CN101258491A - 快照索引 - Google Patents
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- CN101258491A CN101258491A CNA2006800297806A CN200680029780A CN101258491A CN 101258491 A CN101258491 A CN 101258491A CN A2006800297806 A CNA2006800297806 A CN A2006800297806A CN 200680029780 A CN200680029780 A CN 200680029780A CN 101258491 A CN101258491 A CN 101258491A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1448—Management of the data involved in backup or backup restore
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
- G06F16/31—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1458—Management of the backup or restore process
- G06F11/1469—Backup restoration techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
- G06F2201/84—Using snapshots, i.e. a logical point-in-time copy of the data
Abstract
在摘要中涉及的技术特征不包括在括号中的参考标记(PCT条例8.1(d))。管理备份数据包括访问数据集的快照,其中所述数据集包括至少一个对象并且所述快照包括所述数据集的复制,以及关于所述快照中所包括的一个或多个对象的每一个,将至少指示所述对象位于所述快照内的哪个位置的索引数据添加到与所述快照相关联的索引中。
Description
背景技术
可靠的数据备份是当今计算机系统的一项重要需求。典型地,传统的备份系统通过将文件系统复制到诸如磁带或光盘的数据存储介质上来执行备份。对于包含大量数据的文件系统而言,该复制过程通常需要相当长的时间。因此,已经相对不频繁地执行传统的备份,诸如在每天一次或每周一次的基础上。最近,已经提供了“快照”类型的备份系统和/或程序,在一些情况下,其能够根据用户请求而更频繁地存储备份数据。然而,传统地使用备份数据来恢复特定的文件或其它存储对象(例如,文件的特定先前版本),用户不得不经历超长的恢复操作。其中可能包括文件的每个备份数据集都会被用来将源数据集“恢复”到与备份数据相关联的状态,并且接着遍历所恢复数据的文件系统来搜索所需要的文件。这种恢复和浏览方法会耗费过多的时间和资源,尤其在如“快照”和相关技术所允许的越来越频繁地生成备份文件的情况下。因此,具有一种使得用户能够更快且更容易地从备份数据访问特定文件和其它对象的方法将是有益的。
附图说明
以下的详细说明和附图中公开了本发明的各个实施例。
图1是图示备份系统实施例的框图。
图2是图示用于管理备份数据的方法实施例的流程图。
图3是图示备份数据的管理方法实施例的流程图。
图4A是图示根据一些实施例的索引项目布局的示图。
图4B图示如一些实施例中所实现的索引项目示例的首部、版本和孩子部分的细节。
图5是图示用于使用快照索引来恢复先前存储的数据的方法实施例的流程图。
图6是图示用于浏览备份数据的方法实施例的流程图。
图7是图示用于浏览的用户界面示例的示图。
图8是图示用于搜索备份数据的方法实施例的流程图。
图9是图示用于搜索备份数据的用户界面实施例的示图。
图10是图示用于搜索备份数据的用户界面实施例的示图。
具体实施方式
本发明能够以各种方式实现,包括作为方法、装置、系统、物质的合成物、计算机可读介质,诸如计算机可读存储介质或者其中在光或电通信链接上传送程序指令的计算机网络。在该说明书中,这些实施方式或本发明所能采取的任何其它形式均可被称为技术。所描述的被配置成执行任务的诸如处理器或存储器的部件包括被临时配置成在给定时间执行所述任务的通用部件,或者被制造成执行所述任务的特定部件。一般而言,所描述方法的步骤顺序在本发明的范围内可以进行变化。
