CN102792664A - 计算设备上的语音动作 - Google Patents

计算设备上的语音动作 Download PDF

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CN102792664A
CN102792664A CN2010800560910A CN201080056091A CN102792664A CN 102792664 A CN102792664 A CN 102792664A CN 2010800560910 A CN2010800560910 A CN 2010800560910A CN 201080056091 A CN201080056091 A CN 201080056091A CN 102792664 A CN102792664 A CN 102792664A
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CN102792664B (zh
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M·J·勒鲍
J·N·吉科夫
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Abstract

一种计算机实施的方法包括:标识用于话音识别系统的多个口述前缀;监视计算设备的语音输入寻找用于由计算设备的用户叙述的口述前缀之一;存储在通过监视来标识的口述前缀之后口述的一个或者多个检索词;将口述的前缀与在计算设备上的动作相关;在存储的一个或者多个检索词中标识动作可以涉及的对象;并且用计算设备执行向对象施加动作的操作。

Description

计算设备上的语音动作
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2009年10月28日提交的、标题为“Search,Navigation,and Docking with a Mobile Computing Device”的第61/255,847号美国临时申请的优先权,其完整内容通过引用结合于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及可以由移动计算设备或者用移动计算设备(比如智能电话)(包括通过使用语音输入来控制导航应用)采取的动作。
背景技术
移动通信设备允许用户进行电话呼叫、接收电子邮件、浏览万维网、收听音频内容以及查看视频内容。这样的设备多年来已经变得更强大以至于它们现在可以执行针对多种需要的各种定制下载应用。许多应用颇为复杂,并且可以在它们运行之时自动访问基于服务器的数据,以便提供丰富的用户体验。
智能电话上的传感器数目和类型近年来已经如此激增。许多这样的设备现在具有电子罗盘、加速度计、GPS单元、相机、邻近传感器以及其它这样的传感器。这些传感器可以以多种方式使用,比如用GPS单元确定用户的位置,以及用罗盘单元确定用户的方向、并继而提供用户周边的基于罗盘的GOOGLE STREEVIEW。其它应用可以响应于用户向设备提供的地址来提供基本逐向(turn-by-turn)导航。同样,专用导航单元也允许用户键入目的地地址,并且具有在用户的当前位置与目的地位置之间提供的逐向指引。
发明内容
本发明描述用于在移动计算设备上进行搜索(并且具体为语音搜索)和导航(包括基于语音的导航),并且用于执行与移动计算设备的坞接(dock)关联的动作的系统和技术。在某些示例中,用户可以口述他们想要旅行的地点的名称(可能前置有控制检索词(term)、载体短语或者触发检索词(比如“导航到”)),并且可以让导航指令自动预备成使得他们对其口述目的地名称的计算设备将向它们自动给予从他们的当前地理位置到口述地点的逐向指引(包括用口述指引(例如“300英尺后右转”))。设备可以向远程服务器系统发送口述输入,该服务器系统可以标识控制检索词的存在,然后使用控制检索词的存在以便确定如何操纵口述输入或者查询的其余部分。例如,控制检索词“导航到”可以使系统向本地搜索引擎录入查询的其余部分的文字版本,并且可以使用结果以标识目的地地点的地址,然后依次可以确定可以作为用于导航指引的终点而使用的纬度/经度对或者其它标识符(以及例如使用设备上的GPS功能来确定的用户及其设备的当前位置)。然后可以向系统的又一部件供应这样的地理位置信息作为路线的终点,并且又一部件(导航引擎)可以向移动设备的用户提供导航信息。这样的信息可以包括为了沿着可导航路线绘制标准路线、比如用地图上的移动点、用沿路线驾驶的汽车或者其它车辆先前已经捕获的沿着该路线的实际区域的数字照片图像来动画显示沿着用户驾驶路线的路径而需要的数据。
导航应用也可以响应于来自用户的未包括位置名称的自然语言查询来提供导航信息的呈现。例如除了提交兴趣点的名称(比如博物馆的名称),用户还可以请求被给予去往“当前举办毕加索展览的博物馆”的指引。为了生成这样的可导航路线的终点,系统可以(例如使用用于提交查询的公共API)向本地搜索引擎提交检索词(比如“当前举办毕加索展览的博物馆”)以及用户的当前位置的指示。搜索引擎然后可以根据它的标准操作模式来返回在相关区域中并且响应于查询的各种搜索结果。系统然后可以解析搜索结果(比如解析搜索结果指向的登陆页面)以标识页面上列举的地理位置(比如博物馆的位置)。作为一个示例,首位结果可以是Hirshhorn博物馆的主页,并且可以解析该页面寻找与用于地址的格式匹配的文字或者可以搜索该页面寻找进一步链接(比如“指引”或者“联系我们”),然后可以解析目标页面以获得继而可以转换成纬度/经度坐标的地址信息。另外,一旦从搜索结果标识地点名称,可以将它提交到结构化数据库(比如将企业或者地点名称与地址和电话号码相关的黄页或者相似数据库)。
用户的移动设备也可以被编程为即使移动设备未对查询执行话音-文本转换仍然监听特定控制检索词。设备因此可以确定向哪个服务器系统发送音频口述查询的其余部分并且选择与查询一起发送的元数据类别。以这一方式,设备的“监听”可以仅在本地,从而用户口述的信息仅在用户肯定地口述相关控制检索词时去往服务器系统。当设备以这一方式监听时,它也可以将输入进行哈希以便为用户保留更多私密性并且可以比较经哈希的输入与控制检索词的预存哈希版本。此外,监听可以在某些境况中限于计算设备,而不与分离的服务器系统共享。另外,可能要求用户在设备监听话音输入之前按压设备上的屏幕上按钮(比如麦克风)。
可以向搜索引擎供应用户在那些控制检索词之后口述的字词作为涉及控制检索词的相关动作的变元(argument)。(例如设备的操作系统的开发者)还可以针对系统预定义其它控制检索词,或者第三方可以根据已经为这样的提交而限定的API来提供它们自己的将由系统监听的控制检索词。第三方还可以提供用于与它们的控制检索词有关的如下语法的信息,该语法可以由系统用来解析与相关控制检索词一起接收的用户输入。作为一个示例,媒体播放器应用可以将控制检索词“收听”与如下语法一起注册,该语法指示应当首先在存储于设备上的音乐轨道中并且其次在设备上的音乐组名称中搜索跟随于控制检索词之后的检索词。此外,可以基于使输入开始的控制检索词来选择用来将口述输入的其余部分转换成文本的语法。
下文也描述各种导航输出技术。例如,通常可以使用标准地图并且还使用天线或者卫星视图来可视地(并且用音频提示)提供导航,其中可以略微修改视图以使它表现为如同它们已经从用户向前旋转开以在用户显示器上生成三维效果。附加地或者备选地,可以向用户显示与用户的当前地理位置大致地对应的街道级照片。可以比如基于用户的速度或者用户与路线终点的邻近度在一方面为地图或者卫星视图与另一方面为街道级视图之间自动进行转变。例如,在用户能够在更慢速度更好地消化街道级地图数据的假设之下可以在他们减速时向他们示出街道级视图。此外,在用户更接近终点时将仔细寻找他们的目的地的假设之下可以在他们位于这样的点时向他们示出街道级图像。
此外,街道级视图的视角可以随用户迫近终点而改变。具体而言,视角可以沿着路线的大部分沿着道路向前,但是可以在用户迫近终点时转向路边,从而用户可以更容易看见路边上的建筑物以确定他们(用户)在正确位置。向用户的视图显示可以由多个图像组成(比如在用户现在所处位置先前捕获的图像),并且可以缝合在一起并且变形以便强调某些区域,比如与用户的显示器上的180度前全景相配、压缩用户前面的图像并且未压缩在所使用的每一侧的图像(当用户慢速驾驶时),或者让面向前方的图像在视觉上未压缩(当用户更快驾驶时)。
在另一导航实现中,移动设备可以在首次开始行程时下载和高速缓存所有街道级图像,并且可以包括在用户移动时转变图像的本地代码,从而如果用户与网络的连接中断,则设备可以在去往目的地的一路上继续示出图像。
在一种实现中,一种计算机实施的方法包括:标识话音识别系统的多个口述前缀;针对将由计算设备的用户陈述的口述前缀之一,监视计算设备的语音输入;存储在通过监视来标识的口述前缀之后口述的一个或者多个检索词;将口述前缀与在计算设备上的动作相关;在存储的一个或者多个检索词中标识动作可以涉及的对象;以及用计算设备执行向对象施加动作的操作。前缀可以包括用于执行导航应用的指令,并且一个或者多个检索词描述地理地标。一个或者多个检索词也可以描述地理地标而不命名地理地标。另外,执行的操作可以包括确定从计算设备的当前位置到由一个或者多个检索词描述的位置的导航路线,前缀可以包括用于播放媒体文件的指令,并且一个或者多个检索词描述待播放的媒体文件,并且一个或者多个检索词可以是媒体文件中的内容的名称。
在一些方面中,一个或者多个检索词包括搜索查询,并且前缀标识将对搜索查询的搜索结果进行的操作。操作也可以包括针对指定类型的信息,解析与搜索结果对应的登陆页面,并且指定类型的信息可以包括位置。
在另一实现中,讨论存储如下指令的计算机可读介质,这些指令在一个或者多个计算机处理器上执行包括以下动作的动作:标识话音识别系统的多个口述前缀;针对将由计算设备的用户陈述的口述前缀之一,监视计算设备的语音输入;存储在通过监视来标识的口述前缀之后口述的一个或者多个检索词;将口述前缀与在计算设备上的动作相关;在存储的一个或者多个检索词中标识动作可以涉及的对象;以及用计算设备执行向对象施加动作的操作。
