CA2424059A1 - Body fluid flow control method and device - Google Patents

Body fluid flow control method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2424059A1
CA2424059A1 CA002424059A CA2424059A CA2424059A1 CA 2424059 A1 CA2424059 A1 CA 2424059A1 CA 002424059 A CA002424059 A CA 002424059A CA 2424059 A CA2424059 A CA 2424059A CA 2424059 A1 CA2424059 A1 CA 2424059A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
implantable apparatus
fluid flow
constricting
housing
canal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002424059A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2424059C (en
Inventor
Peter H. Sayet
Lloyd A. Sutherland
Victor Politano
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Precision Medical Devices Inc
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of CA2424059A1 publication Critical patent/CA2424059A1/en
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Publication of CA2424059C publication Critical patent/CA2424059C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/0004—Closure means for urethra or rectum, i.e. anti-incontinence devices or support slings against pelvic prolapse
    • A61F2/0031—Closure means for urethra or rectum, i.e. anti-incontinence devices or support slings against pelvic prolapse for constricting the lumen; Support slings for the urethra
    • A61F2/0036—Closure means for urethra or rectum, i.e. anti-incontinence devices or support slings against pelvic prolapse for constricting the lumen; Support slings for the urethra implantable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/0004—Closure means for urethra or rectum, i.e. anti-incontinence devices or support slings against pelvic prolapse
    • A61F2/0031—Closure means for urethra or rectum, i.e. anti-incontinence devices or support slings against pelvic prolapse for constricting the lumen; Support slings for the urethra
    • A61F2/0036—Closure means for urethra or rectum, i.e. anti-incontinence devices or support slings against pelvic prolapse for constricting the lumen; Support slings for the urethra implantable
    • A61F2/004—Closure means for urethra or rectum, i.e. anti-incontinence devices or support slings against pelvic prolapse for constricting the lumen; Support slings for the urethra implantable inflatable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0001—Means for transferring electromagnetic energy to implants

Abstract

An implantable apparatus and a method for controlling fluid flow within a ho st body. A constricting member (112) is provided for reducing fluid flow within a body canal (V) when in a closed position, and for allowing fluid flow when i n an open position. In addition, there is a control mechanism for controlling movement of the constricting member (112) between the open and closed positions.

Claims (66)