以下连同图示本发明原理的附图提供对于本发明的一个或多个实施例的详细描述。本发明结合这些实施例进行描述,但是本发明并不局限于任何实施例。本发明的范围仅由权利要求来限定,并且本发明包含多种变化、修改和等同物。以下描述中所给出的多个特定细节是为了提供对于本发明的完全理解。这些细节是出于示例的目的所提供的,并且本发明可以根据没有全部或部分这些特定细节的权利要求来实现。出于简要的目的,没有对本发明相关技术领域中已知的技术要素进行详细描述,从而不会对本发明造成不必要的混淆。
公开了对数据备份进行管理。在一些实施例中,在不同时刻获得对数据集的快照。所述数据集包括一个或多个对象。与这些对象相关的信息存储在索引数据库中。在一些实施例中,所述索引数据库包括用于数据集中的每个对象的索引项目,该索引项目包括为连同快照一起存储的每个对象版本指示所述版本在快照数据内的位置的信息。所述快照可以本地或远程存储。所述索引数据库允许用户浏览或搜索感兴趣的项目。能够从快照数据中获取相关项目或项目的版本并将其呈现给用户。
图1是图示备份系统的实施例的框图。在该示例中,备份客户端100包括经历备份操作的数据。备份客户端100能够被实现为计算机代码、硬件设备、软件/硬件组合或任意其它适当的系统或系统部件。所述备份操作的可应用数据包括各种类型的系统组织的数据集,包括文件、目录、数据库或其它适当的数据对象。在不同时刻获得这些数据集的复制并且作为备份进行存储。如这里所使用的,所述数据集的复制也被称作快照。
在示例表示中,要被备份的数据集是文件系统102,其包括文件和目录的系统组织集合。虽然也能够使用诸如数据库对象之类的其它类型的对象,但是出于清楚的目的,以下示例仅涉及文件对象和目录对象。
在不同时刻获得文件系统的多个快照104。在不同的系统实现中采用用于获得快照的各种技术。例如,在一些系统中,当文件系统数据被创建或修改时,特殊用途的设备驱动器将文件系统数据复制在多个磁盘上。当系统发布命令来获得快照时,保存在指定磁盘上的数据并将其用作文件系统的快照以用于备份目的。对于文件系统可以创建多个快照。快照的最大数目取决于备份系统的实现。可以使用版本号、时间戳或其它适当的标识技术来标识不同的快照。在一些实施例中,为了给新的快照提供空间,可以将较旧的快照设置为过期或进行重写。在一些实施例中,在客户端100和/或其它主机上运行的应用程序生成和存储这些快照104。
在所示的例子中,索引服务106对索引108进行管理。所述索引是包括关于快照中的数据对象的信息的数据库。其能够被用于浏览、搜索或获取在快照中存储的特定数据对象。如将在以下更详细示出的,所述索引服务被配置成基于快照更新索引108中的项目。
在该例子中,示出了快照104定位于备份客户端。换句话说,备份客户端100能够访问快照而无需在网络上传送数据。在一些系统中,快照可以远程存储,诸如存储在联网的存储设备、服务器等上。相似地,索引服务106和索引108也能够关于所述备份客户端本地或远程定位。
图2是图示用于管理备份数据的方法的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中,方法200作为索引服务106的一部分来实现的。所述方法被配置成管理快照索引,并且可以在备份客户端或其它适当的远程设备上进行操作。在所示的例子中,所述方法在快照变为可用时开始(202)。访问所述快照(204)。与包括所述快照的对象相关联的数据被添加到索引中(206)。在一些实施例中,更新对应于快照中的一个对象的索引项目来指示所述对象在快照内的相对位置。在一些实施例中,将用于包括所述快照的每个对象的数据添加到所述索引中。
图3是图示备份数据的管理方法实施例的流程图。在该示例中,方法300是在快照创建之后的某个时刻执行。所述索引服务接收新快照为可用的指示(302)。访问所述快照(304)。在一些实施例中,访问所述快照包括安装所述快照以使得能够通过导航对应的文件系统来访问快照数据。接着,遍历所述文件系统以定位诸如文件或目录的每个文件系统对象(306)。在一些实施例中,遍历所述文件系统而无需要求安装所述快照。
在遍历期间,更新每个文件系统对象的索引项目(308-311)。确定对象是否是新的(308)。例如,如果文件系统对象在索引中没有对应的索引项目,则该文件系统对象是新的。如果文件系统对象是新的,则为该新的文件系统对象生成新的索引项目并将其添加到索引中(309)。然而,如果文件系统对象不是新的(即,已经存在索引项目),则将当前快照中关于该文件系统对象的信息添加到现有的对应项目中(310)。重复该项目的更新过程(308-310),直至遍历了所有的文件系统对象(311)。当遍历完成并已经更新了索引项目时,保存该索引(312)。接着卸下(un-mount)并清除所述文件系统(314)。当另一个新的快照变为可用时,重复所述过程并基于所述新的快照中的文件系统对象更新索引项目。在该示例中,如果相同的对象出现在多于一个的快照中,则每次在快照中遇到该对象时都更新与该对象相关联的单个索引项目,例如,通过添加到指示该对象和/或其版本在所述快照内的存在和/或位置的项目数据。在一些实施例中,对于快照中遇到的对象的每个实例都生成单独的项目。