在附图和下文描述中阐述一个或者多个实施方式的细节。根据描述和附图并且根据权利要求书将清楚其它特征和优点。
附图说明
图1示出了如下导航系统中的概念信息流,该系统对口述自然语言查询做出响应并且提供用于导航的街道级成像。
图2A示出了音乐坞接系统和形式为触屏智能电话的移动计算设备。
图2B示出了坞接的移动计算设备的示意图。
图3示出了用于移动计算设备的示例汽车坞接站。
图4是用于向移动设备的用户提供导航信息的系统的示意图。
图5A至图5D是用于在智能电话或者相似计算设备上执行的与导航有关的过程的流程图。
图6A至图6E示出了基于智能电话的导航应用的示例屏幕截图。
图7是可以用来实施在本文献中描述的系统和方法的系统的概念图。
图8是作为客户端或者作为一个服务器或者多个服务器的、可以用来实施在本文献中描述的系统和方法的计算设备的框图。
在各种附图中的相似标号表示相似单元。
具体实施方式
本文献描述用于提供导航辅助(例如驾驶指引)(包括响应于口述查询)并且使用各种图形技术的系统和技术。口述输入可以前置有载体短语,并且可以包括非传统内容(比如未包括位置或者场所的地址或者名称的短语——例如“到附近咖啡店的指引”)。可以向远离在其上接收口述输入的计算设备的服务器系统发送该输入中的一些或者全部的音频,并且服务器系统可以将音频转换成文本、生成口述输入中的查询的结果、并继而进一步执行操作以向计算设备提供如下程序代码,该程序代码并非简单地是针对该输入的搜索结果。例如可以解析示例查询以生成查询“咖啡店”,并且可以使用检索词“附近”作为针对搜索的排行结果的元数据,从而最近咖啡店排行更高。
然后可以访问最好结果的登陆页面(例如通过访问页面的DOM),并且可以从该页面标识和解析与位置有关的信息(比如地址)。与位置有关的信息然后可以用来查找纬度/经度对,并继而推断用户既定的结果的位置。系统然后可以传递在计算设备上生成并继续逐向导航应用的信息,或者开始传递该信息,从而在设备在新地理位置报告时,可以使设备更新地图或者其它视图,并且生成口头驾驶指引。
中央系统的搜索也可以生成通常可以用指向如下登陆页面的摘录的形式显示的多种搜索结果,这些登陆页面是用户响应于看到搜索结果并且点击结果之一而去往的实际网页。在这一示例中,系统可以解析登陆页面或者登陆页面可以先前已经被解析以标识与登陆页面相关联的地址或者其它位置信息。各种机制可以用来在向用户返回信息之前确定是否已经满足结果确信度的足够水平,并且最终可以向导航应用提供地址信息作为用户的路线的终点。在其它示例中,在存在多个搜索结果和对应位置时,可以将结果的列表与它们的地址一起呈现给用户,并且用户可以选择结果之一作为导航路线的终点。因此,例如可以比如通过将“导航到这一结果”或者相似链接与特定结果一起置于结果列表中来使得向用户提供导航信息成为如下搜索结果的用户可选选项,系统能够为这些搜索结果确定地理地址。
当用户确定接收导航指引时,在设备上的特定呈现可以采用如下地图的形式,在该地图上与用户沿着在两点之间的预定路径的运动协同显示代表计算设备的当前位置的移动点。可以提供地图或者相似动画表示以示出在点之间的路线,并且可以比如通过将代表用户随着设备和车辆的移动的图标置于屏幕的中央来指示用户的进度。
在这里的示例中,可以产生这样的呈现,并且它也可以补充有区域的卫星视图和在用户导航时在他们周围的区域或者在用户前方充分距离的区域的街道级视图,从而可以向用户给予他们沿着路径前往的地方的预览。因此例如用户可以可视地标识行程的信息,并且中央系统可以标识行程的起点、然后计算在起点与终点之间的路径,其中起点通常为用户的当前位置。系统然后可以下载为了提供用户的导航信息的传统显示(例如作为逐向指引)而需要的信息,并且也可以向用户的设备下载沿着路线的大量多个数字照片图像,其中图像先前由已经沿着路线的部分驾驶的摄影师捕获(比如通过公知GOOGLE STREETVIEW服务)。
可以在用户沿着路径移动时以各种方式向它们显示各种类型的信息。例如用户可以根据他们想看的细节和屏幕杂波(clutter)水平来手动选择显示地图信息或者卫星信息。用户可以手动或者自动下拉数据显示以查看街道级视图。到街道级或者从街道级的自动转变可以例如基于用户的当前速度,或者用户与起点或者终点的邻近度。具体而言,当用户相对缓慢行进时,可以优选向用户示出街道级视图,并且这同样在用户接近起点或者终点时成立。同样,用户可以偏好于在他们接近终点时看到在侧向的视图,从而他们可以看见他们应在其前停止的特定建筑物。
当提供沿着路线的图像时,可以全部在行程起点、在计算设备沿着路线移动时或者沿着路线分批地从服务器系统取读它们。图像可以在移动设备穿越路径时平稳地一个接一个转变以便向用户给予他们注视他们的挡风玻璃或者车窗这样的感觉(并且图像应当以与增强现实相似的方式与用户在任何情况下在他或者她周围看到的事物匹配)。系统也可以在不同显示类型之间转变——例如从行程的大部分的地图视图开始、但是当用户减速或者接近目的地时移向STREETVIEW街道级图像视图。
参照每幅附图提供这里讨论的概念的具体实现。
图1示出了如下导航系统中的概念信息流,该系统对口述自然语言查询做出响应并且提供用于导航的高空和街道级成像。一般而言,系统100比如以口述查询输入的形式从移动计算设备104的用户102接收输入。系统100可以使用与设备104远离的服务器系统108并且可以解译口述输入以向设备104返回提供信息用于显示逐向导航应用(比如从为用户102确定当前位置到在用户102提供的口述查询中(隐式或者显式)反映的位置)。
更具体参照图中的组件,用户102可以是设备104的所有者并且可以先前已经通过网络(比如因特网106)向在服务器系统108的用户账户中记录设备104(从而设备104可以在后续提交时由服务器系统108标识)。服务器系统108可以包括一个或者多个服务器,该服务器可以提供多种服务(比如搜索、映射、电子邮件和导航辅助)。
从设备104向服务器系统108提交查询由图中的箭头A指示。提交可以是以前置有载体短语的自然语言口述查询的形式。例如当用户希望接收去往特定地理位置的指引时,前置载体短语可以是“导航到”。查询的其余部分可以包括位置的名称(比如“大街123号”或者“Bob牛排馆”)或者可以包括未显式标识位置的信息(比如“本镇最好的牛排餐厅”)。
在服务器系统108处,可以通过标准的话音-文本技术来转换提交以标识指示待采取的动作的查询。例如可以起初标识载体短语“导航到”以便确定在对设备14做出响应时采取什么动作。这样的动作可以包括确定导航的一个或者多个位置以便能够生成用于向设备104返回的路线和路线地图数据。
可以使用口述输入的其余部分(在载体短语或者控制字词之后)作为用于该动作的变元或者参数。在一个示例中,当提供位置的显式标识符时(例如Bob牛排餐厅),可以执行查找以标识该位置的地址、然后通过扩展来标识位置的纬度/经度坐标。当未提供显式标识符时,可以向作为服务器系统108一部分的搜索引擎传递用于查询的文本,该搜索引擎可以在搜索引擎索引110中搜索内容。例如可以对用于在用户102的当前位置周围的区域的信息全集进行搜索。另外例如在箭头A指示的发送中接收的设备104的当前位置可以用来标识用户102的位置,并且文字的其余部分可以用来标识该位置的搜索结果并且对搜索结果排级。
在牛排餐厅的所述示例中,可以将一个搜索结果指示为比所有其它搜索结果更好,因为相关联餐厅的网页(搜索结果的登陆页面)指示它是特定城市中的最好牛排餐厅而其它网页可以指向该网页并且包含相似语言。这样的信息可以使该结果具有比其它场所中的最好牛排餐厅或者未提及最好牛排餐厅的本地网页更高的查询相关度。
对响应于口述导入而执行的动作的确定虽然这里描述为出现于服务器系统108上,但是可以类似地出现于设备104上。同时,查询的其余部分的话音-文本转换可以出现于服务器系统108上。因此例如设备104可以具有它监听的少量检索词语法,其中那些检索词包括已经向设备104分配或者已经由设备104的用户102添加的载体短语。其它这样的载体短语可以包括“收听”(针对如下用户指示,该指示表明他们想要设备104上的媒体播放器播放如下歌曲,该歌曲的标题在载体短语之后由用户口述)、“播放”(用于指示用户想让歌曲或者其它媒体文件在设备100上播放)、“去往”(用于指示用户想让设备104上的Web浏览器自动导航到与用户在载体短语之后口述的任何检索词的名称匹配的web页面)以及其它适当载体短语。
当设备104初始标识载体短语时,它可以基于它对载体短语的确定向服务器系统108提供相关元数据。例如当载体短语为“导航到”时,设备104可以包括如下信息,该信息指示从设备104上的GPS功能获得的设备104的当前地理位置。可以在箭头A指示的通信中传递的这样的元数据可以辅助服务器系统108预备用于向设备104返回的信息以使设备104能够恰当显示导航应用。
现在参照服务器系统108在向设备104返回提供导航信息时的动作,当已经标识结果时,可以确定该结果的地理位置。作为一个示例,结果的登陆页面可以包括地址或者共同标注的如下链接(例如“关于我们”、“指引”或者“联系我们”),该链接指向包括地址的页面。可以在用户录入查询时或者在先前时间从页面解析(并且在结构化数据库中存储)这样的信息。备选地,可以向如下查找表提交结果的名称(比如企业的名称),该查找表将地点名称与位置相关。以这一方式和其它方式,服务器系统可以生成与接收的如下查询对应的位置,该查询未包括比如按照地址或者地点名称对位置的显式标识。
当服务器系统108已经标识查询的位置(即导航的目的地)时,它可以生成在设备的当前位置与查询的确定的目的地位置之间的路线。服务器系统108然后可以收集在服务器系统108存储的地图瓦片114用于向设备104提供并且也可以先前在沿着路线的点拍摄的收集街道级数字图像116。此外,服务器系统108可以收集其它信息(比如用于生成将在用户在路线上之时重叠于显示上的注解的信息118)。这样的信息可以包括沿着路线的加油站和其它兴趣点的地理信息,从而用户可选管脚或者其它图标可以叠加或者注解到路线的显示上并且如果用户想要了解关于那些特定对象的更多信息则可以由他们进行选择。
