CN102083482A - 用于诸如血液的复杂液体过滤、尤其适于自体输血器的装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及例如血液的复杂流体组合物的一种过滤装置,其特征在于包括具有底部(18)的底座(12),具有一个底部(30)的顶部(14)和置于所述底座和所述顶部之间从而确定下室C1和上室C2的膜(16),通入下室C1的待过滤复杂组合物的输入支管(26),具有排出量调节装置的通向相同的下室C1的截留物输出支管(28)和上室C2的输出支管(36,36-1),该渗透物的输出支管(36,36-1)被施以负压。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于复杂液体如血液的过滤装置,尤其适于集成到用于自体输血的血液处理设备中。
背景技术
人们知道,过滤血液以便去除杂质或一些物质,尤其是在自体输血的情况下,存在许多问题,特别是过滤面的堵塞。所述过滤面的孔隙随着过滤条件改变,以至过滤量减小直至为零。
如下文所述,所考虑的实例是血液,其为一种不均一的介质,根据本发明的过滤装置适用于具有同样问题的任何液体组合物。
正如在血液中,可以发现有或多或少的不同分子量的蛋白质存在,并且还有多种细胞成分。如果要采用一个过滤阈(un seuil de filtration)将它们都除去,这些蛋白质链和细胞成分就将堵塞过滤面的孔隙,阻止要过滤的成分通过,甚至是水。
还注意到,在现有膜中的渗透在膜表面垂直发生,要过滤的液体被分布于膜上,滤液位于膜下。加真空也有利于通过,除非发生堵塞,因为负压促进了堵塞层的紧贴,相反地加重了这种现象。
这种现象也可以由于包含在要过滤的液相中的一些成分而加重。在这种情况下,这些成分在过滤面上的蓄积倾向于由重力导致,加快了堵塞现象,存在负压时更严重。一种解决办法是搅拌要被过滤的组合物,但是,如果要寻求简单的系统,这并不容易实现。
例如,如果希望将这样的过滤装置纳入到一个例如法国专利申请No.2874327所述的自体输血器中,这些搅拌手段是行不通的。
发明内容
提出这样一种配置是适合的,其能够过滤一定量的复杂液体组合物,同时排出量仅随时间略微减少,其保持结构紧凑以便例如集成到自体输血的独立装置中,其对于大众而言能够堪称成本低廉,其使用现有的过滤膜从而避免开发特殊的膜,其能获得医疗机构的批准。
这就是根据本发明的过滤装置的目的。
附图说明
现根据一个特定实施方式具体描述所述的过滤装置,但是不受所附附图的限制,其中不同的图表示:
-图1:根据本发明的装置的简单透视图,
-图2:沿着图1的线2-2垂直横截图
-图3:沿着图1的线3-3垂直横截图
-图4:根据本发明的装置的装配放置示意图,
-图5:特别适合于与自体输血器组合的布局截面视图。
具体实施方式
图1显示了复杂液体的过滤装置10,所述装置包括一个底座12和适合嵌入所述底座的顶部14。
不同的元件最好用的塑料制成,所述塑料适合精密模塑,并根据预计的应用,具有医疗和/或食品的兼容性。在目前用于血液过滤的应用情况下,特别是为了自体输血,所述塑料具有所有符合有关标准的特性。
适宜将底座12和顶部14精密模塑,如将在下文中解释的,例如当两部分完全嵌套时,平滑摩擦的嵌套确保了密封性。
在底座12和顶部14之间,放入过滤膜16。该膜16有一个适合要过滤产品的截留阈(un seuil de coupure),正如说明书之前所述的。
底座12是圆筒形的,具有底部18和环形壁20。
所述环形壁20具有凸缘22,其确定了第一内径d和第二内径D。第二内径D与顶部14的外径相应,用于在其旁边密封接合。
底部18包括与所述底部模塑在一起的肋24。这些肋具有的高度使其正好达到凸缘22。这些肋24通过它们的一端形成起始自环形壁20的交替隔板,肋的另一端不接触到该相同环形壁20。
底座12包括一个入口26,其引入流体的方向定向为垂直于肋24的平面。
输入支管26被设置在凸缘22的下部,通到下室C1中,下室C1由膜16、底座12的底部18和所述底座的环形壁20构成。
底座12还包括一个设置在输入支管26径向对面的出口28。
输出支管28被设置在凸缘22下方用于从下室C1排出,下室C1由膜16、底座12的底部18和所述底座的环形壁20构成。
顶部14包括一个底30和一个环形壁32。
环形壁32的厚度几乎等于底座12的凸缘22的宽度。
由此,膜16在底座12的凸缘22和顶部14的环形壁32之间被至少边周固定,如图2和3中所见。
顶部14配备有与底部模塑在一起的肋34。同样,这些肋的一端与环形壁32模塑在一起,另一端没有接触到所述环形壁32。从而,这些肋34形成了隔板组,相当于底座12的隔板24组。
底座12的隔板24和顶部的肋34是正相对的,以固定膜16。根据所述膜的厚度,特别是还根据其特性,本领域技术人员会调整肋的高度以确保装配后的紧固性。
输出支管36设置在所述顶部的底部30中。
第二室C2由膜16、底部30和环形壁32构成。
可见,膜16不但通过其周边固定,而且在底座12的肋24和顶部14的肋34之间固定。
因此,膜被完全固定。
可有利地提供一个在底座12的凸缘22上的槽和一个在顶部环形壁32侧面的簧片,簧片和所述槽从侧面结合,从而进一步改善了固定。这种改善仅仅是多种紧固改善方法中的一种,任何其它等同的方法也包括在本申请中。
根据本发明的装置是以下述方式工作的。
根据应用,采用具有所希望的截留阈的膜16制成组件。
每个装置有利地以工业规模制造,在装置是医疗器械的情况下,在适合其行业的条件下制造。
在放置了膜16之后,将底座12和顶部14两部分嵌套。