在一些实施例中,所述索引是包括多个索引项目的数据库。图4A是图示根据一些实施例的索引项目布局的示图。在该示例中,所述数据库以具有固定长度的项目的表格格式来实现。每个项目使用其在该表格中的位置来参考和定位。换句话说,每个项目的标识符对应于它在表格中的项目号,并且如果一个项目的标识符(或其在表格中的偏移量)是已知的,则能够访问该项目。在搜索操作期间,对所述表格进行线性搜索以定位一个或多个匹配项目。在一些实施例中,其中存储有索引的介质支持比随机访问更快的线性访问,由此,需要线性访问的线性搜索比需要随机访问的分层搜索更快。
每个索引项目均具有在400中所示的布局,并且每个索引项目均对应于一个文件系统对象。所述索引项目包括可用于访问所述文件系统对象及其快照中的父亲或孩子的信息。如图所示,一个索引项目包括三个部分:用于存储关于所述文件系统对象的一般信息(例如,文件名或对象名)的首部部分,用于存储关于所述对象的不同版本(例如在不同快照中所找到的)的信息的版本部分,以及用于存储关于所述对象的孩子的信息的孩子部分。
在一些实施例中,所示对象的孩子包括诸如文件系统对象(例如,文件和目录)的对象,若有的话,这出现在与父亲对象相关联的分层结构(例如,与其中包括对象的快照相关联的文件系统目录或结构和/或与所述快照相关联的源数据集)中的所述父亲对象之下的下一级中。在一些实施例中,在图4A的索引项目中捕获识别对象父亲(例如,在首部中)和/或孩子的数据,若有的话,这使得该数据的分级表示能够被呈现,例如,如果需要的话,通过提供使得用户能够浏览分级结构来查找感兴趣的特定对象的文件系统或目录类型界面。
图4B图示如一些实施例中所实现的索引项目示例的首部、版本和孩子部分的细节。该示例项目具有对应于其在表格中的位置的标识符。表格402示出了首部部分的布局,其中包括用于存储关于索引项目的一般信息的字段,所述一般信息例如是对象名的偏移量和长度、版本表格和孩子表格信息、该项目的父亲目录的标识符,等等。在该项目的字段被填满的情况下,关于该项目的其它信息存储在连续项目中,所述连续项目的标识符被包括在首部中。
该示例的版本部分包括对应于快照的一个或多个版本的一个或多个版本项目。这些快照存储在快照表格中。表格404示出了一个版本项目的布局,其包括标识与其中存在与所述版本项目相关联的版本的快照相关联的快照表格项目、所述快照中的文件的版本大小以及所述对象的版本被最后修改的时间的标识符。
该示例中的每个孩子部分包括一个或多个孩子项目。表格406示出了一个孩子项目的布局,其包括表示该孩子的索引项目的标识符。
虽然图4A-4B图示了作为具有固定长度项目的平面文件的索引布局,但是在其它实施例中有时能够适当使用可变长度项目、具有不同字段和不同布局的项目。
用户可能希望访问快照并从其中恢复数据,诸如文件或其它对象的先前版本。图5是图示用于使用快照索引来恢复先前存储的数据的方法实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中,方法500作为索引服务的一部分来实施。在一些实施例中,该方法被单独实现并且能够与所述索引服务协同操作。在示例表示中,方法500在接收到请求时开始(502)。如以下将要详细示出的,这样的请求包括浏览或搜索快照。在索引中定位与所述请求相关联的响应数据(504)。在该示例中,所述索引是包括识别一个或多个对象的项目的快照索引,所述对象包括数据集的一个或多个快照,并且所述响应数据包括所述快照索引中对应于所述请求的适当索引项目。与所述响应数据所关联的对象相关联的信息(诸如关于对象的快照的信息)被提供给进行所述请求的呼叫方路由(506)。
图6是图示用于浏览备份数据的方法实施例的流程图。在该示例中,所述快照索引中的信息经由用户界面呈现给用户,允许用户浏览所述快照。方法600在接收到浏览请求时开始(602)。在示例表示中,所述浏览请求在用户经由所述用户界面请求浏览时被接收。接着定位代表所述文件系统(或者在使用除了文件系统之外的源数据集的情况下的其它分级结构)的根的索引项目,并且获取孩子项目(604)。在一些实施例中,所述文件系统的根占据所述索引中的固定位置(例如,索引中的第二项目)。
用户可以通过在所述用户界面中进行选择来继续浏览。一旦用户选择被进行和接收,就确定选择的类型(606)。在该情况下,用户可以选择目录对象或文件对象。如果选择了文件对象,则访问并获取对应于所选文件对象的索引数据(608)。所述索引数据包括关于快照的不同版本的信息,这些信息在用户界面中显示给用户。用户具有经由所述用户界面请求例如从与所述对象的特定实例所关联的快照相关联的数据中获取对象的特定实例的选项。该方法进入等待用户进行请求的状态。如果进行了这样的请求(609),则获取所请求的对象的实例,例如,特定版本,并使其对于用户是可用的(610)。如果用户没有进行这样的请求,则该方法继续等待直至用户指示他已经完成了浏览(614)。