在某些实施方式中,可以确定用户录入的查询的最好搜索结果,并且特别在结果正确的置信度高时可以向用户立即提供导航信息。在其它实现中,可以确定最好结果,并且在服务器系统108执行其它操作之前,它可以向设备104返回该结果的描述(例如确定为区域中最好的牛排馆的名称),从而用户可以确认系统是否已经发现用户计划中的目的地。例如,如果用户查询镇内最好的牛排餐厅并且系统选择快餐店,则可以向用户示出可选控件以查看下一搜索结果。在某些实现中,可以将第一结果与近似5秒的倒计时计数器一起显示给用户102,从而如果用户102未肯定地拒绝第一标识结果,则在倒计时计数器到时时将向设备104自动递送该结果的导航信息。如下文针对设备104的示例所示,当服务器系统108可以提供相关信息时,标准逐向导航实现可以显示于设备104上并且可以伴随有在设备104上生成的口述指引。
如下文更完全讨论的那样,可以在向用户显示导航信息时实现各种实现。例如,除了沿着路线的照片之外还提供地图瓦片(tile)或者其它绘制项目可以实现针对设备104的用户的更好显示。例如可以在沿着行程的一些点示出地图瓦片或者相似绘制表示,而可以在其它位置示出路线的照片。作为一个示例,可以在用户到达他们的目的地时示出照片,从而他们可以更好地比较他们在街道级视图现实看到的事物与他们在他们的导航应用中从街道级视图看到的事物(比如店面)。
同样,除了从街道级拍摄的相关数字图像之外,沿着路线和在路线的每侧上的合理距离内的地图瓦片可以在用户请求导航指引时预先高速缓存于设备上。然后可以在用户沿着路线移动时从设备104本地供应项目。以这一方式,导航应用需要的相关图形项目可以都存储于设备104上的相对小的空间中(与存储用于大型地理区域的所有数据相比),并且即使用户102失去与网络的连接,导航应用仍然可以继续工作。这样的特征可以在网络停用很普遍时或者在用户利用可以具有WiFi或者类似能力(但是并非3G或者4G蜂窝能力)的设备时特别有益。
通过使用这里讨论的技术,移动计算设备的用户可以容易接收用于执行各种操作(包括生成导航指引)的用户输入(包括口述输入),并且可以向用户提供如下结果,这些结果涉及他们请求的特定操作以及他们针对该操作而请求处理的特定数据。可以自动提供并且可以用对于设备的用户而言特别有用的方式呈现数据的呈现。
图2A示出了音乐坞接系统250和形式为触屏智能电话的移动计算设备。此图示意性示出了如下系统,在该系统中,在坞接设备时产生有线电连接,并且电连接触发在设备上发生其它动作。在该图中,坞接站254采用如下装置的相似形式,该装置可以插入标准电插座中并且包括放大器和扬声器以及其它组成,并且坞接站一般为用于移动计算设备(比如音乐播发器或者智能电话)的家用音乐坞接站。
可以触发的动作包括在坞接设备或者去坞接设备时自动切换设备的模式或者状态(包括在设备切换进入的模式依赖于坞接站的类型时)。例如,设备可以在它坞接到音乐播放坞接站(如该图中所示坞接站)中时采用特定主题或者模式(包括通过形成与坞接站的蓝牙链路用于通过坞接站中的扬声器播放音乐)。对照而言,当设备置于与汽车有关的坞接站中时,设备可以采用不同主题(包括通过起动地图绘制或者导航应用并且也向坞接站上的扬声器提供音频输出或者如果在车辆中存在音频系统则与车辆中的这样的系统形成蓝牙连接)。
当移动设备在物理上连接到坞接站254时示出了设备的第一设备状态252A,并且当已经后续去坞接设备时示出了第二设备状态252B。充电机制在图中由如下电源电压260示意地示出,通过物理坞接连接器258提供该电源电压以对设备中的电池再充电并且允许设备在它被坞接时操作。坞接站254还具有可以示出时间或者设计坞接站254的状态的显示器(包括经由从设备接收的信息)。
图2B示出了坞接的移动计算设备的示意图。一般而言,示意图示出了可以在设备上提供以便基于去坞接或者坞接到特定坞接站类型的设备的状态来管理设备上的切换模式的各种部件。
在设备中的输入管理器212管理对设备的输入(包括对设备上的屏幕的触摸输入)。输入管理器212可以将这样的输入与显示于设备上的应用相关以便允许设备的用户起动这样的应用并且与该应用交互,以及与在设备上执行的操作系统的部件交互。显示管理器214与触摸管理器协调并且控制什么项显示于什么位置、哪些项将在其它项上部示出以及将示出哪些项为在特定时间具有设备的焦点。
连接管理器218比如以上文讨论的方式管理设备的坞接和无线连接。例如连接管理器218可以基于它的坞接方式推断设备的上下文并且可以通知可以在设备200的处理器上运行的各种应用216(包括上文和下文更完全讨论的导航应用)。电源管理器208和电压传感器209配合以确定设备何时已经插入电源中并且也确定某些活动何时可以在已经插入设备之后出现于设备上。设备也可以确定它已经被坞接并且可以使用在设备与坞接站之间的电或者磁连接来确定坞接站的坞接站类型——其中在特定位置存在连接代表坞接站类型或者其中可以通过连接(例如,串行地)发送数据,从而设备可以查询坞接站或者确定坞接站类型。最后,设备200可以运用各种无线接口220-224以便按照多种模式(比如蓝牙、WiFi、3G和其它蜂窝连接)进行通信。
图3示出了用于移动计算设备的示例汽车坞接站。在该图中,汽车坞接站302包括用于将汽车坞接站302装配到表面(例如汽车仪表板、汽车挡风玻璃、服务台或者墙壁)的基部304。基部304可以包括使基部304能够装配到一致表面的吸杯306。盘308可以粘附地附着到不平坦表面(例如波纹状汽车仪表板)以提供用于坞接站的一致表面。这样的装配机制可以用来将坞接站302装配到汽车的挡风玻璃,从而在设备上的显示器瞄准汽车的驾驶员并且从而驾驶员可以便利地运用各种应用(包括导航应用)。
基部304经由杆连接到坞接对象310。杆的第一端使用球节来与基部304连接,而杆的第二端用另一球节连接到坞接对象310。因此,坞接对象310可以转动以面向不同定向并且可以在风景与人像定向之间旋转。
坞接主体310包括由壁312包围的凹陷内部分302。凹陷内部分302和壁312被成形为对应于移动计算设备的特定机型。下壁312a和可收缩顶部锁销316可以至少部分包围移动设备的前表面以便将移动设备约束到坞接站302。在一些示例中,侧壁312b可以未部分包围前表面。换而言之,壁可以未多于半途沿圆周卷绕于移动设备的窄部分周围。
汽车坞接站302可以包括用于接收如下USB绳(未示出)的母USB插孔314,USB绳供应电力并且在一些示例中供应数据。汽车坞接站302也包括从坞接站的背侧辐射声音的扬声器318。在一些示例中,扬声器播放已经从移动设备向坞接站无线发送的音频(比如口述逐向导航命令)。音量摇杆开关326允许用户调整由扬声器318输出的音频的音量。汽车坞接站302还包括麦克风334。坞接麦克风334可以具有比在坞接站中接收的移动设备的麦克风更好地适合扩音器操作的音质。因此,坞接站302可以向坞接的设备无线发送使用坞接站麦克风334来接收的音频信号。
第一管脚332向坞接的设备提供正电压电信号。第二管脚330向设备提供参考电压。第三管脚328可以用于在设备与坞接站302之间的串行数据通信。可以用与图3的管脚306-310相同的间距和定向提供管脚328-432。换而言之,在两个设备中的管脚接触在坞接站之间移动的移动计算机设备的相同部分。
设备可以被编程为在它被物理上坞接时识别电源的存在并且由于这样的识别而然后开始确定坞接站的坞接站类型(例如音乐坞接站、汽车坞接站等)的过程。当确定坞接站类型为音乐坞接站时,可以在设备上自动起动音乐应用,并且产生蓝牙连接以开始从设备向坞接站传递音频(其中即使在从坞接站移除设备之后仍然可以维持连接)。针对汽车坞接站可以发生相似动作,但是备选地或此外,导航应用可以被自动起动并且可以显示用户的当前位置(如例如从包括GPS功能的设备上的传感器单元确定)的地图或者其它可视指示并且可以用上文和下文描述的方式接收目的地位置的输入以便自动开始向用户提供逐向指引或者其它导航指导。
在某些实例中,设备可以被编程为响应于被坞接通过坞接站或者用与坞接站关联的系统自动获得或者提供某些信息。例如当坞接站在汽车中时,设备可以获得关于汽车的当前状态的信息(包括汽车的当前RPM、汽车在其中操作的传动装置、汽车的速度、汽车中的空调和娱乐系统的状态以及其它信息)。此外,设备可以被编程为作为汽车中的娱乐系统的部分或者完整首部单元来操作(或者汽车中的屏幕可以充当设备的首部单元)。例如,汽车可以仅有放大器、扬声器和关联硬件、但是无输入和输出机制。移动计算设备可以服务于输入和输出机制的作用,并且还可以提供数字音乐的编码和解码以及其它这样的常见操作。以这一方式,汽车的所有者可以能够通过更新移动计算设备上的软件来更新他们的汽车立体声系统的交互,并且可以定制他们的汽车中的他们的娱乐系统与他们交互的方式。同样,在用户获取更新移动计算设备时,用户对他们的汽车中的他们的移动娱乐系统的体验也可以改进。另外,用户可以具有优先体验,因为他们面向的用户接口在他们在家里或者到处走动时如与他们在驾驶他们的汽车时相比不会在他们的交互之间不同或者明显不同。移动计算设备也可以充当作为汽车一部分的接口的补充接口。例如汽车可以提供无线电站选择和其它常见动作,而移动计算设备可以提供对存储于移动计算设备上的特定歌曲标题或者其它媒体文件的选择。
作为涉及坞接的又一实施方式,当物理上坞接移动计算设备时可以在移动计算设备与坞接站或者与坞接站关联的设备之间产生分离的有线和无线连接。无线连接可以是以相似方式的电源连接并且可以用来在移动设备被坞接时对它再充电。也可以提供有线数据连接,但是如果和在从坞接站移除移动设备时将中断该数据连接。因此作为有线数据连接的备选或者除了有线数据连接之外,在坞接出现时还可以自动形成无线数据连接。即使在已经去坞接移动计算设备之后,这样的连接仍然可以用来在移动计算设备与坞接站或者与坞接站关联的设备之间传送文件或者其它信息。
