind of method for fast mfg of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts
Technical field
The invention belongs to titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method for fast mfg of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
Background technology
The complicated titanium-aluminium alloy part of high-performance has broad application prospects in the field such as Aero-Space and auto industry.Titanium aluminium base alloy has the design feature of intermetallic compound, hardness is high, fragility is large, is difficult to adopt machining process to prepare complex parts, though and the casting of routine can be shaped complicated shape, but organize thick, there is gross segregation, cause its comprehensive mechanical property poor; FMT is prepared TiAl-base alloy and be better than foundry goods in structure property, but has certain distance with casting technique in complex parts shaping.Powder metallurgic method can eliminate the defect that casting metallurgical method brings, but does not also solve densified, the deformation controlling problem of Complex Parts at present very well, and mould is disposable simultaneously, and design and manufacture costly limits the extensive use of this technique.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, to provide a kind of method for fast mfg of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.The method adopts electron beam RP technique, the information provided according to threedimensional model under program by high energy beam current successively melts sintering and Rapid Circulation heat treatment, pile up layer by layer, little titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts are organized in preparation, the method is by modeling flexible design required product shape, manufacture process does not need to make expensive mould, has with short production cycle, the feature that efficiency is high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method for fast mfg of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, and it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, set up the three-dimensional entity model of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts needing to manufacture with 3D sculpting software, then by delamination software, three-dimensional entity model is divided into the thin layer that thickness is 0.05mm ~ 0.3mm, obtain STL formatted file, then the STL formatted file obtained is imported in the Quick-forming software of electron beam fast forming machine;
Step 2, titanium-aluminium alloy powder is loaded in step one and imports in the powder feeding case of the electron beam fast forming machine of STL formatted file, be laid on paving powder platform with certain paving powder thickness, input sweep parameter, the STL formatted file imported according to sweep parameter and the step one of input under vacuum successively scans sintering to titanium-aluminium alloy powder, obtains titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts after terminating; Described scanning sintering process comprises heat compensation process and forming process.
The method for fast mfg of above-mentioned a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, spreading powder thickness described in step 2 is 0.05mm ~ 0.3mm.
The method for fast mfg of above-mentioned a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, the vacuum of vacuum condition described in step 2 is 2 × 10 -2pa ~ 5 × 10 -2pa.
The method for fast mfg of above-mentioned a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, sweep parameter in the process of heat compensation described in step 2 is: beam intensity is 20mA ~ 40mA, beam scan velocity is 5000mm/s ~ 7000mm/s, and temperature controls at 800 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C.
The method for fast mfg of above-mentioned a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, sweep parameter in forming process described in step 2 is: beam current is 10mA ~ 20mA, beam scan velocity is 80mm/s ~ 120mm/s, and shaping territory upper surface temperature is 1250 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C.
The method for fast mfg of above-mentioned a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, the basal temperature of described forming process remains on below titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 100 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C, when in forming process, new one deck fusing is shaped, part shaping layer is rapidly heated to more than titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 50 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C and is again cooled to basal temperature, by successively superposing, titanium-aluminium alloy tissue, through repeatedly Rapid Circulation heat treatment, finally obtains titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
The method for fast mfg of above-mentioned a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, the complex parts of titanium-aluminium alloy described in step 2 have the tiny complete lamellar structure that average colony is of a size of 30 μm ~ 50 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention adopts this direct forming technology of electron beam Quick-forming, the information provided according to threedimensional model under program by high energy beam current successively melts sintering and Rapid Circulation heat treatment, metal dust is sintered together under the bombardment of high energy beam, and it is bonding with the part be shaped below, pile up layer by layer, until whole part all sinters finished goods, it is the forming mode organizing little titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts ideal, the method is by modeling flexible design required product shape, manufacture process does not need to make expensive mould, have with short production cycle, the feature that efficiency is high.
2, adopt method for fast mfg of the present invention, the utilization rate of material is high, and unnecessary powder is reusable, cost-saving.
3, forming process of the present invention has the feature of heating and cooling speed, the shaped portion of melting zone to its nearby layers is made to have the heat treated effect of Rapid Circulation, under this heat-treat condition, thermo-lag is larger, recrystallization forming core not only can occur at crystal boundary, also can occur in phase boundary, therefore forming core speed is high, and phase velocity is fast simultaneously; Rapid Circulation phase transformation also can destroy the orientation relationship between titanium aluminium Structure Inheritance and new and old phase, can destroy the thick lamellar structure of stable as cast condition formed; Meanwhile, the heat treatment process of circulation effectively can discharge the thermal stress in forming process, prevents sample deformations.
