CN101916521B - Modeling method of osteoporosis centrum in vitro model and mating perfusion fixator - Google Patents
Modeling method of osteoporosis centrum in vitro model and mating perfusion fixator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101916521B CN101916521B CN2010102659636A CN201010265963A CN101916521B CN 101916521 B CN101916521 B CN 101916521B CN 2010102659636 A CN2010102659636 A CN 2010102659636A CN 201010265963 A CN201010265963 A CN 201010265963A CN 101916521 B CN101916521 B CN 101916521B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modeling method of an osteoporosis centrum in vitro model and a mating perfusion fixator. The perfusion fixator perfuses a decalcification solution into the interior of a centrum specimen directionally and quantitatively by combining a micro-injection pump so as to soak the front wall of the centrum in a hydrochloric solution, thereby ensuring the synchronous decalcification of the inner and outer sclerotin of the centrum specimen. The perfusion fixator comprises a sleeve and an inner core, when the inner core is completely screwed into the sleeve, the tapered head of the inner core is exposed out of the sleeve so as to facilitate the perfusion fixator to perforate through the sclerotin and to be screwed into the centrum specimen, thereby avoiding the sclerotin from blocking a side hole and a cavity. The method ensures that the sclerotin loss and the osteopenia emerge synchronously inside and outside the centrum specimen and can be used for establishing in vitro models for osteoporosis centrums with different bone densities in a fast and controllable way through adjusting the time on decalcification.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fundamental research and the supporting instrument field of spinal surgery, but relate to osteoporosis centrum in vitro model modeling method and a kind of pedicle and be screwed into the interior mating perfusion fixator of centrum sample, this perfusion fixator is as the bridge-set of decalcifying Fluid to the inner perfusion of centrum, make the inside and outside decalcification synchronously of centrum sample, by adjusting decalcification time, thereby set up the osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of different bone mineral, for the new apparatus of spinal surgery, Research on New provide reliable experiment porch.
Background technology
Adopted long spiro nail first since vertebral plate, pedicle of vertebral arch reach centrum fixedly lumbosacral joint is obtained good clinical effectiveness from nineteen fifty-nine Boucher, the pedicle screw fixation technology has obtained development rapidly, and is widely used in the common clinical disease of spinal surgery.At present, the pedicle screw fixation technology has become the most frequently used backbone way of escape internal fixation method of field of spinal surgery.Discover: the stability of pedicle screw depends on the hold at cortex screw interface.Yet the pedicle screw fixation technology finds that in Clinical Application along with increasing the weight of of patient's osteoporosis degree, the loosening rate of pedicle screw significantly increases.For addressing this problem, method commonly used clinically at present comprises: improve the pedicle screw design; The nail road curing technology of using.Yet, clinical preceding experimental study at various novel screws and nail road curing technology, owing to obtain relatively difficulty of osteoporosis sample, be limited to mostly on the animal of normal sclerotin or healthy adult centrum and study less application osteoporosis or serious osteoporotic animal or human centrum.
Therefore, setting up the osteoporosis model that is used for biomechanics Research is the clinical preceding basis of experimental of carrying out various novel screws and nail road curing technology.Discover: the bone density of sclerotin, bone strength and bone biomechanical property reduce all has very big relation with bone mineral, bone matrix.And at present about setting up the research method of osteoporosis animal model, all be by disturbing the bone metabolism in the body, finally cause bone-loss, causing osteoporosis.Yet the method for modeling all needs can form more than at least 6 months the osteoporosis animal model of operability in the body, has limited and has carried out zooperal number of times, has prolonged search time.Therefore, the modeling method of a kind of osteoporosis centrum in vitro model fast and effectively of searching becomes the direction that numerous research workers make great efforts.At present, discover by method and also can cause its bone density, bone strength and bone biomechanical property to descend the sclerotin decalcification.Yet, exist following shortcoming: 1. osteoporosis degree poor controllability; 2. whole decalcification process is manual operations fully, and error is bigger, can't set up controlled, the accurate mechanical model of osteoporosis degree.So, how can set up the osteoporosis degree controlled and effectively in the analogue body osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of sclerotin rarefaction become osteoporosis biomechanics Research problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency at above-mentioned prior art existence, the object of the invention is to set up a kind of modeling method of osteoporosis centrum in vitro model---and the utilization micro-injection pump pours into hydrochloric acid in centrum, auxiliary simultaneously the centrum antetheca is soaked in the hydrochloric acid solution, to reach the modeling method and the mating perfusion fixator of decalcification synchronously inside and outside the centrum.