因此例如用户可以将他们的便携计算设备坞接到音乐或者视频系统,并且可以发生无线握手协商以在无线计算设备与坞接站之间建立数据链路。用户然后可以选择开始播放媒体文件,并且媒体文件可以比如在坞接站为扬声器系统时通过坞接站或者通过与坞接站关联的设备(比如连接到坞接站的视频监视器)播放,其中坞接站提供电视播放、记录和类似功能(比如个人视频记录器功能)。在时间段之后,用户可能想要携带移动计算设备、但是继续播放存储于移动计算设备上的一个或者多个媒体文件。用户因此可以去坞接设备,并且数据发送可以通过在移动计算设备与坞接站之间的无线接口继续。随着设备被去坞接,用户可以比如通过在用户的家里到处移动并且改变媒体文件、调整音量电平、改变将在其中播放媒体的房间或者其它相似动作来如遥控器那样运用设备。
图4是移动设备422和用于向设备422的用户提供导航信息的系统420的框图。一般而言,系统420包括在设备422上操作的如下软件,该软件与在服务器系统432的软件配合执行导航应用的托管版本。在这样的示例中,设备422可以与用户交互并且可以发送用于将在服务器系统432上执行的各条处理(比如话音-文本转换、将搜索查询转换成比如以纬度/经度格式的地理位置和与如下数据协同供应地图瓦片或者图像,该数据可以允许在设备422上执行的导航应用430以上文和下文描述的方式与用户交互)的信息。
在所示示例中,移动设备422为智能电话。在其它实现中,移动设备422可以是个人数字助理、膝上计算机、上网本、相机、腕表或者另一类型的移动电子设备。移动设备422包括相机和用于向用户显示文本、图像和图形(包括相机捕获的图像)的显示屏423。在一些实现中,显示屏423是用于接收用户输入的触屏。例如用户使用手指或者触笔来解除显示屏423以便选择由显示屏423显示的项目、录入文本或者控制移动设备422的功能。移动设备422还包括用于接收用户输入的一个或者多个输入设备(比如轨迹球424)。例如轨迹球424可以用来做出选择、返回到主页屏幕、在组中的多个项目内滚动或者控制移动设备422的功能。作为另一示例,一个或者多个输入设备包括用于在菜单和文字内滚动的点击轮。
移动设备422包括用于控制移动设备422的功能的多个模块(包括用于控制信息接收和触发对移动设备422的用户提供导航服务的模块)。可以使用硬件、软件或者二者的组合来实施模块。移动设备422包括可以负责表现用于在显示屏403上呈现的内容的显示控制器426。与图2B中的显示管理器214类似,显示控制器426可以从多个来源接收与图形有关的内容并且可以确定将如何向用户提供内容。例如可能需要显示用于移动设备422上的各种应用442的多个不同窗口,并且显示控制器426可以确定显示哪个窗口、隐藏哪个窗口以及当在各种图形对象之间有交叠时显示或者隐藏什么。显示控制器426可以包括用于提供用于与显示的部件交互的特定功能的各种如下部件,这些部件可以在多个应用之间共享并且可以例如由移动设备422的操作系统供应。
可以与图2B的输入管理器212相同或者相似的输入控制器428可以负责转译由移动设备422的用户提供的命令。例如这样的命令可以来自键盘、来自显示屏423的触屏功能、来自轨迹球424或者来自其它这样的来源(包括专用按钮或者软按钮(例如如下按钮,这些按钮的功能可以随时间改变并且这些按钮的功能可以显示于显示屏403的与特定按钮相邻的区域上))。输入控制器428可以例如确定在显示器的什么区域中接收命令并且因此确定命令既定用于显示器上示出的什么应用中。此外,它可以将触屏423上的输入运动解译成共同格式并且向适当应用传递那些解译的运动(例如短按、长按、轻弹和直线拖动)。输入控制器428还可以向事件管理器(未示出)报告这样的输入,该事件管理器又将它们报告给适当模块或者应用。例如查看显示于显示屏423上的选项菜单的用户使用移动设备422的跟踪球424或者触屏功能之一来选择选项之一。输入控制器428接收输入并且使移动设备422基于输入来执行功能。
多种应用442可以一般经由共同微处理器在移动设备422上操作。应用442可以采取多种形式(比如地图绘制和导航应用、电子邮件和其它消息应用、图像查看和编辑应用、视频捕获和编辑应用、网上浏览器应用、音乐和视频播放器以及在网上浏览器内运行的或者运行网上浏览器的扩展的各种应用)。在某些实例中,应用之一(导航应用430)可以被编程为经由网络450向服务器系统432传达信息。
无线接口440管理与如下无线网络的通信,该无线网络可以是也输送语音通信的数据网络。无线接口440可以比如根据下文讨论的示例以相似方式操作并且可以提供移动设备422与消息服务(比如文本消息、电子邮件和电话语音邮件消息)的通信。此外,无线接口440可以支持通过无线网络下载和上传内容和计算机代码。无线接口440还可以比如在结果提供给设备422并且需要以上文和下文讨论的方式向另一设备自动转发时通过近程网络来比如与在与设备422相同的房间中的其它设备通信。
移动设备422的相机控制器432从相机接收图像数据并且控制相机的功能。例如相机控制器432可以从相机接收一个或者多个图像的图像数据(例如,静止图片或者实时视频图像)并且可以向显示控制器426和/或向一个或者多个应用442提供图像数据。
仍然参照图4,根据一些实现,导航应用430使用移动设备422的GPS单元438以确定移动设备422的位置。例如,GPS单元438从一个或者多个全球定位卫星接收信号并且可以使用信号以确定移动设备422的当前位置。在一些实现中,移动设备422包括如下模块而不是GPS单元438,该模块使用发射塔三角测量法或者另一位置标识方法来确定移动设备422的位置。在一些实现中,移动设备422使用位置信息(该位置信息使用GPS单元438来确定)以标识与移动设备422的位置关联的地理编码信息。在这样的实现中,向导航应用430提供由GPS单元438获得或者确定的位置信息。在一些实现中,导航应用430使用位置信息以标识存储于移动设备422上的地理编码数据446。
地理编码数据446包括与特定地理位置相关联的信息。例如地理编码数据可以包括与特定位置相关联的建筑物名称、企业名称和信息、历史信息、图像、视频文件和音频文件。作为另一示例,与公园的位置关联的地理编码数据可以包括公园的小时、公园的名称、关于位于公园内的之物的信息、关于位于公园内的雕像的信息、关于公园的历史信息和公园规则(例如“不允许狗进入”)。地理编码信息也可以包括将向设备422的用户显示的地图瓦片或者数字图像。
导航应用430可以使用移动设备422的当前位置以标识与移动设备422的位置近邻的地理位置相关联的信息,该信息比如用于用比如用于用户可能想要拜访的本地企业的信息这样的信息注解导航应用的显示。在一些实现中,地理编码数据446存储于移动设备422的存储器(比如硬驱动、快闪驱动或者SD卡)上。在一些实现中,移动设备422可以不含预存储的地理编码数据。在一些实施方式中,存储于移动设备422上的地理编码数据446不与在与移动设备422的当前位置的相对邻近内的位置相关联。可以用各种方式使用地理信息(比如向中央服务器系统432传递数据,从而中央服务器系统可以标识移动设备的当前位置并且由此设置该位置作为初始位置或者可以知道在移动设备422移动时向设备传递哪个导航)。
设备422在一些示例中利用罗盘单元436或者磁力计以例如确定设备422上的相机在相机的水平面内的当前查看方向。换而言之,罗盘单元436确定移动设备422的用户用移动设备420注视的方向。如果设备422向服务器系统432传递图像比如为了向服务器系统432提交查询或者为了从多个用户向在位置的图像拼贴画添加图像,则可以使用由罗盘单元436提供的查看方向信息。在一些实现中,移动设备422还包括可以进一步用来标识用户的位置、移动或者其它这样的因素的加速度计单元434或者陀螺仪。
仍然参照图4,根据一些实现,移动设备422包括用户数据448。用户数据448可以包括用户偏好或者与移动设备422的用户相关联的其它信息。例如用户数据448可以包括用户近来已经拜访的多个位置,从而那些位置可以优先于其它位置由导航系统建议(并且如果用户输入为口头则可以添加到话音-文本语法)。用户数据448还可以指示用户想要显示导航信息的方式。例如用户可以总是想要看见地图视图或者卫星视图,或者用户可以建立预设使得在某些条件之下显示地图视图而在其它条件之下显示街道视图。
可以在浏览器中运行的或者作为独立应用的导航应用430可以用多种方式来与服务器系统432交互。例如在从用户收集口述输入时,设备432可以在操作系统中提供用于将口述输入转换成文字的一般应用。服务器系统432可以识别该输入中的载体短语并且可以使用该载体短语以选择该输入涉及的应用并且可以用文本形式将用于应用的标识符(例如导航应用430的载体短语为“导航到”)与输入的其余部分一起返回提供给设备423。导航应用然后可以将文本返回传递直至服务器系统432作为如下查询,该查询可以由服务器系统32分析以例如标识导航的目标。备选地,服务器系统可以执行文字到话音并且确定位置信息而未向设备422返回传递文字。导航应用430然后可以比如以上文和下文讨论的方式等待接收用于为了导航而与用户交互的代码和其它数据。例如,导航应用可以将地图瓦片或者街道级图像与如下数据一起接收,该数据指定用于那些对象的地理位置。导航应用然后可以使用这样的信息以生成设备422的用户的交互导航体验。
图5A至图5D是用于在智能电话或者相似计算设备上执行的与导航有关的过程的流程图。图5A是用于响应于口述用户查询来生成导航信息的过程的流程图。一般而言,该过程涉及到接收如下用户查询,这些用户查询可以前置有载体短语(比如“导航到”)并且跟随有位置的名称或者地址或者备选地不包括位置名称或者地址的查询。
该过程始于框502,其中接收搜索查询。可以初始在计算设备并且后续在服务器系统接收查询。查询可以包括如下载体短语或者触发检索词,该载体短语或者触发检索词标识用户想要对其执行的任务类型或者类别。例如如上文所示,检索词可以是“导航到”、“去往”、“收听”、“播放”、“支付”(用于指示比如在电子支付系统中应当接收支付转账的第二用户的姓名)、“发送到”(以便自动形成消息(比如电子邮件消息(其中后续口述检索词可以标识消息的内容)))等。也可以接收无前置载体短语的查询,并且查询然后可以简单地视为旨在于作为向标准搜索引擎的输入的查询。在这样的情形中,搜索结果列表可以用正常方式呈现于设备的显示器上。因而普通语音搜索可以与设备上的由用户限定的动作集成。
