CN100509077C - Superconductive magnet system for intercurrent treatment three-dimensional position - Google Patents
Superconductive magnet system for intercurrent treatment three-dimensional position Download PDFInfo
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- CN100509077C CN100509077C CNB2004100095281A CN200410009528A CN100509077C CN 100509077 C CN100509077 C CN 100509077C CN B2004100095281 A CNB2004100095281 A CN B2004100095281A CN 200410009528 A CN200410009528 A CN 200410009528A CN 100509077 C CN100509077 C CN 100509077C
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Abstract
A super-conducting magnetic system for the 3D location in insert therapy is composed of a high-temp super-conducting magnet unit consisting of three pairs of superconducting solenoid coils divided into internal and external layers, a G-M refrigerating unit, a low-temp cylinder, a superconductor-loss protector and a program controlled power supply. The whole magnet unit forms a symmetrical open space. The magnetic system is running in a low-temp system protected by solidified nitrogen.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of superconducting magnet, particularly be used for the stereotactic superconducting magnet system of neurosurgery interventional therapy.
Background technology
In the interventional therapy of routine, conduit is inserted in tremulous pulse or the vein by human epidermal, the motion of conduit is to apply power by the rear end at conduit to realize, therefore conduit must be made by very hard material, to guarantee that conduit can not bend in propulsive process, but because conduit is harder, if institute through the path complexity conduit destination unreachable often then comparatively.Therefore in the significant points (as heart, brain) of some human body, conventional insertion type therapy has been full of challenge and complexity, because its operation is difficult to control, usually needs skilled expert to spend the time of several hrs.Therefore the operability that improves interventional therapy is that can interventional therapy obtain important preceding topic and the assurance that wider model is used with improving positioning accuracy.
Non-invasive stereotactic radiotherapy is the leading technology of present world medical circle treatment tumor, have good effect, accurately, safety, no wound, the patient suffering is reduced to the characteristics of minimum degree.The degree of accuracy of stereotactic radiotherapy is very high.The slight jitter range of artificial operation just can reach the 3-4 millimeter, is higher than more than 10 times of stereo directional radiative error; Common radiotherapy is treated tumor by single plane, and when dose radiation reached the tumor lethal dose, the major injury that is bound to surrounded the normal structure of tumor; Stereo directional radiative is all lonizing radiation to be concentrated on carry out accurate treatment on the tumor tissues, and is extremely small to the damage of normal structure.In addition, stereotactic radiotherapy can be avoided implantation metastasis and blood transfer.Artificial operation is difficult to guarantee that tumor tissue cell does not come off fully in tumor cutting and taking-up process, easily tumor planting on normal structure and form new tumor.Medically common implantation metastasis that Here it is; Tumor tissue cell also might pass through blood transfer in operation in addition.Stereotactic radiotherapy then can be avoided such transfer, infection and the complication avoiding simultaneously performing the operation and cause, and because of operating on misery and the risk of bringing to the patient.The magnetic surgical system has adapted to above-mentioned needs appearance just.So-called magnetic surgical system refers under the effect of computer-controlled three-dimensional magnetic field, under the guiding of stereotactic system, imaging system, the feasible little ferromagnetic pearl path movement according to the rules of implant into body in advance, the method that directly acts on the affected part or guide various operation devices (as insertion type conduit, radioactive substance etc.) in human body, to carry out the operation of all kinds of complexity.Compare with traditional operation method, the lot of advantages that it has as: wound is little, patient is painful less, the precision height has no side effect, performs the operation, because it can some significant points carry out very accurate surgical operation in human body, can also carry out the operation that many routine operations can't be finished.