如果用户选择了一个目录(606),则获取所选目录的孩子项目并且将其可选地显示给用户(612)。用户再次具有从孩子中选择目录或文件的选项(608)。这样,重复进行获取所选目录的孩子(614)或与文件相关的索引数据/快照(608-610)的过程。用户可以点击所述用户界面中提供的“清除(clear)”按钮或指示他已经完成了浏览而关闭窗口,或者继续进行浏览(614)。
图7是图示用于浏览的用户界面示例的示图。该示例所示的用户界面700给用户提供了选项来选择要在所述用户界面中呈现的多个快照。用户可以通过进行选择来浏览特定快照。提供有“清除”按钮来允许用户清除他的选择并重新开始。
图8是图示用于搜索备份数据的方法实施例的流程图。在该示例中,方法800在等待来自用户的搜索请求的状态中开始(802)。所述请求包括查询信息,诸如用于文件名匹配的搜索串、要搜索的版本号等。当接收到搜索请求时,该方法将所述搜索串与索引项目中的文件名进行比较以定位一个或多个潜在的匹配(804)。在一些实施例中,所述搜索检查所有的项目来查找所有的潜在匹配。获取与这些潜在匹配相关联的信息(例如,快照的版本信息)并将其可选地显示给用户(806)。该方法接着进入等待用户输入的状态(808)。一旦接收到用户输入,就确定其类型(810)。如果所述用户输入是从匹配项目中选择一个对象实例,则获取所请求的实例并将其可选地显示给用户(812)。如果所述用户输入是清除搜索结果,则该方法返回到初始状态以等待新的搜索请求输入(802)。如果所述用户输入指示用户完成了搜索,则该方法结束(814)。
图9是图示用于搜索备份数据的用户界面实施例的示图。该示例中所示的用户界面900为用户给出了选择搜索中使用的多个备份的选项。用户通过菜单904选择多个要搜索的备份。在框902中输入搜索串。在区域906中显示来自最后三个备份的匹配输入(在所示的例子中,因为用户已经通过菜单904选择了“最后3个备份”)。用户能够通过点击所需的文件名来观看、保存或恢复文件实例。例如,能够发现和获取存在于一些快照中,但是在后面的快照中被删除的诸如“Expense ReportJune.xls”的文件。用户能够通过按压按钮908清除搜索结果,或者通过按压按钮910关闭搜索窗口。
图10是图示用于搜索备份数据的用户界面实施例的示图。该示例中所示的用户界面1000为用户给出了从备份数据中存储的所有文件中进行查找与用户所输入的搜索串相匹配的所有文件的选项,其中索引可用于所述备份数据。搜索结果显示在区域1002中,在那里显示与每个匹配文件相关联的版本信息并且能够对这些版本信息进行选择。
已经公开了对数据备份进行管理。所描述的技术允许用户访问备份数据而无需对每个快照或感兴趣的对象可能存在于其中的其它备份数据集的文件系统(或其它分级结构)进行安装和导航。能够确定感兴趣的对象在备份数据内的位置,例如感兴趣的文件的特定版本,如果需要,能够快速和容易地获取所述对象并将其提供给用户。
虽然出于清楚理解的目的而在一定程度上详细描述了以上实施例,但是本发明并不局限于所提供的细节。本发明有许多可选的实施方式。所公开的实施例是说明性而不是限制性的。
Claims (23)
1.一种管理备份数据的方法,包括:
访问数据集的快照,其中所述数据集包括至少一个对象,并且所述快照包括所述数据集的复制;和
关于所述快照中所包括的一个或多个对象的每一个,将至少指示所述对象位于所述快照内的哪个位置的索引数据添加到与所述快照相关联的索引中。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述快照关于所述数据集被本地存储。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述数据集包括文件系统。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述快照是包括在第一指定时刻获得的所述数据集的第一复制的第一快照,并且所述方法进一步包括:
访问所述数据集的第二快照,所述第二快照包括在第二指定时刻获得的所述数据集的第二复制;和