在框504标识口述输入中的触发字词或者载体短语。这样的标识可以发生于移动设备或者服务器系统上并且可以发生于从框506将口述输入的全部或者部分转换成文本之前或者之后。例如移动设备可以在用户(比如通过按压设备的显示器上的麦克风图标)肯定地指示他们想要这样的监听时监视载体短语或者可以在查询特定载体短语之时持续监视口述输入。当移动设备听到载体短语时,它可以开始保存后续口述输入,并且当后续口述输入如通过扬声器的暂停而识别的那样结束时,可以向服务器系统传递后续口述输入(该输入可以是来自用户的查询)的文件。此外,文件的元数据可以与该输入一起传递,并且移动设备选择的待传递的特定元数据可以依赖于口述的特定载体短语。例如,如果载体短语为“支付”,则可以向服务器系统传递设备的用户的金融账户标识符,从而服务器系统可以自动实现交易。对照而言,当载体短语为“导航到”时,附加数据可以是移动计算设备的当前地理位置。元数据也可以用来辅助比如通过选择与待执行的特定话音-文本转换匹配的语法来辅助从话音-文本的转换。例如当载体短语为“支付”时,可以在语法中在重要性上提高比如美元、点(point)、美分和计数这样的字眼。对照而言,当载体短语为“导航到”时,可以在语法中提高比如街道、大街、顺序指引、州和镇的名称以及其它此类信息这样的检索词。
在框508,可以比如在服务器系统标识响应于查询的一个或者多个搜索结果。例如可以在载体短语为“导航到”时基于提交的载体短语来执行特定类型的搜索(比如本地搜索或者特定全集(比如黄页)的搜索)。在某些实现中,可以通过用搜索引擎分析索引来返回搜索结果列表,并且搜索结果本身可以不含与位置有关的信息。因此,可以比如以上文描述的方式分析搜索结果的登陆页面或者与每个搜索结果有关的其它相似文档,以寻找与地理位置有关的信息(框510)。
一旦获得指示搜索结果的地理位置或者地址的信息,并且如果确定搜索结果为用户的查询涉及的结果,则服务器系统可以开始收集用于向用户提供驾驶指引的数据。在一些实施方式中,可以通过向移动设备发送用于初始标识的搜索结果的标识符并且等待用户动作或者无动作(inaction)作为对初始结果正确或者错误的确认来确认初始标识的结果为既定结果的确定。在一个具体实施方式中,在某一时间段(例如若干秒)之后的用户无动作可以解译为指示结果正确,并且然后可以预备导航信息用于向移动设备传送。
在框512,发送用于在移动设备上自动生成导航应用显示的数据。这样的信息在上文有具体描述并且可以包括用于逐向驾驶指引的地图瓦片、数字照片图像、卫星高空图像、平面视图图像和类似的显示以及这些指示的附加信息。也可以包括附加信息以便在向用户呈现信息并且在对来自用户的输入和移动设备的位置改变做出响应时指引导航应用。上文和下文更具体描述这样的信息可以显示给用户,并且可以与用户交互的具体方式。
图5B是用于生成包括街道级成像的导航信息的过程的流程图。一般而言,该过程可以包括图5A中讨论的各种步骤、但是可以关于在沿着导航路线的特定区域中的街道级数字照片图像提供特定用户交互。
该过程始于框520,其中发送用于为涉及移动计算设备的行程确定起点和终点的数据。数据可以从移动设备发送到服务器或者由更大服务器系统中的子系统生成并且发送到另一子系统。
在框522,该过程接收如下导航信息,该导航信息限定路线和沿着路线的图像。例如,移动设备可以根据图5A中描述的过程操作以接收沿着在起点与终点之间确定的路线的街道级图像。接收的图像可以在沿着整个路线的成批图像中到大,并且移动设备可以存储图像用于以后在用户沿着路线移动时显示。备选地,移动设备可以在用户沿着路线移动时调用附加图像。
在框520,该过程感测移动设备的运动。可以通过使用设备上的GPS模块以类似方式(比如以常用来在地图绘制应用或者导航服务的地图上示出移动的方式)确定这样的运动。当感测到这样的运动时,可以更新沿着路线显示的图像用于在框256与用户沿着路线的移动协调显示。例如,如果用户注视路线的地图视图并且向南移动,则需要在屏幕随着用户的移动而摇动时获得新瓦片用于显示于显示屏的底部。备选地,在用户在路线上向前移动时,可能需要改变街道级照片以与在用户在路线上的当前位置周围拍摄的照片相匹配。这样的照片或者图像的改变可以是融合的而不是突然的,以便向用户给予与他们在他们的车辆的窗外经历的运动感相匹配的沿着路线的更多运动感。
在框528,在行程期间改变查看风格。查看风格反映向用户显示路线的角度或者用来显示路线的图形对象类型。例如,通常如卫星显示一样从正上方示出地图显示。同样,一些显示使用绘制的对象(地图或者多数导航显示),而其它显示使用拍照的图像(例如从先前行进路线一部分的车辆从所有角度拍摄的卫星和街道级显示)。
如上文描述的那样,查看风格改变可以响应于各种事件。在一个实现中,事件可以是导航指示显示于其中的车辆的速度改变。例如,如果车辆速度降至阈值以下,则显示风格无论是绘制还是照片图像都可以从显示绘制的图形或者高空图形改变成显示街道级图形。这样的改变可以在如下假设之下发生:用户在他们慢速移动时对看见建筑物正面更感兴趣,而他们在快速移动时对看见地图更感兴趣。显示风格改变也可以响应于用户的位置并且具体为用户存在于沿着路线的特定途中一点或者路线上的终点或者附近而出现。因此例如,如果重要地点的位置沿着路线(比如,体育馆),则可以在用户迫近体育馆时增强用户看见的视图以向用户示出体育馆的照片街道级图像。备选地,当用户在路线终点的预定距离内时,可以在如下假设之下比如在终点的四分之一英里内示出街道级照片,所述假设为:用户将寻找假定他们拜访的特定地点并且他们将想要看到目标位置的店面或者其它标识位置。
图5C是用于生成可以由客户端设备使用的导航信息的过程的流程图。一般而言,该过程与参照图5A和图5B讨论的过程相似并且可以并入来自这些过程的步骤、但是着重于有能力在移动设备需要用于路线的绘制或者照片图像之前从服务器系统获得这样的图像,从而即使移动设备与服务器系统的连接在行程期间中断仍然可以显示图像。
该过程始于框540,其中接收如下请求,该请求标识用于导航形成的地理位置(例如,起点和终点)。例如,服务器系统可以接收查询或者其它请求(比如上文参照图5A讨论的查询)。在框544,该过程确定行程的路线。例如,行程的起点可以由请求设备的当前位置确定,而行程的终点可以由如上文描述的机制确定。行程的路线可以使用各种用于标识路线的技术来确定,并且可以将比如预计道路速度(其中高速公路的移动比本地街道的速度更快)这样的因素纳入考虑之中以便提供在两点之间的简易和快速的路线。
在框546,生成沿着路线的点的导航数据。例如,特定地理点可以在系统中用来标识与那些点相关的数据。这样的数据可以包括场所(比如如下企业,这些企业指示希望让它们的信息显示于地图或者导航应用上)的数据。信息还可以包括图像(包括绘制(例如地理的地图瓦片)或者照片表示)。每条这样的信息可以与特定地理点相关以便容易恢复该信息。因此,例如路线可以具有沿着路线按间隔(比如每10英尺)设置的点,并且这里的过程可以查询每个这样的点以收集与沿着路线的每点对应的图像。
在框548,可以取读先前沿着路线拍摄的照片图像并且可以与如下关联元数据一起递送到移动设备,该元数据用于在设备上(比如在设备上执行的导航应用上)生成整个路线的导航逐向显示。在框550,向移动设备发送导航数据和预先捕获的图像。这样的发送可以发生于服务器系统已经标识设备沿着路线的任何运动之前。因此,传送可以覆盖整个路线或者路线的大部分的所有图像可以是为了完成手头上的导航作业而需要从服务器系统向移动设备的最后发送。以这一方式,刚才描述的过程可以提供用来接收导航信息的便利和便携机制并且可以由不能承担或者不具有可靠长距离数据连接的用户(比如依赖于网络节点的WiFi接入点的用户)运用。
图5D是用于使用口述载体短语来标识在计算设备上执行的动作的过程的流程图。一般而言,该过程涉及到接收口述输入、标识那些输入中的控制检索词或者载体短语、使用载体短语以选择用于对后续口述输入(例如在载体短语之后立即口述的字词)执行的特定动作、将后续输入转换成文本并且对后续输入执行所选一个或者多个动作。
该过程始于框560,其中为话音识别系统标识一个或者多个口述前缀。前缀可以在计算设备上的保留检索词列表中,其中保留检索词被设计成反映用户针对特定动作的特定请求。上文讨论某些这样的检索词,并且优选地选择这些检索词为用户将仅在他们想要调用特定动作时而不是在其它上下文中的常见对话中口述的检索词。一旦向系统提供保留检索词,所述系统可以在它听见那些检索词时执行特定限定动作。
在框560,系统开始监视语音输入以确定用户何时在计算设备上口述载体短语之一。可以仅在从用户显式指示他或者她想要口述输入时执行这样的监视,或者监视可以更连续。当监视更连续时,各种机制可以用来保护可以收集的个人信息。例如所有监视可以仅发生于用户的本地设备上,并且可以存储监视的信息仅持续为了确定是否口述载体短语而需要的短时间。同样,可以立即哈希所有监视的信息,并且可以比较被哈希的信息与载体短语的被哈希版本,从而除了在可以知道来自用户的实际输入与载体短语匹配之外不能确定该输入。
当标识出形式为载体短语的前缀时,该过程然后可以存储在前缀或者载体短语之后口述的一个或者多个检索词。例如,设备一旦标识载体就可以开始记录并且可以继续记录直至用户进行预定持续时间的暂停。
在框566,将口述前缀与可以在计算设备上执行的动作相关。例如动作可以包括播放歌曲、向另一用户支付金额、生成导航或者地图信息和上文讨论的其它示例。
在框510,可以标识用户口述的后续检索词以便对它们执行动作。这样的标识可以包括对在框564出现的存储口述检索词执行话音-文本转换。在框570,该过程使动作在计算设备上执行以将标识出的动作应用于标识出的对象(subject)(其由后续口述的字词来代表)。例如当动作为“播放”并且对象为Lynyrd Skynyrd时,动作可以是播放存储于移动设备的歌曲或者标识为由乐队Lynyrd Skynyrd演唱的歌曲列表。还可以响应于来自用户的其它口述导入来后续执行其它操作(其中载体短语充当动作的动词而用户的后续口述输入充当动作的对象)。一般而言,动词标识出应当针对该输入而执行的应用。对象代表系统中的应当由该动作作用的对象或者其它项目。这样的对象的示例包括图形位置、艺术家或者歌曲名称、收款人、电子邮件消息收件人和其它类似项目。