Being used for the operating magnetic field of magnetic is at present provided by superconducting magnet.In order to obtain higher location, implementation space, magnetic field and to import conduit, prior art adopts the symmetrical expression magnet structure of six solenoid coils to produce magnetic field, wherein per two coils are a pair of, along the parallel placement of direction of an axis of plane right-angle coordinate, such six coils are divided into three groups of three coordinate axess along coordinate system and are symmetrically distributed respectively.Coil adopts low-temperature superconducting line NbTi/Cu.For the moving direction of the motion of controlling conduit and control conduit, the electric current by superconducting coil is to change apace in time.Low-temperature superconducting line NbTi/Cu has low critical temperature and critical magnetic field, so electric current changes the quench that the A.C.power loss that causes will cause superconducting coil, and this is quite disadvantageous for operating execution.Moreover adopt the superconducting magnet of low temperature superconducting material NbTi, whole magnet coil need work in the liquid helium warm area, needs complicated refrigeration system, and often additional liquid helium when move in system.Generally be that superconducting magnet is immersed in the cryogenic liquid.Just because of having used cryogenic liquid to cool off superconducting magnet system, make complex structure, the operating cost height of superconducting magnet, system's operation is extremely difficult.It is very disadvantageous using such system's operation and operation.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome existing surgical operation superconducting magnet system complex structure, operating cost height; the unhandy shortcoming of system; the present invention proposes a kind of new surgical operation superconducting magnet system, and it adopts high-temperature superconducting magnet, and magnet system operates in the cryogenic system of solid nitrogen protection.The present invention not only uses and more convenient operation, and system's operation is more stable, has greatly reduced the probability of magnet quenching; Simultaneously, the present invention adopts new loop construction that system is become simply, and makes available space that bigger increase be arranged; Adopt refrigeration machine conduction cooling and outer reinforced nitrogen protection system to make cold operation reliable.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: superconducting magnet system of the present invention is made of high-temperature superconducting magnet, G-M refrigeration machine, cooled cryostat, quench protection device, programmable power supply.High-temperature superconducting magnet is made up of three pairs of superconducting solenoid coils, each is made of inside and outside two-layer primary and secondary level superconducting coil superconducting solenoid coil, the overlapping placement of two-layer coil, the outer coil circle of serving as theme wherein, inner coil is a secondary coil, each is placed along an axis direction of rectangular coordinate system coil, and the axis of three pairs of coils is orthogonal, and whole magnet forms the open space of asymmetric.
The space of the present invention around magnet is full of solid nitrogen, solid nitrogen wraps whole magnet pack, solid nitrogen links to each other with the secondary cold head of G-M refrigeration machine with superconducting coil, cool off by the secondary cold head, skin in solid nitrogen is a multilayer insulant, protective shield of radiation is positioned at the outside of multilayer insulant, and multilayer insulant is wrapped up, and plays to reduce the effect that heat is leaked in radiation.Wherein the multilamellar protective shield of radiation links to each other with the one-level cold head of refrigeration machine, and the quench protection device is installed on the protective shield of radiation.Be filled with liquid nitrogen between protective shield of radiation and cooled cryostat, cooled cryostat is positioned at the outermost layer of whole magnet, is open spherical structure, and whole magnet coil, solid nitrogen, insulation material layer and protective shield of radiation, liquid nitrogen are surrounded; High-temperature superconductive lead wire place the multilamellar protective shield of radiation and the superconducting coil formed by primary and secondary level coil between.Whole cooled cryostat top have three with three pairs of observation ports that the superconducting solenoid coil centre bore is corresponding, the bottom is open open hemispherical dome structure, the operation of being convenient to perform the operation, what can alleviate simultaneously patient deep and remotely covers sense., because magnetic surgical system electric current when operate as normal need often be adjusted, it is higher that the electric current in the coil changes rule in some cases.Because the characteristic of superconductor, superconducting line will quench when current changing rate surpasses certain value, if same coil is divided into inside and outside two-layer, just a bigger electric current can be changed and resolve into two parts, wherein the electric current of main coil operation is bigger, but it is less to change amplitude, and the running current of secondary coil is less, amplitude of variation is bigger, can either satisfy the requirement of system's operation like this, can reduce the probability of superconducting line quench again greatly.Of the present invention each coil is used for producing magnetic-field component along a direction, electric current in this a pair of coil of change can change the size and Orientation in magnetic field that this coil produces separately, because the working region is a linear medium, magnetic field meets superposition law, therefore change the electric current in the coil that three pairs of quadratures place, by just can in the space, produce the magnetic field of any size and Orientation along the mutual superposition in three direction magnetic fields.
Six coils of magnet of the present invention link to each other with six independent programmable power supplys respectively, the size and Orientation of programmable power supply output current can be according to the programme-control that weaves in advance, pass through size of current, the variation of direction comes the variation of controlling magnetic field, operative region is arranged in above-mentioned three groups of open areas that coil surrounded, the electromagnetic force of utilizing the interaction in the little magnetic bead of implant into body and magnetic field to produce is controlled the motion of miniature permanent magnets, because miniature permanent magnets is connected in the front end of intervene operation conduit, motion by miniature permanent magnets can guide intervene operation conduit (as arteriae cerebri blood vessel) in patient's body to arrive and need carry out topical remedy's injection or radiotherapy etc. again behind the affected part of treatment along pre-set path movement.
