CN101092890B

CN101092890B - Internal-combustion engine having rotating timing

Info

Publication number: CN101092890B
Application number: CN2007101388175A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马里奥·布里吉尼亚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-06-07
Filing date: 2007-06-06
Publication date: 2011-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2027-06-06
Also published as: ITBO20060442A1; DE102007026140A1; CN101092890A

Abstract

The invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine, basically comprising a cylinder body (2), four modularized units (3) and two rotary distributors (4, 5). Each modularized unit can slide in the respective cavity of the cylinder body (2). For each unit (3), two rotary distributors are rotatably contained in the two corresponding cylindrical holes (22, 23) in the top cap (17) of the respective unit (3) in a sealing mode. The internal combustion engine includes a device (37) for fixing first and second distributors (4, 5) on the cylinder body, and the fixing device includes at least one semi-support (34) with the shape matched with the first and second distributors. The semi-support has a part stably connected to the cylinder body. The semi-support and the cylinder body form a first and a second cylindrical housings (35, 36) which are coaxial relative to the first and second holes (22, 23) in the top cap. The first and the second distributors can free rotate in the first and the second cylindrical housings.

Description

Internal-combustion engine with rotation timing

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine with rotation timing.

Especially, the present invention relates to a kind of Reciprocating engine with the whirligig that is used for exhaust and air inlet distribution.

Background technique

In the reciprocating internal combustion engine field, known use rotary distributor replaces the normal allocation device, and this normal allocation device uses and places in the cylinder head and axle by being equipped with cam directly or by the suitable intermediary element poppet valve that moves of rocking arm for example.

This rotary distributor has many purposes, but they basically all with simplify and to improve the design of above-mentioned use poppet valve relevant.

Recent years, technical paper discloses the present restriction of using rotary valve to allow to surmount quietness and the speed of internal-combustion engine, no matter they are Otto cycle type or diesel cycle type, they be limited to small part owing to the structure that at present sucks and discharge poppet valve.

Owing to have the reciprocatory motion that returns elastically, the speed of the poppet valve mechanical property with the elastic element that inspires them unavoidablely is relevant, and they have produced the metal bump that has high noise levels at each stroke end.

Comparatively speaking, owing to both be not used in the elastic element of backhaul, also do not have the metal bump of stroke end, rotary valve can reach high speed rotating and very quiet.

, the problem of rotary valve is fluid-tight.

Because the loss of chamber pressure causes the loss of energy and bad engine performance, therefore the existence of good sealing is necessary to correct motor operation.

The problem of the use rotation timing that does not still fully solve is the lubricated of rotary distributor parts.

If use the motor with rotation timing, another defective that often runs into is the layout of the spark plug under the Otto engine situation or the layout that is used for the sparger of Diesel cycle engine.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide the internal-combustion engine with rotation timing, it has carried out improving and having the structure that can overcome the problems referred to above and defective aspect fluid-tight, rotary distributor lubricated.

More conspicuous in the following description these and other objects realize by the internal-combustion engine with rotation timing.

The present invention realizes a kind of internal-combustion engine with rotation timing, comprising: cylinder block, have at least one chamber that holds at least one corresponding cylindrical body, and the described cylindrical body portion within it of being designed to holds the respective pistons of sliding with sealing means; Top cover, stable being connected on the cylindrical body, to form modular unit, this modular unit is installed in the following manner: it can endwisely slip with respect to cylinder block; Outlet pipe and suction tude from pre-lid extension, top cover has parallel to each other mutually, first cylindrical hole and second cylindrical hole perpendicular to cylindrical body, described cylindrical body and first and second holes in top cover are respectively by at least the first mouthful and second mouthful communicate with each other and the comprise first cylindrical rotary distributor and the second cylindrical rotary distributor, described rotary distributor is can free rotation mode settle in first and second holes in top cover respectively, first distributor has at least one and is designed to allow circularly the cross through hole that is communicated with between first mouthful and the suction tude, second distributor to have at least one to be designed to allow circularly the cross through hole that is communicated with between second mouthful and the outlet pipe; It is characterized in that: described internal-combustion engine comprises and is used for first and second distributors are fixed to device on the cylinder block, described fixing device comprises at least one half bearing, its shape and first and second distributors are complementary, described half bearing has can stablize the part that is connected on the cylinder block, described half bearing and cylinder block form first and second cylindrical housings coaxial with respect to first and second holes in the top cover, and first and second distributors can rotate freely in first and second cylindrical housings.