1. An implantable apparatus for controlling fluid flow within a host body comprising:
a constricting member for allowing fluid flow within a body canal when in an open position and for reducing fluid flow within a body canal when in a closed position;
an actuating member for operating the constricting member between said open and closed positions; and control means for operating said actuating member.
2. The implantable apparatus of claim 1, wherein said constricting member comprises a first engaging element and a second engaging element for coupling to the first engaging element to encircle said body canal.
3. The implantable apparatus of claim 2, wherein at least one of the first engaging element and the second engaging elements has apertures to allow tissue growth therethrough from and to the surface of the body canal.
4. The implantable apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a locking member for locking the first engaging element and second engaging element into a locked position.
5. The implantable apparatus of claim 1, wherein said constricting member comprises a plunging member moveable such that the plunging member may apply pressure against said body canal to compress said body canal into said closed position.
6. The implantable apparatus of claim 5, comprising a biasing member for biasing the plunging member against the body canal, a pulling member for countering the force exerted by the biasing member such that when actuated by said actuating member, the plunging member is forced away from the closed position so as to allow increased fluid flow within the body canal, and an activating member for activating the pulling member.
7. The implantable apparatus of claim 6, wherein said biasing member comprises at least one spring situated between said plunging member and the second engaging element such that said plunging member will normally apply pressure against the body canal.
8. The implantable apparatus of claim 6, wherein said pulling member comprises a cable having at least a first and second end.
9. The implantable apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first end of the cable extends slidably through an aperture in the second engaging element and is attached to said plunging member.
10. The implantable apparatus of claim 8, wherein said activating member comprises a housing having at least a first side and a second side whereby the second' end of the cable extends slidably through an aperture in the first side of the housing and is fixed to the second side of the housing such that substantially perpendicular pressure against a portion of cable between the first side and the second side of the housing results in movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow there through.
11. The implantable apparatus of claim 8, wherein said activating member comprises a stepper motor coupled to the second end of the cable so that activation of the stepper motor causes the second end of the cable to be axially pulled towards the stepper motor resulting in movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow there through.
12. The implantable apparatus of claim 8, wherein said activating member comprise a housing having at least a first side and second side whereby the second end of the cable extends slidably through the first side of the housing and is fixed to the second side of the housing, and a solenoid such that activation of the solenoid results in downward force being exerted against a portion of the cable between the first side and the second side of the, housing thereby causing movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow there through.
13. An implantable apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a magnet for activating the solenoid.
14. The implantable apparatus of claim 5, wherein said actuating member comprises a link member having a first and second end.
15. The implantable apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first end of the link member is attached to said plunging member and is axially moveable by said control means to move said plunging member.
16. The implantable apparatus of claim 14, wherein said actuating member comprises a housing whereby the second end of the connector extends slidably through an aperture in the housing and is coupled to an actuator provided in the housing such that movement of the actuator results in movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow therethrough.
17. The implantable apparatus of claim 14, wherein said actuating member comprises a motor operatively coupled to the second end of the connector so that activation of the motor causes the second end of the link member to be axially pulled towards the motor resulting in movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow therethrough.
18. The implantable apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a trigger mechanism for activating the motor.
19. The implantable apparatus of claim 14, wherein said actuating member comprises a magnetic unit coupled to the second end of the connector so that activation of the magnetic unit causes the second end of the connector to be axially moved, resulting in movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow therethrough.
20. The implantable apparatus of claim 19, further comprising a manual override system including an additional magnet having sufficient magnetic force to activate said magnetic unit coupled to said second end of the connector from outside the host body.
21. The implantable apparatus of claim 6, wherein said pulling member comprises a triangular shaped pivot member with three corners wherein the first corner opposite the hypotenuse is a fixed pivot point and the second corner is a floating pivot point coupled to said plunging member so that movement on the fixed pivot point results in movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow there through.
22. The implantable apparatus of claim 21, wherein said activating member comprises a stepper motor coupled to a bearing wheel so that activation of the stepper motor moves the bearing wheel so as to force the triangular shaped pivot member to move along its fixed pivot point such that the floating pivot point coupled to said plunging member moves so as to pull said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow there through.
23. The implantable apparatus of claim 22, further comprising a magnet for activating the stepper motor.
24. The implantable apparatus of claim 1, wherein said constricting member comprises a first shell and a second shell pivotally connected such that the second shell is movable from an open position to a closed position, whereby the movement of the second shell to a closed position constricts the body canal thus reducing fluid flow within the body canal.
25. The implantable apparatus of claim 24, further comprising a biasing member exerting outward force approximate to the pivot point of said second shell forcing said constricting member to be in a normally closed position such that said constricting member constricts the body canal.
26. The implantable apparatus of claim 25, further comprising a pulling member acting on said second shell, wherein said pulling member comprises a cable having at least a first end and a second end.
27. The implantable apparatus of claim 26, whereby the first end of the cable extends slidably through the first shell of said constricting member running parallel to said biasing member and is attached to the second shell of said constricting member.
28. The implantable apparatus of claim 26, wherein said actuating member comprises a housing having at least a first side and a second side whereby the second end of the cable extends slidably through the first side of the housing and is fixed to the second side of the housing such that substantially perpendicular pressure against a portion of the cable between the first side and the second side of the housing results in movement of the first end of the cable against the force exerted by said biasing member causing said constricting member to move away from the closed position to allow at least some fluid flow through the body canal.
29. The implantable apparatus of claim 26, wherein said actuating member comprises a stepper motor coupled to the second end of the cable so that activation of the stepper motor causes the second end of the cable to be axially pulled towards the stepper motor resulting in movement of said plunging member away from the body canal to allow at least some fluid flow there through.
30. The implantable apparatus of claim 29 further comprising a magnet for activating the stepper motor.
31. The implantable apparatus of claim 26, wherein said actuating member comprises a housing having at least a first side and second side whereby the second end of the cable extends slidably through the first side of the housing and is fixed to the second side of the housing, and a solenoid such that activation of the solenoid results in downward force being exerted against a portion of the cable between the first side and the second side of the housing thereby causing movement of the first end of the cable against the force exerted by said biasing member causing the constricting member to move away from the closed position to allow at least some fluid flow through the body canal.
32. The implantable apparatus of claim 31, further comprising a magnet for activating the solenoid.
33. An implantable apparatus for controlling fluid flow within a host body comprising:
a constricting member for restricting fluid flow within a body canal when in a closed position, and for allowing fluid flow within the body canal when in an open position;
a control mechanism for controlling movement of the constricting member between said open and closed positions; and a link member linking the constricting member and the control mechanism such that the constricting member and the control mechanism are implantable in different parts of the host body.
34. The implantable apparatus of claim 33, wherein said control mechanism is separable from said link member, whereby said control mechanism may be replaced without removal of the constricting member or the link member from the host body.
35. The implantable apparatus of claim 34, wherein:
the link member is adapted for actuating said constricting member between said open and closed positions so as to alter fluid flow within the body canal; and an actuating member is provided for actuating said linking member.
36. The implantable apparatus of claim 35, wherein the actuating member and the control mechanism are provided in a housing separate from the constricting member.
37. The implantable apparatus of claim 35, wherein the actuating member comprises a motor.
38. The implantable apparatus of claim 37, further comprising a remotely operated trigger mechanism for activating the motor.
39. The implantable apparatus of claim 37, wherein a coupling for selectively transmitting axial movement from said motor to said link member is provided between said link member and said motor.
40. The implantable apparatus of claim 39, wherein said coupling comprises a compressible member.
41. The implantable apparatus of claim 40, wherein the compressible member is provided in a moveable casing, and wherein said link member is operatively connected to said compressible member, the motor acting to move said casing, said compressible member acting to move said link member.
42. The implantable apparatus of claim 39, wherein said coupling comprises magnets.
43. The implantable apparatus of claim 42, wherein said coupling comprises a magnet attached to an end of said link member, and at least one magnet attached to said operating means.
44. The implantable apparatus of claim 43, wherein said at least one magnet attached to said operating means is generally annular, and extends around said magnet attached to said link member.
45. A seal for an elongated link member, said link member extending between an implantable apparatus for implantation in a host body and a control mechanism, the link member extending through an opening in a housing, wherein the seal comprises:

a tubular membrane having two openings, one opening being sealed to said housing, the other said opening being sealed to said link member such that fluid entering said housing around said link member is trapped by said membrane, said membrane flexing to allow movement of the shaft.
46. The seal of claim 45, wherein said membrane is sealed to said link member by gripping means extending around said membrane and said shaft.
47. The seal of claim 46, wherein said gripping means comprises a coil.
48. The seal of claim 45, wherein said membrane comprises a bellows that folds inwardly when the link member is moved axially away from an interior the housing, and expands when the link member is moved axially into the housing.
49. The seal of claim 48, wherein said bellows includes a reinforcing ring so that folding of said bellows is controlled.
50. An operating mechanism for a constricting member for controlling fluid flow in a body canal, the constricting member being actuable between open and closed positions, the operating mechanism comprising:
an axially moveable link member operatively connected to said constricting member for actuating said constricting member;
operating means for axially moving said link member; and a coupling for selectively transmitting axial movement from said operating means to said link member, said coupling being operatively connected between said link member and said operating means.
51. The operating mechanism of claim 50, wherein said coupling comprises a compressible member.
52. The operating mechanism of claim 51, wherein the compressible member is provided in a moveable casing, and wherein said link member is operatively connected to said compressible member, the motor acting to move said casing, said compressible member acting to move said link member.
53. The operating mechanism of claim 50, wherein said coupling comprises magnets.
54. The operating mechanism of claim 53, wherein said coupling comprises a magnet attached to an end of said link member, and at least one magnet attached to said operating means.
55. The operating mechanism of claim 54, wherein said at least one magnet attached to said operating means is generally annular, and extends around said magnet attached to said link member.
56. The operating mechanism of claim 53, further comprising a manual override system including an additional magnet having sufficient magnetic force to activate said coupling to transmit axial movement to said link member from outside the host body.
57. A method of controlling fluid flow within a host body comprising:
implanting a constricting member around a body canal, the constricting member reducing fluid flow in the body vessel when in a closed position;
implanting a control mechanism in the host body;
providing and implanting a link member between said constricting member and said control mechanism to allow the control mechanism to control the constricting member, wherein said control mechanism may be removed from the host body and replaced without removal of the constricting member and the linking member.
58. The method of claim 57, wherein the constricting member comprises engaging elements defining an opening therebetween, the method comprising surrounding the body canal with said engaging elements so that said body canal extends through said opening.
59. The method of claim 57, comprising suturing the engaging elements to the vessel.
60. The method of claim 57, further comprising implanting the control mechanism remote from the body canal.
61. A remote telemetry system for an implantable apparatus, the telemetry system comprising a signaling mechanism capable of sending and receiving signals to and from a control unit implanted in a host body in order to monitor the operation of the implantable apparatus, the telemetry system being capable of altering operating settings of the implantable apparatus.
62. The remote telemetry system of claim 61, wherein said signals are electromagnetic radiation.
63. The remote telemetry system of claim 62, wherein said signals are radio waves.
64. The remote telemetry system of claim 61, further comprising sensors to monitor actions of the implantable apparatus on the host body, and a mechanism to interrogate said sensors to provide feedback on the sensed data.
65. The remote telemetry system of claim 64, wherein said sensors are capable of monitoring pressure exerted by a moveable part of said implantable apparatus on a part of said host body, the feedback on the sensed data including commands to alter the range of movement of said moveable part of said implantable apparatus.
66. An implantable apparatus for controlling fluid flow in a host body, the implantable apparatus comprising:
a constricting mechanism including a reciprocable member for selectively applying pressure to a canal of the host body in order to selectively constrict said canal;
a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure applied by said reciprocable member to said canal; and a feedback system for altering movement of said reciprocable member in response to the pressure sensed by said pressure sensor in order to prevent damage to said canal.
CA2424059A 2000-09-29 2001-09-28 Body fluid flow control method and device Expired - Fee Related CA2424059C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/676,336 2000-09-29
US09/676,336 US6527701B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2000-09-29 Body fluid flow control device
PCT/US2001/030667 WO2002026161A1 (en) 2000-09-29 2001-09-28 Body fluid flow control method and device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2424059A1 true CA2424059A1 (en) 2002-04-04
CA2424059C CA2424059C (en) 2010-08-17

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CA2424059A Expired - Fee Related CA2424059C (en) 2000-09-29 2001-09-28 Body fluid flow control method and device

Country Status (9)

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US (4) US6527701B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1320337A4 (en)
JP (3) JP4446658B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20030051683A (en)
AU (1) AU2001293198A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0114508C1 (en)
CA (1) CA2424059C (en)
MX (1) MXPA03002719A (en)
WO (1) WO2002026161A1 (en)

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CA2424059C (en) 2010-08-17

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