Development along with Refrigeration Technique and superconductor technology, it is simple because of its structure and cryogenic system to conduct refrigerative superconducting magnet, and system features in convenient need not the cryogenic liquid cooling, be not subjected to the restriction of liquid helium or other cryogenic conditions, whole superconducting magnet system has compact conformation and light-weighted characteristics.The core of conducting refrigerative superconducting magnet system is to adopt the direct refrigerative superconducting magnet of refrigeration machine, has broken superconducting magnet and must use the refrigerative traditional cooling means of cryogenic liquid.Along with the development of hts tape technology, though Bi frenulum material in the temperature range of 20-30K under higher magnetic field its electric current density still can reach J
c=10
4-10
5A/cm
2Has the meaning of outbalance with the direct refrigerative high-temperature superconducting magnet of refrigeration machine in this case.Near the refrigeration machine mature technique high-temperature superconducting magnet that the 20K warm area moves can make full use of the 20K warm area, can make full use of simultaneously high thermal conductance, the thermal capacitance of the current capacity and the superconducting tape of high-temperature superconductor again, so high-temperature superconducting magnet has advantages of higher stability.Simultaneously because high temperature superconducting materia has higher critical temperature,, can under fast-changing current condition, move and quench can not take place so can bear higher temperature fluctuation based on the magnet system of hts tape.Adopt multifibres Bi2223 superconducting wire to build superconducting coil among the present invention, make superconducting coil operate in the temperature of 20K, in order to keep the running temperature of superconducting coil, adopt two-stage GM refrigeration machine that the low temperature cold is provided, the radiation shield of one-level refrigeration head cooling low-temperature (low temperature) vessel, the secondary cold head cooling superconducting coil that is connected with superconducting coil.In order to reduce the bigger problem of leakage heat that the copper current lead-in wire is brought, the present invention adopts high-temperature superconductive lead wire, places between protective shield of radiation and the superconducting magnet, can reduce the leakage heat of system to the superconducting magnet power supply again greatly, has improved the stability of system.The present invention also adopts implementation is flexible coupling between the G-cold head of M refrigeration machine and the cryogenic system of superconducting coil mode to reduce the influence of system's vibrations.Superconducting coil uses the solid nitrogen resist technology with working time of reducing refrigeration machine and reduce cooling system in the influence of intra-operative to stereotactic system.
The present invention can simplify the stable operation of the structure and the system of realization of the magnet system that surgical operation uses, and also can greatly reduce systematic running cost usefulness simultaneously, system's operation and operation, installs more convenient reliably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is the left view of superconducting magnet system of the present invention; 1b is the front view of superconducting magnet system of the present invention; Among the figure: 11 for the simple signal of the open area that magnet surrounded.
Fig. 2 a, 2b, 2c are that superconducting magnet system of the present invention is respectively along hatching A-A, B-B, the profile that C-C did; Among the figure: 1 one-level cold head, 2 secondary cold heads, 3 multilayer insulants, 4 solid nitrogen, 5 liquid nitrogens, 6 secondary coils, 7 main coils, 8 cooled cryostats, 9G-M refrigeration machine, 10 protective shield of radiations.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of superconducting coil of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is three-dimensional operation principle schematic; Among the figure: 11 virtual magnetic flux line, 12 superconducting coils (comprising main coil 7 and secondary coil 6), 13 patient's heads, 14 brain thrombosis, 15 blood vessels, 16 miniature permanent magnets.
Fig. 5 is the simple relative position sketch map of high temperature current feed and quench protection installation site; Among the figure: 17 quench protection devices, 18 programmable power supplys, 19 copper currents lead-in wire, 20 high-temperature superconductive lead wires.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 a, 1b are respectively the left view and the front view of superconducting magnet system outward appearance of the present invention, and 11 are the sketch map of the open area that this magnet system surrounded among the figure b, just carry out the zone of cerebral surgery operation.