The decalcification device of setting up osteoporosis centrum in vitro model is by micro-injection pump, syringe, glass container, form with or without the square glass lid and the supporting perfusion fixator of hole, and wherein perfusion fixator pumps into decalcifying Fluid as micro-injection pump the bridge-set of centrum sample inside.When perfusion fixator after the bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch is screwed into the centrum sample, decalcifying Fluid can flow into through the sleeve external thread section, and flow in pedicle of vertebral arch and the centrum sample from the side opening and the end thereof of the hollow circular cylinder of perfusion fixator band side opening, react with the sclerotin in the centrum sample, its reactant liquor flows out from the nutrient foramen and the venous sinus of centrum sample.Centrum sample antetheca is soaked in the decalcifying Fluid simultaneously, makes the sclerotin of centrum sample antetheca the bone loss phenomenon also occur.Thereby guarantee to reach synchronous decalcification inside and outside the centrum sample.By adjusting decalcification time, can calibration set up the osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of different bone mineral level, for new apparatus and Research on New provide reliable experiment porch.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention proposes to take following technical solution:
A kind of modeling method of osteoporosis centrum in vitro model is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) use two perfusion fixators in advance in the bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch slowly is screwed into the centrum sample, wherein said perfusion fixator is made up of sleeve and inner core, described sleeve is linked into an integrated entity by the hollow circular cylinder of band side opening, hollow circular cylinder, hollow connecting portion, hollow hexahedron and the external thread section of no side opening, described inner core is interconnected by the conical head of front end, middle right cylinder and tail end to be formed, described inner core can be screwed in the described sleeve, and its conical head exposes outside the sleeve;
2) described inner core is screwed out from described sleeve, draw 5ml distilled water, inject fast into centrum sample inside, wash away perfusion fixator and be screwed into the sclerotin that stops up the described side opening of sleeve in the bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch process through the external thread section of sleeve with a syringe;
3) end that two syringe extended lines is had a female thread structure closely is connected with the external thread section of two sleeves respectively, guarantees ne-leakage;
4) other end of two syringe extended lines is passed respectively have the square glass lid that two place's diameters are the 10mm hole, then respectively with to contain the 60ml mass concentration be that second of 3% hydrochloric acid decalcifying Fluid is connected with the 3rd syringe on the bilateral micro-injection pump;
5) the centrum sample is the postero-anterior position and is positioned in the glass container that fills 500ml concentration 3% hydrochloric acid decalcifying Fluid, the height of decalcifying Fluid liquid level just floods to the front pillar of centrum sample in the container;
6) at the above square glass lid of glass container loam cake, above described two place's holes, place a fritter square glass again and hide, prevent the hydrochloric acid volatilization to greatest extent, reduce experimental error;
7) start the bilateral micro-injection pump, and the speed that pushes away of setting syringe pump is 60ml/h, thrust is three grades, push rod by micro-injection pump promotes the piston handle of the second and the 3rd syringe forward, thereby make the hydrochloric acid decalcifying Fluid through the side opening inflow centrum sample inside of syringe extended line, handle to carry out decalcification by sleeve.
Because osteoporosis usually betides the part that cancellous bone is relatively concentrated, as: vertebra.The centrum major part is made up of cancellous bone, and after osteoporosis took place centrum, bone amount leakage all appearred in the cancellous bone of vertebra and cortex bone.Therefore, the present invention utilizes perfusion fixator to be fixed in pedicle of vertebral arch and the centrum, can be with the decalcifying Fluid orientation, quantitatively inject pedicle of vertebral arch and centrum sample inside, cause the inner bone loss of centrum sample.Simultaneously centrum sample antetheca is soaked in the middle of the decalcifying Fluid, the sclerotin generation chemical reaction on decalcifying Fluid and centrum sample surface causes the cortex bone on centrum sample surface the minimizing of bone amount also to occur.So after this modeling method was handled, the structural change of osteoporosis sample all appearred in the cortex bone of centrum sample and cancellous bone, to reach the purpose of the synchronous decalcification of sclerotin inside and outside the centrum sample.