以这一方式,可以允许用户容易向他们的移动设备中口述动作的速记、跟随有动作的参数。可以用对于用户而言直观的方式选择载体短语,从而用户可以容易控制他们的移动设备的口述导入并且因此实现他们的设备的简单免提操作。因而这样的设备的用户可以增加他们对设备的使用并且可以更多享用他们的设备。
图6A至图6E示出了基于智能电话的导航应用的示例屏幕截图。一般而言,图像示出了可以由这里讨论的系统生成的特定示例用户显示。
图6A是具有3D效果的地图在设备602上的显示而路线沿地图的中间。在该显示的顶部以熟悉的方式示出逐向指引,并且估计到达时间在底部拐角与如下点一起示出,该点被着色成表达即将到来的交通情形(绿、黄和红)。沿着路线也示出了各种设施的标针(pin)。尽管处于风景模式,在右侧也示出了类似显示。
可以已经使用上文讨论的技术来确定用于导航的路线。显示于设备602上的信息可以由各种服务器系统提供给设备602上的导航应用,并且可以从单个接口服务器(例如,网上服务器)或者从多个不同服务器发送到设备602。例如,背景图像可以由特定服务器子系统供应,而用于生成注解(例如,用于餐厅和其它地点的标针)的数据导航应用可以操作以组合这样的信息、示出用于形成的路径的叠加线并且根据设备602的当前地理位置更新显示。
图6B与图6A相似,并且在设备604上在风景定向中示出了导航显示。首部向用户可视地指示他们需要在1.4英里右转,并且这样的指导可以用与转向点接近相似的方式跟随有口头口述通报。首部也突出地示出将在其上出现转弯的街道的名称。也在显示的左下拐角中示出了在到达之前的估计时间。
图6C示出了3D效果的略微角度的天线或者卫星视图。同样,线条(叠加有箭头)示出了路线,显示表明将需要在200英尺左转进入橡树大街,ETA为21分钟,并且绿点指示即将到来的交通流量少。
图6D和图6E示出了来自移动设备608上的导航应用的街道级视图。在左边视图中,用户沿着街道向前注视,而在右手图像中,视点已经有些向右旋转,因为目的地餐厅将在用户的该侧上。因此,如果导航在这一图像上结束,则驾驶员可以知道他们将要前往具有室外就餐和条纹遮阳篷的设施。也显示目的地地点的名称以让用户确认他们处于正确位置。
在其它实例中,显示器可以示出向前和侧向图像的组合以求身临其境的效果。在某些实施方式中,可以根据设备610已经确定最重要的区域来使缝合在一起的全景的一个或者多个区域变形。例如,在用户变得更接近目的地时,地图视图可以改变成“周围”街道级视图,其中可视地压缩在侧向的图像,从而可以感测但是未清楚地看见他们。在用户变得更接近她的密度低时或者在她减速时(通过使用设备中的GPS功能来确定这一点),可以压缩周围图像的前面部分而扩展侧向图像。这样的转变可以突然(例如在速度降至每小时20英里时从一个模式向另一模式切换)或者渐进(例如在用户迫近行程的终点时以线性方式改变周围图像的焦点)。
此外,虽然在这些图像中示出的相对小的屏幕尺寸很小,并且因此限制可以与导航应用一起显示的内容,但是其它实施方式可以使用触屏写字板计算机并且因此可以使更多信息相配于这样的更大屏幕上。例如,动画显示的高空地图视图可以显示于屏幕的一侧上,而街道级视图和其它信息可以同时显示于另一半上。也可以实现显示的其它各种布置,并且附加信息也可以显示于设备上。
现在参照图7说明可以用来实施在本文献中描述的系统和方法的系统的概念图。在系统中,移动计算设备710可以与如下基站740无线通信,该基站可以通过网络750向移动计算设备提供对多个托管服务760的无线访问。
在这一图示中,将移动计算设备710描绘为如下手持移动电话(例如智能电话或者应用电话),该电话包括用于向移动计算设备710的用户呈现内容并且接收基于触摸的用户输入的触屏显示设备712。也可以如各种不同输入部件那样(例如,键盘714、物理按钮、轨迹球、加速度计、陀螺仪和磁力计)提供其它视觉、听觉和触觉输出部件(例如LED灯、用于提供音调、语音生成的、或者记录的输出的扬声器,或者用于触觉输出的振动机制)。
形式为显示设备712的示例可视输出机制可以采用具有电阻或者电容触摸能力的3.7或者4.3英寸LED或者AMOLED显示器的形式,该显示器用于显示视频、图形、图像和文字并且在位置上协调用户触摸输入与显示的信息,从而设备710可以将用户在显示的项目上方的接触与项目关联。移动计算设备710也可以采用替选形式(包括作为膝上计算机、写字板或者平板计算机、个人数字助理、嵌入式系统(例如汽车导航系统)、桌面个人计算机或者计算机化工作站)。
用于接收用户输入的示例机制包括键盘714,该键盘可以是全键盘(full qwerty)或者如下传统键区,该键区包括用于数字‘0-9’、‘*’和‘#’的键。键盘714在用户物理上接触或者下压键盘键时接收输入。用户对轨迹球716的操控或者与跟踪板的交互使得用户能够向移动计算设备710供应方向和旋转速率信息(例如以操控光标在显示设备712上的位置)。
移动计算设备710可以能够确定与触屏显示设备712的物理接触位置(例如手指或者触笔的接触位置)。使用触屏712可以产生各种“虚拟”输入机制,其中用户通过接触在触屏712上描绘的图形用户界面要素来与图形用户界面要素交互。“虚拟”输入机制的示例为“软件键盘”,其中键盘显示于触屏上并且用户通过按压触屏712的与每个键对应的区域来选择键。
移动计算设备710可以包括机械或者触敏按钮718a-d。此外,移动计算设备可以包括用于调整由一个或者多个扬声器720输出的音量的按钮和用于开启或者关断移动计算设备的按钮。麦克风722允许移动计算设备710将可听声音转换成可以数字编码并且存储于计算机可读存储器中或者向另一计算设备发送的电信号。移动计算设备710还可以包括数字罗盘、加速度计、邻近传感器和环境光传感器。
操作系统可以提供在移动计算设备的硬件(例如,输入/输出机制和执行从计算机可读介质取回的指令的处理器)与软件之间的接口。示例操作系统包括ANDROID移动设备平台;APPLEIPHONE/MAC OS X操作系统;MICROSOFT WINDOWS7/WINDOWS MOBILE操作系统;SYMBIAN操作系统;RIMBLACKBERRY操作系统;PALM WEB操作系统;多种UNIX特色操作系统;或者计算机化设备的专有操作系统。操作系统可以提供用于执行如下应用程序的平台,这些应用程序有助于在计算设备与用户之间的交互。
移动计算设备710可以用触屏712呈现图形用户界面。图像用户界面是一个或者多个图形界面要素的汇集并且可以为静态(例如显示器表现为在一段时间内保持相同)或者可以为动态(例如图形用户界面包括无需用户输入就动画显示的图形界面要素)。
图形界面要素可以是文本、线条、形状、图像或者其组合。例如,图形界面要素可以是显示于桌面上的图标和该图标的相关联文本。在一些示例中,图形界面要素可利用用户输入来选择。例如,用户可以通过按压触屏的与图形界面要素的显示对应的区域来选择图形界面要素。在一些示例中,用户可以操控轨迹球以将单个图形界面要素醒目显示为具有焦点。用户对图形界面要素的选择可以通过移动计算设备来调用预定义动作。在一些示例中,可选图形界面要素进一步或者备选地对应于键盘704上的按钮。用户对按钮的选择可以调用预定义动作。
在一些示例中,操作系统提供在接通移动计算设备710从而从休眠状态激活移动计算设备710时、在“解锁”移动计算设备710时或者在接收用户对“首页”按钮718c的选择时显示的“桌面”用户接口。桌面图形界面可以显示在利用用户输入来选择时调用对应应用程序的若干图标。调用的应用程序可以呈现取代桌面图形界面的图形界面直至应用程序终止或者被隐藏不见。
用户输入可以操控移动计算设备710的操作序列。例如单动作用户输入(例如单次轻敲触屏、跨越触屏挥动、与按钮接触或者同时组合这些输入)可以调用如下操作,该操作改变用户界面的显示。如果没有用户输入,用户界面可以在特定时间并不改变。例如即使地图绘制应用可以在若干秒之后已经默认放大,利用触屏712的多触摸用户输入仍然可以调用地图绘制应用以在位置上“放大”。
桌面图形界面也可以显示“小工具”。小工具是与已经执行的应用程序相关联并且在由执行应用程序控制的桌面内容上显示的一个或者多个图形界面要素。小工具的应用程序可以始于移动电话。另外,小工具可以不关注于全屏显示。相反,小工具可以仅“拥有”桌面的小部分,并在桌面的该部分内显示内容以及接收触屏用户输入。
移动计算设备710可以包括一个或者多个位置标识机制。位置标识机制可以包括向操作系统和应用程序提供对移动电话的地理位置的估计的硬件和软件汇集。位置标识机制可以运用基于卫星的定位技术、基站发送天线标识、多基站三角测量法、因特网接入点IP位置确定、基于搜索引擎查询对用户的位置的推断标识以及用户供应的位置标识(例如通过向位置“签到”)。
移动计算设备710可以包括其它应用模块和硬件。呼叫操纵单元可以接收传入电话呼叫的指示并且向用户提供应答传入电话呼叫的能力。媒体播放器可以允许用户收听存储于移动计算设备710的本地存储器中的音乐或者播放存储于该存储器中的电影。移动电话710可以包括数字相机传感器以及对应图像和视频捕获和编辑软件。因特网浏览器可以使得用户能够通过键入与web页面对应的地址或者选择指向web页面的链接查看来自web页面的内容。
移动计算设备710可以包括用于与基站740无线传达信息的天线。基站740可以是使移动计算设备710能够在移动计算设备在地理上移动时维持与网络750通信的基站汇集(例如,移动电话蜂窝网络)中的多个基站之一。备选地或者附加地,计算设备710可以通过Wi-Fi路由器或者有线连接(例如以太网、USB或者FIREWIRE)来与网络750通信。计算设备710还可以使用蓝牙协议来与其它计算设备无线通信或者可以运用自组织无线网络。
操作基站网络的服务提供商可以将移动计算设备710连接到网络750以实现在移动计算设备710与提供服务760的其它计算机化设备之间的通信。尽管可以通过不同网络(例如服务提供商的内部网络、公共交换电话网络和因特网)提供服务760,将网络750图示为单个网络。服务提供商可以操作路由在移动设备710和与服务760相关联的计算设备之间的信息分组和语音数据的服务器系统752。