Advantageously, top cover comprises the chamber that is used to hold spark plug or sparger.

Advantageously, internal-combustion engine comprises the cooling unit that is used to cool off top cover.

Advantageously, cooling unit is included at least one chamber that is used to hold freezing mixture in the top cover.

Advantageously, internal-combustion engine comprises lubricating fitting, and it is designed to be convenient to the rotation of the first and second cylindrical distributors.

Advantageously, each of the first and second cylindrical distributors is by two end radial bearing supportings, in radial bearing insertion of described end and the integrally formed respective housings of cylinder block, lubricating fitting comprises the lubrication management that is used for each distributor, and described lubrication management is designed to lubricating fluid is offered radial bearing.

Advantageously, each of the first and second cylindrical distributors is by two end radial bearings and intermediate bearing supporting, in each bearing insertion and the integrally formed respective housings of cylinder block, lubricating fitting comprises the lubrication management that is used for each distributor, and described lubrication management is designed to lubricating fluid is offered radial bearing.

Advantageously, each bearing comprises the zone that is used at least temporarily collecting lubricating fluid separately.

Advantageously, the zone that is used to collect lubricating fluid comprises the groove on the respective inner surfaces that is formed at bearing.

Advantageously, described lubrication management extends at least partially in each of the first and second cylindrical distributors, and comprises a passage that is connected to bearing for each end radial bearing.

Advantageously, passage leads to the zone that is used to collect lubricating fluid.

Advantageously, for each cylindrical hole, lubricating fitting comprises the notch at least one internal surface that is formed at the hole, and described notch is designed to distributing lubricating fluid on the outer surface at cylindrical distributor during the cylindrical distributor rotation.

Advantageously, notch is parallel to the bus longitudinal extension in hole.

Advantageously, described lubricating fitting comprises the second channel that is connected on the hole, and second channel notch place therein leads to the internal surface of cylindrical hole.

Advantageously, each distributor comprises a plurality of and the calibration radial hole that is used for lubricating fluid path channel connection.

Advantageously, the outer surface of distributor comprises the groove that is used to collect oil.

Advantageously, lubricating fitting comprises vacuum pump apparatus, and it is designed to draw the overlubricate fluid from groove.

Advantageously, lubricating fitting comprises a plurality of passages that lead to the surface, and described passage is arranged along notch one by one.

Advantageously, cylindrical body is fixed on the top cover by compulsory being threaded.

Description of drawings

According to above-mentioned purpose, with reference to accompanying drawing, advantage of the present invention is more apparent in detailed explanation subsequently, description of drawings only as the preferred embodiment of example, and do not limit the scope of the invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the signal longitudinal sectional drawing of motor constructed in accordance, and the some of them parts are removed;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional views according to line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 a shows the details of the amplification of Fig. 2;

Fig. 3 is the perspective illustration of the motor of Fig. 1, and some parts are decomposed;

Fig. 4 is the perspective illustration of the motor of Fig. 1, and wherein the part parts are decomposed, and the part parts are removed, so that better explain the other parts of motor;

Fig. 5 a is the detailed local perspective illustration of the motor of above-mentioned all figure;

Fig. 5 b is the part perspective illustration with detailed partial cross section of Fig. 5 a;

Fig. 6 a and 6b are the local perspective illustrations according to the motor of manufacturing of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the drawing in side sectional elevation according to the line VII-VII of Fig. 1, and the part parts are removed so that better explain other parts;

Fig. 8 is the perspective illustration according to the details of motor of the present invention, and the part parts are removed so that the other parts of better explaination;

Fig. 9 is the schematic, cross-sectional diagram according to the details of motor of the present invention, and wherein part parts not to scale (NTS) is amplified.

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1 and 2,, whole represent that this internal-combustion engine comprises cylinder block 2, four modular units 3, respectively by 4 and 5 first and second rotary distributors of representing with 1 according to reciprocating internal combustion engine of the present invention.