The mating perfusion fixator that said method relates to is made up of sleeve and inner core two parts.It is characterized in that, sleeve is to be fused by the hollow circular cylinder of band side opening, hollow circular cylinder, hollow connecting portion, hollow hexahedron and the external thread section E of no side opening, wherein with all smooth connection the between the hollow circular cylinder of side opening hollow circular cylinder, no side opening, hollow connecting portion and the hollow hexahedron, their hollow space forms the 1st cavity; External thread section is the structure of a hollow, and it forms the 2nd cavity; The far-end of band side opening hollow circular cylinder is a circular duct, and near-end is connected with the hollow circular cylinder smooth transition of no side opening, from circular duct mural margin, and every a segment distance, the parallel successively side opening that communicates with the 1st cavity that is equipped with;
Inner core is interconnected by the conical head of front end, middle right cylinder and tail end to be formed; The sidewall of described tail end is tapped cylindrical structure, and the external thread of the external thread section of this internal thread and sleeve coincide, and the central authorities of described tail end are a solid cylinder, and the diameter of this solid cylinder and length are all identical with the 2nd cavity S2;
When inner core was screwed into sleeve fully, its conical head exposed outside the sleeve;
The internal thread of middle right cylinder, the solid cylinder of tail end and sidewall thereof closely contacts fully with the external thread of the 1st cavity, the 2nd cavity and the external thread section of sleeve respectively, be convenient to perfusion fixator and wear out sclerotin and be screwed in the centrum, avoided in the process of being screwed into sclerotin to stop up the described side opening and the 1st cavity of sleeve simultaneously.
The modeling method of osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of the present invention and mating perfusion fixator have three distinguishing features:
The one, micro-injection pump has accurately, regularly, quantitative advantage, by being connected of micro-injection pump and perfusion fixator, guarantee that decalcifying Fluid pumps into centrum inside with constant speed and amount through perfusion fixator.Simultaneously, by adjusting decalcification time, the osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of setting up the different bone mineral level that can be quick, controlled.
The 2nd, decalcifying Fluid can be at the uniform velocity slowly flow in pedicle of vertebral arch and the centrum through the side opening and the far-end of perfusion fixator, and spreading progressively to the centrum depths, thereby make whole centrum evenly decalcification synchronously occur, the model of setting up more is similar to the osteoporosis under the physiological status.
The 3rd, perfusion fixator pumps into decalcifying Fluid as micro-injection pump the bridge-set of centrum inside, avoided decalcifying Fluid to be injected in the centrum sample fully because of manual operations, and by perfusion fixator can be quantitative decalcifying Fluid is injected in the centrum sample fully, guaranteed the bone loss of the inner cancellous bone of centrum, reduced experimental error, improve the repeatability that osteoporosis model is set up, the osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of setting up the different bone mineral level for calibration provides possibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the modeling method synoptic diagram of osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of the present invention;
As shown in the figure: micro-injection pump regularly, quantitative with decalcifying Fluid through syringe extended line pump to the bilateral perfusion fixator, flow in pedicle of vertebral arch and the centrum sample by perfusion fixator again, carry out the inner decalcification of centrum sample; Simultaneously the centrum sample is positioned in the decalcifying Fluid cortex decalcification of bone of centrum sample surface.Thereby reach the purpose of the inside and outside synchronous decalcification of sclerotin of centrum sample.
Fig. 2 is the outside drawing of perfusion fixator sleeve;
As shown in the figure: sleeve is linked into an integrated entity by hollow circular cylinder A, hollow circular cylinder B, hollow connecting portion C, hollow hexahedron D and the external thread section E of no side opening of band side opening.
Fig. 3 is a perfusion fixator inner core outside drawing;
As shown in the figure: inner core 2 front ends are a conical head F, and conical head F length is 1.5mm, and its base diameter is identical with middle right cylinder G diameter.The middle right cylinder G part and the hollow space coupling of sleeve, the sidewall of tail end is tapped cylindrical structure.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 2;
As shown in the figure: sleeve is linked into an integrated entity by hollow circular cylinder A, hollow circular cylinder B, hollow connecting portion C, hollow hexahedron D and the external thread section E of no side opening of band side opening, and hollow space surrounds the 1st, 2 cavity.