关于在所述第二快照中包括的一个或多个对象的每一个,将至少指示所述对象位于所述第二快照内的哪个位置的索引数据添加到所述索引中。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述索引包括用于与所述数据集相关联的每个对象的索引项目,并且将索引数据添加到所述索引包括将所述索引数据添加到索引项目,作为索引的对象与该索引项目相关联。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述快照包括所述数据集的多个快照之一,其中每个快照均在不同时刻获得并且均包括在那个时刻存在的所述数据集的复制,并且所述索引包括用于每个对象的索引项目,对于在所述多个快照之一中遇到的所述对象的实例,所述索引项目包括与所述对象的该实例相关联的版本数据。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述版本数据包括将所述实例与快照时刻相关联的数据,所述快照时刻与其中包括所述实例的快照相关联。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述版本数据包括指示所述对象的所述实例被最后修改的时刻的数据。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中将索引数据添加到所述索引包括如果已经不存在索引项目,则为所述对象创建一个索引项目。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中访问快照包括安装所述快照并使用与所述快照相关联的文件系统来定位和获取所述快照内包括的一个或多个对象。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述索引被配置成用来确定感兴趣的对象是否包括在所述快照中。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述索引被配置成用来确定感兴趣的对象是否包括在所述快照中而无需安装所述快照。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述索引被配置成用来确定感兴趣的对象在所述快照内的位置而无需安装所述快照。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述索引数据包括关于已经与索引数据相关联的对象,在所述数据集的分级结构中的一个或多个孩子对象,用于每个孩子对象的孩子对象数据指示与所述孩子对象相关联的项目在所述索引内的位置。
15.一种数据备份系统,包括:
处理器,其被配置成;
访问数据集的快照,其中所述数据集包括至少一个对象,并且所述快照包括所述数据集的复制;和
关于所述快照中所包括的一个或多个对象的每一个,将至少指示所述对象位于所述快照内的哪个位置的索引数据添加到与所述快照相关联的索引中;
耦合到所述处理器的存储器,其被配置成为所述处理器提供指令。
16.如权利要求15所述的系统,其中所述快照是包括在第一指定时刻获得的所述数据集的第一复制的第一快照,并且所述处理器进一步被配置成:
访问所述数据集的第二快照,所述第二快照包括在第二指定时刻获得的所述数据集的第二复制;和
关于在所述第二快照中包括的一个或多个对象的每一个,将至少指示所述对象位于所述第二快照内的哪个位置的索引数据添加到所述索引中。
17.如权利要求15所述的系统,其中所述快照包括所述数据集的多个快照之一,其中每个快照均在不同时刻获得并且均包括在那个时刻存在的所述数据集的复制,并且所述索引包括用于每个对象的索引项目,对于在所述多个快照之一中遇到的所述对象的实例,所述索引项目包括与所述对象的该实例相关联的版本数据。
18.如权利要求15所述的系统,其中访问快照包括安装所述快照并使用与所述快照相关联的文件系统来定位和获取在所述快照内包括的一个或多个对象。
19.一种用于管理备份数据的计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品被记录于计算机可读介质中并且包括计算机指令,所述计算机指令用来:
访问数据集的第二快照,所述第二快照包括在第二指定时刻获得的所述数据集的第二复制;和
关于所述第二快照中所包括的一个或多个对象的每一个,将至少指示所述对象位于所述第二快照内的哪个位置的索引数据添加到所述索引中。
20.如权利要求19所述的计算机程序产品,其中所述快照包括所述数据集的多个快照之一,其中每个快照均在不同时刻获得并且均包括如在那个时刻存在的所述数据集的复制,并且所述索引包括用于每个对象的索引项目,对于在所述多个快照之一中遇到的所述对象的实例,所述索引项目包括与所述对象的该实例相关联的版本数据。
21.一种恢复先前备份的数据的方法,包括:
在包括标识一个或多个对象的数据的索引中定位与请求相关联的响应数据,所述对象包括数据集的一个或多个快照;和
提供与所述响应数据所关联的对象相关联的信息。
22.如权利要求21所述的方法,其中所述请求包括第一浏览请求;所述索引包括将所述对象与父亲对象相关联的父亲数据,若有的话,所述对象在与所述数据集相关联的分级结构中与所述父亲对象相关联,和将所述对象与一个或多个孩子对象相关联的孩子数据,若有的话,这些孩子对象在所述分级结构中与所述对象相关联;并且所述方法进一步包括:
