CN102521120A - Software automation test system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a software automation test system and a method based on graph view. The system comprises a script editing module, a scene organization module, a parametrization module, a debugging and operating module and a test report output module. The method comprises the following steps that: the scene organization module carries out service flow decomposition; the script editing module develops a service node; the scene organization module builds a service flow; necessary parametrization is carried out on a script; the debugging and operating module debugs and operates the service flow; and the test report output module outputs a test report.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of software automated testing system and method; Specifically; Relate to the software automated testing system and method based on graphics view, through this system or method, the user can accomplish the automation function test of most type softwares very like a cork.
Background technology
Traditional software automated testing instrument or framework all are the form realization operation flow control with pure code, and this has caused following problem: the cost of exploitation and maintenance test script is very high; The enforcement automatic test has very harsh requirement to slip-stick artist's code capacity; Can only adopt the method for function encapsulation or type encapsulation to realize the script layering, increase the complexity of script.Just because of these reasons, numerous items team hangs back to software automated testing.Software automated testing framework platform and the method for using the present invention to propose based on graphics view; The user can with each step be encapsulated in one independently, in the service node based on graphics view; These nodes can arbitrarily drag in the test scene interface; Connect through being added with, thereby construct a complete operation flow to line.Service node can arbitrarily duplicate stickup in current scene or different scene, as long as simple modification line order just can make up a new operation flow.This operation flow building mode is directly perceived and convenient just as drawing process flow diagram.
In addition, parametrization is important link in the automatic test.Use conventional tool to realize that this work is often very loaded down with trivial details, a lot of options need be set, and make script become complicated to safeguard with being difficult to.Software automated testing framework platform and the method for using the present invention to propose based on graphics view, parametrization can be simply through dragging mouse, and the mode of drawing a loop body realizes (coverage of loop body is exactly parameterized reach).Next as long as in the corresponding data form of loop body, insert parameter title and numerical value, parametrization has just been accomplished.
At last, traditional software automated testing instrument generally carries out object identification according to the property values such as handle of object, and for different object types, often needs different plug-in unit supports.Adopted the tested program of non-standard control for some, it is unable to do what one wishes that conventional tool just seems.And in software automated testing framework platform and method based on graphics view that the present invention proposes; Object identification is to adopt advanced computer vision technique to accomplish; This not only makes the exploitation of automatic test script and maintenance difficulties reduce greatly, also makes application identification, the identification of non-standard object, the result problem such as catch of striding that lets the people has a headache in traditional automated testing method be able to be readily solved.
Summary of the invention
Software automated testing of the present invention system comprises: script editor module, scene molded tissue block, parameterized module, debugging and operation module, test report output module.
Said script editor module provides a normative text editing interface, can fast import the automatic test common mathematical function whereby; The script editor module also allows the user to use to duplicate to paste or the mode of drag and drop adds picture in script; In addition, through the quick sectional drawing of script editor module, make the obtaining, store and handle convenient of image segments in the script.
The scene molded tissue block provides a graphics view interface that is used to build test scene; Can create multiple graphic element whereby; And can drag, duplicate, shear, paste, delete this graphic element; Can also a plurality of graphic elements be coupled together with oriented line, thereby constitute a complete test process.The core parent of said scene molded tissue block is the QGraphicsScene class (being used to organize the class of two-dimensional primitive) that is used to organize two-dimensional primitive among the Qt (a kind of cross-platform C++ graphic user interface storehouse).
Parameterized module provides parameter form editing interface, can carry out parameter information importing, derivation, cycle index setting, the setting of parameter form scale whereby.The core parent of expressing the parameter form in the said parameterized module is QTextTable class among the Qt (being used to express the class of parameter form).
Debugging and the operation module script information in can the integration processing scene generates Python (a kind of object-oriented, literal translation formula computer programming language) script file and picture file, and calls the external interface Run Script.
The test report output module provides the special purpose function that outputs test result; And generate HTML (Hypertext Markup Language according to user's needs; Being HTML, is a kind of SGML that is used to describe web document) test report file of form and the test script running log file of text formatting.Said test report output module has the function of the journal file of safeguarding framework platform.