Fig. 2 a, 2b, 2c be the specific embodiment of the invention respectively along hatching A-A, B-B, the profile of C-C.As shown in the figure, the structure of superconducting magnet system of the present invention is followed successively by superconducting coil 6,7, solid nitrogen 4, multilayer insulant 3, multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10, liquid nitrogen 5, cooled cryostat 8 from inside to outside.G-M refrigeration machine 9.Be full of superconducting coil 6; 7 spatial solid nitrogen 4; wrap up magnet is whole; solid nitrogen 4 and superconducting coil 6; 7 link to each other with the secondary cold head 2 of G-M refrigeration machine; skin in solid nitrogen 4 is followed successively by multilayer insulant 3 and multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10 from inside to outside; wherein multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10 links to each other with the one-level cold head 1 of refrigeration machine 9; quench protection device 17 is installed on the multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10; high-temperature superconductive lead wire 20 places between multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10 and the superconducting coil 12; be superconducting coil 12 power supplies; between multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10 and cooled cryostat 8, be full of liquid nitrogen; can further improve the stability of superconducting magnet system; cooled cryostat 8 is positioned at the outermost layer of whole magnet; Dewar top have three with three pairs of holes that the superconducting solenoid coil centre bore is corresponding; lower openings; be open hemispherical dome structure, whole magnet system is surrounded, for it provides cooler environment.
The present invention produces low temperature environment by refrigeration machine 9; one-level cold head 1 produces the heat radiation screen of refrigerating capacity cooling cooled cryostat 8 containers; secondary cold head 2 cooling superconducting coils 6,7; multilayer heat insulation 3 prevents that hot-fluid is from the room temperature environment to the low temperature environment; solid nitrogen 4 is used to guarantee to make it by superconducting coil, and system can quench when electric current changes; liquid nitrogen 5 is used to protect the temperature of radiation shield can not raise, thereby whole cryogenic system guarantees that the desired running temperature of superconducting coil is 20K.
The present invention is made up of three pairs of superconducting coils, every pair of coil is made up of interior loop 6 and exterior loop 7 again, their axis is orthogonal in the space, therefore produce the three-dimensional magnetic field in the space, the size and Orientation in magnetic field changes with the electric current in the coil, electric current in each coil is by independent power supply power supply, output current according to the programmable power supply that weaves in advance, thereby change the direction and the size in magnetic field, realize the interaction of magnetic field and guiding permanent magnets, finally realize the operation of magnetic surgery insertion type.
The superconducting coil that the present invention is all and all be placed in the Dewar 8 by the supporting construction that coil rack, cylinder lever connecting rod are formed makes extraneous heat can not flow into the inside of cryogenic system.The top of low-temperature (low temperature) vessel is hemispherical.The open space of bottom is the operating area of operation.Because the interaction of electromagnetic force, in order to keep the stable operation of superconducting coil, all superconducting coils adopt the skeleton of high purity copper support can not be moved with the mutual alignment that guarantees coil, by the heat stability of solid nitrogen 8 raising superconducting magnets 12, reduce the possibility of magnet quenching to greatest extent.
Fig. 3 is that specific embodiment of the invention superconducting coil adopts the Bi2223 superconducting line, and the structure of coil is the tubular structure of spiral shell, and it is made up of interior loop 6 and exterior loop 7.
Fig. 4 is the operation principle sketch map of this device.Three pairs of superconducting coils of being made up of the two-layer magnetic plug 6,7 of primary and secondary 12 produce the external magnetic field that the miniature permanent magnets 16 of guiding is provided, and six groups of programmable power supplys 18 that link to each other with six coils of magnet are the magnet power supply respectively.In the operating process of cerebral surgery operation, earlier patient's head 13 is positioned in the open space 11 that magnet surrounds, open an aperture at patient's head, put into miniature permanent magnets 16, needs according to operation can also adhere to interposing catheter in miniature permanent magnets 16 back, and outside magnetic field control is directed to the affected part with miniature permanent magnet 16 by blood vessel 15 down, by extraneous radio frequency electromagnetic field heating permanent magnet 16, can eliminate arterial tumor or other hyperplastic tissue; In addition, also can get through thrombosis 14, recover the normal function of blood vessel by the method for miniature permanent magnet 16 dithers.Interposing catheter that in addition can be by miniature permanent magnets 16 back acts locally on chemistry or radiotherapy medicine near the malignant tumor, with the action effect that strengthens medicine with reduce damage to normal structure or the like.After treating that operation is finished, controlling magnetic field withdraws from permanent magnet 16 and interposing catheter along original path, thereby realizes treatment and diagnosis.