In Fig. 1, motor 1 is a four-stroke type, has four cylinders that become delegation.The structure of expression is only as example, and never restriction is used for the many different possible structure of motor constructed in accordance.

As shown in Figure 1, cylinder block 2 comprises basal wall 6 and five

vertical walls

7,8,9,10,11 that extend from basal wall 6.

In its lower area 12, cylinder block 2 comprises the chamber 13 that is used to hold bent axle 14, and bent axle has spin axis A separately.

In the center region 15 of cylinder block 2, the

vertical wall

7,8,9,10,11 of cylinder block 2 forms four from extend cylindraceous basically of chamber 13 and have the chamber 16 of central axis B separately, and each central axis is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the spin axis A of bent axle 14.Bent axle 14 passes four chambeies 16, and is supported by

wall

7,8,9,10 and 11 by the bearing of known type.Chamber 16 comprises the lower end 16a on the chamber 13 of placing separately, with the vertical relative upper end 16b of separately central axis B.

Each modular unit 3 comprises top cover 17 and cylindrical body 18, and cylindrical body is by top cover 17 restrictions and embed top cover, and it can endwisely slip with it in one of them chamber 16 of cylinder block 2 coaxially like this.

Cylindrical body 18 is by forcing to be connected on the top cover 17 separately, and preferably described connection is by the acquisition that is threaded.

Further, two allow ring packing in axial sliding 108 to be inserted on cylindrical body 18.

Cylindrical body 18 has the interior cylindrical wall 19 that extends from top cover 17, and its lower end leads to chamber 13.

Can be connected on the bent axle 14 with mode piston 20 motions in axial sliding of sealing in cylindrical wall 19 inside of each modular unit 3, its mode and according to method be known, therefore be not further described.Between top cover 17 and corresponding piston 20, the cylindrical wall 19 of each modular unit 3 forms firing chamber 21.

First and second

cylindrical holes

22,23 pass each top cover 17, transverse to the axis of cylindrical body 18.

Top cover 17 is in alignment with each other, and makes that

cylindrical hole

22,23 separately is coaxial.Illustrate better as Fig. 5 a, 5b, each

hole

22,23 has cylindrical form interior surface 24.

First hole 22 links to each other with the outlet pipe 25 that leads to top cover 17 outsides, and second hole 23 links to each other with suction tude 26 simultaneously, and this suction tude is also led to top cover 17 outsides.

As shown in Figure 2,

hole

22,23 links to each other with firing chamber 21 with 28 by two mouths 27 separately.

With reference to Fig. 1 and 2, two rotary distributors the 4, the 5th, columniform, and be contained in the

cylindrical hole

22,23 in the top cover 17, each supports in the following manner: it can rotate freely by two end

radial bearings

29,30 with by an intermediate bearing 100.

Rotary distributor

4,5 has spin axis C ', C separately ".

Shown in Fig. 3 and 4, radial bearing 29,30,100 is inserted the housing separately 31,32,101 that the semi-circular portion 33 by cylinder block 2 forms.

With reference to figure 3 and 4, for every pair of semi-circular portion 33, motor 1 comprises shape and

distributor

4,5 couplings and can stablize corresponding half bearing 34 that is connected on the semi-circular portion 33.

As shown in Figure 1, in their package assembly, every pair of semi-circular portion 33 and corresponding bearing 34 define first and second cylindrical housings 35,36 coaxial with the

hole

22,23 of each top cover 17.

Distributor

4,5 can rotate freely in housing 35,36.

Semi-circular portion 33 and half bearing 34 are formed for

distributor

4,5 is fixed to device 37 on the cylinder block 2, because modular unit and

distributor

4,5 unitary mouldings, thereby modular unit 3 is fixed on the cylinder block 2.

As shown in Figure 8, insert aluminium ring 109 between each modular unit 3, aluminium ring both sides have the bearing 109a separately that is used for O shape ring 109b, and described O shape ring 109b has guaranteed the oil seal between each modular unit 3, still allows it to endwisely slip in addition.