According to software automated testing of the present invention system, its software automated testing method based on graphics view comprises the steps:
Step 1, scene molded tissue block are carried out Business Stream and are decomposed;
Step 3, the scene molded tissue block makes up Business Stream;
Step 5, debugging and operation modular debugging operation Business Stream;
Step 6, test report output module output test report.
The corresponding relation of above step and each module is shown in figure 14.
In said step 1, in order to improve the reusability of script, or, at first, be decomposed into N step to an operation flow through the scene molded tissue block in order to realize the collaboration type exploitation, each step encapsulates and realizes with a service node; The strategy and the granularity of decomposing are determined by the user fully according to actual needs.
In said step 2, after the completion operation flow is decomposed, in test scene, add service node, exploitation visual testing script on the script editing interface that the script editor module provides.
Said script is followed Python 2.5 format specifications, system function or the pure Python module that in script, can use any Python 2.5 to support.The script editor module has been expanded a collection of automatic test special purpose function on the basis of SIKULI API (based on the cover API of image script SIKULI); Formed an exclusive cover API (Application Programming Interface; API); All functions wherein all on the script editing interface form with shortcut list, double-click mouse can add appointment in script function.
When using the SIKULI api function, can the picture file in the hard disk (supporting forms such as common png, jpg, gif, bmp) be duplicated stickup, drag in the script as function parameters; Also can the image segments in other format file (like Word, PowerPoint) be inserted in the script with the mode of duplicating stickup.The visual testing script that exploitation is accomplished is as shown in Figure 2.
In addition, the script editor module also provides quick sectional drawing function, makes the obtaining, store and handle convenient of image segments in the script.The sectional drawing functional schematic is as shown in Figure 3 fast.The core parent of script editor module is the QTextEdit class (class that is used for plain text or rich text editor) that is used for plain text or rich text editor among the Qt.
In said step 3, after the exploitation of script, can in the graphics view interface that the scene molded tissue block provides, a plurality of service nodes be coupled together with oriented line, thereby make up a complete Business Stream in the completion service node.It is as shown in Figure 4 to make up the Business Stream of accomplishing.
The core parent of scene molded tissue block is the QGraphicsScene class that is used to organize two-dimensional primitive among the Qt.The core parent of the service node in the scene, oriented line, loop body etc. is the QGraphicsItem class (being used to represent the class of two-dimensional primitive) that is used to represent two-dimensional primitive among the Qt.
In said step 4, behind the structure of completion Business Stream, can be according to the needs of test, the operation parameter module carry out necessary parameterization to script.
In test scene, draw a loop body, operate its coverage of adjustment, the service node relevant with parametrization is included in this scope through convergent-divergent, move etc., as shown in Figure 5; Double-click loop body afterwards and open parameter form editing interface, edit the title and the value of each parameter, as shown in Figure 6; Revise the script in the service node at last, need replace with parameter name by parameterized constant.
The core parent of expressing the parameter form in the parameterized module is a QTextTable class among the Qt.In order to realize loop nesting, a loop body tabulation is all arranged in each service node object, write down this service node in which loop body scope.When generating executable Python script; Debugging and operation module will calculate the round-robin reach according to the loop body tabulation of each service node; Confirm the indentation amount of statement, and in the Python script, add the FOR loop structure (a kind of syntactic structure that is used for flow process control among the Python).The principle schematic of this algorithm is as shown in Figure 7.
In said step 5, accomplish after the necessary parameterization operation whole service stream.Debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in the Business Stream, add information such as api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing, generate interim script file and interim picture file.Call SIKULI (a kind of figure script) script runnable interface afterwards and carry out script.The workflow of debugging and operation module is as shown in Figure 8.
After the Business Stream operation is accomplished; In step 6; The test report output module will generate the test report (whether generate report and depend on whether added the report node in the Business Stream) of a html format according to user's needs, and the test result information of reporting function (comprising testPassed, testFailed, testInfo) definition in the script is printed in the test report.The test report that generates is as shown in Figure 9.