Fig. 5 is the rough schematic of this superconducting magnet system high-temperature superconductive lead wire and quench protection installation site; quench protection device 17 is installed on the inner surface of multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10; high-temperature superconductive lead wire 20 is between multilamellar protective shield of radiation 10 and superconducting coil 12; be superconducting coil 12 power supplies; adopt high-temperature superconductive lead wire can reduce the leakage heat of system greatly; improve the stability of superconducting magnet system; high-temperature superconductive lead wire links to each other with copper current lead-in wire 19 on protective shield of radiation 10, and the other end of copper current lead-in wire 19 is connected with programmable power supply 18.This figure only can simple table illustrates the relative position of above-mentioned parts.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of stereotactic superconducting magnet system of interventional therapy that is used for comprises magnet coil [6,7], cooled cryostat [8], refrigeration machine [9], quench protection device [17], programmable power supply [18], protective shield of radiation [10]; Magnet coil [6,7] space on every side is full of solid nitrogen [4], and solid nitrogen [4] is wrapped up magnet coil [6,7]; Skin in solid nitrogen [4] is followed successively by multilayer insulant [3] and multilamellar protective shield of radiation [10] from inside to outside, outside protective shield of radiation [10] and insulation material layer [3], liquid nitrogen [5] is arranged, cooled cryostat [8] is positioned at the outermost layer of whole magnet, magnet coil [6,7], solid nitrogen [4], protective shield of radiation [10] and insulation material layer [3], liquid nitrogen [5] are surrounded, it is characterized in that magnet is the high-temperature superconducting magnet of being made up of three pairs of superconducting solenoid coils, every pair of coil is placed along an axis direction of rectangular coordinate system; Every pair of superconducting coil constitutes the overlapping placement of two-layer superconducting coil by mutual co-axial inside and outside two-layer primary and secondary level superconducting coil [6,7]; Six superconducting coils are connected with six independent programmable power supplys respectively; Quench protection device [17] is installed on the multilamellar protective shield of radiation [10], high-temperature superconductive lead wire [20] place multilamellar protective shield of radiation [10] and the superconducting coil [12] formed by primary and secondary level coil [6,7] between.
2, according to the three-dimensional location of the described interventional therapy of claim 1 superconducting magnet system, it is characterized in that cooled cryostat [8] is open spherical structure, Dewar top have three with three pairs of holes that the superconducting solenoid coil centre bore is corresponding, the opening that the Dewar bottom also has a patients head to enter.
3, according to claim 1 or the three-dimensional location of 2 described interventional therapys superconducting magnet system, it is characterized in that superconducting solenoid coil [6,7] adopts the coiling of Bi2223 superconducting line.
4, locate superconducting magnet system according to any one described interventional therapy solid that is used for of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that magnet adopts G-M or pulse tube refrigerating machine cooling, solid nitrogen [4] links to each other with the secondary cold head [2] of G-M refrigeration machine [9] with superconducting coil [12], and multilamellar protective shield of radiation [10] links to each other with the one-level cold head [1] of refrigeration machine [9].
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100495597C (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2009-06-03 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Conductive cooling superconducting magnet system in use for gyrotron |
| CN101819845B (en) | 2010-04-16 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Superconducting magnet system for high power microwave source focusing and cyclotron electronic device |
| CN112038033B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2022-05-31 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | 2T conduction cooling superconducting magnet for magnetic resonance imaging |
| CN117269865A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2023-12-22 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | High-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure |
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| US5349291A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1994-09-20 | Fujitsu Limited | Superconducting magnetic sensor having a cryostat for improved sensitivity of magnetic detection |
| US5724820A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1998-03-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Permanent magnet system based on high-temperature superconductors with recooling and recharging capabilities |
| US6014580A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 2000-01-11 | Stereotaxis, Inc. | Device and method for specifying magnetic field for surgical applications |
| JP2003303713A (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Cryogenic device |
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2004
- 2004-09-09 CN CNB2004100095281A patent/CN100509077C/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5349291A (en) * | 1992-06-23 | 1994-09-20 | Fujitsu Limited | Superconducting magnetic sensor having a cryostat for improved sensitivity of magnetic detection |
| US5724820A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1998-03-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Permanent magnet system based on high-temperature superconductors with recooling and recharging capabilities |
| US6014580A (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 2000-01-11 | Stereotaxis, Inc. | Device and method for specifying magnetic field for surgical applications |
| JP2003303713A (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Cryogenic device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 传导冷却超导磁体系统的技术发展与应用. 雷沅忠，王秋良.低温与超导，第31卷第1期. 2003 * |
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