接收第二浏览请求,所述第二浏览请求指示与所述父亲对象或者所述一个或多个孩子对象的一个或多个相关联的信息是期望的;
使用如可应用的父亲对象或者孩子对象来定位与父亲对象相关联的索引数据或者与所述一个或多个孩子对象的一个或多个相关联的索引数据,和
提供与如可应用的所述父亲对象或所述孩子对象相关联的信息。
23.一种用于恢复先前备份的数据的系统,包括:
处理器,其被配置成:
在包括标识一个或多个对象的数据的索引中定位与请求相关联的响应索引数据,所述对象包括数据集的一个或多个快照;和
提供与所述响应索引数据所关联的对象相关联的信息;和
耦合到所述处理器的存储器,其被配置成为所述处理器提供指令。
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2010
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CN101599080B (zh) * | 2009-07-22 | 2011-06-29 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | 一种备份数据的组织系统和方法 |
CN104035952A (zh) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-10 | 海坎普系统股份有限公司 | 硬件支持的存储临时拷贝 |
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CN105045684A (zh) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-11-11 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | 索引切换和索引控制的方法及装置 |
CN105045684B (zh) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-06-15 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | 索引切换和索引控制的方法及装置 |
CN106127235A (zh) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 武汉烽火众智数字技术有限责任公司 | 一种基于目标特征碰撞的车辆查询方法和系统 |
CN106127235B (zh) * | 2016-06-17 | 2020-05-08 | 武汉烽火众智数字技术有限责任公司 | 一种基于目标特征碰撞的车辆查询方法和系统 |
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WO2007021997A2 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
US20100185592A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
JP2009505289A (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
EP1915710A2 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
US7716171B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 |
US8346728B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 |
US20110173160A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
US7937372B2 (en) | 2011-05-03 |
US20070043790A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
EP1915710A4 (en) | 2009-07-29 |
WO2007021997A3 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
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