Dust investigating and method of work thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dust investigating and method of work thereof.
Background technology
Dust concentration under the mine is too high to be one of reason that causes explosion of coal mines, though adopt outside forced draft to reduce dust concentration, but still be the hidden danger of downhole safety.At present, the normal method monitoring dust concentration that adopts regularly sampling observation by using suction fan and bulky grain screen pack, sucks dust in the dust box, claims its weight again, thereby estimates dust concentration.This method is not only inaccurate, inconvenient, and the situation of dust under the responsing well comprehensively, and sampling observation simultaneously is safe and reliable not as monitoring in real time.
Chinese patent literature CN2692660Y discloses a kind of laser dust instrument, be provided with a darkroom with gas production, exhaust, return-air mouth in its casing, the gas production mouth is provided with a particle cutter, be provided with by dividing plate between gas production, the exhausr port every the gas passage of establishing, one side in darkroom is provided with a light source and the laser generator that is connected with this light source, the dividing plate of gas passage is provided with the light hole corresponding with light source, the opposite side in darkroom is corresponding with light source, be sequentially provided with optical lens group and photelectric receiver, photelectric receiver connects a signal processing apparatus; Wherein: described exhausr port connects a filter membrane sampler, described filter membrane sampler connects an aspiration pump, described aspiration pump connects a shunt, described shunt has two gas outlets, a wherein gas outlet exhaust, another gas outlet connects described return-air mouth, and described signal processing apparatus and described laser generator connect an one chip microcomputer.
In addition, Chinese patent 85109253 discloses a kind of optical instrument; Chinese patent 87204329 discloses a kind of microcomputer dust gauge; Chinese patent application 93117116 discloses a kind of laser dust concentration monitor and alarm; Chinese patent 94239247.7 discloses a kind of dust concentration and has measured meter; Chinese patent literature CN2694264Y discloses a kind of powder concentration measurement device; Chinese patent application 03112643.X discloses a kind of laser scattering type dust concentration On-line Measuring Method.
Above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part is, complex structure, volume is big, cost is high and detection method is complicated, efficient is low.
Chinese patent literature CN2751300Y discloses a kind of embedded type multifunctional flue dust dust on-line monitoring system, comprise infrared launcher, infrared receiving device and master controller, master controller is made up of single-chip microcomputer, button, display and storer, on the I/O port of single-chip microcomputer, be connected to the RS232 interface that is used to realize remote instruments parameter setting and data transmission, can realize remote instruments parameter setting and data transmission.The weak point of this monitoring system is: form single monitoring channel by outer emitter and infrared receiving device, can't carry out measurement update, so error is big.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, detection efficiency is high, measuring error is little dust investigating and method of work thereof.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has designed a kind of dust investigating, the infraluminescence pipe, the photo-electric signal receiving circuit that links to each other with the photosignal input end of central control unit, infrared receiving tube that links to each other with the input end of photo-electric signal receiving circuit and the warning circuit that links to each other with the alarm signal output ends of central control unit that have central control unit, the emission driving circuit that links to each other with the emission control output terminal of central control unit, link to each other with the output terminal of emission driving circuit; It is characterized by: the infraluminescence pipe is by the infraluminescence pipe row of a plurality of infraluminescence pipes by line spread, and infrared receiving tube is by the infrared receiving tube row of a plurality of infrared receiving tubes by line spread; Described infraluminescence pipe row and infrared receiving tube are listed as the parallel dust passage left and right sides that is relatively arranged on, and each infraluminescence pipe and each infrared receiving tube are oppositely arranged one by one; Described infraluminescence pipe row are vertical with respect to airflow direction in the dust passage with plane, infrared receiving tube row place; Also have sealing, non-dusting relatively passage, relatively two ends, the passage left and right sides are provided with infraluminescence pipe that links to each other with the output terminal of launching driving circuit and the infrared receiving tube that links to each other with the input end of photo-electric signal receiving circuit relatively.
In the technique scheme, relatively the infraluminescence pipe and the infrared receiving tube at passage two ends are arranged on the same straight line, and its spacing equals the spacing of infraluminescence pipe row and infrared receiving tube row.
In the technique scheme, the front end of infrared receiving tube row is provided with infrared fileter, and all the other end faces of infrared receiving tube row are sealed by light-proof material.
In the technique scheme, the front and back ends of described dust passage is provided with blow vent, and all the other each end faces are sealed by light-proof material; Front end and/or rear end that dust is logical are provided with the fan that is used to form air-flow.
In the technique scheme, also have the display circuit that links to each other with the shows signal output terminal of central control unit and the keyboard circuit that input end links to each other is set with the parameter of central control unit.