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 3;
As shown in the figure: the inner core tail end is an internal thread cylindrical structure, and its middle body is a solid cylinder H1, and diameter is 4.0mm, and length is 8.0mm; Back wall thickness is 2.0mm, and solid cylinder H1 diameter of movement is 4.0mm.The 2nd cavity S2 that surrounds with the external thread section E of sleeve 1 fits like a glove.
The total length of inner core 2 is greater than the total length of sleeve 1, and the length sum of the right cylinder G of described centre and described solid cylinder H1 equates with the total length of sleeve 1.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
Select the sheep centrum sample of 3 ± 0.5 years old normal sclerotin for use, remove its surrounding soft tissue, be separated into single centrum sample.Then, entangle the hollow hexahedron D of the sleeve 1 of perfusion fixator with hollow hexahedron sleeve, slowly be screwed into the centrum sample, enter in the pedicle of vertebral arch fully until the hollow circular cylinder A of the band side opening of entire sleeve 1 by lambdoidal ridge's vertex scheme pedicle.Then, screw out the inner core 2 of perfusion fixator, and extract 5ml distilled water, inject fast into centrum sample inside, wash away the sclerotin that stops up the perfusion fixator side opening in the process of being screwed into through the external thread section E of sleeve 1 with a syringe.The offside pedicle of vertebral arch is screwed into perfusion fixator and irrigation sleeve 1 with identical method.Be connected with the external thread section E of sleeve 1 by the syringe extended line then, and pass, couple together with micro-injection pump again from two holes of the square glass mid-diameter for preparing in advance.It is in the 3% watery hydrochloric acid decalcifying Fluid container that the centrum sample is placed on the concentration that fills 500ml, and the height of decalcifying Fluid liquid level is just parallel with the front pillar of centrum sample in the container, and the square glass that will have two holes is placed on the glass container.Simultaneously square glass have two hole places above add a cover little square glass lid, avoid the hydrochloric acid volatilization, reduce error to greatest extent.The decalcifying Fluid 60ml of completely same concentration will be taken out in the second and the 3rd syringe.Set the fast 60ml/h that pushes away of syringe pump, thrust is three grades.After starting the bilateral micro-injection pump, decalcifying Fluid is through the syringe extended line, with external thread section E, the hollow hexahedron D of constant speed through perfusion fixator sleeve 1, the hollow circular cylinder B of hollow connecting portion C, no side opening, the side opening of the hollow circular cylinder A through being with side opening and far-end thereof flow out again.Sclerotin when decalcifying Fluid and centrum sample inside reacts, and reacted liquid flows out outside the centrum sample through the nutrient foramen and the venous sinus of centrum sample again.After the decalcification of certain hour is handled, respectively push 200ml distilled water through the bilateral perfusion fixator and carry out centrum sample interior flushing, the hydrochloric acid of remnants and free inorganics and small organism are developed.Then the centrum sample is taken out from decalcifying Fluid.After 15 hours, guarantee that the inside and outside decalcifying Fluid of centrum sample is thoroughly removed with flushing with clean water.
Owing to when osteoporosis appears in centrum, show as inside and outside cancellous bone of centrum and cortex bone and the minimizing of bone amount all occurs.Therefore, after this modeling method was handled, cancellous bone of centrum and cortex bone all bone-loss can occur, made the inside and outside sclerotin of centrum the osteoporosis spline structure all occur and changed, to set up the osteoporosis centrum in vitro model of different bone mineral level.
The perfusion fixator that said method is related, with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, perfusion fixator is made up of sleeve 1 and inner core 2 two parts.
Wherein, sleeve 1 is linked into an integrated entity by hollow circular cylinder A, hollow circular cylinder B, hollow connecting portion C, hollow hexahedron D and the external thread section E of no side opening of band side opening.Wherein, smooth transition is connected between hollow circular cylinder B, the hollow connecting portion C of band side opening hollow circular cylinder A, no side opening and the hollow hexahedron D, band side opening hollow circular cylinder A, hollow circular cylinder B, the hollow connecting portion C of no side opening and the hollow bulb of hollow hexahedron D inside form isodiametric the 1st cavity S1, the hollow structure of external thread section E constitutes the 2nd cavity S2, and the 1st cavity S1 and the 2nd cavity S2 are connected; At band side opening hollow circular cylinder A radially, every a segment distance, the parallel successively side opening that communicates with the first cavity S1 that is equipped with.
Middle right cylinder G length is 70mm, and diameter 1.5mm is with the 1st cavity S1 size match of sleeve 1.