4, adopt the titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts of method manufacture of the present invention to have tiny complete lamellar structure that average colony is of a size of 30 μm ~ 50 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy vane of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the micro-organization chart of the Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy vane that the embodiment of the present invention 1 manufactures.
Fig. 3 is the micro-organization chart of the Ti-45Al-9Nb-0.3W alloy that the embodiment of the present invention 2 manufactures.
Fig. 4 is the micro-organization chart of the Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W alloy that the embodiment of the present invention 3 manufactures.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The quick manufacture of Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy vane:
Step one, CAD is utilized to set up the three-dimensional entity model (structure is shown in Fig. 1) of Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy vane, then by delamination software, three-dimensional entity model is divided into the thin layer that thickness is 0.18mm, obtain STL formatted file, then the STL formatted file obtained is imported in the Quick-forming software of electron beam fast forming machine;
Step 2, the Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy powder prepared by-100 order rotary electrode methods load and import in the powder feeding case of the electron beam fast forming machine of STL formatted file in step one, be laid on paving powder platform with the paving powder thickness of 0.18mm, input sweep parameter, forming cavity is evacuated to 5 × 10 -2start after Pa successively to scan sintering, after terminating, obtain that there is the Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy vane that average colony is of a size of the tiny complete lamellar structure of 50 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of blade, described scanning sintering process comprises heat compensation process and forming process, and wherein the sweep parameter of heat compensation process is: beam intensity is 30mA, and beam scan velocity is 6000mm/s, and temperature controls at about 1000 DEG C, the sweep parameter of forming process is: beam current is 15mA, beam scan velocity is 100mm/s, shaping territory upper surface temperature is 1250 DEG C, the basal temperature of forming process (temperature of certain one deck shaping before being shaped and terminating to start to lower one deck shaping) remains on below titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 250 DEG C, when in forming process, new one deck fusing is shaped, part shaping layer is rapidly heated to more than titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 100 DEG C and is again cooled to basal temperature, by successively superposing, titanium-aluminium alloy tissue is through repeatedly Rapid Circulation heat treatment, finally obtain titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
Fig. 2 is the micro-organization chart of the Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy vane that the present embodiment manufactures, as can be seen from the figure, electron beam shaping titanium-aluminium alloy has the tiny complete lamellar structure that average colony is of a size of 50 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of lamella colony interface.
Embodiment 2
The quick manufacture of the Ti-45Al-9Nb-0.3W alloy of cubic shaped:
Step one, CAD is utilized to set up the cubical three-dimensional entity model of 40cm × 40cm × 40cm, then by delamination software, three-dimensional entity model is divided into the thin layer that thickness is 0.05mm, obtain STL formatted file, then the STL formatted file obtained is imported in the Quick-forming software of electron beam fast forming machine;
Step 2, Ti-45Al-9Nb-0.3W alloy powder standby for-200 order aerosolization legal systems is loaded in step one and imports in the powder feeding case of the electron beam fast forming machine of STL formatted file, be laid on paving powder platform with the paving powder thickness of 0.05mm, input sweep parameter, forming cavity is evacuated to 4 × 10 -2start after Pa successively to scan sintering, after terminating, obtain that there is the Ti-45Al-9Nb-0.3W alloy part that average colony is of a size of the tiny complete lamellar structure of 30 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of part, described scanning sintering process comprises heat compensation process and forming process, and wherein the sweep parameter of heat compensation process is: beam intensity is 40mA, and beam scan velocity is 7000mm/s, and temperature controls at about 1200 DEG C, the sweep parameter of forming process is: beam current is 10mA, beam scan velocity is 80mm/s, shaping territory upper surface temperature is 1500 DEG C, the basal temperature of forming process (temperature of certain one deck shaping before being shaped and terminating to start to lower one deck shaping) remains on below titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 100 DEG C, when in forming process, new one deck fusing is shaped, part shaping layer is rapidly heated to more than titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 400 DEG C and is again cooled to basal temperature, by successively superposing, titanium-aluminium alloy tissue is through repeatedly Rapid Circulation heat treatment, finally obtain titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
Fig. 3 is the micro-organization chart of the Ti-45Al-9Nb-0.3W alloy part that the present embodiment manufactures, as can be seen from the figure, electron beam shaping Ti-45Al-9Nb-0.3W titanium-aluminium alloy has the tiny complete lamellar structure that average colony is of a size of 30 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