In the technique scheme, central control unit comprises single-chip microcomputer IC1, and single-chip microcomputer IC1 has program storage IC3 and data-carrier store IC4 by latch IC2 expansion.
In the technique scheme, described emission driving circuit comprises code translator IC7, the emission control output terminal of single-chip microcomputer IC1 links to each other with the control input end of code translator IC7, the output terminal of code translator IC7 is provided with a plurality of emission driving circuits, and each output terminal of launching driving circuit links to each other with each infraluminescence pipe respectively.
In the technique scheme, described photo-electric signal receiving circuit comprises a plurality of reception driving circuits, electronic switch IC5, amplifying circuit and RC filtering circuit; Each receives driving circuit and links to each other with described each infrared receiving tube, each receives the photosignal input end of the output termination electronic switch IC5 of driving circuit, and the photosignal output terminal of electronic switch IC5 links to each other with the A/D translation interface of single-chip microcomputer IC1 behind amplifying circuit and RC filtering circuit; The switch control output end of single-chip microcomputer IC1 connects the control input end of electronic switch IC5.
The method of work of above-mentioned dust investigating may further comprise the steps:
1., the single-chip microcomputer IC1 of central control unit is luminous by one in the coupled infraluminescence pipe of the code translator IC7 control of emission driving circuit; Simultaneously, with the infrared receiving tube of described luminous infraluminescence pipe correspondence position, under the effect of the reception driving circuit of photo-electric signal receiving circuit, receive infrared light, and produce photosignal; Photosignal is sent into electronic switch IC5, and single-chip microcomputer IC1 control electronic switch IC5 makes the photosignal output terminal output of this road photosignal by electronic switch IC5, sends into the A/D translation interface of single-chip microcomputer IC1 behind amplifying circuit and RC filtering circuit; Single-chip microcomputer IC1 carries out analog to digital conversion to described photosignal, and by internal RAM storage analog-digital conversion data;
2., 1. each infraluminescence pipe of infraluminescence Guan Liezhong and the infraluminescence pipe in the comparison passage repeat above-mentioned steps successively, and store corresponding analog-digital conversion data;
3., single-chip microcomputer IC1 will be by the corresponding successively analog-digital conversion data that obtains by each infraluminescence pipe of infraluminescence Guan Liezhong that deducts of the analog-digital conversion data of relatively passage acquisition, the data acquisition that must form by each difference, and by internal RAM or data-carrier store IC4 storage;
4., mode in the same time interval, repeat above-mentioned steps 1., 2. and 3. repeatedly, a plurality of described data acquisitions; Relatively each data acquisition size is rejected wherein several maximum data set and minimum data set respectively; Calculate remaining data set sum value then; When with value during greater than default alarm threshold value, the warning of single-chip microcomputer IC1 control warning circuit.
In the technique scheme, single-chip microcomputer IC1 calculates corresponding dust concentration according to described and value, and shows corresponding dust concentration value by display circuit; Keyboard circuit is used to be provided with the alarm threshold value and repeating step times N 1., 2. and 3. is set.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following good effect: among (1) the present invention, infraluminescence pipe row and infrared receiving tube row are located at the left and right sides of dust passage, air-flow flows at the fore-and-aft direction of dust passage, infrared light during by the dust passage its amplitude intensity will decay, dust concentration is high more, and it is obvious more to decay; Infrared receiving tube receives through the infrared light of decay and produces photosignal, and photosignal is by the central control unit collection; Be provided with simultaneously one with the comparison passage dust channel separation, that be filled with no dust air, to produce the reference photosignal; Central control unit according to described reference with photosignal and come each road photosignal in the dust passage to calculate in the set time each road infrared light decay numerical value sum in (with each collection cycle index as Measuring Time) dust passage, with the dust content in the accurate reaction current environment.So it is simple in structure, detection efficiency is high, measuring error is little.(2) among the present invention, relatively the infraluminescence pipe at passage two ends and infrared receiving tube are on same straight line, and its spacing equals the spacing of infraluminescence pipe row and infrared receiving tube row, and being beneficial to provides real-time, reliable and be convenient to the reference photosignal that central control unit is handled.(3) among the present invention, the front end of infrared receiving tube row is provided with infrared fileter, and all the other end faces of infrared receiving tube row are sealed by light-proof material, to avoid the interference of extraneous other light, are beneficial to the raising accuracy of detection.(4) among the present invention, the front and back ends of dust passage is provided with blow vent, and all the other each end faces are sealed by light-proof material, to avoid the interference of extraneous other light, further improves accuracy of detection.Front end and/or rear end that dust is logical are provided with fan, can guarantee that gases flow is in speed preferably, to reflect the dust content situation of surrounding environment more exactly.(5) among the present invention, single-chip microcomputer IC1 has program storage IC3 and data-carrier store IC4 by latch IC2 expansion, can reduce the class of single-chip microcomputer, saves cost.(6) among the present invention, single-chip microcomputer IC1 is luminous successively by each the infraluminescence pipe of the code translator IC7 control infraluminescence Guan Liezhong in the emission driving circuit, to produce the multichannel infrared light; The pipe number of dust passage both sides is many more, is beneficial to the raising accuracy in detection more.(7) among the present invention, single-chip microcomputer IC1 receives corresponding multichannel photosignal successively by the electronic switch IC5 of electric signal receiving circuit, has realized signal emission one to one and has received.(8) in the method for work of the present invention, repeating step number of times 1., 2. and 3. time is many more, and the described data acquisition number of gained is just many more, is beneficial to reduce the influence of indivedual measuring error to whole testing result.The maximum data set that can reject simultaneously and minimum data set number also can correspondingly increase, and further improve accuracy of detection.The acquisition time of each data acquisition equates at interval, to calculate in each the road photosignal set time in the dust passage each road infrared light decay numerical value sum in (with each collection cycle index as measuring T.T.) dust passage, can calculate what of Dust Capacity in the whole passage.