The test report output module also is responsible for safeguarding the journal file of framework platform in addition.Information in the journal file has following two kinds: all abnormal informations of script generation in service; The user uses the self-defining log information of printLog function.The preservation position of journal file is the log file under the framework platform temp directory SF temp, and individual log file is only preserved the running log information on the same day, and the journal file name is the date on the same day, like " 2011-05-16.log ".
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a software automated testing system architecture block scheme of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for the present invention is based on the visual testing script example of developing on the software automated testing system platform of graphics view;
Fig. 3 the present invention is based on the quick sectional drawing function usage example that the software automated testing frame system of graphics view provides;
Fig. 4 is for the present invention is based on the Business Stream example of building on the software automated testing system platform of graphics view;
Fig. 5 is for the present invention is based on the parameterized operation example of realization on the software automated testing system platform of graphics view;
Fig. 6 the present invention is based on the parameter form editor synoptic diagram that the software automated testing system platform of graphics view provides;
Fig. 7 the present invention is based on the algorithm synoptic diagram of the software automated testing system platform of graphics view according to graphics view generation script loop structure;
Fig. 8 be the present invention is based on graphics view the software automated testing system platform debugging and the operation module workflow diagram;
Fig. 9 is the test report example that the present invention is based on the software automated testing system platform production of graphics view;
Figure 10 is a software automated testing method flow diagram of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the explanation of example business process;
Figure 12 is the scene synoptic diagram that the present invention is based on the software automated testing framework platform realization loop nesting of graphics view;
Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram that in Business Stream, adds the report node;
Figure 14 is each step of software automated testing method of the present invention and the corresponding relation figure that carries out each module of this step.
Embodiment
The part term that uses among the present invention:
Pel
Refer to the graphics view member in the test scene, the kind of pel has three kinds of service nodes, oriented line, loop body at present.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, the class of operation of pel is similar in process flow diagram softwares such as Visio the operation to graphic assembly.
Service node
Refer to a kind of pel in the test scene, can change its position through the mouse drag and drop.Comprise script information in the service node.Service node can a corresponding testing procedure, a test case or a sub-operation flow, and the division of granularity is determined by the user as required.
Business Stream
Finger couples together formed sequence node by a series of service nodes through oriented line, the complete operation flow that representative is assembled by these service nodes.The rarest two service nodes in the Business Stream, and have unique starting point and terminal point.
The report node
A kind of special service node.With its sole purpose that adds Business Stream is behind the operation Business Stream, generates the test report of a html format.
Loop body
Refer to a kind of pel in the test scene, outward appearance is a rectangle, can also can change its position through the mouse drag and drop through pulling four jiaos and four its shapes of limit mid points change.The parameter information that comprises script in the loop body is carried out the number of times configuration information with circulation, and its action scope is by its overlay area decision in scene.
Oriented line
Refer to a kind of pel in the test scene, profile is the linear pattern arrow.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, connect two service nodes with this pel, represent the precedence relationship of these two nodes on Business Stream.
The loop body level
Refer to the level level of loop body on graphics view, the loop body that level is high can cover the low loop body of level.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, represent round-robin ectonexine nest relation with level, its depth of nesting of loop body that level is high more is also big more.
The scene edit pattern
Refer to the scene edit effect that certain is specific.Generally select and switch through toolbar.In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, five kinds of scene edit patterns are provided at present, comprise default mode, increase service node pattern, connection mode, increase circulation pattern, increase the report node mode.
Script layer and scene layer
In the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention, the construction of automatic test engineering is divided into two levels: script layer and scene layer.The main task of script layer is the development and testing script, realizes such as a series of basic test actions such as click, keyboard input, output observations, thereby accomplishes a relatively independent service link; The main task of scene layer is that the means through graphics view connect a series of service nodes, constitutes a complete Business Stream, and accomplishes parametrization and be provided with circulation, to realize one or more complete test processs.
SIKULI
Appliance computer vision technique in the automation software testing field is an advanced subject that in the industry cycle caused concern over the past two years gradually, and some successful stories occurred---SIKULI is wherein outstanding model just.This project of increasing income provides a cover to be used for the API of visual programming, makes " programming with sectional drawing " become possibility.
As shown in Figure 1, the software automated testing framework platform based on graphics view of the present invention comprises: script editor module, scene molded tissue block, parameterized module, debugging and operation module, test report output module.The exploitation of this framework platform is based on Qt 4.7.0.