With reference to figure 6a, 6b, at its lower area of internal surface, each bearing 29,30,100 has the groove separately 38 that forms zone 39, is used to gather lubricating fluid.

With reference to figure 2 and 5b, according to the type of motor, each top cover 17 comprises the chamber 40 that is used to hold spark plug 41 or unshowned sparger.

Rotary distributor

4,5 has cylindrical outer surface 42 and a plurality of cross through hole 43 basically, along axis C ', C " axial distribution, and be designed to the

mouth

27 and 28 of each top cover 17 is communicated with corresponding exhaust and suction tude 25 and 26.Under situation shown in the drawings, with respect to

rotary distributor

4,5, described hole 43 is radial direction through hole, and therefore

mouth

27,28 is with

pipe

25,26 is radially relative accordingly., obviously this is an illustrated embodiment, may alternative embodiment provide constraints for other, wherein for example manage 25,26 and differently arrange with respect to

mouth

27,28, and hole 43 be not radially with straight.

Advantageously, corresponding

mouthfuls

27,28 on radial hole 43 on the

distributor

4,5 and the top cover 17 has geometric shape separately, and it is designed to optimize and is full of and discharges gas, sets up a kind of variation by the cross section, and it can compare with the lifting rule of traditional poppet valve.

Preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings can be seen at Fig. 7, and the outer surface 42 of

distributor

4,5 has cylindrical sheath 44, and sheath is made by the metallic material with high strength and hardness, and is for the purpose of more clear, not shown at other.

In unshowned alternative embodiment, sheath 44 is made by stupalith.

According to the replacement form of other alternative embodiment do not shown and use sheath,, surface heat is applied to the sclerosis that

distributor

4,5 is realized the outer surface 42 of

distributors

4,5 by being handled.

As shown in Figure 1,

rotary distributor

4,5 is connected with bent axle 14 motions by toothed belt 45.In such a way, drive their rotations, so that the rotation of they and bent axle 14 is synchronous.With reference to the situation shown in the four stroke engine, gear ratio is 1/4 between bent axle 14 and

rotary distributor

4,5.

The alternative embodiment of not showing according to the present invention, between bent axle 14 and

distributor

4,5 by having suitable lubricated gear or chain transmitting moving.

As shown in Figure 1, at their outer surface 42,

rotary distributor

4,5 has a plurality of circumferential sections 46 that are used for radial seal, and described radial seal is contained in the circumferential groove 47 that is manufactured on the sheath 44 separately, and inserts between the interior barrel surface 24 in

distributor

4,5 and

hole

22,23.

Shown in Fig. 1 signal, motor 1 comprises the pump 48 that is used for lubricating fluid, and it places in the suitable housing 48a of vertical wall 11 of cylinder block 2.Lubrication management 49 extends from pump 48, and the 49a of its first portion provides the pressure feed lubrication fluid for the bearing 29 of supporting

rotary distributor

4,5.

Shown in Fig. 6 a, 7, by being manufactured on the hole 102 on the bearing 29, the 49a of first portion leads to the groove 38 in the zone 39 that is formed for gathering lubricating fluid.

On bearing 29, each

distributor

4,5 has first radial passage 50, it is designed to the 49a of first portion that allows at lubrication management 49 and manages fluid flow between 49 the second portion 49b, this second portion 49b is positioned at

rotary distributor

4,5, along axis C ', the C " longitudinal extension of rotary distributor.

Similar with bearing 29, passage 50 is arranged in bearing 30.Be positioned at the second portion 49b of pipe 49, because the pressure that pump 48 is applied to it and its centrifugal force that is subjected to after

distributor

4,5 rotations, the lubricating fluid in the distributor flows to intermediate bearing 100 by described passage 50, and flows to terminal bearing 30 from that.

Lubrication management 49 also has third part 49c, and it extends and be connected on the chamber 13 that holds bent axle 14 from bearing 30.According to known method (so no longer more describing in detail in the text), by managing 49 third part 49c, the lubricating fluid of supply bearing 30 flows into chamber 13, is also managed circulation 49 once more by pump 48 pumpings again from that.