Description of drawings
For the easier quilt of content of the present invention is clearly understood, below the specific embodiment and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of basis, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of dust investigating of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be dust investigating of the present invention in the synoptic diagram of dust passage;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of dust investigating of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the program flow chart of the single-chip microcomputer in the dust investigating of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 1, the dust investigating of present embodiment has central control unit 1, emission driving circuit 2 photo-electric signal receiving circuits 3, display circuit 4, warning circuit 5 and compares passage 6.
As Fig. 2-3, central control unit 1 comprises single-chip microcomputer IC1, and single-chip microcomputer IC1 has program storage IC3 and data-carrier store IC4 by latch IC2 expansion.The P3.0-3.7 mouth of single-chip microcomputer IC1 connects the D0-D7 mouth of latch IC2, program storage IC3 and data-carrier store IC4 simultaneously; The Q0-Q7 mouth of latch IC2 connects the A0-A7 mouth of program storage IC3 and data-carrier store IC4 simultaneously.The P4.0-4.6 mouth of single-chip microcomputer IC1 connects the A8-A14 mouth of program storage IC3 and data-carrier store IC4 simultaneously.
Emission driving circuit 2 comprises code translator IC7, emission control output terminal HS0.3, the HS0.4 of single-chip microcomputer IC1 is that A, B link to each other with the C end with HS0.5 (being the emission control output terminal of central control unit 1) with the control input end of code translator IC7, and the output terminal of code translator IC7 (Y0-Y7 end) is provided with 8 emission driving circuits.Penetrating driving circuit so that wherein riches all the way is example, and the emission driving circuit comprises reverser IC8, is located at the current-limiting resistance R13 and the triode VT1 of reverser output terminal.+ 5V power supply connects the collector of triode VT1 through resistance R 12, and the emitter of triode VT1 connects the anode of infraluminescence pipe D9, the plus earth of triode VT1.Infraluminescence pipe row are located at the output terminal of emission driving circuit 2 and are promptly respectively launched the driving circuit output terminal.
Photo-electric signal receiving circuit 3 comprises 8 reception driving circuits, electronic switch IC5, amplifying circuit and RC filtering circuit; Each receives in the driving circuit, and+5V power supply connects the negative electrode of infrared receiving tube 8 (being D1-D8), and the anode of infrared receiving tube D1-D8 is connected in series ground connection behind the current-limiting resistance R1-R8 respectively.Each output terminal (being the contact of described each infrared receiving tube and each current-limiting resistance) that receives driving circuit connects the photosignal input end I/O0-I/O7 end (being the input end of photo-electric signal receiving circuit 3) of electronic switch IC5, and to be the O/I end link to each other with the A/D translation interface ACH.4 (being the photosignal input end of central control unit 1) of single-chip microcomputer IC1 behind amplifying circuit and RC filtering circuit the photosignal output terminal of electronic switch IC5; The switch control output end of single-chip microcomputer IC1 (HS0.1, HS0.2 and HS0.3) connects the control input end (A, B, C end) of electronic switch IC5.Described amplifying circuit comprises integrated transporting discharging IC6, be serially connected with electronic switch IC5 O/I end and the resistance R 9 between the IC6 in-phase input end, be located at resistance R 10 between IC6 output terminal and the in-phase input end, be located at the resistance R 11 between IC6 inverting input and the ground wire.In the RC filtering circuit, resistance R 30 is serially connected with between the ACH.4 mouth of IC6 output terminal and single-chip microcomputer IC1, capacitor C 2 one end ground connection, and the other end connects the ACH.4 mouth of single-chip microcomputer IC1.