网络750可以将移动计算设备710连接到公共交换电话网络(PSTN)762以便在移动计算设备710与另一计算设备之间建立语音或者传真通信。例如,服务提供商服务器系统752可以从PSTN 762接收移动计算设备710的传入呼叫的指示。反过来,移动计算设备710可以向服务提供商服务器系统752发送通信从而发起与如下电话号码的电话呼叫,该电话号码与通过PSTN 762可访问的设备相关联。
网络750可以将移动计算设备710与网际协议语音(VoIP)服务764进行连接,该服务如与PSTN对比通过IP网络路由语音通信。例如,移动计算设备710的用户可以调用VoIP应用并且使用程序来发起呼叫。服务提供商服务器系统752可以向VoIP服务转发来自呼叫的语音数据,该服务可以通过针对连接的最后支路潜在地使用PSTN,来通过因特网将呼叫路由到对应的计算设备。
应用存储库766可以向移动计算设备710的用户提供浏览用户可以通过网络750下载并且在移动计算设备710上安装的远程存储的应用程序的列表。应用存储库766可以充当由第三方应用开发者开发的应用的贮存库。安装于移动计算设备710上的应用程序可以能够通过网络750来与为应用程序而指定的服务器系统通信。例如,可以从应用存储库766下载VoIP应用程序从而使得用户能够与VoIP服务764通信。
移动计算设备710可以通过网络750访问因特网768上的内容。例如移动计算设备710的用户可以调用如下网上浏览器应用,该应用请求来自可在指定的通用资源位置访问的远程计算设备的数据。在各种示例中,服务760中的一些服务可通过因特网访问。
移动计算设备可以与个人计算机770通信。例如个人计算机770可以是移动计算设备710的用户的家用计算机。因此,用户可以能够从他的个人计算机770用流发送媒体。用户也可以查看他的个人计算机770的文件结构并且在计算机化设备之间发送所选文档。
语音识别服务772可以接收用移动计算设备的麦克风722记录的语音通信数据并且将语音通信转译成对应的文本数据。在一些示例中,向搜索引擎提供转译的文字作为网上查询,并且向移动计算设备710发送响应式搜索引擎搜索结果。
移动计算设备710可以与社交网络774通信。社交网络可以包括多个成员,其中一些成员已经同意作为熟人而建立关系。在移动计算设备710上的应用程序可以访问社交网络774以基于移动计算设备的用户的熟人来取回信息。例如“地址簿”应用程序可以取回用户的熟人的电话号码。在各种示例中,可以基于从用户到其他成员的距离向移动计算设备710递送内容。例如“接近”用户的成员(例如作为“好友”或者“好友的好友”的成员)可以基于与广告和新闻文章内容的交互水平来为用户选择这样的内容。
移动计算设备710可以通过网络750访问个人的一组联系人776。每个联系人可以标识个体并且包括关于该个体的信息(例如电话号码、电子邮件地址和生日)。由于该组联系人远程托管到移动计算设备710,所以用户可以跨若干设备访问联系人776并将联系人776维护作为共同的一组联系人。
移动计算设备710可以访问基于云的应用程序778。云计算提供从移动计算设备710远程托管的并且设备710可以使用网上浏览器或者专用程序来访问的应用程序(例如字词处理器或者电子邮件程序)。作为示例的基于云的应用程序包括GOOGLE DOCS字词处理器和电子制表服务、GOOGLE GMAIL网上邮件服务和PICASA图片管理器。
映射服务780可以向移动计算设备710提供街道地图、路线规划信息和卫星图像。作为示例的地图绘制服务为GOOGLE MAPS。地图绘制服务780还可以接收查询并且返回特定于位置的结果。例如移动计算设备710可以向地图绘制服务780发送移动计算设备的估计位置和针对“披萨饼店”的由用户录入的查询。地图绘制服务780可以返回街道地图而标识附近“披萨饼店”的地理位置的“标记”叠加于地图上。
逐向服务782可以向移动计算设备710提供去往用户供应的目的地的逐向指示。例如,逐向服务782可以向设备710用流发送设备的估计位置的街道级视图以及用于提供音频命令并且叠加如下箭头的数据,这些箭头将设备710的用户引向目的地。
移动计算设备710可以请求各种形式的流发送媒体784。例如计算设备710可以请求预先记录的视频文件、实况电视节目或者实况电台节目的流。提供流发送媒体的示例服务包括YOUTUBE和PANDORA。
微博服务786可以从移动计算设备710接收用户输入的如下公告,该公告未标识公告的收件人。微博服务786可以向微博服务786的其他成员散布同意面向用户订阅的公告。
搜索引擎788从移动计算设备710接收用户录入的文字或者口头查询、确定响应于查询的因特网可访问的文档集并且向设备710提供用于显示针对响应文档的搜索结果列表的信息。在接收口头查询的示例中,语音识别服务772可以将接收的音频转译成向搜索引擎发送的文本查询。
这些和其它服务可以实施于服务器系统790中。服务器系统可以是提供服务或者服务集的硬件与软件的组合。例如一组物理上分离和联网的计算机化设备可以一起作为逻辑服务器系统单元来操作以操纵为了向数以百计的个别计算设备赋予服务而必需的操作。
在各种实现中,如果先前操作不成功(例如如果未执行确定),则不执行“响应于”另一操作(例如确定或者标识)而执行的操作。在本文献中的用条件语言描述的特征可以描述可选的实现。在一些示例中,从第一设备向第二设备“发送”包括第一设备将数据置于网络中用于由第二设备接收、但是可以不包括第二设备接收数据。反过来,从第一设备“接收”可以包括从网络接收数据、但是可以不包括第一设备发送数据。
图8是作为客户端或者作为一个服务器或者多个服务器的可以用来实施在本文献中描述的系统和方法的计算设备800、850的框图。计算设备800旨在代表各种形式的数字计算机(比如膝上计算机、桌上计算机、工作站、个人数字助理、服务器、刀片服务器、大型机和其它适当计算机)。计算设备850旨在代表各种形式的移动设备(比如个人数字助理、蜂窝电话、智能电话和其它相似计算设备)。此外,计算设备800或者850可以包括通用串行总线(USB)快闪驱动。USB快闪驱动可以存储操作系统和其它应用。USB快闪驱动可以包括输入/输出部件(比如可以向另一计算设备的USB端口中插入的无线发送器或者USB连接器)。这里所示部件、它们的连接和关系及其功能仅意味着示例性,而并不意味着限制在本文献中描述和/或要求保护的实现。
计算设备800包括处理器802、存储器804、存储设备806、连接到存储器804和高速扩展端口810的高速接口808,以及连接到低俗总线814和存储设备806的低速接口812。每个部件802、804、806、808、810和812使用各种总线来互连并且可以装配于共同母板上或者以以适当的其它方式来装配。处理器802可以处理用于在计算设备800内执行的指令(包括存储于储存器804中或者存储设备806上用于在外部输入/输出设备(比如耦合到高速接口808的显示器816)上以显示GUI的图形信息的指令)。在其它实现中,多个处理器和/或多个总线可以以适当方式与多个存储器和存储器类型一起使用。也可以连接多个计算设备800而每个设备提供必需的操作的部分(例如作为服务器组、一组刀片服务器或者多处理器系统)。
存储器804存储计算设备800内的信息。在一个实现中,存储器804为一个或者多个易失性存储器单元。在另一实现中,存储器804为一个或者多个非易失性存储器单元。存储器804也可以是另一形式的计算机可读介质(比如磁盘或者光盘)。
存储设备806能够提供用于计算设备800的海量储存器。在一个实施方式中,存储设备806可以是或者包含计算机可读介质(比如软盘设备、硬盘设备、光盘设备或者带设备、闪存或者其它相似固态存储器设备或者设备阵列(包括存储区域网络或者其它配置中的设备))。计算机程序产品可以有形地具体化于信息载体中。计算机程序产品也可以包含在执行时执行一种或者多种方法(比如上文描述的方法)的指令。信息载体为计算机或者机器可读介质(比如存储器804、存储设备806或者在处理器802上的存储器)。
高速控制器808管理用于计算设备800的带宽密集操作,而低速控制器812管理更低的带宽密集操作。这样的功能分配仅为示例性的。在一个实现中,高速控制器808耦合到存储器804、显示器816(例如通过图形处理器或者加速器)并且耦合到可以接受各种扩展卡(未示出)的高速扩展端口810。在该实现中,低速控制器812耦合到存储设备806和低速扩展端口814。可以包括各种通信端口(例如USB、蓝牙、以太网、无线以太网)的低速扩展端口可以例如通过网络适配器耦合到一个或者多个输入/输出设备(比如键盘、指点设备、扫描仪或者联网设备(比如交换机或者路由器))。
可以如图中所示以多个不同形式实现计算设备800。例如它可以实现为标准服务器820,或者多次实现于一组这样的服务器中。它也可以实现为架式服务器系统824的部分。此外,它可以实现于个人计算机(比如膝上型计算机822)中。备选地,来自计算设备800的部件可以与移动设备(未示出)(比如设备850)中的其它部件组合。每个这样的设备可以包含计算设备800、850中的一个或者多个计算设备,并且整个系统可以由相互通信的多个计算设备800、850组成。
计算设备850包括处理器852、存储器864、输入/输出设备(比如显示器854)、通信接口866和收发器868以及其它部件。设备850还可以具有用于提供附加储存器的存储设备(比如微驱动或者其它设备)。使用各种总线来互连每个部件850、852、864、854、866和868,并且若干部件可以装配于共同母板上或者以如适当的其它方式来装配。
处理器852可以执行计算设备850内的指令(包括存储于存储器864中的指令)。处理器可以实现为包括分离以及多个模拟和数字处理器的芯片的芯片组。此外,可以使用多个架构中的任何架构来实现处理器。例如处理器410可以是CISC(复杂指令集计算机)处理器、RISC(精简指令集计算机)处理器或者MISC(最小指令集计算机)处理器。处理器可以例如提供设备850的其它部件的协调(比如控制用户界面、由设备850运行的应用和通过设备850的无线通信)。
