CA2562137A1 - Data insertion apparatus and methods for use with compressed audio/video data - Google Patents

Data insertion apparatus and methods for use with compressed audio/video data Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2562137A1
CA2562137A1 CA002562137A CA2562137A CA2562137A1 CA 2562137 A1 CA2562137 A1 CA 2562137A1 CA 002562137 A CA002562137 A CA 002562137A CA 2562137 A CA2562137 A CA 2562137A CA 2562137 A1 CA2562137 A1 CA 2562137A1
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data
frames
information
compressed
media streams
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CA002562137A
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French (fr)
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CA2562137C (en
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Arun Ramaswamy
Venugopal Srinivasan
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Nielsen Co US LLC
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    • H04N19/48—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using compressed domain processing techniques other than decoding, e.g. modification of transform coefficients, variable length coding [VLC] data or run-length data
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    • H04N21/4408—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream encryption, e.g. re-encrypting a decrypted video stream for redistribution in a home network
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    • H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
    • H04N21/44204—Monitoring of content usage, e.g. the number of times a movie has been viewed, copied or the amount which has been watched
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    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
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    • H04N21/835—Generation of protective data, e.g. certificates
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    • H04N21/8586—Linking data to content, e.g. by linking an URL to a video object, by creating a hotspot by using a URL

Abstract

Methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture for performing data insertion in compressed audio/video data streams are disclosed. A disclosed method receives a digital data stream containing a plurality of compressed media streams associated with a plurality of different media programs and generates information to be inserted in at least one of the compressed media streams.
The disclosed method identifies frames of compressed data associated with the at least one of the compressed media streams and inserts the information in at least some of the identified frames of compressed data without performing a decompression operation on the compressed data and by changing locations or values of data bits within the at least some of the identified frames.

Claims (41)

