CA2342873A1 - Method and apparatus for low power, regulated output in battery powered electrotherapy devices - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for low power, regulated output in battery powered electrotherapy devices Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2342873A1
CA2342873A1 CA002342873A CA2342873A CA2342873A1 CA 2342873 A1 CA2342873 A1 CA 2342873A1 CA 002342873 A CA002342873 A CA 002342873A CA 2342873 A CA2342873 A CA 2342873A CA 2342873 A1 CA2342873 A1 CA 2342873A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
capacitor
battery
voltage
inductor
output
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
CA002342873A
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French (fr)
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CA2342873C (en
Inventor
Andy Sturman
Thomas Grey
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Neurowave Medical Technologies LLC
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Individual
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Publication of CA2342873A1 publication Critical patent/CA2342873A1/en
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Publication of CA2342873C publication Critical patent/CA2342873C/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/378—Electrical supply
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
    • A61N1/3603—Control systems
    • A61N1/36034—Control systems specified by the stimulation parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00711—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/20—The network being internal to a load
    • H02J2310/23—The load being a medical device, a medical implant, or a life supporting device

Abstract

This invention is a device for controlling the discharge of a battery (B1) supplying an intermittent load, such as a nerve stimulation device. The devi ce includes a controller (15) which operates a switched inductor (L1) to feed a capacitor (C1) with numerous small pulses from the battery, thereby building up the charge, voltage on the capacitor, and occasionally discharging the capacitor to a load. The capacitor discharge is at a current higher than tha t of the small pulses from the battery, so the battery is drained at small instantaneous discharge rates compared to the high instantaneous discharge current from the capacitor.

Claims (16)

1. An apparatus for regulating the output in a battery powered electrotherapy device comprising:
an inductor having an output connected to a capacitor, said capacitor being connected through a switch to an electrode;
a controller which operates the inductor by intermittently connecting and disconnecting said inductor to a battery such that the battery outputs a battery discharge pulse to the inductor, wherein the switched inductor transmits a current pulse to the capacitor to build a charge of current on the capacitor;
and the controller intermittently connects the capacitor to the load, causing the capacitor to discharge a current pulse to the electrode.
2. An apparatus for regulating the output in a battery powered electrotherapy device comprising:
a control means which activates a switched inductor by connecting said switched inductor to a battery supply such that the battery supply outputs a charging pulse to the switched inductor;
wherein said control means deactivates the switched inductor causing said switched inductor to deliver a charge from the switched inductor to a storage capacitor, said deactivating of the switched inductor causing voltage to build up on the storage capacitor;
wherein said control means monitors the voltage built up on the storage capacitor using a voltage divider connected to a voltage comparator until the voltage on the storage capacitor reaches a predetermined voltage at which point it delivers a capacitor discharge pulse from the storage capacitor to an output stage;

wherein said control means controls the width and frequency of the battery supply charging pulses so that battery discharge pulses are made at lower amperage than the capacitor discharge pulses; and the output stage comprises electrodes adapted to transmit electrotherapy pulses to the body of a patient
3. An apparatus for regulating the output in a battery powered electrotherapy device comprising:
a control means which activates a switched inductor by connecting said switched inductor to a battery supply such that the battery supply outputs a charging pulse to the switched inductor,;
wherein said control means deactivates the switched inductor causing said switched inductor to deliver a charge from the switched inductor to a storage capacitor, said deactivating of the switched inductor causing voltage to build up on the storage capacitor;
wherein said control means monitors the voltage built up on the storage capacitor using a voltage divider connected to a voltage comparator until the voltage on the storage capacitor reaches a predetermined voltage at which point it delivers said voltage from the storage capacitor to an output stage;
wherein said control means controls the width and frequency of the battery supply charging pulses so that battery discharge pulses are made at lower amperage than the capacitor discharge pulses.
wherein said control means counts the number of charge pulses from the battery supply needed to achieve a predetermined voltage such that as the battery supply is depleted, more charge pulses are ordered to be sent from the battery supply to the storage capacitor;