The script editor module has provided a normative text editing interface, and provides the automatic test common mathematical function quick input function on this basis, and mouse is double-clicked the function shortcut can insert this function in script; The script editor module also allows the user to use to duplicate to paste or the mode of drag and drop adds picture in script; In addition, the script editor module also provides quick sectional drawing function, makes the obtaining, store and handle convenient of image segments in the script.
The scene molded tissue block has provided a graphics view interface that is used to build test scene; Here the user can create multiple graphic element; And to graphic element drag, duplicate, shear, paste, operation such as deletion; Can also a plurality of graphic elements (certain testing procedure or the content of each graphic element representative) be coupled together with oriented line, thereby constitute a complete test process.The core parent of said scene molded tissue block is the QGraphicsScene class that is used to organize two-dimensional primitive among the Qt.
Parameterized module has provided a parameter form editing interface, and functions such as parameter information importing, derivation, cycle index setting, the setting of parameter form scale are provided.The core parent of expressing the parameter form in the said parameterized module is a QTextTable class among the Qt.
Debugging and operation module are used for the script information of scene is carried out integration processing, generate Python script file and picture file, and call the external interface Run Script.
The test report output module provides the special purpose function that outputs test result, and generates the test report file of html format and the test script running log file of text formatting according to user's needs.Said test report output module has the function of the journal file of safeguarding framework platform.
Shown in figure 10, software automated testing of the present invention system, its software automated testing method based on graphics view comprises the steps:
Step 1, Business Stream are decomposed (being accomplished by the scene molded tissue block);
Step 3 makes up Business Stream (being accomplished by the scene molded tissue block);
Step 5, debugging and operation modular debugging operation Business Stream;
Step 6, test report output module output test report.
The corresponding relation of above step and each module is shown in figure 14.
In said step 1, in order to improve the reusability of script, or in order to realize the collaboration type exploitation, the user can at first be decomposed into N step to an operation flow, and each step encapsulates and realizes with a service node.The strategy and the granularity of decomposing are determined by the user fully according to actual needs.
In said step 2, after the completion operation flow was decomposed, the user can add service node in test scene, exploitation visual testing script on the script editing interface that the script editor module provides.Script is followed Python 2.5 format specifications, system function or pure Python module that the user can use any Python 2.5 to support in script.The script editor module has been expanded a collection of automatic test special purpose function on the basis of SIKULI API; Formed an own exclusive cover API; All functions wherein all on the script editing interface form with shortcut list, double-click mouse can add appointment in script function.When using the SIKULI api function, the user can mode directly be inserted in the script picture file in the hard disk (supporting forms such as common png, jpg, gif, bmp) as function parameters through duplicating stickup, drag etc.; Also can the image segments in other format file (like Word, PowerPoint) be inserted in the script with the mode of duplicating stickup.The visual testing script that exploitation is accomplished is as shown in Figure 2.In addition, the script editor module also provides quick sectional drawing function, makes the obtaining, store and handle convenient of image segments in the script.The sectional drawing functional schematic is as shown in Figure 3 fast.The core parent of script editor module is the QTextEdit class that is used for plain text or rich text editor among the Qt.
After accomplishing the exploitation of script in the service node, the user can couple together a plurality of service nodes in the graphics view interface that the scene molded tissue block provides with oriented line, thereby makes up a complete Business Stream.It is as shown in Figure 4 to make up the Business Stream of accomplishing.The core parent of scene molded tissue block is the QGraphicsScene class that is used to organize two-dimensional primitive among the Qt.The core parent of the service node in the scene, oriented line, loop body etc. is the QGraphicsItem class that is used to represent two-dimensional primitive among the Qt.
After accomplishing the structure of Business Stream, in said step 4, the user can carry out necessary parameterization to script according to the needs of test.At this moment the user can draw a loop body in test scene, operates its coverage of adjustment through convergent-divergent, move etc., and the service node relevant with parametrization is included in this scope, and is as shown in Figure 5; Double-click loop body afterwards and open parameter form editing interface, edit the title and the value of each parameter, as shown in Figure 6; Revise the script in the service node at last, need replace with parameter name by parameterized constant.The core parent of expressing the parameter form in the parameterized module is a QTextTable class among the Qt.