Embodiment 3
The quick manufacture of the Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W alloy of cubic shaped:
Step one, CAD is utilized to set up the cubical three-dimensional entity model of 40cm × 40cm × 40cm, then by delamination software, three-dimensional entity model is divided into the thin layer that thickness is 0.3mm, obtain STL formatted file, then the STL formatted file obtained is imported in the Quick-forming software of electron beam fast forming machine;
Step 2, Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W alloy powder standby for-60 order aerosolization legal systems is loaded in step one and imports in the powder feeding case of the electron beam fast forming machine of STL formatted file, be laid on paving powder platform with the paving powder thickness of 0.3mm, input sweep parameter, forming cavity is evacuated to 2 × 10 -2start after Pa successively to scan sintering, after terminating, obtain that there is the Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W alloy part that average colony is of a size of the tiny complete lamellar structure of 40 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of part, described scanning sintering process comprises heat compensation process and forming process, and wherein the sweep parameter of heat compensation process is: beam intensity is 20mA, and beam scan velocity is 5000mm/s, and temperature controls at about 800 DEG C, the sweep parameter of forming process is: beam current is 20mA, beam scan velocity is 120mm/s, shaping territory upper surface temperature is 1700 DEG C, the basal temperature of forming process (temperature of certain one deck shaping before being shaped and terminating to start to lower one deck shaping) remains on below titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 400 DEG C, when in forming process, new one deck fusing is shaped, part shaping layer is rapidly heated to more than titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 50 DEG C and is again cooled to basal temperature, by successively superposing, titanium-aluminium alloy tissue is through repeatedly Rapid Circulation heat treatment, finally obtain titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
Fig. 4 is the micro-organization chart of the Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W alloy part that the present embodiment manufactures, as can be seen from the figure, electron beam shaping Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W titanium-aluminium alloy has the tiny complete lamellar structure that average colony is of a size of 40 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every above embodiment is done according to the technology of the present invention essence any simple modification, change and equivalence change, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a method for fast mfg for titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one, set up the three-dimensional entity model of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts needing to manufacture with 3D sculpting software, then by delamination software, three-dimensional entity model is divided into the thin layer that thickness is 0.05mm ~ 0.3mm, obtain STL formatted file, then the STL formatted file obtained is imported in the Quick-forming software of electron beam fast forming machine;
Step 2, titanium-aluminium alloy powder is loaded in step one and imports in the powder feeding case of the electron beam fast forming machine of STL formatted file, be laid on paving powder platform with certain paving powder thickness, input sweep parameter, the STL formatted file imported according to sweep parameter and the step one of input under vacuum successively scans sintering to titanium-aluminium alloy powder, obtains titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts after terminating; Described scanning sintering process comprises heat compensation process and forming process; Sweep parameter in described heat compensation process is: beam intensity is 20mA ~ 40mA, and beam scan velocity is 5000mm/s ~ 7000mm/s, and temperature controls at 800 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C; Sweep parameter in described forming process is: beam current is 10mA ~ 20mA, and beam scan velocity is 80mm/s ~ 120mm/s, and shaping territory upper surface temperature is 1250 DEG C ~ 1700 DEG C.
2. the method for fast mfg of a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts according to claim 1, is characterized in that, spreading powder thickness described in step 2 is 0.05mm ~ 0.3mm.
3. the method for fast mfg of a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the vacuum of vacuum condition described in step 2 is 2 × 10 -2pa ~ 5 × 10 -2pa.
4. the method for fast mfg of a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the basal temperature of forming process described in step 2 remains on below titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 100 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C, when in forming process, new one deck fusing is shaped, part shaping layer is rapidly heated to more than titanium-aluminium alloy α transition temperature 50 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C and is again cooled to basal temperature, by successively superposing, titanium-aluminium alloy tissue, through repeatedly Rapid Circulation heat treatment, finally obtains titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
5. the method for fast mfg of a kind of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the complex parts of titanium-aluminium alloy described in step 2 have the tiny complete lamellar structure that average colony is of a size of 30 μm ~ 50 μm, interlaced between the lamellar structure of the lamella colony interface of titanium-aluminium alloy complex parts.
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