1. A method of inserting information in a digital data stream, comprising:
receiving a digital data stream containing a plurality of compressed media streams associated with a plurality of different media programs;
generating information to be inserted in at least one of the compressed media streams;
identifying frames of compressed data associated with the at least one of the compressed media streams; and inserting the information in at least some of the identified frames of compressed data without performing a decompression operation on the compressed data and by changing locations or values of data bits within the at least some of the identified frames, wherein the data bits are representative of the at least one of the compressed media streams.
2. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein inserting the information in the at least some of the identified frames of compressed data by changing the locations of the data bits within the at least some of the identified frames comprises rearranging skip bytes.
3. A method as defined in claim 2, wherein rearranging the skip bytes comprises shifting the skip bytes to enlarge an auxiliary data field within at least one of the frames.
4. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
demultiplexing the digital data stream into the plurality of compressed media streams;
extracting program information associated with the plurality of programs from the plurality of compressed media streams;
modifying the program information; and multiplexing the plurality of compressed media streams with the modified program information to regenerate a modified version of the digital data stream.
5. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein inserting the information in at least some of the identified frames comprises inserting watermark information.
6. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein inserting the information in at least some of the identified frames by changing the values of data bits within the at least some of the identified frames comprises changing transform coefficient values.
7. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein inserting information in at least some of the identified frames by changing the values of the data bits within the at least some of the identified frames comprises sending audio payload data to a watermarking operation.
8. A method as defined in claim 7, wherein the watermarking operation comprises buffering non-audio payload data with placeholders for the audio payload data, watermarking the audio payload data, and populating the watermarked audio payload data in the frames using the placeholders.
9. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein generating the information to be inserted comprises generating at least one of audience measurement information, metadata, or interactive data.
10. A system for inserting information in a digital data stream, comprising:
a processor coupled to a memory and programmed to:
receive a digital data stream containing a plurality of compressed media streams associated with a plurality of different media programs;
generate information to be inserted in at least one of the compressed media streams;
identify frames of compressed data associated with the at least one of the compressed media streams; and insert the information in at least some of the identified frames of compressed data without performing a decompression operation on the compressed data and by changing locations or values of data bits within the at least some of the identified frames, wherein the data bits are representative of the at least one of the compressed media streams.
11. A system as defined in claim 10, wherein the processor is programmed to change the locations of the data bits within the at least some of the identified frames by rearranging skip bytes.
12. A system as defined in claim 11, wherein the processor is programmed to rearrange the skip bytes by shifting the skip bytes to enlarge an auxiliary data field within at least one of the frames.
13. A system as defined in claim 10, wherein the processor is programmed to:
demultiplex the digital data stream into the plurality of compressed media streams;
extract program information associated with the plurality of programs from the plurality of compressed media streams;
modify the program information; and multiplex the plurality of compressed media streams with the modified program information to regenerate a modified version of the digital data stream.
14. A system as defined in claim 10, wherein the processor is programmed to insert the information in at least some of the identified frames by inserting watermark information.
15. A system as defined in claim 10, wherein the processor is programmed to change the values of data bits within the at least some of the identified frames by changing transform coefficient values.
16. A system as defined in claim 10, wherein the processor is programmed to change the values of the data bits within the at least some of the identified frames by sending audio payload data to a watermarking operation.
17. A system as defined in claim 16, wherein the watermarking operation comprises buffering non-audio payload data with placeholders for the audio payload data, watermarking the audio payload data, and populating the watermarked audio payload data in the frames using the placeholders.
18. A system as defined in claim 10, wherein the processor is programmed to generate the information to be inserted by generating at least one of audience measurement information, metadata, or interactive data.
19. A machine readable medium having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine to:
receive a digital data stream containing a plurality of compressed media streams associated with a plurality of different media programs;
generate information to be inserted in at least one of the compressed media streams;
identify frames of compressed data associated with the at least one of the compressed media streams; and insert the information in at least some of the identified frames of compressed data without performing a decompression operation on the compressed data and by changing locations or values of data bits within the at least some of the identified frames, wherein the data bits are representative of the at least one of the compressed media streams.
20. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 19 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine to change the locations of the data bits within the at least some of the identified frames by rearranging skip bytes.
21. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 20 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine to rearrange the skip bytes by shifting the skip bytes to enlarge an auxiliary data field within at least one of the frames.
22. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 19 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine to:
demultiplex the digital data stream into the plurality of compressed media streams;
extract program information associated with the plurality of programs from the plurality of compressed media streams;
modify the program information; and multiplex the plurality of compressed media streams with the modified program information to regenerate a modified version of the digital data stream.
23. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 19 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine to insert the information in at least some of the identified frames by inserting watermark information.
24. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 19 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine to change the values of data bits within the at least some of the identified frames by changing transform coefficient values.
25. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 19 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine change the values of the data bits within the at least some of the identified frames by sending audio payload data to a watermarking operation.
26. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 25, wherein the watermarking operation comprises buffering non-audio payload data with placeholders for the audio payload data, watermarking the audio payload data, and populating the watermarked audio payload data in the frames using the placeholders.
27. A machine readable medium as defined in claim 19 having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause the machine to generate the information to be inserted by generating at least one of audience measurement information, metadata, or interactive data.
28. An apparatus for inserting information in a digital data stream, comprising:
an encoder configured to provide an first compressed media stream;
a multiplexes coupled to the encoder and configured to multiplex the first compressed media stream with at least one other compressed data stream to form a multiplexed data stream;
a data inserter coupled to the multiplexes and configured to insert the information in frames of compressed data without performing a decompression operation on the compressed data and by changing locations or values of data bits within the at least some of the frames.
29. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the encoder is an MPEG encoder.
30. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the at least one other compressed data stream contains program and system information protocol data.
31. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the multiplexes is serially interposed between the encoder and the data inserter.
32. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the digital data stream contains a plurality of video programs.
33. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the frames of compressed data are compressed audio frames.
34. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the data inserter is configured to change the locations of the data bits within the frames by rearranging skip bytes.
35. A system as defined in claim 34, wherein the data inserter is configured to rearrange the skip bytes by shifting the skip bytes to enlarge an auxiliary data field within at least one of the frames.
36. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the data inserter is configured to:
demultiplex the digital data stream into a plurality of compressed media streams;
extract program information associated with the plurality of programs from the plurality of compressed media streams;
modify the program information; and multiplex the plurality of compressed media streams with the modified program information to regenerate a modified version of the digital data stream.
37. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the data inserter is configured to insert the information in the frames by inserting watermark information.
38. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the data inserter is configured to change the values of data bits within the frames by changing transform coefficient values.
39. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the data inserter is configured to change the values of the data bits within the frames by sending audio payload data to a watermarking operation.
40. A system as defined in claim 39, wherein the watermarking operation comprises buffering non-audio payload data with placeholders for the audio payload data, watermarking the audio payload data, and populating the watermarked audio payload data in the frames using the placeholders.
41. A system as defined in claim 28, wherein the inserted information comprises at least one of audience measurement information, metadata, or interactive data.
CA2562137A 2004-04-07 2005-04-07 Data insertion apparatus and methods for use with compressed audio/video data Active CA2562137C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US56015004P 2004-04-07 2004-04-07
US60/560,150 2004-04-07
PCT/US2005/011630 WO2005099385A2 (en) 2004-04-07 2005-04-07 Data insertion apparatus and methods for use with compressed audio/video data

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CA2562137C CA2562137C (en) 2012-11-27

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