In order to realize loop nesting, a loop body tabulation is all arranged in each service node object, write down this service node in which loop body scope.When generating executable Python script, debugging and operation module will calculate the round-robin reach according to the loop body tabulation of each service node, confirm the indentation amount of statement, and in the Python script, add the FOR loop structure.The principle schematic of this algorithm is as shown in Figure 7.
Accomplish after the necessary parameterization, in said step 5, the user just can move whole service and flow.Debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in the Business Stream, add information such as api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing, generate interim script file and interim picture file.Call SIKULI script runnable interface afterwards and carry out script.The workflow of debugging and operation module is as shown in Figure 8.
After the Business Stream operation is accomplished; In said step 6; The test report output module will generate the test report (whether generate report and depend on whether added the report node in the Business Stream) of a html format according to user's needs, and the test result information of reporting function (comprising testPassed, testFailed, testInfo) definition in the script is printed in the test report.The test report that generates is as shown in Figure 9.The test report output module also is responsible for safeguarding the journal file of framework platform in addition.Information in the journal file has following two kinds: all abnormal informations of script generation in service; The user uses the self-defining log information of printLog function.The preservation position of journal file is the log file under the framework platform temp directory SF_temp, and individual log file is only preserved the running log information on the same day, and the journal file name is the date on the same day, like " 2011-05-16.log ".
Illustrate as follows: the user will carry out automatic test to the transaction flow that a Web bank pays telephone charge at present.At first this operation flow is decomposed, it is divided into " login ", " inquiry ", " transaction ", " withdrawing from " four steps.The operation instructions and the expected results of each step are shown in figure 11.
The user creates a service node for each step, and exploitation visual testing script on the script editing interface that the script editor module provides is with operation and the result's inspection that realizes that this step is corresponding.The script of accomplishing is as shown in Figure 2.In the process of compile script, the user can call debugging at any time and carry out the script in the current business node with the operation module.Debugging will generate interim Python script file and interim picture file according to script information with the operation module, call SIKULI script runnable interface then and carry out script.
After accomplishing the exploitation of each service node, the user need couple together these four service nodes in the graphics view interface that the scene molded tissue block provides with oriented line, thereby makes up a complete Business Stream.It is as shown in Figure 4 to make up the Business Stream of accomplishing.
If the user hopes to test the situation of paying the fees in a plurality of months, then need carry out parametrization to the month information in " inquiry ", " transaction " two service nodes.At this moment the user can draw a loop body in test scene, and " inquiry " and " transaction " two service nodes are included in the race way, and is as shown in Figure 5; Then, the user can double-click loop body and open parameter form editing interface, and the title and the value of editor's month parameter are as shown in Figure 6; Revise the script in the service node at last, with month constant replace with parameter name " time ".
If the user also hopes to test such situation: a plurality of different users are paid the fees to a plurality of time periods respectively.This means that not only the username and password that needs will " land " in the node carries out parametrization, also means needs realization loop nesting.At this moment, the user can add the body that recirculates (the ectonexine relation of loop nesting is what to express through the hierarchical relationship of loop body on view) on the basis through scene in the above again, and is shown in figure 12.
So far, the user just can move whole service and flowed.Debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in the Business Stream, add information such as api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing, generate interim script file and interim picture file.Call SIKULI script runnable interface afterwards and carry out script.The workflow of debugging and operation module is as shown in Figure 8.
If the user hopes after the operation Business Stream, to generate a test report, then need in Business Stream, add the report node, shown in figure 13.Test report will be according to the setting of user in the script information that outputs test result.
Claims (9)
1. the software automated testing system based on graphics view is characterized in that comprising: script editor module, scene molded tissue block, parameterized module, debugging and operation module, test report output module.
2. software automated testing according to claim 1 system, wherein,
Said script editor module provides a normative text editing interface, can fast import the automatic test common mathematical function whereby;
Said script editor module allows the user to use to duplicate to paste or the mode of drag and drop adds picture in script, through script editor module sectional drawing fast, makes the obtaining, store and handle convenient of image segments in the script.