Display circuit 4 is 4 charactron display circuits through string and conversion chip IC9~IC12 (model is 74LS164) expansion, and the serial ports RXD of single-chip microcomputer IC1 and TXD are the shows signal output terminal of central control unit 1.
In the warning circuit 5, the P2.5 mouth of single-chip microcomputer IC1 (being the alarm signal output ends of central control unit 1) connects the input end of reverser IC16, connect the base stage of triode VT3 behind the output terminal serial connection current-limiting resistance R28 of reverser IC16, the grounded emitter of VT3 ,+5V power series connect the collector that meets VT3 behind the hummer B1.
Be filled with no dust air in the comparison passage 6 of sealing, comparison two ends, passage 6 left and right sides are provided with the infrared receiving tube 8 that the infraluminescence pipe 7 that links to each other with the output terminal of launching driving circuit 2 links to each other with input end with photo-electric signal receiving circuit 3 relatively.Relatively the infraluminescence pipe and the infrared receiving tube at passage 6 two ends are arranged on the same straight line, and its spacing equals the spacing of infraluminescence pipe row and infrared receiving tube row.
The infraluminescence pipe is listed as by 7 infraluminescence pipes by line spread 7, and infrared receiving tube be listed as by 7 infrared receiving tubes and press line spread.Infraluminescence pipe row and infrared receiving tube are listed as the parallel dust path 10 left and right sides that is relatively arranged on, and each infraluminescence pipe and each infrared receiving tube are oppositely arranged one by one; Infraluminescence pipe row are vertical with respect to airflow direction in the dust path 10 with plane, infrared receiving tube row place.
The front end of infrared receiving tube row is provided with infrared fileter, and all the other end faces of infrared receiving tube row are sealed by light-proof material.
The front and back ends of dust path 10 is provided with blow vent, and all the other each end faces are sealed by light-proof material; The front-end and back-end (among other embodiment, can be front end or rear end) that dust is logical are provided with the fan 9 that is used to form air-flow, and fan 9 invariablenes turning speeds.
The serial port RXD of single-chip microcomputer IC1 and TXD (parameter that is central control unit 1 is provided with input end) expansion has 16 nonencoded keyboard circuit, described keyboard circuit to comprise that model is string and the conversion chip of 74LS164.
Referring to Fig. 4, the method for work of above-mentioned dust investigating may further comprise the steps:
1., the single-chip microcomputer IC1 of central control unit 1 is luminous by one in the coupled infraluminescence pipe of the code translator IC7 control of emission driving circuit 2; Simultaneously, with the infrared receiving tube of described luminous infraluminescence pipe correspondence position, under the effect of the reception driving circuit of photo-electric signal receiving circuit 3, receive infrared light, and produce photosignal; Photosignal is sent into electronic switch IC5, and single-chip microcomputer IC1 control electronic switch IC5 makes the photosignal output terminal output of this road photosignal by electronic switch IC5, sends into the A/D translation interface of single-chip microcomputer IC1 behind amplifying circuit and RC filtering circuit; Single-chip microcomputer IC1 carries out analog to digital conversion to described photosignal, and by internal RAM storage analog-digital conversion data.
2., 1. each infraluminescence pipe of infraluminescence Guan Liezhong and the infraluminescence pipe in the comparison passage 6 repeat above-mentioned steps successively, and store corresponding analog-digital conversion data.
3., single-chip microcomputer IC1 will be by the corresponding successively analog-digital conversion data that obtains by each infraluminescence pipe of infraluminescence Guan Liezhong that deducts of the analog-digital conversion data of relatively passage 6 acquisitions, the data acquisition that must form by each difference, and be data-carrier store IC4 storage by external RAM; (in the present embodiment, infraluminescence pipe row have 7 infraluminescence pipes, are 7 so the acquisition channel that is provided with is counted M).
4., mode in the same time interval, repeat above-mentioned steps 1., 2. and 3. 1000 times, 1000 described data acquisitions; Each data acquisition size is relatively rejected wherein 25 maximum data set and minimum data respectively and is gathered; Calculate remaining data set sum value then; When with value during greater than default alarm threshold value, 5 warnings of single-chip microcomputer IC1 control warning circuit.
Single-chip microcomputer IC1 calculates corresponding dust concentration according to described and value, and shows corresponding dust concentration value by display circuit 4; Keyboard circuit is used to be provided with the alarm threshold value and repeating step times N 1., 2. and 3., i.e. the data acquisition times N of data acquisition (present embodiment is 1000 times, in other embodiments can be more) is set.