When inner core 2 was screwed into sleeve 1 fully, its conical head F exposed outside the sleeve 2.
Above-mentioned the 1st cavity S1 diameter is 1.5mm;
The diameter of above-mentioned the 2nd cavity S2 is 4.0mm, and sidewall thickness is 1.0mm.
When making perfusion fixator, adopt titanium alloy to be the preparation material, titanium alloy can anti-strong acid, has avoided decalcifying Fluid to react with perfusion fixator in filling process, reduces experimental error.On the hollow circular cylinder A of the band side opening of sleeve 1, hollow circular cylinder distal circles hole wall edge from the band side opening of sleeve 1 begins, every parallel successively 1 pair of the side opening that communicates with first cavity that is equipped with of 1.5mm, side opening is parallel relative arrangement, and each side opening diameter is 1.0mm.
The external diameter of the hollow circular cylinder A of band side opening is 2.0mm, and the external diameter of the hollow circular cylinder B of no side opening is 8.0mm, and the end of hollow connecting portion C is that diameter is the circle of 8.0mm, the other end is that external diameter is the hexagon of 12mm, hollow hexahedron D is a hexahedron, and length is 20mm, external diameter 12mm; External thread section E length is 8.0mm, and external diameter is 8.0mm, and thread depth is 1.0mm, pitch 1.5mm;
The tip of inner core 2 is the conical head structure, and length is 2mm.Right cylinder G and described solid cylinder H1 length sum in the middle of the inner core 2 equate with the sleeve total length.The length of the solid cylinder H1 of described tail end H central authorities is consistent with the external thread structure length of sleeve, the external thread E structure of the female thread structure of described tail end H and sleeve is coincide mutually, and described tail end H external diameter is less than the external diameter of the hollow hexahedron of sleeve, is convenient to six square sockets and entangles perfusion fixator firm.
Claims (8)
1. the modeling method of an osteoporosis centrum in vitro model is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) use two perfusion fixators in advance in the bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch slowly is screwed into the centrum sample, wherein said perfusion fixator is made up of sleeve and inner core, described sleeve is linked into an integrated entity by the hollow circular cylinder of band side opening, hollow circular cylinder, hollow connecting portion, hollow hexahedron and the external thread section of no side opening, described inner core is interconnected by the conical head of front end, middle right cylinder and tail end to be formed, described inner core can be screwed in the described sleeve, and its conical head exposes outside the sleeve;
2) described inner core is screwed out from described sleeve, draw distilled water, inject into centrum sample inside, wash away perfusion fixator and be screwed into the sclerotin that stops up the described side opening of sleeve in the bilateral pedicle of vertebral arch process through the external thread section of sleeve with a syringe;
3) end that two syringe extended lines is had a female thread structure closely is connected with the external thread section of two sleeves respectively, guarantees ne-leakage;
4) other end of two syringe extended lines is passed respectively have the square glass lid that two place's diameters are the 10mm hole, then respectively with to contain the 60ml mass concentration be that second of 3% hydrochloric acid decalcifying Fluid is connected with the 3rd syringe on the bilateral micro-injection pump;
5) the centrum sample is the postero-anterior position and is positioned over and fills in the glass container that the 500ml mass concentration is 3% hydrochloric acid decalcifying Fluid, the height of decalcifying Fluid liquid level just floods to the front pillar of centrum sample in the container;
6) at the above square glass lid of glass container loam cake, above described two place's holes, place a fritter square glass again and hide, prevent the hydrochloric acid volatilization to greatest extent, reduce experimental error;
7) start the bilateral micro-injection pump, and the speed that pushes away of setting syringe pump is 60ml/h, thrust is three grades, push rod by micro-injection pump promotes the piston handle of the second and the 3rd syringe forward, thereby make the hydrochloric acid decalcifying Fluid through the side opening inflow centrum sample inside of syringe extended line, handle to carry out decalcification by sleeve.