Shown in Fig. 5 a and 5b, on the interior barrel surface 24 in hole 22,23 C ' that parallels to the axis, C are arranged " with vertical notch 51 of

cylindrical hole

22,23 buses extension.At notch 51 places, the lubricating fluid that a plurality of second channels 52 that lead to the internal surface 24 of

cylindrical hole

22,23 are drawn from surface 24.Second channel 52 is arranged one by one along notch 51.

Further, on its surface 42, each

distributor

4,5 comprises calibration hole 105 and a plurality of oil trap 106 of the internal communication of a plurality of and

distributor

4,5.

The lubricating fluid that comes from distributor 5 inside under pressure passes through calibration radial hole 105, and is full of the passage 52 as cistern.Lubricating fluid flows the outer surface 42 of lubrication distribution device along notch 51 then.Collect oil then in groove 106, this groove is positioned on the outer surface 42 of distributor, and is connected on (its Placement is not shown) vacuum pump element 53, can see in Fig. 1, and the vacuum pump element places outside the vertical wall 7 of an end of distributor 4,5.Advantageously, vacuum pump element 53 is the types with blade, is generally used for automobile component.In other words, vacuum pump element 53 is drawn lubricating fluid, and sends it back to pipe 49.

Pump 48, the pipe 49 with

part

49a, 49b and 49c, first passage 50, second channel 52, notch 51, hole 105, groove 106, vacuum pump element 53 have formed together and have been used for the lubricating fitting 54 that motor 1 is used in particular for

rotary distributor

4,5.

With reference to figure 5b, each top cover 17 also has a plurality of inner chambers 55 that are designed to hold freezing mixture.

Advantageously, cylindrical body 18 is also by the lubricating fluid cooling by the passage 49d that extends from passage 49, branch and flow out from the passage 49e relative with passage 49d in its toroidal cavity 107 between cylindrical body 18.

Chamber 55 forms engine cooling apparatus.

Preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, at top cover 17 separately, each modular unit 3 has the inlet tube 103 of the freezing mixture that enters chamber 55 and leaves the outer pipe 104 of the freezing mixture in chamber 55.

Advantageously, disclosed motor 1 with above-mentioned feature allows the effectively lubricating and the same effectively engine cooling of rotary distributor 4,5.Further, modular unit 3 is free to slide along their axis and has guaranteed that from motive sealing it has increased the pressure of firing chamber.

As shown in Figure 9, at every turn the piston 20 that is moved by bent axle 14 starts compression and combustion steps subsequently, and active force upwards promotes whole top cover-piston-cylinder unit, has therefore compensated for the gap that exists in the bottom of the round chamber of top cover and the connection between the distributor pin.What emphasize is for clarity, in Fig. 9,

distributor

4,5 to be shown with respect to corresponding

hole

22,23 off-centre.

Above-mentioned the present invention can modify under the scope that does not deviate from the present invention's design and adapt in a different manner.And all details of the present invention can be replaced by the technical element that is equal to.

Claims

1. one kind has the internal-combustion engine that rotates timing, comprising:

Cylinder block (2) has at least one chamber (16) that holds at least one corresponding cylindrical body (18), and described cylindrical body (18) portion within it of being designed to holds the respective pistons (20) of sliding with sealing means;

Top cover (17), stable being connected on the cylindrical body (18), to form modular unit (3), this modular unit is installed in the following manner: it can endwisely slip with respect to cylinder block (2);

Outlet pipe (25) and suction tude (26) from top cover (17) extension, top cover (17) has parallel to each other mutually, first cylindrical hole (22) and second cylindrical hole (23) perpendicular to cylindrical body (18), described cylindrical body (18) and first and second holes (22 in top cover (17), 23) communicate with each other by at least the first mouthful (27) and second mouthful (28) respectively and comprise the first cylindrical rotary distributor (4) and the second cylindrical rotary distributor (5), described rotary distributor is with first and second holes (22 in top cover (17) respectively, 23) can free rotation mode settle in, first distributor (4) has at least one cross through hole (43) that is designed to allow circularly connection between first mouthful (27) and the suction tude (26), and second distributor (5) has at least one cross through hole (43) that is designed to allow circularly connection between second mouthful (28) and the outlet pipe (25);

It is characterized in that: described internal-combustion engine comprises and being used for first and second distributors (4,5) be fixed to device (37) on the cylinder block, described fixing device (37) comprises at least one half bearing (34), its shape and first and second distributors (4,5) be complementary, described half bearing has can stablize the part that is connected on the cylinder block, described half bearing (34) and cylinder block (2) form with respect to first and second holes (22 in the top cover, 23) coaxial first and second cylindrical housings (35,36), first and second distributors (4,5) can be in first and second cylindrical housings (35,36) rotate freely in.

2. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: top cover (17) comprises the chamber (40) that is used to hold spark plug (41) or sparger.

3. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it comprises the cooling unit (56) that is used to cool off top cover.

4. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: it comprises the cooling unit (56) that is used to cool off top cover.

5. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: cooling unit (56) is included at least one chamber (55) that is used to hold freezing mixture in the top cover (17).

6. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: cooling unit (56) is included at least one chamber (55) that is used to hold freezing mixture in the top cover (17).

7. as any described internal-combustion engine of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: it comprises lubricating fitting (54), and it is designed to be convenient to the rotation of the first and second cylindrical distributors (4,5).

8. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: each of the first and second cylindrical distributors (4,5) is supported by two end radial bearings (29,30), in radial bearing insertion of described end and the integrally formed respective housings of cylinder block (2) (31,32), lubricating fitting (54) comprises the lubrication management (49) that is used for each distributor (4,5), and described lubrication management is designed to lubricating fluid is offered radial bearing (29,30).

9. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: each of the first and second cylindrical distributors (4,5) is by two end radial bearings (29,30) and intermediate bearing (100) supporting, in each bearing insertion and the integrally formed respective housings of cylinder block (2) (31,32,101), lubricating fitting (54) comprises the lubrication management (49) that is used for each distributor (4,5), and described lubrication management is designed to lubricating fluid is offered radial bearing (29,30,100).

10. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: each bearing (29,30) comprises the zone that is used at least temporarily collecting lubricating fluid (39) separately.

11. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: each bearing (29,30,100) comprises the zone that is used at least temporarily collecting lubricating fluid (39) separately.

12. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 10, its feature in: the zone (39) that is used to collect lubricating fluid comprises the groove (38) on the respective inner surfaces that is formed at bearing (29,30).

13. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 11, its feature in: the zone (39) that is used to collect lubricating fluid comprises the groove (38) on the respective inner surfaces that is formed at bearing (29,30,100).

14. as any described internal-combustion engine of claim 8 to 13, it is characterized in that: described lubrication management (49) is at least partially in extending in each of the first and second cylindrical distributors (4,5), and comprises a passage (50) that is connected to bearing (29,30) for each end radial bearing (29,30).

15. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that: passage (50) leads to the zone (39) that is used to collect lubricating fluid.

16. as any described internal-combustion engine of claim 8 to 13, it is characterized in that: for each cylindrical hole (22,23), lubricating fitting (54) comprises the notch (51) at least one internal surface (24) that is formed at hole (22,23), and described notch (51) is designed to go up the distribution lubricating fluid at the outer surface (42) of cylindrical distributor during cylindrical distributor (4,5) rotation.

17. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that: notch (51) is parallel to the bus longitudinal extension of hole (22,23).

18. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that: described lubricating fitting (54) comprises the second channel (52) that is connected on the hole (22,23), and second channel (a 52) notch (51) therein locates to lead to the internal surface (24) of cylindrical hole (22,23).

19. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that: each distributor (4,5) comprises a plurality of calibration radial holes (105) that are used for the lubricating fluid path that are communicated with passage (52).

20. as any described internal-combustion engine of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the outer surface (42) of distributor (4,5) comprises the groove (106) that is used to collect oil.

21. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that: lubricating fitting (54) comprises vacuum pump apparatus (53), and it is designed to draw the overlubricate fluid from groove (106).

22. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that: lubricating fitting (54) comprises a plurality of passages (52) that lead to surface (24), and described passage is arranged along notch (51) one by one.

23. as any described internal-combustion engine of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: cylindrical body (18) is fixed on the top cover (17) by compulsory being threaded.