wherein said control means determines that the charge pulses count reaches a predetermined charge pulse count value equal to a predetermined percent of total value, said control means changes an indicator from normal to a low battery warning and continues to deliver therapeutic pulses, said predetermined value calculated as a percentage of the total time that the control can maintain the stimulation output on average for the type of battery supply used; and wherein said control means, once it determines that it is unable to regulate the output due to depleted battery supply, stops delivering therapeutic output pulses.
4. An apparatus for regulating the output in a battery powered electrotherapy device comprising:
a control means which activates a switched inductor by connecting said switched inductor to a battery supply such that the battery supply outputs a charging pulse to the switched inductor, thereby causing a voltage to build up on a storage capacitor;
wherein said control means deactivates the switched inductor causing said switched inductor to deliver residual charge from the switched inductor to said storage capacitor, said deactivating of the switched inductor causing additional voltage to build up on said low voltage storage capacitor;
wherein said control means monitors the voltage built up on the storage capacitor using a voltage divider connected to a voltage comparator, and the control means causes the capacitor to discharge to an output stage when the voltage on the storage capacitor reaches a predetermined voltage;
wherein said control means determines the width and frequency of the battery supply charging pulses low enough such that the resulting average electrical current draw from the battery supply is low enough to not degrade the battery performance and battery life and high enough so that there is sufficient time for the therapeutic pulses to be generated at the required frequency;
wherein said control means counts the number of charge pulses from the battery supply needed to achieve a predetermined voltage such that as the battery supply is depleted, more charge pulses are ordered to be sent from the battery supply to the storage capacitor;
wherein said control means determines that the charge pulses count reaches a predetermined charge pulse count value equal to a predetermined percent of total value, said control means changes an indicator from normal to a low battery warning and continues to deliver therapeutic pulses, said predetermined value calculated as a percentage of the total time that the control can maintain the stimulation output on average for the type of battery supply used; and wherein said control means, once it determines that it is unable to regulate the output due to depleted battery supply, stops delivering therapeutic output pulses.
5. A device for providing a pulsed electrical stimulus to a nerve in the body of a patient, wherein said device is battery operated, said device comprising:
an electrode in electrical contact with the body in the vicinity of the nerve to be stimulated;
a capacitor and a first switch means for operably and intermittently connecting to the capacitor to the electrode;
a battery and a second switch means operably connecting the battery to the capacitor;

control means for operating the second switch to periodically connect the battery to the capacitor, thereby transferring charge from the battery to the capacitor, and periodically connecting the capacitor to the electrode after a desired charge has been accumulated on the capacitor to apply a pulse of electrical stimulus to the nerve in the body.
6. The device of claim 5 wherein the load comprises electrodes adapted to transmit electrotherapy pulses to the body of a patient.
7. The device of claim 6 wherein the load further comprises a transformer interposed between the capacitor and the electrodes.
8. The device of claim 7 wherein the transformer is designed to step up the voltage of the capacitor discharge pulse, so that the voltage of the current pulse discharged to the electrodes is higher than the voltage of the capacitor discharge pulse.
9. The device of claim 4 wherein the voltage divider is operably connected to a switch for selecting at least one voltage division setting said switch being operable by a user of the device.
10. The device of claim 4 wherein the voltage comparator transmits a signal to the control means when the voltage on the storage capacitor has reached a predetermined voltage.
11. The device of claim 4 wherein the output stage steps up the voltage and delivers it to the electrodes thereby generating a therapeutic electrical pulse to the user.
12. A device for providing pulsed output from a battery, said device comprising:
An output terminal;
A storage device operably and intermittently connected to the output terminal through a first switch means;