2. perfusion fixator, form by sleeve (1) and inner core (2) two parts, it is characterized in that: this sleeve (1) is linked into an integrated entity by the hollow circular cylinder (A) of band side opening, hollow circular cylinder (B), hollow connecting portion (C), hollow hexahedron (D) and the external thread section (E) of no side opening, wherein with all smooth connection the between the hollow circular cylinder (B) of side opening hollow circular cylinder (A), no side opening, hollow connecting portion (C) and the hollow hexahedron (D), their hollow space forms the 1st cavity (S1); External thread section (E) is the structure of a hollow, and it forms the 2nd cavity (S2); The far-end of band side opening hollow circular cylinder (A) is a circular duct, and near-end is connected with hollow circular cylinder (B) smooth transition of no side opening, from circular duct mural margin, and every a segment distance, the parallel successively side opening that communicates with the 1st cavity (S1) that is equipped with;
Inner core (2) is interconnected by the conical head (F) of front end, middle right cylinder (G) and tail end (H) to be formed; The sidewall (H3) of described tail end (H) is tapped cylindrical structure, the external thread of the external thread section (E) of this internal thread and sleeve (1) coincide, the central authorities of described tail end (H) are a solid cylinder (H1), and diameter of this solid cylinder (H1) and length are all identical with the 2nd cavity (S2);
When inner core (2) was screwed into sleeve (1) fully, its conical head (F) exposed outside the sleeve (1); The internal thread of middle right cylinder (G), the solid cylinder (H1) of tail end (H) and sidewall (H3) thereof closely contacts fully with the external thread of the 1st cavity (S1), the 2nd cavity (S2) and the external thread section (E) of sleeve (1) respectively, be convenient to perfusion fixator and wear out sclerotin and be screwed in the centrum, avoided in the process of being screwed into sclerotin to stop up the described side opening and the 1st cavity (S1) of sleeve (1) simultaneously.
3. perfusion fixator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the parallel relative arrangement of described side opening, and the diameter of side opening is 1.0mm, the spacing of side opening is 1.5mm.
4. perfusion fixator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described external thread section (E) is for external thread designs, and length is 8.0mm, and external diameter is 8.0mm, and thread depth is 1.0mm, pitch 1.5mm, and the diameter of the 2nd cavity (S2) is 4.0mm.
5. perfusion fixator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the 1st cavity (S1) diameter is 1.5mm.
6. perfusion fixator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described conical head (F) length is 1.5mm, and its base diameter is identical with middle right cylinder (G) diameter.
7. perfusion fixator as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the right cylinder of described centre (G) length is 70mm, and diameter 1.5mm is with the 1st cavity (S1) size match of sleeve (1); Described tail end (H) total length 10mm, wherein rear wall (H2) thickness is 2.0mm, external diameter 10mm, the thick 1.0mm of sidewall (H3), thread depth 1.0mm, pitch 1.5mm; Solid cylinder (H1) diameter of movement is 4.0mm, and the 2nd cavity (S2) that the external thread section (E) of itself and sleeve (1) surrounds fits like a glove.
8. perfusion fixator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the total length of described inner core (2) is greater than the total length of sleeve (1), and the length sum of right cylinder of described centre (G) and described solid cylinder (H1) equates with the total length of sleeve (1).
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| RU2480843C1 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-04-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение "Российский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени научно-исследовательский институт травматологии и ортопедии им. Р.Р. Вредена" Министерства здравоохранения и социального развития Российской Федерации (ФГБУ "РНИИТО им. Р.Р. Вредена" Минздравсоцразвития Ро | Method for creating experimental model of osteoporosis in rabbit |
| CN108717006A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-10-30 | 宁波江丰生物信息技术有限公司 | A kind of quick decalcification instrument and its method |
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| US5047030A (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1991-09-10 | Klaus Draenert | Suction drainage-bone screw |
| CN2782035Y (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-05-24 | 杨惠林 | Pourable vertebral arch root screw |
| CN100586931C (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-02-03 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Method for synthesizing 2,4-diamino[4'-(4-phenylacetylenylphthalimido)]diphenyl ether |
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| US20070233123A1 (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2007-10-04 | Osteomed, L.P. | Bone fixation device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5047030A (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1991-09-10 | Klaus Draenert | Suction drainage-bone screw |
| CN2782035Y (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-05-24 | 杨惠林 | Pourable vertebral arch root screw |
| CN100586931C (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2010-02-03 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Method for synthesizing 2,4-diamino[4'-(4-phenylacetylenylphthalimido)]diphenyl ether |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 刘达等.钉道局部固化与整体固化增强椎弓根螺钉稳定性的体内比较研究.《中国骨与关节损伤杂志》.2009,第24卷(第6期),第490-493页. * |
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