有利地,借助超声或激光的周边焊接使得两个塑料部件接合并确保完全密闭。这种精密和确定位置的周边焊接仅造成可以忽略的局部高温,不会造成任何的膜本身的降解。
参照作为前三幅附图的补充的附图4,操作人员将输入支管26和要净化组合物的供应装置连接,例如,要净化组合物是外科手术后流出的血液混合物。底座12的输出支管28连接容器P1,容器P1用于收集再利用物,即,被过滤器截留的成分。
顶部的支管36连接到用于收集废弃滤液的容器P2。有利地,该容器P2通过连接一个真空源PV以负压运行。
因此,如果必要,给上室C2的输出支管36加负压。
组合物被引入到下室C1中,在隔板24的孔隙中循环。
输出支管28包括排出量调整装置,于是,如果降低一点排出量,在过滤器的室C1中产生轻微压力。
必须考虑到跨膜后渗透量的损失(其降低了通过支管28的流量)和跨膜压力损失。
正因为这种慢速的循环,还发生了较重微粒的沉淀。此外,通过隔板的循环促进了分离,将较重的颗粒保留在液流中心或底部,而留在表面的液体负载较少。
同时,组合物相对于膜循环,受到不同参数、流量平衡和轻微压力的影响,大部分的小尺寸颗粒和流体切向经过膜16并穿过到达C2室,而尺寸大于截留阈的颗粒留在室C1中,该负载的流体通过底座12的输出支管28排出。
随着组合物在室C1中的循环,这种渗透持续进行,因而,没有立即被吸引穿过膜16但能够穿过的颗粒也将会随着所述组合物沿膜16的迁移而穿过膜。
现发现,沉淀的颗粒和适合通过膜的颗粒不会堵塞所述膜,这是特别有利的。
至于尺寸太大不能透过膜的其它颗粒,由于切向流动和重力,它们不向膜壁积累,从而非常有力地限制了堵塞和渗透通量的减少。
重要的是不要产生太大的负压和太快的流量,因为颗粒会像在先有技术的装置中那样紧贴膜。
利用了膜的整个表面,这显著改善了给定的过滤面积的生产率。
因此,这种过滤设备对于与先有技术一个过滤器相当的过滤容量,可具有缩小的体积。
按照图5,显示了一个实施方案,具有倒置的支管36-1,其它元件相同。
该支管36-1以密封的方式穿过底座12的底部18,在其位于上室C2内部的部分包括若干开孔。同样将膜16穿孔用于让支管36-1通过,调整膜使其在所述支管36-1的周围密封。
这种布置可以方便地结合到如法国专利申请No.2874327所述的自体输血装置中。
同样,浓缩的或再利用的部分通过输出支管28在出口回收,而渗透部分将通过支管36-1回收。
这样的复杂组合物的过滤装置在生产上也是非常有利的,只需要使用已知技术和过滤膜,不需要特殊化,除了尺寸。考虑到膜被肋和周边外围极好地支撑,现有的膜具有的机械强度完全足够。
我们还注意到,由于没有过滤器堵塞,流量变化非常微小,复杂组合物的处理时间很快。
Claims (7)
1.复杂流体组合物例如血液的过滤装置,其特征在于包括
具有底部(18)的底座(12),
具有一个底部(30)的顶部(14)和
置于所述底座和所述顶部之间从而确定下室C1和上室C2的膜(16),
通入下室C1的待过滤复杂组合物的输入支管(26),
具有排出量调节装置的通向相同的下室C1的截留物输出支管(28)知
上室C2的输出支管(36,36-1),该渗透物的输出支管(36,36-1)被施以负压。
2.根据权利要求1的复杂流体过滤装置,其特征在于底座(12)包括肋(24),其形成一组隔板。
3.根据权利要求2的复杂流体过滤装置,其特征在于肋(24)垂直于输入支管(26)定向。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3的复杂流体过滤装置,其特征在于顶部(14)包括肋(34),其形成一组隔板。
5.根据权利要求3和4的复杂流体过滤装置,其特征在于底座(12)的肋(24)和顶部(14)的肋(34)相对以便固定膜(16)。
6.根据前述权利要求任一项的复杂流体过滤装置,其特征在于底座(12)包括一个凸缘(22),用于容纳顶部(14)的环形壁(32),从而保证了膜(16)的周边固定。
7.根据前述权利要求任一项的复杂流体过滤装置,其特征在于支管(36-1)密封地穿过底座(12)的底部(18),密封地穿过膜(16),在其位于上室C2内的部分有开孔使渗透物通过。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0853112A FR2931081B1 (fr) | 2008-05-14 | 2008-05-14 | Dispositif de filtration d'un liquide complexe tel que du sang, notamment applicable a un autotransfuseur |
FR0853112 | 2008-05-14 | ||
PCT/FR2009/050903 WO2009147356A2 (fr) | 2008-05-14 | 2009-05-14 | Dispositif de filtration d'un liquide complexe tel que du sang, notamment applicable a un autotransfuseur |
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CN102083482A true CN102083482A (zh) | 2011-06-01 |
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ID=39731109
Family Applications (1)