处理器852可以通过控制接口858和耦合到显示器854的显示接口856来与用户通信。显示器854例如可以是TFT(薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)显示器或者OLED(有机发光二极管)显示器或者其它适当显示器技术。显示器接口856可以包括用于驱动显示器854以向用户呈现图形和其它信息的适当电路。控制接口858可以从用户接收命令并且对它们进行转换以用于向处理器852提交。此外,可以提供外部接口862与处理器852通信以便使得设备850能够与其它设备近区域通信。外部接口862可以例如在一些实施方式中提供有线通信或者在其它实施方式中提供无线通信,并且还可以使用多个接口。
存储器864存储计算设备850内的信息。存储器864可以实现为一个或者多个计算机可读介质、一个或者多个易失性存储器单元或者一个或者多个非易失性存储器单元中的一项或者多项。还可以提供扩展存储器874并且该存储器可以通过可以例如包括SIMM(单列直插存储器模块)卡接口的扩展接口872来连接到设备850。这样的扩展存储器874可以提供设备850的额外存储空间或者也可以存储设备850的应用或者其它信息。具体而言,扩展存储器874可以包括用于实现或者补充上文描述的过程的指令并且还可以包括安全信息。因此例如可以提供扩展存储874作为设备850的安全模块并且可以用允许安全使用设备850的指令来编程。此外,可以经由SIMM卡将安全应用与附加信息一起提供(比如以不可入侵方式将标识信息置于SIMM卡上)。
存储器可以如下文讨论的那样例如包括闪存和/或NVRAM存储器。在一个实现中,计算机程序产品有形地具体化于信息载体中。计算机程序产品包含在执行时执行一种或者多种方法(比如上文描述的方法)的指令。信息载体为计算机或者机器可读介质(比如存储器864、扩展存储器874或者可以例如通过收发器868或者外部接口862接收的在处理器852上的存储器)。
设备850可以通过可以在必要时包括数字信号处理电路的通信接口866无线通信。通信接口866可以在各种模式或者协议(比如GSM语音呼叫、SMS、EMS或者MMS消息、CDMA、TDMA、PDC、WCDMA、CDMA2000或者GPRS以及其它模式或者协议)之下提供通信。可以例如通过射频收发器868发生这样的通信。此外,可以比如使用蓝牙、WiFi或者其它这样的收发器(未示出)来发生近程通信。此外,GPS(全球定位系统)接收器模块870可以向设备850提供附加的与导航和位置有关的无线数据,该数据可以由在设备850上运行的应用以适当方式使用。
设备850还可以使用音频编码解码器860来可听地通信,该编码解码器可以从用户接收口述信息并且将它转换成可用数字信息。音频编码解码器860可以类似地比如通过例如在设备850的头戴式耳机中的扬声器为用户生成可听声音。这样的声音可以包括来自语音电话呼叫的声音、可以包括记录的声音(例如语音消息、音乐文件等),并且还可以包括由在设备850上操作的应用生成的声音。
可以如图中所示以多个不同形式实现计算设备850。例如,它可以实施为蜂窝电话880。它也可以实施为智能电话882、个人数字助理或者其它类似移动设备的部分。
可以在数字电子电路、集成电路、特别设计的ASIC(专用集成电路)、计算机硬件、固件、软件和/或其组合中实现这里描述的系统和技术的各种实现。这些各种实现可以包括在如下可编程系统上可执行和/或可解译的一个或者多个计算机程序中的实现,该系统包括可以是特殊或者通用的至少一个可编程处理器和至少一个输出设备,该处理器被耦合成从存储系统接收数据和指令以及向存储系统发送数据和指令。
这些计算机程序(也称为程序、软件、软件应用或者代码)包括可编程处理器的机器指令并且可以用高级过程化和/或面向对象的编程语言和/或用汇编/机器语言来实现。如这里所用,术语“机器可读介质”、“计算机可读介质”指代用来向可编程处理器提供机器指令和/或数据的任何计算机程序产品、装置和/或设备(例如,磁盘、光盘、存储器、可编程逻辑设备(PLD))(包括接收机器指令作为机器可读信号的机器可读介质)。术语“机器可读信号”指代用来向可编程处理器提供机器指令和/或数据的任何信号。
为了提供与用户的交互,这里描述的系统和技术可以实施于如下计算机上,该计算机具有用于向用户显示信息的显示设备(例如,CRT(阴极射线管)或者LCD(液晶显示器)监视器)以及用户可以用来向计算机提供输入的指示设备(例如,鼠标或者轨迹球)。其它种类的设备也可以用来提供与用户的交互;例如向用户提供的反馈可以是任何形式的感官反馈(例如视觉反馈、听觉反馈或者触觉反馈);并且可以用包括声音、话音或者触觉输入的任何形式接收来自用户的输入。
这里描述的系统和技术可以实施于如下计算系统中,该计算系统包括后端部件(例如作为数据服务器)或者包括中间件部件(例如应用服务器)或者包括前端部件(例如具有图形用户界面或者浏览器的客户端计算机,用户可以通过该图形用户界面或者Web浏览器来与这里描述的系统和技术的实施方式交互)或者这样的后端、中间件或者前端部件的任何组合。系统的部件可以由任何数字数据通信形式或者介质(例如通信网络)互连。通信网络的示例包括局域网(“LAN”)、广域网(“WAN”)、对等网络(具有自组织或者静态成员)、网格计算基础设施和因特网。
计算系统可以包括客户端和服务器。客户端和服务器一般相互远离并且通常通过通信网络来交互。借助运行于相应计算机上并且相互具有客户端-服务器关系的计算机程序来产生客户端和服务器关系。
虽然上文已经具体描述少数实现,但是其它修改是可能的。另外可以使用其它用于实现在本文献中描述的系统和方法的机制。此外,在图中描绘的逻辑流程无需所述特定顺序或者依次顺序以实现希望的结果。可以提供其它步骤或者从描述的流程消除步骤并且可以向描述的系统添加或者从描述的系统去除其它部件。因而其它实现在所附权利要求的范围内。

Claims (18)

1.一种计算机实施的方法,包括:
标识话音识别系统的多个口述前缀;
针对将由计算设备的用户陈述的所述口述前缀之一,监视所述计算设备的语音输入;
存储在通过所述监视来标识的口述前缀之后口述的一个或者多个检索词;
将所述口述前缀与在所述计算设备上的动作相关;
在所述存储的一个或者多个检索词中标识所述动作可以涉及的对象;以及
用所述计算设备执行向所述对象施加所述动作的操作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述前缀包括用于执行导航应用的指令,并且所述一个或者多个检索词描述地理地标。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述一个或者多个检索词描述地理地标而不命名所述地理地标。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述执行的操作包括确定从所述计算设备的当前位置到由所述一个或者多个检索词描述的位置的导航路线。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述前缀包括用于播放媒体文件的指令,并且所述一个或者多个检索词描述待播放的所述媒体文件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述一个或者多个检索词是所述媒体文件中的内容的名称。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述一个或者多个检索词包括搜索查询,并且所述前缀标识将对所述搜索查询的搜索结果进行的操作。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述操作包括针对指定类型的信息,解析与搜索结果对应的登陆页面。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述指定类型的信息包括位置。
10.一种或者多种计算机可读介质,存储在执行时执行包括以下动作的指令:
标识话音识别系统的多个口述前缀;
针对将由计算设备的用户陈述的所述口述前缀之一,监视所述计算设备的语音输入;
存储在通过所述监视来标识的口述前缀之后口述的一个或者多个检索词;
将所述口述前缀与在所述计算设备上的动作相关;
在所述存储的一个或者多个检索词中标识所述动作可以涉及的对象;以及
用所述计算设备执行向所述对象施加所述动作的操作。
11.根据权利要求10所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述前缀包括用于执行导航应用的指令,并且所述一个或者多个检索词描述地理地标。
12.根据权利要求11所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述一个或者多个检索词描述地理地标而不命名所述地理地标。
13.根据权利要求11所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述执行的操作包括确定从所述计算设备的当前位置到由所述一个或者多个检索词描述的位置的导航路线。
14.根据权利要求10所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述前缀包括用于播放媒体文件的指令,并且所述一个或者多个检索词描述待播放的所述媒体文件。
15.根据权利要求14所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述一个或者多个检索词是所述媒体文件中的内容的名称。
16.根据权利要求10所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述一个或者多个检索词包括搜索查询,并且所述前缀标识将对所述搜索查询的搜索结果进行的操作。
17.根据权利要求10所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述操作包括针对指定类型的信息,解析与搜索结果对应的登陆页面。
18.根据权利要求17所述的计算机可读介质,其中所述指定类型的信息包括位置。
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