A battery and a second switch means operably connecting the battery to the storage device;
Control means for operating the second switch to intermittently connect the battery to the storage device, thereby transferring charge from the battery to the storage device, and periodically connecting the storage device to the output terminal after a desired charge has been accumulated on the storage device.
13. A device for providing pulsed output from a battery, said device comprising:
An output terminal;
A capacitor operably and intermittently connected to the output terminal through a first switch means;
A battery and a second switch means operably connecting the battery to the capacitor;
Control means for operating the second switch to intermittently connect the battery to the capacitor, thereby transferring charge from the battery to the capacitor, and periodically connecting the capacitor to the output terminal after a desired charge has been accumulated on the capacitor.
14. An apparatus for regulating the output of a battery to supply a load in a battery powered device comprising:
an inductor having an output connected to a capacitor, said capacitor being connected through a switch to a load;
a controller which operates the inductor by intermittently connecting and disconnecting said inductor to a battery such that the battery outputs a battery discharge pulse to the inductor, and the switched inductor transmits a current pulse to the capacitor to build a charge of current on the capacitor;

and the controller intermittently connects the capacitor to the load, causing the capacitor to discharge a current pulse to the load.
15. A method for controlling the discharge of a battery to a load, said method comprising:
providing a switched inductor, said switched inductor having an inductor input switch with an input adapted to be connected to the battery, said switched inductor having an output;
providing a capacitor adapted to be placed in circuit with the output of the inductor and collect current discharged from the inductor;
providing a capacitor output switch in circuit with the capacitor, said capacitor output switch adapted to be connected to the load;
providing a control module to control the operation of the inductor input switch and the capacitor output switch, and programming the control module to:
monitor the voltage on the storage capacitor;
operate the inductor input switch to draw a plurality of battery discharge pulses from the battery and allow the discharge pulses to cause a build up of voltage on the capacitor, and count the number of battery discharge pulses necessary to achieve a predetermined maximum voltage on the capacitor;
use the counted number of battery discharge pulses to determine the expected number of pulses necessary to achieve a predetermined desired output voltage on said storage capacitor intermediate between zero and the predetermined maximum voltage;
thereafter operate the inductor input switch to draw the expected number of battery discharge pulses from the battery to allow the discharge pulses to cause a build up of voltage on the capacitor, and operate the capacitor output switch to connect the capacitor to the load.
16. A method for controlling the discharge of a battery to a load, said method comprising:
providing a switched inductor, said switched inductor having an inductor input switch with an input adapted to be connected to the battery, said switched inductor having an output;
providing a capacitor adapted to be placed in circuit with the output of the inductor and collect current discharged from the inductor;
providing a capacitor output switch in circuit with the capacitor, said capacitor output switch adapted to be connected to the load;
providing a control module to control the operation of the inductor input switch and the capacitor output switch, and programming the control module to:
monitor the voltage on the storage capacitor;
operate the inductor input switch to draw a plurality of battery discharge pulses from the battery and allow the discharge pulses to cause a build up of voltage on the capacitor to a predetermined voltage; and operate the capacitor output switch to connect the capacitor to the load.
CA2342873A 1998-09-04 1999-08-31 Method and apparatus for low power, regulated output in battery powered electrotherapy devices Expired - Fee Related CA2342873C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/148,837 1998-09-04
US09/148,837 US6076018A (en) 1998-09-04 1998-09-04 Method and apparatus for low power regulated output in battery powered electrotherapy devices
PCT/US1999/019881 WO2000013744A1 (en) 1998-09-04 1999-08-31 Method and apparatus for low power, regulated output in battery powered electrotherapy devices

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2342873A1 true CA2342873A1 (en) 2000-03-16
CA2342873C CA2342873C (en) 2012-11-06

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CA2342873A Expired - Fee Related CA2342873C (en) 1998-09-04 1999-08-31 Method and apparatus for low power, regulated output in battery powered electrotherapy devices

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US6076018A (en)
EP (1) EP1109595B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4220129B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE422374T1 (en)
AU (1) AU766463B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2342873C (en)
DE (1) DE69940405D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000013744A1 (en)

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US7127288B2 (en) 2006-10-24
US6076018A (en) 2000-06-13
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CA2342873C (en) 2012-11-06
ATE422374T1 (en) 2009-02-15
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EP1109595A1 (en) 2001-06-27

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