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CN2009801177608A Pending CN102083482A (zh) | 2008-05-14 | 2009-05-14 | 用于诸如血液的复杂液体过滤、尤其适于自体输血器的装置 |
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US (1) | US8905960B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2276521B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5750784B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102083482A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2009254446B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0908639B8 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2723485C (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2931081B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2009147356A2 (zh) |
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-
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- 2009-05-14 CN CN2009801177608A patent/CN102083482A/zh active Pending
- 2009-05-14 EP EP09757732.4A patent/EP2276521B1/fr active Active
- 2009-05-14 AU AU2009254446A patent/AU2009254446B2/en active Active
- 2009-05-14 JP JP2011508986A patent/JP5750784B2/ja active Active
- 2009-05-14 CA CA2723485A patent/CA2723485C/fr active Active
- 2009-05-14 WO PCT/FR2009/050903 patent/WO2009147356A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-05-14 BR BRPI0908639A patent/BRPI0908639B8/pt active IP Right Grant
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Cited By (1)
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TWI498135B (zh) * | 2012-04-12 | 2015-09-01 | Univ Nat Cheng Kung | 液體樣本過濾裝置 |
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CA2723485A1 (fr) | 2009-12-10 |
BRPI0908639A2 (pt) | 2016-07-19 |
US8905960B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
CA2723485C (fr) | 2017-07-25 |
WO2009147356A2 (fr) | 2009-12-10 |
US20110058983A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
BRPI0908639B8 (pt) | 2021-06-22 |
AU2009254446B2 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
EP2276521B1 (fr) | 2014-07-09 |
BRPI0908639B1 (pt) | 2019-10-29 |
FR2931081B1 (fr) | 2010-06-25 |
EP2276521A2 (fr) | 2011-01-26 |
JP5750784B2 (ja) | 2015-07-22 |
JP2011520490A (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
FR2931081A1 (fr) | 2009-11-20 |
WO2009147356A3 (fr) | 2010-01-28 |
AU2009254446A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
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