3. software automated testing according to claim 1 system; Wherein, Described scene molded tissue block provides a graphics view interface that is used to build test scene, creates multiple graphic element whereby, and can drag, duplicate, shear, paste, delete this graphic element; Can also a plurality of graphic elements be coupled together with oriented line, thereby constitute a complete test process;
The core parent of said scene molded tissue block is the QGraphicsScene class among the Qt.
4. software automated testing according to claim 1 system, wherein, described parameterized module provides parameter form editing interface, carries out whereby that parameter information importing, derivation, cycle index are set, parameter form scale is set;
The core parent of said parameterized module is a QTextTable class among the Qt.
5. software automated testing according to claim 1 system, wherein, described debugging and the operation module script information in can the integration processing scene generates Python script file and picture file, and calls the external interface Run Script.
6. software automated testing according to claim 1 system; Wherein, Described test report output module provides the special purpose function that outputs test result, and generates the test report file of HTML form and the test script running log file of text formatting according to user's needs;
Said test report output module has the function of the journal file of safeguarding framework platform.
7. the software automated testing method based on graphics view is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, scene molded tissue block are carried out Business Stream and are decomposed;
Step 2, script editor module exploitation service node;
Step 3, the scene molded tissue block makes up Business Stream;
Step 4 carry out necessary parameterization to script;
Step 5, debugging and operation modular debugging operation Business Stream;
Step 6, test report output module output test report.
8. software automated testing method according to claim 7, wherein,
In said step 1, in order to improve the reusability of script, or, at first, be decomposed into N step to an operation flow through the scene molded tissue block in order to realize the collaboration type exploitation, each step encapsulates and realizes with a service node; The strategy and the granularity of decomposing are determined by the user fully according to actual needs;
In said step 2, in test scene, add service node, exploitation visual testing script on the script editing interface that the script editor module provides;
In said step 3, in the graphics view interface that the scene molded tissue block provides, a plurality of service nodes are coupled together with oriented line, thereby make up a complete Business Stream;
In said step 4, according to the needs of test, the operation parameter module carry out necessary parameterization to script; Promptly; In test scene, draw a loop body,, the service node relevant with parametrization is included in this scope through convergent-divergent, its coverage of move operation adjustment; Then in the title and the value of each parameter of parameter form editing interface editor of opening; Revise the script in the service node at last, need replace with parameter name by parameterized constant;
In said step 5; Operation whole service stream; Debugging and operation module integrate the script information of each service node in the Business Stream; Add api function definition, the introducing of Python module, abnormality processing information, generate interim script file and interim picture file, call SIKULI script runnable interface then and carry out script;
In said step 6, said test report output module will generate the test report of a html format according to user's needs, and the test result information of reporting function definition in the script is printed in the test report.
9. software automated testing method according to claim 8, wherein,
In said step 2, said script is followed Python 2.5 format specifications, system function or the pure Python module of in script, using any Python 2.5 to support; Said script editor module has been expanded a collection of automatic test special purpose function on the basis of SIKULI API; Formed an exclusive cover API; All functions wherein all on the script editing interface form with shortcut list, double-click mouse can add appointment in script function; When using the SIKULI api function, the picture file in the hard disk is duplicated stickup, drags in the script as function parameters; Perhaps the image segments in other format file is inserted in the script with the mode of duplicating stickup; Said script editor module is sectional drawing fast, and the core parent of said script editor module is the QTextEdit class among the Qt;
In said step 3, the core parent of said scene molded tissue block is the QGraphicsScene class that is used to organize two-dimensional primitive among the Qt; The core parent of the service node in the scene, oriented line, loop body etc. is the QGraphicsItem class among the Qt;
In said step 4, the core parent of expressing the parameter form in the parameterized module is a QTextTable class among the Qt; In order to realize loop nesting, a loop body tabulation is all arranged in each service node object, write down this service node in which loop body scope; When generating executable Python script, debugging and operation module will calculate the round-robin reach according to the loop body tabulation of each service node, confirm the indentation amount of statement, and in the Python script, add the FOR loop structure.
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